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WALLONIE ESPACE INFOS N 44 Mai-Juin 2009 WALLONIE ESPACE INFOS n°85 mars-avril 2016 WALLONIE ESPACE INFOS n°85 mars-avril 2016 Bulletin bimestriel de l’association Wallonie Espace Wallonie Espace WSL, Liege Science Park, Rue des Chasseurs Ardennais, B-4301 Angleur-Liège, Belgique Tel. 32 (0)4 3729329 Skywin Aerospace Cluster of Wallonia Chemin du Stockoy, 3, B-1300 Wavre, Belgique Contact: Michel Stassart, e-mail: [email protected] Le présent bulletin d’infos en format pdf est disponible sur le site de Wallonie Espace (www.wallonie-espace.be), sur le portal de l’Euro Space Center/Belgium, sur le site du pôle Skywin (http://www.skywin.be). SOMMAIRE : Thèmes : articles Mentions Wallonie Espace Page Actualité : Nouveaux noms au panthéon industriel, décès de l’historien Techspace Aero, ULg, CSL, 2 du spatial européen Hervé Moulin, dossier Cité Ardente de l’espace (3 Thales Alenia Space Belgium, exoplanètes « habitables », le bébé-lune liégeois OUFTI-1), infos du rectorat de l’ULg 1. Politique spatiale/EU + ESA: Enquête européenne sur la stratégie 7 spatiale, la mine pâle de la Russie spatiale, Corée du Nord non admise à l’IAF, budget spatial indien en légère hausse, tableau mondial des constellations en service et en projet, 2. Accès à l'espace/Arianespace : Mobilisation européenne pour contrer SABCA, Thales Alenia Space 20 SpaceX, 1er lancement au complexe Soyouz de Vostochny, menace H-3 Belgium du Japon pour Ariane 6, micro-lanceur US baptisé Vector 3. Télédétection/GMES : Surveillance continue du globe par des 30 constellations, impact de la révolution Terra Bella de Google 4. Télécommunications/télévision : haut débit global pour ABS et Thales Alenia Space 32 Viasat, 1er comsat pour le Bangladesh, Complément MEO et LEO pour les opérateurs GEO 5. Navigation/Galileo : Galileo ILS à Transinne-Libin ESA BIC Galaxia, RSS, 33 VitroCiset Belgium 6. Sécurité/Défense : « Satellites espions » exportés par la France 34 WEI n°85 2016-02 - 1 WALLONIE ESPACE INFOS n°85 mars-avril 2016 7. Science/Cosmic Vision : Vive ExoMars 2020 ! 34 8. Exploration/Aurora : Prochaine décennie sous le signe de la Lune, 35 SpaceX dès 2019 sur la Planète Rouge, partenariat Luxembourg & Deep Space Industries pour l’exploitation commerciale des ressources du système solaire 9. Vols habités/International Space Station : Nouveaux bonds en avant 37 pour la Chine spatiale, présentation des vols habités chinois et du programme CSS (China Space Station), notre « Mr Microgravity » en Chine 10. Débris spatiaux/SSA : Satellites qui deviennent des épaves 39 11. Tourisme spatial : 3ème réutilisation réussie de la capsule Blue Origin 39 12. Petits satellites/Technologie/Incubation : Descendance assurée pour ULg 40 OUFTI-1 avec des Cubesats belges 13. Education/formation aux sciences et techniques spatiales : Euro Euro Space Center, ESA Redu 40 Space Center à l’heure chinoise (parcours en mandarin), ESA Space Academy à Redu-Libin 14. Wallonie-Bruxelles dans l'espace : Les 20 ans de Wallonie Espace - Skywin, Amos, Gillam, UCL, 41 Missions spatiales (lancements récents) ULg, ULB, CSL, Sonaca, Spacebel, Thales Alenia Space Belgium , SABCA, Techspace Aero, Cegelec, Redu Space Services, VitroCiset Belgium 15. Calendrier 2015-2016 d’événements spatiaux pour la Belgique Euro Space Center, ULg, 44 WSLlux, ESA BIC « Galaxia », Sonaca, VitroCiset Belgium, Techspace Aero, Thales Alenia Space Belgium, CSL Annexes-tableaux (en anglais) : Les prochaines missions de l’Europe ULg, CSL 46 dans l’espace (2016-2024) - Palmarès des succès à l’exportation de l’industrie spatiale européenne - Commandes à venir pour les satellites civils de télécommunications et de télévision Dossiers et livres sur l’odyssée de l’espace Amos, EHP, Thales Alenia Space 62 Belgium, CSL, LambdaX, Deltatec, Sonaca, Techspace Aero/Safran Aero Boosters, Cenaero, SABCA Safran Aero Boosters, Leonardo, Ariane Industries? Nouveaux noms d’industriels pour davantage de dynamisme Trois nouveaux noms vont faire leur apparition au panthéon européen des acteurs industriels du transport spatial, ayant leur assise en France: WEI n°85 2016-02 - 2 WALLONIE ESPACE INFOS n°85 mars-avril 2016 - Safran Aero Boosters est, à partir de ce 12 mai, le nouveau de Techspace Aero. Le groupe français entend rappeler son empreinte sur ce qui était FN Moteurs à Milmort- Herstal. - Ariane Industries pourrait être, dès cet été, le nouveau nom d’Airbus Safran Launchers, une fois que sera finalisé le transfert de fonds et du personnel de Safran à Airbus Safran Launchers. - Leonardo sera à partir du 1er janvier 2017 le nouveau nom du groupe industriel italien Finmeccanica, en référence au génial humaniste Leonardo da Vinci. Thales Alenia Space et Telespazio représentent les systèmes spatiaux au sein de ce groupe. Des infos ont circulé que Avio, maître d’œuvre des lanceurs Vega, pourrait le rejoindre à brève échéance. Hervé Moulin (1946-2016): l’astronautique européenne a perdu trop tôt son grand historien de la première heure L’odyssée de l’espace s’est développée de manière spectaculaire, à la vitesse de l’éclair grâce à l’action de pionniers volontaires. Notamment