DOCSLIB.ORG

Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 4B10S 76-28,220 LANGEN, William George, 1943- the EVOLUTION of FRENCH SOCIALIST REALISM

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 4B10S 76-28,220 LANGEN, William George, 1943- the EVOLUTION of FRENCH SOCIALIST REALISM THE EVOLUTION OF FRENCH SOCIALIST REALISM Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Langen, William George, 1943- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 08/10/2021 06:09:13 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289435 INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. Stiver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. 5. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 4B10S 76-28,220 LANGEN, William George, 1943- THE EVOLUTION OF FRENCH SOCIALIST REALISM. The University of Arizona, Ph.D., 1976 Literature, Romance Xerox University Microfilms , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 THE EVOLUTION OF FRENCH SOCIALIST REALISM by William George Langen A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ROMANCE LANGUAGES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WITH A MAJOR IN FRENCH In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA. GRADUATE COLLEGE I hereby recommend chat thie dissertation prepared under my direction by William George Lanqen entitled The Evolution of French Socialist Realism be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Dissertation Director Dace7 As members of the Final Examination Committee, we certify that we have read this dissertation and agree that it may be presented for final defense. <-v\. cXr i , 111 ""yy. Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent on the candidate's adequate performance and defense thereof at the final oral examination. STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allow­ able without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manu­ script in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my family for their loyal patience through the long years this dissertation has been in preparation. Through all of the elapsed deadlines they supported and encouraged me. My director, Dr. Charles Rosenberg, was consistently cooperative and helpful in guiding this project to completion. I must also thank the members of my committee who by the quantity and precision of their suggestions facilitated the necessary revisions. I wish to acknowledge the special assistance of my comrades in the Diacritics group who were so helpful in their sug­ gestions on the more recent critical developments. Finally, I am grateful to my colleagues at Saint Cloud State College for their assistance in giving me a grant to finance the completion of the dissertation. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT v 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. THE ORIGINS OF SOCIALIST REALISM AS A CRITICAL MODEL 18 Marx and Engels 18 Lenin 26 Zhdanov's Address to the First Writers' Congress 36 Report of the Central Committee on the Journals Zvesda and Leningrad 49 Apresyan: Art and Freedom 59 3. PARTY LITERARY CRITICISM AND STALINISM 74 Literature of the Graveyard 74 Lefebvre's Alternative: Pascal 96 Existentialist Criticism: Sartre's Qu'est- ce que la litterature? 106 The Structuralist Challenge: Barthes' Le degrg zero de 1' ecriture 119 Aragon and Crouzet: Old Ways and New Tensions 142 4. THE BREAK WITH THE ZHDANOVIST MODEL 153 Garaudy: D'un r£alisme sans rivages .... 153 The Article on Ernst Fischer 161 5. THE NEW POLICY IN CULTURAL MATTERS—THEORY AND PRACTICE 171 Argenteuil 171 Cluny I 196 Cluny II 210 6. THE ALTHUSSERIAN MODEL OF LITERARY CRITICISM ... 229 7. CONCLUSION 251 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 259 iv ABSTRACT In spite of the resurgence of interest in Marxist literary studies in France, there has been no adequate study of the literary theory and criticism of the French Communist Party. The reason for this gap is found in the two texts which do treat French Communist literary criti­ cism, albeit inadequately. In both David Caute's Communism and the French Intellectuals and David Poster's more recent Existential Marxism in Postwar France, we see that the whole of the Party's cultural policy has been superficially analyzed and, subsequently, condemned as Stalinist. This dissertation will trace the evolution of an indigenous French Party criticism from the end of World War II to the present. We will focus on questions of unique interest to Party critics, such as the theory of reflection, the historicity of the aesthetic effect and the nature of aesthetic cognition. In a brief analysis of these questions in the writings of Marx, Engels, and Lenin, we show that even for Party critics who take these texts as a theoretical point of departure there remains considerable space for diversity when it comes to a resolution of the specific problems. Within this latitude we trace the increasing divergence v vi between Soviet and French Communist literary theory and criticism. In our analysis of Soviet criticism up to 1947, we demonstrate that the critical practice most closely asso­ ciated with Stalinism, the Zhdanovist method, did not achieve hegemony within the Soviet Union until 1947. We contend, therefore, that there can be no question of French Party adherence to a Zhdanovist critical methodology before that time. Our analysis of recent Soviet criticism