De Los Anfibios De La Amazonía
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Morphological Evolution and Modularity of the Caecilian Skull Carla Bardua1,2* , Mark Wilkinson1, David J
Bardua et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2019) 19:30 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1342-7 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Morphological evolution and modularity of the caecilian skull Carla Bardua1,2* , Mark Wilkinson1, David J. Gower1, Emma Sherratt3 and Anjali Goswami1,2 Abstract Background: Caecilians (Gymnophiona) are the least speciose extant lissamphibian order, yet living forms capture approximately 250 million years of evolution since their earliest divergences. This long history is reflected in the broad range of skull morphologies exhibited by this largely fossorial, but developmentally diverse, clade. However, this diversity of form makes quantification of caecilian cranial morphology challenging, with highly variable presence or absence of many structures. Consequently, few studies have examined morphological evolution across caecilians. This extensive variation also raises the question of degree of conservation of cranial modules (semi-autonomous subsets of highly-integrated traits) within this clade, allowing us to assess the importance of modular organisation in shaping morphological evolution. We used an intensive surface geometric morphometric approach to quantify cranial morphological variation across all 32 extant caecilian genera. We defined 16 cranial regions using 53 landmarks and 687 curve and 729 surface sliding semilandmarks. With these unprecedented high-dimensional data, we analysed cranial shape and modularity across caecilians assessing phylogenetic, allometric and ecological influences on cranial evolution, as well as investigating the relationships among integration, evolutionary rate, and morphological disparity. Results: We found highest support for a ten-module model, with greater integration of the posterior skull. Phylogenetic signal was significant (Kmult =0.87,p < 0.01), but stronger in anterior modules, while allometric influences were also significant (R2 =0.16,p < 0.01), but stronger posteriorly. -
A Review of Chemical Defense in Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae): Ecology, Pharmacokinetics, and Autoresistance
Chapter 21 A Review of Chemical Defense in Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae): Ecology, Pharmacokinetics, and Autoresistance Juan C. Santos , Rebecca D. Tarvin , and Lauren A. O’Connell 21.1 Introduction Chemical defense has evolved multiple times in nearly every major group of life, from snakes and insects to bacteria and plants (Mebs 2002 ). However, among land vertebrates, chemical defenses are restricted to a few monophyletic groups (i.e., clades). Most of these are amphibians and snakes, but a few rare origins (e.g., Pitohui birds) have stimulated research on acquired chemical defenses (Dumbacher et al. 1992 ). Selective pressures that lead to defense are usually associated with an organ- ism’s limited ability to escape predation or conspicuous behaviors and phenotypes that increase detectability by predators (e.g., diurnality or mating calls) (Speed and Ruxton 2005 ). Defended organisms frequently evolve warning signals to advertise their defense, a phenomenon known as aposematism (Mappes et al. 2005 ). Warning signals such as conspicuous coloration unambiguously inform predators that there will be a substantial cost if they proceed with attack or consumption of the defended prey (Mappes et al. 2005 ). However, aposematism is likely more complex than the simple pairing of signal and defense, encompassing a series of traits (i.e., the apose- matic syndrome) that alter morphology, physiology, and behavior (Mappes and J. C. Santos (*) Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Research Centre , University of British Columbia , #4200-6270 University Blvd , Vancouver , BC , Canada , V6T 1Z4 e-mail: [email protected] R. D. Tarvin University of Texas at Austin , 2415 Speedway Stop C0990 , Austin , TX 78712 , USA e-mail: [email protected] L. -
Taxonomic Checklist of Amphibian Species Listed in the CITES
