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Joint Assessment Mission (Jam) 2008

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Joint Assessment Mission (Jam) 2008 JOINT ASSESSMENT MISSION (JAM) 2008 The Humanitarian Crisis Created by the Displacement of Sudanese Refugees and Internally-Displaced Persons in Eastern Chad September 9-17, 2008 WFP – UNHCR With the participation of CNAR, FAO, UNICEF, USAID/OFDA, the Embassy of France, and Feed the Children 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................................ 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................ 4 RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES..................................................................................................................... 4 METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................................................................... 6 BASIC FACTS.............................................................................................................................................. 7 THE NATURE OF THE CRISIS ....................................................................................................................... 7 POPULATION............................................................................................................................................... 8 GEOGRAPHY............................................................................................................................................. 11 PROTECTION ........................................................................................................................................... 11 COHABITATION AND COMPETITION .......................................................................................................... 12 GENDER.................................................................................................................................................... 13 CHILDREN ................................................................................................................................................ 14 SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS.............................................................................................................. 14 PERSONS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS ............................................................................................................... 15 REGISTRATION ......................................................................................................................................... 15 RECOMMENDATIONS RELATING TO PROTECTION ..................................................................................... 15 FOOD AID AND FOOD SECURITY....................................................................................................... 17 ACCESS .................................................................................................................................................... 18 UTILIZATION ............................................................................................................................................ 20 FOOD AID ................................................................................................................................................. 21 SELF-RELIANCE........................................................................................................................................ 22 IN SUMMARY............................................................................................................................................ 22 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................23 HEALTH, NUTRITION AND WATER & SANITATION.................................................................... 24 HEALTH.................................................................................................................................................... 24 NUTRITION ............................................................................................................................................... 25 WATER AND SANITATION......................................................................................................................... 26 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................27 LOGISTICS................................................................................................................................................ 28 THE PIPELINE ........................................................................................................................................... 28 ACCESSIBILITY ......................................................................................................................................... 28 STORAGE .................................................................................................................................................. 29 COMMODITY QUALITY CONTROL............................................................................................................. 29 COORDINATION ........................................................................................................................................ 30 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................30 PARTNERSHIPS, PLANNING AND OTHER ISSUES ........................................................................ 31 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................ MEMBERS OF THE MISSION ...................................................................................................................... 33 MISSION ITINERARY ................................................................................................................................. 33 PEOPLE/ORGANIZATIONS ENCOUNTERED................................................................................................. 35 REVIEW OF PREVIOUS JAM RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................... 37 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................... 42 MAPS........................................................................................................................................................ 44 2 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Refugee Populations in Eastern Chad Table 2: IDP Populations in Eastern Chad Table 3: Average Levels of Food Consumption (Refugees, IDPs, Host Populations) Table 4: Planned Road Rehabilitation Projects EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A multi-agency team of fifteen persons visited six refugee camps and two IDP sites in eastern Chad over a period of eight days (not including a de-briefing in Abeché). Given the scale and scope of the humanitarian crisis in that part of the country, it was not the intention of the team to collect detailed statistical information already gathered and documented in a number of surveys, investigations and assessments carried out by UNHCR, WFP, UN agencies and NGOs. With extremely limited time and a broad universe of persons affected by the crisis, the team only sought to validate and provide real-time context to available information. It also hoped to identify recent trends or tendencies, as well as capture key stakeholders’ perceptions of short and medium-term prospects. What the JAM found was a large, complex problem which is rooted in insecurity in eastern Chad and in the Darfur Region of Sudan. Over 245,000 refugees and over 180,000 IDPs temporarily reside in close proximity to much smaller host populations, some for up to five years now. International humanitarian assistance has stabilized the situation; but that stability is precarious. Cohabitation among different ethnic/tribal groups, competition for scarce natural resources (notably water, agricultural and grazing land, and fuel wood), and already weak livelihoods among the host population have contributed to heightened levels of frustration, tensions and even violence. Persons who met with the JAM were unanimously of the opinion that the current environment of insecurity which has brought about massive displacement will not be solved in the coming months - maybe even years. More pessimistic observers fear that the situation will worsen, and with that, the scale and scope of the crisis of displacement in the region will increase. Basic humanitarian assistance will be required by refugees and IDPs for the foreseeable future. The JAM noted that the humanitarian crisis should not be strictly segmented into refugee and IDP humanitarian problems, in addition to host population development problems. The three are inter-related. Their solutions are to be found through a combination of humanitarian and development/early recovery approaches. As the length of displacement continues, more attention and resources will need to be focused on livelihoods approaches that involve higher levels of beneficiary participation
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