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200909 Spelunca 115.Pdf Notre engagement pour notre Fédération est plus indispensable que jamais Les temps changent, la vie aussi et la spéléologie avec. intérêts, tous nos intérêts, pour que l'ensemble des Pour nous spéléologues passionnés, quels que soient nos spéléologues puisse faire face à tout ce qui pourrait leur domaines de prédilection, de préférence ou d'excellence, être demandé. il va falloir nous adapter. Nous devrons alors être encore plus une force d'ouver- Que sera la spéléologie de demain ? C'est difficile à dire, ture, de proposition, de mouvement. Nous devrons aussi mais on peut penser qu'elle sera plus difficile à pratiquer, montrer toute la souplesse nécessaire pour être forts et peut-être sous des formes ou avec des moyens différents. défendre notre discipline. Préparer le futur, cela signifie Dans le secteur des cascades, la rivière Il ne fait pas de doute que des changements vont néces- être capable de le modeler, et sûrement pas seulement souterraine du Rupt-du-Puits (Meuse, France) est un tube phréatique surcreusé, de 6 à 7 m de sairement avoir lieu dans les approvisionnements en éner- de savoir plier l'échine. hauteur. Pour étudier les mises en charge dans gie qui ont permis à notre société actuelle de se Aujourd'hui, nous devons, avec notre Fédération, gérer un cette zone, onze flotteurs étagés (les "bilborupt", développer jusqu'à devenir ce qu'elle est. Un changement quotidien plus d'une fois difficile, mais nous devons néan- devant le personnage) sont disposés de part et d'autre de chaque rupture topographique. Les dans les structures énergétiques implique un changement moins « capitaliser » pour le futur et préparer celui-ci. spéléologues qui visitent la cavité peuvent faire de société. La société de demain sera-t-elle meilleure ou « Capitaliser », cela veut dire acquérir aujourd'hui – et eux-mêmes le relevé (http://mlspeleo.free.fr/). Cliché Stéphane Jaillet. plus difficile ? Nul ne le sait, car ces choses-là sont rela- pérenniser – le savoir, le savoir-faire et la connaissance tives et nous ne pouvons juger avec notre état d'esprit du milieu souterrain. La pratique technique de notre acti- RÉDACTION d'aujourd'hui ce qui demain sera mieux ou moins bien. vité, c'est bien, mais la spéléologie ne saurait se passer Rédacteur en chef: Philippe DROUIN. Président de la commission Toujours est-il que ce sera différent. des rapports, des topographies, des photographies indis- des publications: Claude MOURET. On observe une urbanisation croissante dans le monde. pensables pour demain. Nous avons un patrimoine, à Directeur de la publication: L'accès aux campagnes, pris dans son ensemble, dimi- consolider et à enrichir : maintenant ! Laurence TANGUILLE. Equipe de rédaction: nue. Nous avons, grâce à l'automobile, plus que jamais Apprenons donc à nous investir encore plus dans les acti- Jean-Yves BIGOT, Jacques CHABERT, un accès facile au monde souterrain. On peut y aller en vités de notre Fédération. Elle a besoin de nous tous et Christophe GAUCHON, groupe pour faire des explorations, ou à deux ou même tous, nous avons profondément besoin d'elle, sachons le Annick MENIER et Claude MOURET. Illustrations en-têtes rubriques: seul, pour prospecter ou « apprendre le karst », pour vivre voir et le reconnaître. Sachons donc proposer, créer et faire François GENEVRIER. l'environnement ou pour d'autres activités avec un nombre avancer. Ouvrons les yeux. Manifestations annoncées: variable de personnes. Ceci sera d'autant plus possible qu'entre nous, nous Marcel MEYSSONNIER. Vie fédérale: Laurent GALMICHE. L'évolution des transports et de leurs modalités de mise saurons nous serrer les coudes, avancer dans une même Paléontologie: Michel PHILIPPE. en œuvre vont probablement nous faire changer nos habi- direction, mettre à profit les capacités de chacun, respec- Préhistoire: Gérard AIMÉ. tudes. Notre spéléologie en sera forcément différente. ter ses motivations pour mieux les utiliser. La Fédération, MAQUETTE, RÉALISATION, PUBLICITÉ Les sportifs pourront aller en bus visiter des grottes explo- c'est nous tous, ses membres. Nous devons, tout comme Editions GAP - 73190 Challes-les-Eaux rées jadis. Les scientifiques pourront aller en groupe voir ceux qui la dirigent, plus que jamais faire preuve d'ouver- téléphone: 047972 67 85 fax: 047972 67 17 des sites étudiés par un petit nombre d'entre eux. Les ture et d'écoute. Personne n'est parfait et personne n'est e-mail: [email protected] explorateurs opérant dans des cavités connues auront omniscient. www.gap-editions.fr peut-être un peu plus de mal, mais ils pourront se grou- Enfin, « the last but not the least » (ce qu'on dit après le Imprimé en France sur papier 100 % recyclé Citygreen Silk per. Les spécialistes de la prospection ou du milieu kars- reste, mais qui pour autant n'en