CoP17 Doc. 81.1 Annex 5 (English only / Únicamente en inglés / Seulement en anglais) Taxonomic Checklist of Amphibian Species listed in the CITES Appendices and the Annexes of EC Regulation 338/97 Species information extracted from FROST, D. R. (2015) "Amphibian Species of the World, an online Reference" V. 6.0 (as of May 2015) Copyright © 1998-2015, Darrel Frost and TheAmericanMuseum of Natural History. All Rights Reserved. Additional comments included by the Nomenclature Specialist of the CITES Animals Committee (indicated by "NC comment") Reproduction for commercial purposes prohibited. CoP17 Doc. 81.1 Annex 5 - p. 1 Amphibian Species covered by this Checklist listed by listed by CITES EC- as well as Family Species Regulation EC 338/97 Regulation only 338/97 ANURA Aromobatidae Allobates femoralis X Aromobatidae Allobates hodli X Aromobatidae Allobates myersi X Aromobatidae Allobates zaparo X Aromobatidae Anomaloglossus rufulus X Bufonidae Altiphrynoides malcolmi X Bufonidae Altiphrynoides osgoodi X Bufonidae Amietophrynus channingi X Bufonidae Amietophrynus superciliaris X Bufonidae Atelopus zeteki X Bufonidae Incilius periglenes X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides asperginis X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides cryptus X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides frontierei X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides laevis X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides laticeps X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides minutus X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides paulae X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides poyntoni X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides pseudotornieri X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides tornieri X Bufonidae Nectophrynoides vestergaardi -
Ranas Salamandras Y Caecilias (Tetrapoda :Amphibia) De Colombia
Biota Colombiana ISSN: 0124-5376 [email protected] Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos "Alexander von Humboldt" Colombia Acosta Galvis, Andrés Rymel Ranas, Salamandras y Caecilias (Tetrapoda: Anphibia) de Colombia Biota Colombiana, vol. 1, núm. 3, diciembre, 2000, pp. 289-319 Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos "Alexander von Humboldt" Bogotá, Colombia Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=49110303 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Muñoz-QuesadaBiota Colombiana 1 (3) 289 - 319, 2000 Trichoptera of Colombia - 289 Ranas, Salamandras y Caecilias (Tetrapoda: Amphibia) de Colombia Andrés Rymel Acosta-Galvis Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Apartado Aéreo 15098, Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. [email protected] Palabras Clave: Colombia, Amphibia, Diversidad, Distribución, Lista de Especies Con una amplia variedad de ambientes producto de la factores como la existencia de colecciones que hasta el pre- interacción de procesos bióticos y abióticos, Colombia es sente no han sido reportadas en la literatura y la ausencia uno de los países neotropicales con mayor número de de inventarios sistematizados en zonas inexploradas cientí- vertebrados en el ámbito global, ocupando el primer lugar ficamente. Entre éstas podemos enumerar: las zonas -
Piemontano Oriental
guía dinámica de los anfibios del bosque piemontano oriental santiago ron coordinador editorial Lista de especies Número de especies: 134 Anura Hemiphractidae Gastrotheca testudinea, Rana marsupial de Jimenez de la Espada Gastrotheca weinlandii, Rana marsupial de Weinland Gastrotheca andaquiensis, Rana marsupial de Andaqui Hemiphractus proboscideus, Rana de cabeza triangular de Sumaco Hemiphractus scutatus, Rana de cabeza triangular cornuda incubadora Hemiphractus bubalus, Rana de cabeza triangular de Ecuador Hemiphractus helioi, Rana de cabeza triangular del Cuzco Bufonidae Atelopus boulengeri, Jambato de Boulenger Atelopus planispina, Jambato de planispina Atelopus spumarius, Jambato amazónico Atelopus palmatus, Jambato de Andersson Rhaebo ecuadorensis, Sapo gigante ecuatoriano Rhinella marina, Sapo de la caña Rhinella festae, Sapo del Valle de Santiago Rhinella ceratophrys, Sapo cornudo termitero Rhinella margaritifera, Sapo común sudamericano Rhinella dapsilis, Sapo orejón Rhinella poeppigii, Sapo de Monobamba Amazophrynella minuta, Sapo diminuto de hojarasca Centrolenidae Centrolene charapita, Cochranella resplendens, Rana de cristal resplandeciente Hyalinobatrachium pellucidum, Rana de cristal fantasma Nymphargus cochranae, Rana de cristal de Cochran Nymphargus chancas, Rana de cristal del Perú Nymphargus mariae, Rana de cristal de María Espadarana durrellorum, Rana de cristal de Jambué Rulyrana flavopunctata, Rana de cristal de puntos amarillos Rulyrana mcdiarmidi, Rana de cristal del Río Jambue Teratohyla midas, Rana de cristal -