proves that theoretical assumptions on the vital matters of reflec­ tion, the historicity of the aesthetic effect and the nature of aesthetic cognition have changed little since 1947. This analysis permits us to document that French Party criticism has evolved in quite a different direction from that of the Soviets. Beginning with Roger Garaudy's Literature of the Graveyard, written in 1947, we detail the impact of Zhdanovist methodology on French Party literary criticism. In the examination of other critical texts written from 1947 to the mid-fifties, we show that Party criticism was forced to confront challenges from other left but non-Party methodologies, especially from existentialism and structuralism. Thus, we establish that the peculiarities of French intellectual life dictated a course of confron­ tation, adaptation, and assimilation. This evolvement, which proceeded in a context of debate in the fifties, culminated in Roger Garaudy's vii wholesale abandonment of the Soviet model of literary theory in 1963. Three years later the Party convened a meeting of the Central Committee at Argenteuil and set a new course in the area of culture by encouraging dialogue with divergent intellectual trends and relaxation of former strictures. There followed a period of soaring membership of intellectuals. With its new-found credibility, the Party was able to hold two extremely successful colloquia on literature and linguistics (1968) and literature and ideology (1970). There did not exist, at the end of the sixties, a coherent and distinctive Party literary theory and criti­ cism. However, with the publication of France Vernier's L'gcriture et les textes in 1974, we see the elaboration of a theoretical model based on the Althusserian analysis of state ideological apparatuses. This model has emerged from a series of scholarly endeavors within the Party, and is significantly different from the Soviet critical apparatus discussed earlier. In the conclusion we assert that critical and theoretical reflection within the French Party inevitably responds to the political and intellectual realities of France much more than it does to a Party line formulated in Moscow. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION There is in the United States a growing interest in Marxist literary studies and specifically in French Marxist studies.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lenin-S-Jewish-Question
    Lenin’s Jewish Question Lenin’s Jewish Question YOHANAN PETROVSKY-SHTERN New Haven and London Published with assistance from the foundation established in memory of Amasa Stone Mather of the Class of 1907, Yale College. Copyright © 2010 by Yale University. All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. Yale University Press books may be purchased in quantity for educational, business, or promotional use. For information, please e-mail [email protected] (U.S. office) or [email protected] (U.K. office). Set in Minion type by Integrated Publishing Solutions. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Petrovskii-Shtern, Iokhanan. Lenin’s Jewish question / Yohanan Petrovsky-Shtern. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-300-15210-4 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Lenin, Vladimir Il’ich, 1870–1924—Relations with Jews. 2. Lenin, Vladimir Il’ich, 1870–1924—Family. 3. Ul’ianov family. 4. Lenin, Vladimir Il’ich, 1870–1924—Public opinion. 5. Jews— Identity—Case studies. 6. Jewish question. 7.Jews—Soviet Union—Social conditions. 8. Jewish communists—Soviet Union—History. 9. Soviet Union—Politics and government. I. Title. DK254.L46P44 2010 947.084'1092—dc22 2010003985 This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48–1992 (Permanence of Paper).
    [Show full text]
  • Ardis 1990. Каталог Издательства. — Ann Arbor : Ardis. 1990
    C 0 NTENT S New and Forthcoming in Hardback ..............................................3 The Prose of the Russian Poets Series ............................................8 New and Forthcoming in Paperback ..............................................9 Twentieth-Century Literature Backlist ........................................10 Nineteenth-Century Literature Backlist ....................................... 12 Miscellaneous ................................................................................ 13 Literary Criticism ..........................................................................14 Russian Literature Triquarterly ....................................................16 Language Instruction ....................................................................16 Books in Russian ...........................................................................17 Books in Print-English .................................................................19 Books in Print-Russian .................................................................21 Ordering Information........................................................ ...........23 NOTE TO LIBRARIANS The following titles are announced for the first time: V. Nabokov. A Pictorial Biography .. ..... .. ......... ........ .... 3 After Russia ...... ..... .... ..... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... ... 4 Disappearance . ..... .. .... ....... .... ... .... .... .. .... ..... ... ....... 5 An Ordinary Story .. ..... ...... .... .. ..... .. ...... .. ..... ... ... ..
