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Agriculture and the Socio- Economic Environment E4362 v1 REPUBLIC OF MALAWI Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security Agricultural Sector Wide Approach – Support Project – Additional Financing Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) DRAFT FINAL REPORT Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security Capital Hill P O Box 30134 Public Disclosure Authorized Capital City Lilongwe 3 MALAWI January 2012 Updated November 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... ii LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................. v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ............................................ 13 1.1 The National Context .............................................................................................. 13 1.2 The Agriculture Sector ........................................................................................... 13 1.3 The Agricultural Sector Wide Approach Support Project (ASWAp-SP) ......... 14 1.3.1 Project Development Objectives ............................................................................. 15 1.3.2 Programme Components and additional activities................................................. 16 1.3.3 Description of sub-components............................................................................... 17 1.3.4 Project Implementing Agency ................................................................................. 26 1.3.5 Project Cost Estimates ............................................................................................ 27 1.3.6 Proposed Project Administration and Management Strategy ................................ 27 1.3.7 Description of the Area of Influence ....................................................................... 29 1.4 Rationale for the Environmental and Social Management Framework ............ 29 1.5 Objective of the ESMF ............................................................................................ 30 1.6 Potential Users of the ESIA .................................................................................... 30 1.7 Methodology in Preparing the ESMF ................................................................... 31 1.8 Constraints and Limitation of the Study .............................................................. 32 1.9 Organization of the Report..................................................................................... 32 CHAPTER TWO: THE BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................... 34 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 34 2.2 Chitipa ....................................................................................................................... 34 2.3 Salima ........................................................................................................................ 36 2.4 Ntcheu ....................................................................................................................... 38 2.5 Mwanza ..................................................................................................................... 39 2.6 Chikhwawa ................................................................................................................ 41 CHAPTER THREE: AGRICULTURE AND THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 43 3.1 General Situation..................................................................................................... 43 3.2 Agriculture ............................................................................................................... 43 3.2.1 Agriculture and the Farmer Input Subsidy Program (FISP) .................................. 43 3.2.2 Agriculture and Marketing ..................................................................................... 45 3.2.3 Agriculture and Land Tenure.................................................................................. 45 3.2.4 Agriculture and Forest Resources .......................................................................... 46 3.2.5 Agriculture and Gender .......................................................................................... 47 3.2.6 Agriculture and Health, HIV and AIDS .................................................................. 52 3.2.7 Agriculture and Pest Management ......................................................................... 52 CHAPTER FOUR: RELEVANT LEGISLATION AND THE WORLD BANK POLICY . 54 4.1 Malawi Legislation Relevant to the ASWAp-SP .................................................. 54 4.1.1 Policy Framework ................................................................................................... 54 4.1.2 Legal Framework .................................................................................................... 59 4.1.3 Administrative Framework ..................................................................................... 61 4.1.4 International Conventions ...................................................................................... 61 4.1.5 Agricultural Policies ............................................................................................... 61 4.2 Relevant World Bank Policies ................................................................................ 65 4.2.1 Environmental Assessment (Operational Policy 4.01) ........................................... 65 - ii - 4.2.2 Pest Management (Operational Policy 4.09) ......................................................... 66 4.2.3 Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) ................................................................. 67 CHAPTER FIVE: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT .. 70 5.1 Project Activities and the Impacted Environmental Components ..................... 70 5.2 Determination of Impacts ....................................................................................... 70 5.3 Determination of Mitigation Measures ................................................................. 71 5.4 Evaluation of Negative Impacts ............................................................................. 71 5.5 Consultation with Relevant Stakeholders ............................................................. 71 5.6 Brief Summary of Key Impacts ........................................................................... 114 5.6.1 Environmental Impacts ......................................................................................... 114 5.6.2 Social and Economic Impacts ............................................................................... 114 5.6.3 Gender and HIV and AIDS Impacts...................................................................... 116 5.6.4 Pest Management Related Impacts ....................................................................... 117 CHAPTER SIX: SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN .......................................................................................................... 119 6.1 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) ..................................... 119 6.2 Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan ....................................................... 131 6.2.1 Monitoring ............................................................................................................ 131 6.2.2 Monitoring Indicators and Monitoring Plan ........................................................ 131 6.3 Implementation Arrangements for the ESMF ................................................... 145 6.3.1 Definition of Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................... 145 CHAPTER SEVEN: CAPACITY BUILDING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING .............................................................................. 147 7.1 Current Environmental Management Capacity ................................................ 147 7.1.1 Environmental Capacity in the Agriculture Sector ............................................... 147 7.1.2 Environmental and Social Management Capacity in other Sectors ................ 148 7.2 Capacity Building and Training Requirements ................................................. 153 7.2.1 Institutional Strengthening............................................................................... 153 7.2.2 Proposed Training and Awareness Programmes ............................................ 157 7.2.3 National Level Awareness Raising .................................................................. 157 7.2.4 District Level Sensitisation .............................................................................. 158 7.2.5 Community Level Training .............................................................................. 158 7.2.6 Training Cost Estimates ................................................................................... 159 7.3 Justification for the Capacity Building and Training ........................................ 159 7.3.1 Environmental management training for the ASWAp-SP ESMF .......................... 159 7.4 Proposed Approach in Executing Training ........................................................ 160 CHAPTER EIGHT: THE SCREENING
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