Guía Dinámica De Los Anfibios Del Bosque Húmedo Tropical Amazónico
guía dinámica de los anfibios del bosque húmedo tropical amazónico santiago ron coordinador editorial Lista de especies Número de especies: 182 Anura Hemiphractidae Gastrotheca longipes, Rana marsupial de Pastaza Hemiphractus proboscideus, Rana de cabeza triangular de Sumaco Hemiphractus scutatus, Rana de cabeza triangular cornuda incubadora Hemiphractus bubalus, Rana de cabeza triangular de Ecuador Hemiphractus helioi, Rana de cabeza triangular del Cuzco Bufonidae Atelopus spumarius, Jambato amazónico Rhaebo ecuadorensis, Sapo gigante ecuatoriano Rhaebo guttatus, Sapo gigante de Cuyabeno Rhinella marina, Sapo de la caña Rhinella festae, Sapo del Valle de Santiago Rhinella ceratophrys, Sapo cornudo termitero Rhinella roqueana, Sapo de Roque Rhinella margaritifera, Sapo común sudamericano Rhinella proboscidea, Sapo hocicudo Rhinella dapsilis, Sapo orejón Rhinella poeppigii, Sapo de Monobamba Amazophrynella minuta, Sapo diminuto de hojarasca Centrolenidae Cochranella resplendens, Rana de cristal resplandeciente Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense, Rana de cristal de Yuruani Hyalinobatrachium munozorum, Rana de cristal del Napo Hyalinobatrachium ruedai, Rana de cristal de Rueda Hyalinobatrachium yaku, Rana de cristal yaku Nymphargus laurae, Rana de cristal de Laura Nymphargus mariae, Rana de cristal de María Espadarana durrellorum, Rana de cristal de Jambué Teratohyla midas, Rana de cristal del Aguarico Teratohyla amelie, Rana de cristal de Amelie Vitreorana ritae, Rana de cristal de puntos negros Ceratophryidae Ceratophrys cornuta, Sapo bocón -
Standard Guidelines for the Captive Keeping of Anurans
Standard Guidelines for the Captive Keeping of Anurans Developed by the Workgroup Anurans of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Herpetologie und Terrarienkunde (DGHT) e. V. Informations about the booklet The amphibian table benefi ted from the participation of the following specialists: Dr. Beat Akeret: Zoologist, Ecologist and Scientist in Nature Conserva- tion; President of the DGHT Regional Group Switzerland and the DGHT City Group Zurich Dr. Samuel Furrer: Zoologist; Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles of the Zurich Zoological Gardens (until 2017) Prof. Dr. Stefan Lötters: Zoologist; Docent at the University of Trier for Herpeto- logy, specialising in amphibians; Member of the Board of the DGHT Workgroup Anurans Dr. Peter Janzen: Zoologist, specialising in amphibians; Chairman and Coordinator of the Conservation Breeding Project “Amphibian Ark” Detlef Papenfuß, Ulrich Schmidt, Ralf Schmitt, Stefan Ziesmann, Frank Malz- korn: Members of the Board of the DGHT Workgroup Anurans Dr. Axel Kwet: Zoologist, amphibian specialist; Management and Editorial Board of the DGHT Bianca Opitz: Layout and Typesetting Thomas Ulber: Translation, Herprint International A wide range of other specialists provided important additional information and details that have been Oophaga pumilio incorporated in the amphibian table. Poison Dart Frog page 2 Foreword Dear Reader, keeping anurans in an expertly manner means taking an interest in one of the most fascinating groups of animals that, at the same time, is a symbol of the current threats to global biodiversity and an indicator of progressing climate change. The contribution that private terrarium keeping is able to make to researching the biology of anurans is evident from the countless publications that have been the result of individuals dedicating themselves to this most attractive sector of herpetology. -
First Record of the Genus Microcaecilia Taylor, 1968 (Amphibia, Gymnophiona: Siphonopidae) from Peru