    [Show full text]
  • The Christened Chinaman a Novel
    ANDREI BELY THE CHRISTENED CHINAMAN TRANSLATED, ANNOTATED AND INTRODUCED BY THOMAS R . BEYER, JR. Hermitage Publishers 1991 Andrei Bely The Christened Chinaman A novel Translated from Russian by Thomas R. Beyer, Jr. Copyright @ 1991 by Thomas R. Beyer, Jr. All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bely, Andrey, 1880-1934. [Kreshchenyi kitaets. English] The christened Chinaman I Andrei Bely; translated, annotated, and introduced by Thomas R. Beyer, Jr. p. em. Translation of: Kreshchenyi kitaets. ISBN 1-55779-042-6 : $12.00 I. Title. PG3453.B84K713 1991 91-32723 891.73'3--dc20 CIP A sketch by Sergei Chekhonin "Woman with flower" (1914) is used for front cover Published by HERMITAGE PUBLISHERS P.O. Box 410 Tenafly, N.j. 07670, U.S.A. CONTENTS Translator's Introduction 1 The Text and the Translation IX THE CHRISTENED ClllNAMAN The Study 1 Papochka 1 3 This and That's Own 25 Granny, Auntie, Uncle 40 Roulade 53 Mamochka 69 Mikhails 77 Ahura-Mazda 88 Papa Hit the Nail on the Head 97 The Scythian 106 Phooeyness 109 Spring 127 Fellow Traveler 133 Om 147 Red Anise 152 Notes 161 TRANSLATOR'S INTRODUCTION The Christened Chinaman (KpeU�eHblli'l KHTa9L4),or iginally entitled The Transgression of Nikolai Letaev: (I: Epopee), appeared in 1921 to mixed reviews. A. Veksler called it "one of the most artistically vibrant and complete works of Russian literature, if not the most vibrant work of A. Bely."1 Viktor Shklovsky, the well known Formalist critic, wrote: "I don't think that he himself [Bely] knows what in the world an 'Epopee' is."2 Critics have also variedwidely in their evaluations of the stylistic innovations of the work.
    [Show full text]
  • Poetry and Psychiatry
    POETRY AND PSYCHIATRY Essays on Early Twentieth-Century Russian Symbolist Culture S t u d i e S i n S l av i c a n d R u ss i a n l i t e R at u R e S , c u lt u R e S , a n d H i S to Ry Series Editor: Lazar FLeishman (Stanford University) POETRY a n d PSYCHIATRY Essays on Early Twentieth-Century Russian Symbolist Culture Magnus L junggren Translated by Charles rougle Boston / 2014 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: A bibliographic record for this title is available from the Library of Congress. Copyright © 2014 Academic Studies Press All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-61811-350-4 (cloth) ISBN 978-1-61811-361-0 (electronic) ISBN 978-1-61811-369-6 (paper) Book design by Ivan Grave On the cover: Sergey Solovyov and Andrey Bely, 1904. Published by Academic Studies Press in 2014 28 Montfern Avenue Brighton, MA 02135, USA [email protected] www.academicstudiespress.com Effective December 12th, 2017, this book will be subject to a CC-BY-NC license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Other than as provided by these licenses, no part of this book may be reproduced, transmitted, or displayed by any electronic or mechanical means without permission from the publisher or as permitted by law. The open access publication of this volume is made possible by: This open access publication is part of a project supported by The Andrew W.
    [Show full text]
  • Melbourne Rare Book Fair 2019: the Highlights Including Russian Australiana & Avant-Garde Classics
    Melbourne Rare Book Fair 2019: The Highlights Including Russian Australiana & Avant-Garde Classics BOOKVICA 1 F O R E W O R D Dear all, We are glad to present to you the catalogue for the Melbourne fair - fair we wanted to participate in for a long time. The preface is that the international bookselling career of Bookvica founder, Pavel Chepyzhov, has started in Australia 8 years ago, with the ILAB internship done with the Cornstalk Bookshop and Hordern House. Now, we are coming back to show the work that has been done in these last years. The selection that we bring to Melbourne is as diverse and representative of our work as possible: from the illuminated gems of the 17th century in the shape of special coloured copy of Paterik Pecherskiy (1661) and the 13-meter long Armenian prayer scroll manuscript, to the classical Rodchenko and Lebedev’s works in book avant-garde. The special section is dedicated to what we have called Russian Australiana. Here one can find books that show connection between two countries which existed steadily through the last 200 years, especially if you include the numerous Russian travels in the Pacific and the influence of Russian culture on the Pacific Rim. We are glad to bring to Melbourne the signed copy of the travel account of one of the greatest Russian circumnavigators, Yuri Lisiansky, as well as the Russian translation of the James Cook’s biography by Kippis (1790), to underline the common ground. The Chinese section offers a glimpse into the Russian travel exploration of China, to the imprints of the exiled Russians in China in the 1920s-1930s, while in USSR at the same time the albums and books praising Mao were printed.
