General Election 2005 17 MAY 2005 [Final Edition – 10 March 2006]
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 General Election 2005 17 MAY 2005 [Final edition – 10 March 2006] This paper presents a summary of the results of the United Kingdom General Election held on 5 May 2005. It provides an analysis of voting nationally and by country, region, county and constituency. It is uses the official results as published by the Electoral Commission and replaces the version of this paper published on 17 May 2005. The results of the postponed contest in South Staffordshire are included. Labour won 355 of the 646 seats contested. The Conservatives won 198 seats and the Liberal Democrats 62. Labour polled 35.2% of the vote, the Conservatives 32.4% and the Liberal Democrats 22.0%. Turnout was 61.4%. Adam Mellows-Facer SOCIAL AND GENERAL STATISTICS SECTION HOUSE OF COMMONS LIBRARY RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 Recent Library Research Papers include: 06/01 The International Development (Reporting and Transparency) Bill 11.01.06 [Bill 19 of 2005-06] 06/02 Social Indicators [includes article: New Year resolutions – how do 12.01.06 they figure?] 06/03 Unemployment by Constituency, December 2005 18.01.06 06/04 The Merchant Shipping (Pollution) Bill [Bill 68 of 2005-06] 23.01.06 06/05 Economic Indicators, February 2006 [includes article: 01.02.06 The 80% employment aspiration] 06/06 The Legislative and Regulatory Reform Bill [Bill 111 of 2005-06] 06.02.06 06/07 The Children and Adoption Bill [Bill 96 of 2005-06] 07.02.06 06/08 Sudan: The Elusive Quest for Peace 08.02.06 06/09 Inflation: The value of the pound 1750-2005 13.02.06 06/10 Unemployment by Constituency, January 2006 15.02.06 06/11 The Police and Justice Bill [Bill 119 of 2005-06] 27.02.06 06/12 Economic Indicators, March 2006 01.03.06 06/13 Road Safety Bill [Bill 113 of 2005-06] 02.03.06 06/14 The Northern Ireland (Miscellaneous Provisions) Bill [Bill 131 of 2005-06] 06.03.06 06/15 The Education and Inspections Bill [Bill 134 of 2005-06] 09.03.06 Research Papers are available as PDF files: • to members of the general public on the Parliamentary web site, URL: http://www.parliament.uk • within Parliament to users of the Parliamentary Intranet, URL: http://hcl1.hclibrary.parliament.uk Library Research Papers are compiled for the benefit of Members of Parliament and their personal staff. Authors are available to discuss the contents of these papers with Members and their staff but cannot advise members of the general public. Any comments on Research Papers should be sent to the Research Publications Officer, Room 407, 1 Derby Gate, London, SW1A 2DG or e-mailed to [email protected] ISSN 1368-8456 2 RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 Contents I Summary 8 II Analysis of the results 9 A. National and regional summary pages 9 Map: General Election 2005 seat winners 10 Map: General Election 2001 seat winners 11 Map: General Election 2005 seat winners: using equally sized constituencies 12 1. United Kingdom 13 2. Great Britain 14 3. England 15 4. Wales 16 5. Scotland 17 6. Northern Ireland 18 7. North East 19 8. North West 20 9. Yorkshire & The Humber 21 10. East Midlands 22 11. West Midlands 23 12. Eastern 24 13. London 25 14. South East 26 15. South West 27 B. Party summary pages 28 1. Conservative 29 Map: Share of the vote: Conservative 30 Map: Change in share of the vote, 2001-2005: Conservative 31 2. Labour 32 Map: Share of the vote: Labour 33 Map: Change in share of the vote, 2001-2005: Labour 34 3. Liberal Democrats 35 Map: Share of the vote: Liberal Democrat 36 Map: Change in share of the vote, 2001-2005: Liberal Democrat 37 4. Plaid Cymru 38 5. Scottish National Party 38 3 RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 Map: Share of the vote: Plaid Cymru 39 Map: Share of the vote: Scottish National Party 40 6. Democratic Unionist Party 41 7. Sinn Féin 41 Map: Share of the vote: Democratic Unionist Party 42 Map: Share of the vote: Sinn Féin 42 8. Social Democratic & Labour Party 43 9. Ulster Unionist 43 Map: Share of the vote: Social Democratic & Labour Party 44 Map: Share of the vote: Ulster Unionist Party 44 10. British National Party 45 11. Green Party 45 12. Scottish Socialist Party 46 13. Socialist Labour Party 46 14. UK Independence Party 47 15. Respect – the Unity Coalition 47 16. Veritas 47 C. Seats changing hands 48 1. Great Britain 49 2. Northern Ireland 51 Map: Seats changing hands by winning party 52 Map: Seats changing hands by losing party 53 D. Safe and marginal seats 54 Map: Seats won by marginality: main parties 55 E. Swing 56 