en France et en Europe. L’essor rapide de cette belle et brillante aventure qui a marqué la seconde moitié du XXème siècle ne pouvait être ignorée des générations de ce XXIème siècle. Hervé Moulin, électrotechnicien, a vite compris qu’il fallait pour les jeunes préserver la mémoire de ces ingénieurs, chercheurs et techniciens qui ont fait éclore une Europe spatiale. Déjà en septembre 1971, il participe à la première session de Space Education du Congrès international d’Astronautique, à Bruxelles. Il deviendra une cheville ouvrière de l’IAF (International Astronautical Congress), aux côtés de son épouse, Annie Moulin qui en dirigea le secrétariat de 1995 à 2009, après avoir participé à plusieurs Congrès dès 1982 à Paris. Hervé a fait éclore au sein de l’IAA (International Academy of Astronautics) le Comité d’Histoire de l’Astronautique, qui s’illustre chaque année au Congrès international d’Astronautique avec des sessions consacrées au passé prestigieux des activités spatiales dans le monde. A ces occasions, nous avions toujours plaisir à retrouver cette personnalité d’un dynamisme discret et d’une efficace curiosité. Au contact de tous les acteurs – ministères, agences, industries, universités et écoles supérieures - H. Moulin n’avait de cesse de répertorier les archives – il fallait à tout prix éviter qu’elles ne s’égarent ni se perdent - et de publier de précieux inventaires qui permettent de ne pas perdre la mémoire de tout ce qui a contribué, sans tapages, voire dans l’ombre, à l’éclosion et au progrès de l’astronautique. En 1999, il mettait sur pied l’IFHE (Institut Français de l’Histoire de l’Espace) qui a son siège au CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales). Le 7 avril, après plusieurs mois d’un cancer incurable, Hervé s’est éteint avec le sentiment du devoir accompli. Il aura surtout réalisé son rêve de décrocher, avec mention Très Honorable et félicitations du jury, le titre de docteur en Histoire de l’Université de la Sorbonne. En défendant en janvier 2012 une thèse - désormais incontournable vu la pertinence de ses recherches et la richesse de ses informations (plus de 1000 pages) - sur « La politique spatiale de la France 1945-1975 : indépendance, innovation et dynamique européenne ». Le Professeur Robert Halleux, académicien en France et directeur du CHST (Centre d’Histoire des Sciences et WEI n°85 2016-02 - 3 WALLONIE ESPACE INFOS n°85 mars-avril 2016 Techniques) de l’ULg, prévoit - dans le cadre de l’ESA History Project - la parution prochaine de l’étude universitaire de Hervé Moulin sous la forme d’un ouvrage « grand public » dans la collection « Explorations » des Editions Beauchesne de Paris. Dossier Cité Ardente de l’Espace A dix jours d’intervalle, l’Université de Liège (ULg) a « conquis » le monde de l’astronomie et de l’astronautique grâce à ses Départements que sont AGO (Astrophysique, Géophysique et Océanographie), Aérospatiale (alias LTAS) et Institut Montéfiore. Ils sont à la base des seules maîtrises Science & Technologie spatiale qui sont enseignées dans la Communauté française Wallonie-Bruxelles. Trois exoplanètes « habitables » mises en évidence par des astrophysiciens liégeois d’AGO Sous la conduite des astrophysiciens Michaël Gillon et Emmanuel Jehin, une équipe de chercheurs du Département Astrophysique, Géophysique et Océanographie de l’ULg a créé le buzz au niveau mondial en révélant dans un article de la revue Nature (numéro du 2 mai 2016), dans le cadre d’un team international, la détection de trois exoplanètes à 40 années-lumière. Grâce au petit télescope télécommandé TRAPPIST (Transiting Planets & Planetesimals Small Telescope) de l’ULg, qui est installé à l’Observatoire La Silla de l’ESO (European Southern Observatory), elle a pu en 2015 déceler la présence de ces planètes « habitables », ayant la taille de la Terre, autour de l’étoile baptisée TRAPPIST-1, qui est « une naine rouge ultrafroide » à peine plus grande que Jupiter. Reste à déterminer leur masse : « C’est un gros challenge, mais on va y arriver. » Les astrophysiciens liégeois misent sur le projet SPECULOOS (Search for habitable Planets Eclipsing Ultra-Cool Stars) pour des observations intensives des transits autour de naines rouges ultra-froides. Il s’agit d’un réseau, officiellement financé en 2017 de façon majoritaire par l’ERC (European Research Council), de quatre télescopes robotiques avec un miroir primaire d’1 m de diamètre, réalisés par Astelco : aux côtés de TRAPPIST, on en aura un au Paranal (Chili) près du VLT (Very large Telescope) de l’ESO), un au Maroc (Observatoire Oukaïmeden), ainsi qu’un en Arabie Séoudite. Heureux lancement en Wallonie spatiale : le nano-satellite liégeois OUFTI-1 est bien né sur orbite! Plus que jamais, Liège, surnommée Cité Ardente, a non seulement la tête dans les étoiles, mais surtout un bébé-lune ! Il est 1 h 50, le 26 avril : un nano-satellite de fabrication liégeoise évolue sur orbite ! OUFTI-1 (Orbital Utility for Telecommunication Innovation) a survécu à l’épreuve de son lancement, comme on a pu très tôt le diagnostiquer en captant au sol de parfaits bip-bips.
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