    [Show full text]
  • Nota Bene-- <C:\Nbwin\USERS\DEFAULT
    AATSEEL 2020 Presentation Abstracts FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 2020 1-1 Stream 1A: Tolstoy as Reader (I): Tolstoy Reading Literature, Myth and Religion Brian Kim, University of Pennsylvania Recommending Reading: Great Books According to Tolstoy In 1890, in response to Sir John Lubbock’s recently published list of one hundred books deemed “best worth reading,” Leo Tolstoy was approached by the publisher M. M. Lederle, who was interested in printing Tolstoy’s own recommendations in this regard. Tolstoy’s sin- gle and abortive attempt at compiling such a list in response contained fewer than 50 titles, organized according to the period of one’s life when they ought to be read and the degree of impression each had made on him personally. Ranging from religious texts and classical epics to contemporary philosophy and Russian literature, Tolstoy’s unpublished list is unsurprisingly characterized by an extraordinary breadth and a focus on writings conducive to the development of moral and spiritual education that was his main preoccupation in the latter period of his life. Though it did not become part of his public recommendations for reading (as, e.g., the aphorisms he later gathered in Krug chteniia), Tolstoy’s list was reflec- tive of a contemporaneous response to the rapid growth of literacy in late nineteenth-century Russia that was concerned with directing the reading consumption of a newly literate public toward texts of greater value than the light fiction so commonly found among booksellers’ wares. This paper examines Tolstoy’s recommendations in light of his experiences as a reader, educator, and public figure, and places his list in dialogue with conversations about literacy education in Russia at the end of the nineteenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Art of the Avant-Garde
    Russian Art of the Avant-Garde THE DOCUMENTS OF 20TH-CENTURY ART ROBERT MOTHERWELL, General Editor BERNARD KARPEL, Documentary Editor ARTHUR A. COHEN Managing Editor Russian Art of the Avant-Garde Theory and Criticism 1902-1934 Edited and Translated by John E. Bowlt Printed in U.S.A. Acknowledgments: Harvard University Press and Lund Humphries Publishers Ltd.: "Realistic Manifesto" from Gabo by Naum Gabo. Copyright © 1957 by Lund Humphries. Reprinted by permission. Thames and Hudson Ltd.: "Suprematism in World Reconstruction, 1920" by El Lissitsky. This collection of published statements by Russian artists and critics is in- tended to fill a considerable gap in our general knowledge of the ideas and theories peculiar to modernist Russian art, particularly within the context of painting. Although monographs that present the general chronological framework of the Russian avant-garde are available, most observers have comparatively little idea of the principal theoretical intentions of such move- ments as symbolism, neoprimitivism, rayonism, and constructivism. In gen- eral, the aim of this volume is to present an account of the Russian avant- garde by artists themselves in as lucid and as balanced a way as possible. While most of the essays of Vasilii Kandinsky and Kazimir Malevich have already been translated into English, the statements of Mikhail Larionov, Natalya Goncharova, and such little-known but vital figures as Vladimir Markov and Aleksandr Shevchenko have remained inaccessible to the wider public either in Russian or in English. A similar situation has prevailed with regard to the Revolutionary period, when such eminent critics and artists as Anatolii Lunacharsky, Nikolai Punin, and David Shterenberg were in the forefront of artistic ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biopolitics of Stalinism
