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Risk Management for Collections

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Risk Management for Collections Risk management for collections Which measures are most effective to reduce the likelihood of water damage in the museum? Does the lighting of the print collection need adjusting? Does the museum really need complete Risk climate control? Every day collection managers have to decide how to best let the public enjoy our cultural heritage. They weigh the benefits of collection use against the risks for preservation. When management resources are limited it is essential to allocate them such that threats of degradation can be minimalized as effectively as possible. Risk management offers a practical and useful approach for comparing the options and setting priorities. With this publication the Cultural Heritage for Agency of the Netherlands hopes to provide the knowledge that is required to analyse and manage risks to collections. collections J03-034 Risicomanagement UK DEF.indd 4-1 25-10-17 14:06 Risk management for collections J03-034 Risicomanagement UK DEF.indd 1 25-10-17 14:07 Colophon Text: Agnes Brokerhof, Bart Ankersmit and Frank Ligterink Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands Interviews: Anne Versloot Editor: David Saunders Cover photo: the first summer exhibition at the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, in 2003 showed the work of Henry Moore. Transportation and installation of the heavy bronze sculptures required appropriate preparation (photo Bart Ankersmit). Photos: by the authors unless otherwise stated Design: uNiek-Design, Almere Production: Xeox/OBT, The Hague ISBN/EAN: 9789057992834 [email protected] www.cultureelerfgoed.nl © Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, Amersfoort, April 2017 Original title: Risicomanagement voor collecties, Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, Amersfoort, July 2016 This publication originates from the Dutch application Het Digitale Handboek Collectie-Risicomanagement (The Digital Handbook for Collection Risk Management, 2013) developed by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (RCE) and is an English translation of the pdf- version of the application that was published in 2016. It includes contributions by Marja Peek and Bill Wei. For this publication, the original texts have been revised, updated and some international context has been provided. The ABC method described in this publication was developed by the Canadian Conservation Institute (CCI, Stefan Michalski, Irene Karsten, Julie Stevenson, Jean Tétreault, Tom Strang and Paul Marcon) within a project in partnership with ICCROM (Catherine Antomarchi, José Luiz Pedersoli and Isabelle Verger) and RCE (Agnes Brokerhof, Bart Ankersmit and Frank Ligterink), with contributions from Vesna Zivkovic (Serbia), Veerle Meul (Belgium), Jonathan Ashley-Smith (England) and Robert Waller (Canada). The QuiskScan method was developed by RCE (Agnes Brokerhof) together with the British Museum (Anna Bülow). Special thanks are extended to the museums in Leyden, Heritage Leyden and the RCE Collections Department, Rijswijk, who participated in the QuiskScan trials during the ‘Leyden Pilot Risk Management’ project in 2014–2015. Every effort has been made to trace and contact copyright holders of the images published here. In the event of any inadvertent omission please contact the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (www.culturalheritageagency.nl/en). J03-034 Risicomanagement UK DEF.indd 2 25-10-17 14:07 Content Preface 7 Fire 95 Scenarios for fire 95 Introduction 9 Introduction 95 Fire pentagon 95 The risk management process 19 Fire development 97 In practice 19 Smoke 97 Step 1 – Establish the context 20 Fire classes 98 Step 2 – Collection assessment and valuation 21 Sources 99 Step 3 QuiskScan track – Vulnerability and potential Frequency of fire in museums 99 loss of value 26 Pathways and barriers 99 Step 3 ABC track – Identify risks 28 Objects and their vulnerability 100 Step 4 ABC track – Analyse risks 32 Options for risk reduction 100 Step 5 ABC track – Evaluate risks 38 Fire extinguishers 102 Step 6 – Reduce risks 40 Level of control 103 Final report 41 Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude References and further reading 43 of risk for specific risk scenarios 104 Relationship with other agents of deterioration 105 Agents of deterioration and scenario schemes 47 References and further reading 106 Agents of deterioration 47 From complex to structured 48 Thieves and vandals 109 Scenario schemes 48 Scenarios for thieves and vandals 109 Working with scenario schemes 51 Introduction 109 References and further reading 52 Vandalism 110 Types of theft 111 Physical forces 55 Motive 111 Scenarios for physical forces 55 Frequency 112 Introduction 55 Place and time 112 Sources – probability and impact 58 Sources of vandalism 112 Pathways and barriers 