F. Electorate and turnout 57 1. Electorate 57 2. Turnout 59 Map: turnout 62 3. Turnout by social characteristics 63 4. Electorate and turnout by winning party 64 G. Postal voting, proxy voting and spoilt ballots 65 1. Postal and proxy voting 65 2. Spoilt ballots 66 4 RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 H. Borough and county constituencies 67 I. Changes in share by previous election placings 68 J. Changes in share by previous election results 69 K. Candidates 71 1. Candidates by party and sex 71 2. Candidates by party and placing 72 L. Voting by social characteristics 73 1. Summary table 73 2. Conservative 74 3. Labour 75 4. Liberal Democrat 76 5. Labour leads over Conservatives 77 M. Analysis by constituency characteristics 78 1. Large Muslim populations 78 2. Large student populations 79 3. Large elderly populations 79 4. High unemployment 80 5. Large managerial and professional populations 80 N. Characteristics of MPs elected 82 1. Sex, ethnicity and new MPs 82 2. Age 82 3. Previous parliamentary experience 83 4. Education 84 5. Occupations 84 6. Dual mandate MPs 85 O. Miscellany 86 1. Records 86 2. Family ties 86 3. Political connections 86 P. MPs who did not stand for re-election 87 Q. Incumbent MPs who were defeated 89 III Reference Tables 91 5 RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 A. National tables 91 1. United Kingdom 92 2. Great Britain 94 3. England 96 4. Wales 98 5. Scotland 99 6. Northern Ireland 100 B. Summary table for English regions 101 C. ‘County’ tables 102 1. Seats won and change in seats won 103 2. Votes and share of the vote 104 3. Change in share of the vote, electorate and turnout 105 D. Constituency tables 106 1. England 107 2. Wales 119 3. Scotland 120 4. Northern Ireland 122 E. Minor party and independent candidates who saved deposits 123 F. Highest and lowest shares of the vote by major party 125 G. Largest increases and falls in share of the vote by major party 126 H. Seats by majority and MP 127 1. Conservative 128 2. Labour 131 3. Liberal Democrat 137 4. Other 138 IV Background to the election 139 A. The campaign 139 1. Timetable and news events 139 2. Opinion polls 140 3. Campaign expenditure 144 4. Selected newspaper and magazine editorial comment 145 B. Polling day 147 6 RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 1. Local elections 147 2. The weather 148 3. Declaration times 148 C. By-elections and changes of allegiance 2001-05 149 1. By-elections 149 2. Changes of party allegiance 150 V Technical notes, sources and abbreviations 151 A. Sources of data 151 B. Labour majority 151 C. Electorates and turnout 151 D. New constituency boundaries in Scotland 152 E. By-elections, defections and the Speaker 152 F. South Staffordshire 152 G. Party codes and colours 153 7 RESEARCH PAPER 05/33 I Summary A UK General Election was held on 5 May 2005.1 • Labour won 355 of the 646 seats contested, an electoral majority of 64 over all the other parties combined. The Conservatives won 198 seats and the Liberal Democrats 62. • Labour polled 9.6 million votes. That is equivalent to 35.2% of the total, the lowest share of the vote ever recorded for a winning party at a UK General Election and 5.5% points lower than in 2001. It is equivalent to 21.6% of the electorate, again a record low for a winning party. • The Conservatives took 8.8 million votes, 32.4% of the total, up 0.7% points on 2001. • The Liberal Democrats polled 6.0 million votes, 22.0% of the total, up 3.8% points on 2001. • Compared with the results of the 2001 election, Labour lost 47 seats; the Conservatives made a net gain of 33 seats; the Liberal Democrats, a net gain of 11; and other parties, a net gain of three. These comparisons use notional 2001 results for new boundaries in Scotland. • Plaid Cymru’s share of the vote fell relative to 2001. They won three seats, down one. The SNP share of the vote also fell, but they won six seats, a notional gain of two. • The Democratic Unionists won nine of the 18 seats in Northern Ireland, gaining four seats. They polled more votes in Northern Ireland than any other party. Sinn Féin won five seats, up one on 2001. The SDLP won three seats, unchanged in net terms, while the Ulster Unionists were left with one seat, down five on their 2001 performance. • Four other candidates won seats: George Galloway, for Respect in Bethnal Green & Bow; Peter Law, an independent, in Blaenau Gwent; the Speaker, Michael Martin, in Glasgow North East; and Richard Taylor, for Independent Kidderminster Hospital and Health Concern, in Wyre Forest. • Turnout was 61.4%, 2.0% points higher than in 2001.