    THE BIOPOLITICS OF STALINISM 44868_Prozorov.indd868_Prozorov.indd i 119/08/159/08/15 55:20:20 PMPM 44868_Prozorov.indd868_Prozorov.indd iiii 119/08/159/08/15 55:20:20 PMPM THE BIOPOLITICS OF STALINISM Ideology and Life in Soviet Socialism Sergei Prozorov 44868_Prozorov.indd868_Prozorov.indd iiiiii 119/08/159/08/15 55:20:20 PMPM To Marina and Pauliina, in captivation © Sergei Prozorov, 2016 Edinburgh University Press Ltd The Tun – Holyrood Road 12 (2f) Jackson’s Entry Edinburgh EH8 8PJ www.euppublishing.com Typeset in 11/13 Adobe Sabon by IDSUK (DataConnection) Ltd, and printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 4744 1052 6 (hardback) ISBN 978 1 4744 1053 3 (paperback) ISBN 978 1 4744 1054 0 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 1 4744 1055 7 (epub) The right of Sergei Prozorov to be identifi ed as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498). 44868_Prozorov.indd868_Prozorov.indd iviv 119/08/159/08/15 55:20:20 PMPM CONTENTS Preface vii Introduction 1 1 Postcommunist talinism: The Resurrection of the Effective Manager 13 The First Destalinisation: Getting Rid of the Sovereign 13 The Second Destalinisation: The Betrayal of the Revolution 19 The Red Emperor: The Product of Destalinisation 21 The Architect of Whatever 25 Transcendental Stalinism 30 2 Stalinism in the Theory of Biopolitics: A Brief Genealogy of a Reticence 38 Biopolitics
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Literature 1945-1988
    Arbeiten und Texte zu Slawistik ∙ Band 46 (eBook - Digi20-Retro) Wolfgang Kasack Russian Literature 1945-1988 Verlag Otto Sagner München ∙ Berlin ∙ Washington D.C. Digitalisiert im Rahmen der Kooperation mit dem DFG-Projekt „Digi20“ der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek, München. OCR-Bearbeitung und Erstellung des eBooks durch den Verlag Otto Sagner: http://verlag.kubon-sagner.de © bei Verlag Otto Sagner. Eine Verwertung oder Weitergabe der Texte und Abbildungen, insbesondere durch Vervielfältigung, ist ohne vorherige schriftliche Genehmigung des Verlages unzulässig. «Verlag Otto Sagner» ist ein Imprint der Kubon & Sagner GmbHWolfgang. Kasack - 9783954794379 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 04:19:17AM via free access 00047014 ARBEITEN UND TEXTE ZUR SLAVISTIK • 46 HERAUSGEGEBEN VON WOLFGANG KASACK Wolfgang Kasack RUSSIAN LITERATURE 1945-1988 1989 München • Verlag Otto Sagner in Kommission Wolfgang Kasack - 9783954794379 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 04:19:17AM via free access í+Ъ/І ( ĻĻ׳/ .fb *־ “ This exposition of Russian literature from 1945 to 1987 is a revised and considerably enlarged third issue of my books "Die russische Literatur 1945-1976й (München 1980). "Die russische Literatur 1945-1982" (München 1983). My thanks to Miss Carol Sandison for the suggestion of an English version and for the task of translation. My thanks also to my colleagues at the Slavic Institute of Cologne University - Miss Monika Glaser, Mrs. Barbara Göbler, Dr. Frank Göbler, Miss Annette Julius. Mrs. Angelika Lauhus M.A.. Dr. Irmgard Lorenz, Miss Daniela Scarpati. Mrs. Marianne Wiebe M.A. - for bibliographical, editorial and technical assistance in the preparation of the text. Köln and Much, Decem ber 1988 W.K.
    [Show full text]
  • The Armenian Church Under the Soviet Regime, Part 1: the Leadership of Kevork
    Religion, State & Society, Vol. 24, No. 1,1996 The Armenian Church Under the Soviet Regime, Part 1: the Leadership of Kevork FELIX CORLEY Like all religious groups in the Soviet Union, the Armenian Apostolic Church suf­ fered greatly in the 1930s. The low point came in 1938, with the mysterious death - undoubtedly at the hands of the NKVD - of the Church's leader, Catholicos Khoren I (Muradbekyan). As for other groups, the Second World War and the rapprochement with the Soviet state came just at the right time. The Church was saved from obliv­ ion, mainly because of its importance to overseas Armenians. Within Soviet Armenia it was kept on a very tight leash, reduced to just a remnant of its former glory. This is the first part of an article that will cover the history of the Church from 1938 up to the death of Catholicos Vazgen in 1994. 1 This article is based on pub­ lished sources' and research in the archives of the Council for the Affairs of the Armenian Church in Yerevan, as well as in the Armenian party archives.' The files of the Armenian Council available to researchers begin to thin out by the early 1960s, as all files related to the period from the mid-1960s are still in use by the present Council, housed in the old offices on Abovyan Street in Yerevan. I have also exam­ ined material in the Central Committee Archive in Moscow and in the extensive files of the Council for Religious Affairs in the State Archive of the Russian Federation.
