Good Practices in the Area of Border Security and Management in the Context of Counterterrorism and Stemming the Flow of “Foreign Terrorist Fighters”
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Section 29 of the Internal Security Act
UCLA National Black Law Journal Title Detention and Torture without Trial: Section 29 of the Internal Security Act Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n14b6wb Journal National Black Law Journal, 10(2) ISSN 0896-0194 Author Cassim, Mohamed Yusuf Publication Date 1987 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California COMMENT Detention and Torture Without Trial: Section 29 of the Internal Security Act Mohamed Yusuf Cassim* INTRODUCTION South Africa is a relatively sophisticated, fast developing young state, fac- ing the twin problems of a modem industrial revolution, and of the search for a just and practical modus vivendi for the various groups of people who make up her population. These problems are sharpened and complicated by the fact that virtually the entire world has become concerned about what happens in Southern Africa. The general thrust of world opinion has become increasingly critical of the policies presently pursued by the South African government and impatient for the changes which it sees as imperative and inevitable. The pace of change in the world, especially in the "dark continent" of Africa, has so quickened over the past few decades that, while at one level white South Af- rica appeared to have time on her side, it is now clear that under prevailing circumstances time is a precious and rapidly diminishing commodity. More- over, in this day, the problems of South Africa are unique. There is no easy answer for the South African situation-no ready blue print for success. No country in contemporary history has been confronted with quite the same situ- ation. -
When a Temporary State of Emergency Becomes Permanent France As a Case Study AUTHOR Jane Kilpatrick
NOVEMBER 2020 When a Temporary State of Emergency becomes Permanent France as a Case Study AUTHOR Jane Kilpatrick EDITORS Waqas Tufail, Niamh Ní Bhriain DESIGN Karen Paalman COVER PHOTO Wesley Marçal on Unsplash Published by Transnational Institute - www.tni.org Amsterdam, November 2020 Disclaimer: The content of this report represents the views of the Transnational Institute and the named authors and is their sole responsibility. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains. Contents of the report may be quoted or reproduced for non-commercial purposes, provided that the source of information is properly cited. TNI would appreciate receiving a copy or link of the text in which this document is used or cited. Please note that for some images the copyright may lie elsewhere and copyright conditions of those images are those pertaining to the copyright terms of the original source. https://www.tni.org/copyright Table of Contents Introduction 4 States of emergency 5 How is this provided for by law? 5 Which rights are absolute and cannot be derogated from? 5 Process: what steps need to be put in place when derogating from IHRL? 6 States of emergency in practice 6 Permanent States of Emergency and counter-terrorism 7 France 8 Before the November 2015 State of Emergency 8 Legislative changes in France 9 Impacts on fundamental rights 11 Freedom of movement, freedom of expression and freedom of assembly 12 The behaviour of police 14 Issues of necessity, proportionality, and -
The Right of Persons Employed in Polish Public Services to Association in Trade Unions
Studia z Zakresu Prawa Pracy i Polityki Społecznej Studies on Labour Law and Social Policy 2020, 27, nr 1: 23–27 doi:10.4467/25444654SPP.20.003.11719 www.ejournals.eu/sppips Krzysztof Baran https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5165-8265 Jagiellonian University THE RIGHT OF PERSONS EMPLOYED IN POLISH PUBLIC SERVICES TO ASSOCIATION IN TRADE UNIONS Abstract The article aims at presenting the reconsidered model of association of public servants under the Polish legal system. In the past, there was a statutory imposed limiting monism in the trade union movement of military services officers. Since 2019 trade union pluralism has been introduced for the Police, Border Guard, and Prison Service officers, which is analyzed in the paper. Another issue discussed in this article is the right of association of persons employed in civil public administration. Słowa kluczowe: związek zawodowy, służby mundurowe, straż graniczna, policja, służba więzienna Keywords: trade union, public services, Border Guard, Police, Prison Service ASJC: 3308, JEL: K31 On 19 July 2019, the Parliament of the Republic of Poland adopted the Act extending the right of officers of the Police, Border Guard and Prison Services to form and join trade unions (Dz.U. 2019, item 1608). The newly adopted regulation is an inspiration to recon- sider the model of association of public servants under the Polish legal system. The term “public servants” or “those employed in public services” refers not only to those employed in widely understood public administration, but also those serving in military services. The starting point for further discussion will be the statement that persons who are employed in Polish public service structures perform work under various legal regimes, starting from labour law, through civil law to administrative law. -