est pas le moins impor- de Matussière et Forest tique pourront se déplacer avec autorisation s'ils ramènent tant), nous devons marquer une Reconnaissance (ce qui ADMINISTRATION ET un rapport écrit. Quand aux environnementalistes, ils se lit : reconnaissance avec un grand R) pour tout ceux qui SECRÉTARIAT DE RÉDACTION auront sans doute la part belle. se sont investis, ceux qui continuent de le faire et ceux Fédération française de spéléologie 28, rue Delandine - 69002 Lyon Rêves fous que tout cela ? Cauchemars ? Non, ce sont qui le feront. La reconnaissance est une vertu plus anglo- téléphone: 0472560963 seulement des éléments de réflexion tout au plus. Faut-il saxonne que latine, mais nous devons – aussi – la prati- e-mail: [email protected] être pessimiste ? Certainement pas. Réaliste ? Sûrement. quer… sans modération. site internet: www.ffspeleo.fr Faudra-t-il faire preuve d'esprit constructif, d'anticipation Je vous souhaite d'excellentes explorations. Spelunca est DÉPÔT LÉGAL: septembre 2009 et de dynamisme ? Sans nul doute. Il y aura des lende- là pour les faire connaître et n'oubliez pas : la rubrique Numéro de commission paritaire: 064032 mains passionnants pour ceux qui sauront bouger (et se L'Evènement, qui vient d'être créée, est faite pour accueillir TARIFS D’ABONNEMENT bouger). vos scoops. Quatre ou cinq lignes (et une photographie ou 22,00€ par an (4 numéros) Comme cependant des pratiques différentes risquent de pas), ça ne coûte pas cher et ça peut rapporter gros ! Etrangers et hors métropole: s'instaurer dans notre discipline, nous aurons besoin à ce 29,00€ par an Prix au numéro: 9,20€ franco de port moment-là, encore plus que jamais, d'une grande fédéra- Cordialement vôtre, tion capable de nous représenter et de défendre nos Claude MOURET Trucs et astuces ...................................................................................................... 2 L’asthme en profondeur .............................................................................. 31 Michel GUILHEM, Fabrice FILLOLS et Philippe DEVÈZE L’évènement ................................................................................................................... 4 Échos des profondeurs France ......................................................... 5 Les cascades de M’tsapéré (Mayotte) .................................. 36 Étranger .................................................... 11 Arnauld MALARD Claude Chabert Le tour du monde en voilier d’un spéléologue ........... 38 Claude MOURET, Jean-Yves BIGOT, Peter BOSTED, ................... 12 Daniel DAIROU Augusto AULER, Fadi NADER et Joël RODET Coin des livres ............................................................................................................ 42 Les grottes d’Argens (La Mure-Argens, ................................. 25 Bruits de fond ............................................................................................................. 46 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) Vie fédérale ............................. 46 Échos des commissions ...... 60 Jean-Yves BIGOT, Philippe DROUIN et Maurice ROUARD In memoriam ......................... 62 trucs et astuces n°3 Pour que mes photos soient belles dans Spelunca… Il serait difficile aujourd'hui de publier Spelunca tel qu'il était à l'époque où Edouard-Alfred Martel l’a créé: dans un monde baigné d'images, la place des photographies dans notre revue est de plus en plus importante. S'il était possible assez facilement de juger de la qualité technique d'une image à l'époque, pas si lointaine que ça, des diapositives et des tirages papier, la généralisation de la photographie numérique rend les choses un peu moins évidentes et ce n'est pas parce qu'une image semble techniquement correcte à l'écran ou une fois imprimée que sa qualité sera suffisante pour une impression offset. Voici quelques points de repère, de la prise de doit être propre… Ces règles d'un autre âge mauvais), ni un écran d'ordinateur (et encore vue à la post-production, qui devraient vous semblent être de l'histoire ancienne, pour- moins un téléviseur ou un vidéoprojecteur) ne permettre de joindre à vos articles des images tant, elles sont plus que jamais d'actualité. sont en mesure de reproduire la même de qualité optimale : • Moins une image est compressée, meilleure gamme de couleurs et la même définition • La résolution de l'appareil photo ne fait pas c'est : la tentation est grande de vouloir mettre qu'une impression papier. Il est indispensable tout : pendant des années, la définition des toujours plus d'images sur la carte mémoire de de régler au mieux l'écran de son ordinateur capteurs numériques était un facteur limi- l'appareil photo en augmentant la compression (les réglages d'usine ne sont pas adaptés à tant… ce n'est plus
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