Common Buckthorn (Rhamnus Cathartica)

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Common Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) Description Common buckthorn is a shrub or small tree that can grow to 7 m in height and have a trunk up to 25 cm wide. The bark is gray to brown and rough textured when mature. When cut, the inner bark is yellow and the heartwood, pink to orange. Twigs are often tipped with a spine. In spring, dense clusters of 2 to 6, yellow-green, 4- petaled flowers emerge from stems near the bases of leaf stalks. Male and female flowers are borne on separate plants. Has small black fruits about 0.6 cm across. Leaves are broadly oval, rounded or pointed at the tip, with 3-4 pairs of veins, and have jagged, toothed margins. Leaves appear dark, glossy green on the upper surface and stay green late into fall, after most other deciduous leaves have fallen. Key Identifiers Shrub/Tree Roundish, deeply veined leaves; 3-4 veins curve to the leaf tip Thorns at end of stems. Black berries Location in Canada Common buckthorn has become naturalized from Nova Scotia to Saskatchewan. Sporadic trees can be found in Alberta. Resources http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/rhca1.htm Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, bugwood.org (all photos) http://ontariotrees.com/main/species.php?id=2022 http://wiki.bugwood.org/Rhamnus_cathartica#Range: Similar species Alder-leaved Buckthorn (Rhamnus alnifolia) - a low-growing shrub that may grow to a maximum of 3 feet in height, and has leaves with 6-7 pairs of veins. Glossy Buckthorn (Frangula alnus) - does not have a spine at twig tips, leaves are not toothed, and the undersides of the leaves are hairy. .

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Plants That Cause Problems – “Invasive Species” DestinationOakland.com STOP! What is an Invasive Species? Imagine spring wildflowers covered with a mat of twisted green vines. This is a sign that Oakland County Offenders invasive plants have moved in and native species have moved out. Invasive plant species originate in other parts of the world and are introduced into to the United States through flower a variety of ways. Not all plants introduced from other countries become invasive. The term invasive species is reserved for plants that grow and reproduce rapidly, causing changes to the areas where they become established. Invasive species impact our health, our economy seed and the environment, and can cost the United States $120 billion annually! flower pod flower A Ticking Time Bomb Growing unnoticed at first, invasive species spread and cover the landscape. They change the seed pod fruit ecology, affecting wildlife communities and the soil. Over time, invasive plant species form a monoculture in which the only plant growing is the invasive plant. Plants with Super Powers Invasive species have super powers to alter the ecological balance of nature. They flourish seed because controls in their native lands do not exist here. The Nature Conservancy ranks invasive species as the second leading cause of species extinction worldwide. Negative Effects of Invasive Species • Changes in hydrology— seed dispersal wetlands dry out • Release of chemicals into the soil that inhibit Black Swallow-wort Cynanchum louiseae & the growth of other plants. This is known as Pale Swallow-wort Cynanchum rossicum Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellate Garlic Mustard Allaria periolata Allelopathy.
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The Habitat Preference of the Invasive Common Buckthorn in West Holland Sub-Watershed, Ontario
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Plant Conservation Alliance®S Alien Plant Working Group Common
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Common Buckthorn
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Common Buckthorn Rhamnus Cathartica
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Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control PROCEEDINGS: SYMPOSIUM ON THE BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, AND MANAGEMENT OF GARLIC MUSTARD (ALLIARIA PETIOLATA) AND EUROPEAN BUCKTHORN (RHAMNUS CATHARTICA) LUKE C. SKINNER, EDITOR FHTET-2005-09 September 2005 U.S. Department Forest FHTET Minnesota Department of Agriculture Service of Natural Resources he Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created in 1995 Tby the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry, USDA Forest Service, to develop and deliver technologies to protect and improve the health of American forests. This book was published by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series. http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/ Cover photo. Clockwise from upper left: C. alliariae, Oberea pedemeontana, patch of Alliaria Petiolata (garlic mustard), closeup of Alliaria Petiolata, closeup of Rhamnus cathar- tica (buckthorn), Rhamnus cathartica under leafless canopy, C. scrobicollis. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call 202-720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for information only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S.
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Rhamnus Cathartica, R. Davurica
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Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids
Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids . elms, mulberries, legumes . we will be seeing, in the next few lectures, many of the woody plants (trees/shrubs) present at your sites Rhamnaceae - buckthorn family A large family of trees and shrubs in the tropics and temperate areas. In Wisconsin we have 2 genera (Rhamnus and Ceanothus) and 6 species. Several are some of our most invasive shrubs in the forest sites you will study. Many of our species are armed with thorns Leaves are simple and alternate or opposite often with arcuate venation (arcing along the edge) Rhamnus cathartica - European or common buckthorn [invasive] common 401 final exam shrub! Rhamnaceae - buckthorn family A large family of trees and shrubs in the tropics and temperate areas. In Wisconsin we have 2 genera (Rhamnus and Ceanothus) and 6 species. Several are some of our most invasive shrubs in the forest sites you will study. Many of our species are armed with thorns Leaves are simple and alternate or opposite often with arcuate venation (arcing along the edge) Inner bark is bright green Rhamnus cathartica - European or common buckthorn [invasive] common 401 final exam shrub! Rhamnaceae - buckthorn family A large family of trees and shrubs in the tropics and temperate areas. In Wisconsin we have 2 genera (Rhamnus and Ceanothus) and 6 species. Several are some of our most invasive shrubs in the forest sites you will study. CA 4,5 CO 4,5 A 4,5 G (3) Flowers 4 or 5 merous (4 merous shown in common buckthorn) Stamens opposite the petals - unusual in flowering plants! Rhamnus cathartica - European or common buckthorn [invasive] common 401 final exam shrub! Rhamnaceae - buckthorn family A large family of trees and shrubs in the tropics and temperate areas.
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