62 Pathways and barriers 112 Objects and their vulnerability 62 Objects and their vulnerability 115 Options for risk reduction 64 Options for risk reduction 115 Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude of Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude of risk for specific risk scenarios 64 risk for specific risk scenarios 119 Relationship with other agents of deterioration 65 Relationship with other agents of deterioration 121 References and further reading 68 References and further reading 122 Water 73 Pests and plants 127 Scenarios for water 73 Scenarios for pests and plants 127 Introduction 73 Introduction 127 Sources 75 Insect types 128 Internal sources 80 Sources and entry routes 130 Pathways and barriers 80 Pathways and barriers 131 Objects and their vulnerability 84 Objects and their vulnerability 131 Options for risk reduction 84 Options for risk reduction 131 Example of QuiskScan water risks 88 Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude of Relationship with other agents of deterioration 90 risk for specific risk scenarios 132 References and further reading 91 Relationship with other agents of deterioration 133 References and further reading 134 J03-034 Risicomanagement UK DEF.indd 3 25-10-17 14:07 Security starts with awareness, procedures for access to the building and collection and high quality locks. Seals show immediately whether someone has been inside J03-034 Risicomanagement UK DEF.indd 4 25-10-17 14:07 Light, ultraviolet and infrared radiation 137 Dissociation 179 Scenarios for light, UV and IR radiation 137 Scenarios for dissociation 179 Introduction 137 Introduction 179 Sources and intensities 140 From source to effect 180 Pathways and barriers 140 Options for risk reduction 183 Objects and their vulnerability 140 Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude of Options for risk reduction 141 risk for specific risk scenarios 184 Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude of Relationship with other agents of deterioration 186 risk for specific risk scenarios 142 References and further reading 187 Relationship with other agents of deterioration 142 References and further reading 145 Other agents of deterioration 189 Contaminants 147 Appendix 191 Scenarios for contaminants 147 QuiskScan form 191 Introduction 147 ABC-scores 192 Air pollution (gases, vapours, particulates and dust) 147 Scenario form 193 Liquids 149 Risk evalution form 194 Solids 151 Sources 151 Interviews Pathways and barriers 151 Martijn de Ruijter 17 Objects and their vulnerability 153 Anna Bülow 45 Options for risk reduction 156 Henk Porck 53 Materials for storage and exhibition 158 Hans Hooijmaijers 71 Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude of Janien Kemp 93 risk for specific risk scenarios 159 Manon Borst 107 Relationship with other agents of deterioration 161 Marieke de Jongh 125 References and further reading 162 Jeroen Bergers 135 Margrit Reuss 163 Incorrect indoor climate 165 Rob Wolthoorn 177 Scenarios for incorrect indoor climate 165 Introduction 165 Sources and pathways 165 Exposure 167 Effects 168 Options for risk reduction 169 Rules of thumb for determining the magnitude of risk for specific risk scenarios 171 Proofed fluctuations 174 Relationship with other agents of deterioration 174 References and further reading 175 J03-034 Risicomanagement UK DEF.indd 5 25-10-17 14:07 6 Risk management for collections — A brainstorming session can be held to collect preliminary risks by writing cause-and-effect cards for all agents of deterioration J03-034 Risicomanagement UK DEF.indd 6 25-10-17 14:07 7 — Preface Heritage connects us to the past, present and future. After all, this publication were developed in close collaboration with the as our legacy from the past, heritage gives meaning to our Canadian Conservation Institute (CCI), the International Centre present to such an extent that we would like to pass it on to for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural future generations. Those who manage and curate heritage play Property in Rome (ICCROM), the British Museum and other an important role in this, ensuring that our heritage is not only heritage organisations. preserved, but also used responsibly. This tool makes expertise and information about risk assessment Preservation and responsible use of heritage collections is a and risk management easily accessible. It assists in answering continuous fight against the threats facing them. Thousands of questions such as: how does one exhibit objects responsibly, potential risks could lead to loss. Fire, water, theft, vandalism, what are the priorities for a preservation strategy, what climatic pests, contaminants, light and UV radiation, custodial neglect: conditions are adequate, and have appropriate security these are only a few of the looming threats to heritage measures been taken? Questions that every collection
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