Herpetology Notes, volume 8: 55-57 (2015) (published online on 10 March 2015) First record of the genus Microcaecilia Taylor, 1968 (Amphibia, Gymnophiona: Siphonopidae) from Peru Jhon J. López-Rojas1,* and Devon Graham2,3 Abstract. We report the first record of the genus Microcaecilia in Peru from lowland, primary rainforest in Loreto, adding to its previously known geographic range from northwestern Colombia; Ecuador through southern Venezuela to the Guianas and São Paulo, Brazil. Two individuals of a species of this genus of small caecilians were found in deep leaf litter at the Reserva Forestal Santa Cruz, located approximately 30 km northeast of the city of Iquitos. We refer to these specimens as Microcaecilia sp. because of the current difficulty in confidently determining their identity. Among caecilian amphibians (Gymnophiona) of the al 2004b); and M. pricei, is known from the high family Siphonopidae Bonaparte, 1850 resurrected by elevations of the Cauca River Valley, in the Department Wilkinson et al. (2011), Microcaecilia Taylor, 1968 of Quindio, from the eastern region of the Department is the most speciose genus, currently containing 15 of Antioquia (Río Claro), and also from the Department species of small caecilians, including the recently of Santander (El Centro), occuring between 200 and described Microcaecilia savagei Donnelly and Wake, 2000m asl (Frost, 2014, Castro et al 2004c), both native 2013; M. dermatophaga Wilkinson, Sherratt, Starace, to Colombia. Microcaecilia albiceps has a previously and Gower, 2013; and M. marvaleewakeae Maciel recorded distribution along the Amazonian slopes of and Hoogmoed, 2013. The genus is so far known from the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador (Napo Province) the eastern Amazonian slopes in Ecuador, Colombia and Colombia (Caquetá) at 300 and 800m asl (Castro and Venezuela, as well as in Guyana, Suriname, and et al., 2004a; Amphibian web, 2012; Frost, 2014), and Brazil (Frost, 2014). -
Twenty-Fifth Meeting of the Animals Committee
AC25 Doc. 22 (Rev. 1) Annex 3 (English only / únicamente en inglés / seulement en anglais) Annex 3 Fauna: new species and other changes relating to species listed in the EC wildlife trade regulations – Report compiled by UNEP-WCMC to the European Commission, March, 2011 AC25 Doc. 22 (Rev. 1) Annex 3 – p. 1 Fauna: new species and other taxonomic changes relating to species listed in the EC wildlife trade regulations March, 2011 A report to the European Commission Directorate General E - Environment ENV.E.2. – Environmental Agreements and Trade by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre AC25 Doc. 22 (Rev. 1) Annex 3 – p. 2 UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 0DL United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 1223 277314 Fax: +44 (0) 1223 277136 Email: [email protected] Website: www.unep-wcmc.org CITATION UNEP-WCMC. 2011. Fauna: new species and other taxonomic changes relating to species ABOUT UNEP-WORLD CONSERVATION listed in the EC wildlife trade regulations. A MONITORING CENTRE report to the European Commission. UNEP- The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring WCMC, Cambridge. Centre (UNEP-WCMC), based in Cambridge, UK, is the specialist biodiversity information and assessment centre of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), run PREPARED FOR cooperatively with WCMC, a UK charity. The The European Commission, Brussels, Belgium Centre's mission is to evaluate and highlight the many values of biodiversity and put authoritative biodiversity knowledge at the DISCLAIMER centre of decision-making. Through the analysis and synthesis of global biodiversity knowledge The contents of this report do not necessarily the Centre provides authoritative, strategic and reflect the views or policies of UNEP or timely information for conventions, countries contributory organisations. -
Index of CITES Species 2019-06
CITES Secretariat UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre International Environment House 219 Huntingdon Road 15, Chemin des Anémones Cambridge CH 1219 Châtelaine (Geneva) CB3 0DL Switzerland United Kingdom Tel: + 41 (0) 22 917 81 39/40 Tel: +44 (0) 1223 277314 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.cites.org Website: www.unep-wcmc.org Copyright: 2014 CITES Secretariat / United Nations Environment Programme CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) is an international agreement between governments. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. At the time of writing the present introduction (September 2013), 178 countries were party to CITES. The United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is the specialist biodiversity assessment centre of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organization. The Centre has been in operation for over 30 years, combining scientific research with practical policy advice. This publication may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission, provided acknowledgement to the source is made. Reuse of any figures is subject to permission from the copyrights holders. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose without permission in writing from the CITES Secretariat. Applications for permission, with a statement of purpose and extent of reproduction, should be sent to the CITES Secretariat, International Environment House, 15, Chemin des Anémones, CH 1219 Châtelaine (Geneva), Switzerland. The geographical designations employed in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the compilers, the CITES Secretariat or the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
TAXONOMIC REVISION of RANITOMEYA Zootaxa 3083 © 2011 Magnolia Press · 3 TERMS of USE This Pdf Is Provided by Magnolia Press for Private/Research Use
TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Zootaxa 3083: 1–120 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 3083 A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical poison frog genus Ranitomeya (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) 1 2 3 4 JASON L. BROWN *, EVAN TWOMEY , ADOLFO AMÉZQUITA , MOISÉS BARBOSA DE SOUZA , JANA- LEE P. CALDWELL5, STEFAN LÖTTERS6, RUDOLF VON MAY7, PAULO ROBERTO MELO-SAMPAIO4, DANIEL MEJÍA-VARGAS8, PEDRO PEREZ-PEÑA9, MARK PEPPER10, ERIK H. POELMAN11, MANUEL SANCHEZ-RODRIGUEZ12 & KYLE SUMMERS2 1. Biology Department, Duke University, Durham NC 27701, USA 2. Biology Department, East Carolina University, Greenville NC 27858, USA 3. Universidad de los Andes, Department of Biological Sciences, Bogotá, Colombia 4. Universidade Federal do Acre, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, BR 364 km 04 Distrito Industrial, CEP 69.915-900 Rio Branco AC, Brazil 5. Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Department of Zoology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA 6. Biogeography Department, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany 7. Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami FL 33199, USA 8. Associate Researcher, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia 9. Wildlife Conservation Society, Malecón Tarapaca 332, Iquitos Perú. 10. Understory Enterprises Inc., Charing Cross, Ontario Canada, N0P 1G0 11. Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, the Netherlands 12. Understory Enterprises Inc., Iquitos, Peru *[email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by M. -
Comparative Morphology of Caecilian Sperm (Amphibia: Gymnophiona)
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY 221:261-276 (1994) Com parative Morphology of Caecilian Sperm (Amp h i bi a: Gym nop h ion a) MAFWALEE H. WAKE Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 ABSTRACT The morphology of mature sperm from the testes of 22 genera and 29 species representing all five families of caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnoph- iona) was examined at the light microscope level in order to: (1)determine the effectiveness of silver-staining techniques on long-preserved, rare material, (2) assess the comparative morphology of sperm quantitatively, (3) compare pat- terns of caecilian sperm morphology with that of other amphibians, and (4) determine if sperm morphology presents any characters useful for systematic analysis. Although patterns of sperm morphology are quite consistent intrage- nerically and intrafamilially, there are inconsistencies as well. Two major types of sperm occur among caecilians: those with very long heads and pointed acrosomes, and those with shorter, wider heads and blunt acrosomes. Several taxa have sperm with undulating membranes on the flagella, but limitations of the technique likely prevented full determination of tail morphology among all taxa. Cluster analysis is more appropriate for these data than is phylogenetic analysis. cc: 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Examination of sperm for purposes of describ- ('70), in a general discussion of aspects of ing comparative sperm morphology within sperm morphology, and especially Fouquette and across lineages