    [Show full text]
  • Download File
    A Case of Canonical Limbo: Idealist and Materialist Interplay in Marietta Shaginian’s Hydrocentral Jill Roese Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2017 © 2017 Jill Roese All rights reserved ABSTRACT A Case of Canonical Limbo: Idealist and Materialist Interplay in Marietta Shaginian’s Hydrocentral Jill Roese Marietta Shaginian’s Soviet production novel, Hydrocentral (Gidrotsentral’), represents a case of canonical limbo. Without exception, the novel is listed as a Soviet literary classic in reference works and compendia of Russian literature since the time of its publication in 1931 up to the present day, and yet its fame as an exemplary work of socialist realism (the officially mandated artistic and literary method established by the Soviet government in 1934) was extremely short-lived. This dissertation attempts to explain the reasons for the novel’s “in- between” status as a Soviet “classic” work of literature, but not an exemplar of socialist realism. Although Hydrocentral was published three years prior to the adoption of socialist realism, this dissertation argues that there is little doubt that Hydrocentral was one of a handful of Soviet literary works contributing to the formulation of its central tenets. Per the official definition, socialist realism “demands from the artist the truthful, historically concrete depiction of reality in its revolutionary development. At the same time, truthfulness and historical concreteness of the artistic depiction of reality must be combined with the task of ideologically remolding and educating [the working people] in the spirit of socialism.” Shaginian’s novel did, in fact, fulfill all the official requirements of socialist realism: it is a concrete, historically-grounded portrayal of life in rural Armenia at the inception of the first Five-Year Plan (1928-1932) in which objective reality (bytie) is characterized as unceasing dialectical movement.
    [Show full text]
  • 8, 2015 Makuhari Preliminary Program (September 18, 2014) 2 Session I – 1 (Tuesday – 9:30 Am – 11:00 Am) Program Tuesday
    The Ninth ICCEES World Congress August 3 - 8, 2015 Makuhari Preliminary Program (September 18, 2014) 2 Session I – 1 (Tuesday – 9:30 am – 11:00 am) Program Tuesday August Session I – 1 (Tuesday – 9:30 am – 11:00 am) I-1-1 New Geopolitical Reality in the Making? Putting Ukrainian Crisis in a Global Perspective I Chair: Gaye Christoffersen, Johns Hopkins U, China Papers: Rodney Bruce Hall, U of Macau, China “Constructing Secessionism in the Crimea and Irredentism in Russia” Ted Hopf, National U of Singapore “China's Russian Problem” Viacheslav Morozov, U of Tartu, Estonia “The Day After: What Are the Grounds for a Post-Crisis Settlement between Russia and the West?” Discussant: Elizabeth Wishnick, Montclair State U, USA I-1-2 Hidden Threats and Risks to Eurasian Security and Ways to Overcome Them Chair: Oleg Vusatyuk, Kyiv National U of Culture and Arts, Ukraine Papers: Oleg Vusatyuk, Kyiv National U of Culture and Arts, Ukraine “International Security Regime in the Zones Civilizational Fault Lines and in the Conditions of Civilizational Drift” Alexander Golubev, Institute of Russian History, RAS “Soviet Society and Geopolitical Threats of Interwar Period: Retro- spective Analysis of Actual Experience” Karolina Gorditsa, Institute of Economy and Forecasting, National AS Ukraine “Legitimacy of Property as a Factor of Economic Security: Ukrainian Traditions and Perspectives” Session I – 1 (Tuesday – 9:30 am – 11:00 am) 3 Discussant: TBA I-1-3 Humanitarian Factors in International Relations Chair: TBA Papers: Robert Crane, Estonian Business
    [Show full text]