The Police Academy of Montenegro
PI VOCATIONAL SCHOOL POLICE ACADEMY The Police academy is located in Danilovgrad, Montenegro. It is the only Law Enforcement Educational institution in Montenegro. It was established by the Decision of the Montenegrin Government in March 2006 as a public institution with the status of legal entity. The Police academy was established as a result of the “Montenegrin Police Education Reform“project (2005) and was supported by: International Institutions and Associations; Competent Ministries; NGOs. The goal of Montenegrin Police and other Law Enforcement Agencies is to: Harmonize their activities with European standards; Increase the level of legality, accountability, professionalism and respect of human rights; Provide more efficient response to modern security challenges. The scope of work of the academy is: I - Education, training and professional development of the Police Directorate employees, implemented through: I/a – Basic Police Education; I/b – Supplementary courses for police officers; I/c – Professional and specialized training; I/d – Police management training; I/e – Foreign languages and computer science (ECDL standard). II - Education of the Ministry of Interior and Public Administration employees III - Education of the Customs employees IV - Education of the Penitentiary Institution employees V - Education, training and professional development of the employees dealing with persons and property protection staff – security services VI - Librarian, publishing and research related activities VII - International cooperation. The core task of the Police academy is Basic police education which enables students to gain: policing competences; the basic knowledge for professional and specialized development as well as professional career development. So far 256 cadets have completed Basic Police education. At this moment we are educating 22 cadets. -
Trafficking in Human Beings
TemaNord 2014:526 TemaNord Ved Stranden 18 DK-1061 Copenhagen K www.norden.org Trafficking in Human Beings Report from a conference on Identification of victims and criminals Trafficking in Human Beings – why we do not notice them In the Nordic countries, most of the reported cases of trafficking in human beings today concern women and girls trafficked for sexual exploitation, but experiences from Europe indicate that human trafficking has increased also in farming, household work, construction, and house building, as well as in begging, shoplifting and thefts. The conference Identification of victims and criminals – why we do not notice them on 30–31 May 2013 in Tallinn, Estonia formed the conclusion of a Nordic-Baltic-Northwest Russian cooperation project. Around 80 participants attended the two-day conference to discuss ways of identifying victims and criminals and to find answer to the question of why we do not notice victims or criminals, even though we now have available to us facts, figures, research and knowledge about human trafficking as a part of international organized crime. TemaNord 2014:526 ISBN 978-92-893-2767-1 ISBN 978-92-893-2768-8 (EPUB) ISSN 0908-6692 conference proceeding TN2014526 omslag.indd 1 09-04-2014 07:18:39 Trafficking in Human Beings Report from a conference on Identification of victims and criminals – why we do not notice them TemaNord 2014:526 Trafficking in Human Beings Report from a conference on Identification of victims and criminals - why we do not notice them ISBN 978-92-893-2767-1 ISBN 978-92-893-2768-8 (EPUB) http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/TN2014-526 TemaNord 2014:526 ISSN 0908-6692 © Nordic Council of Ministers 2014 Layout: Hanne Lebech Cover photo: Beate Nøsterud Photo: Reelika Riimand Print: Rosendahls-Schultz Grafisk Copies: 516 Printed in Denmark This publication has been published with financial support by the Nordic Council of Ministers. -
Some Facts About Southeast Finland Frontier Guard
THE SOUTHEAST FINLAND BORDER GUARD DISTRICT THETHE SOUTHEA SOUTHEASTST FINLAND FINLAND BORDER BORDER GUA GUARDRD DISTRICT DISTRICT Border guard stations 10 Border check station 1 II/123 Border crossing points 8 Uukuniemi International Pitkäpohja Kolmikanta Restricted Imatra BGA (Parikkala) Kangaskoski Immola Personnel 1.1.2006: • headquarters Lake Ladoga • logistics base Niskapietilä Officers 95 Lappeenranta BGA Pelkola Border guards 570 (Imatra) Others 87 Lappeenranta airport Total 752 Nuijamaa Common border with Vehicles: Vainikkala Russia 227 km Virolahti Cars 65 BGA Leino Motorbikes 15 Vyborg Snowmobiles 59 Patrol boats 11 Vaalimaa Vaalimaa Hurppu Dogs 95 (Santio) VI/11 Gulf of Finland BORDERBORDER SECURITYSECURITY SYSTEMSYSTEM ININ SOUTHEASOUTHEASTST FINLAFINLANDND (figures/2005) BORDERBORDER CO-OPERATION WITH SURVEILLASURVEILLANCENCE NATIONAL AUTHORITIES • exposed illegal border crossings 16 • accomplished refused entries 635 • executive assistances 23 • assistances, searches 25 4 3 2 1 CO-OPERATION OVER THE BORDER RUSSIAN BORDER GUARD SERVICE • apprehended ~80 • meetings: • border delegates/deputies 22 • assistants of the border delegates 70 BORDERBORDER CHECKSCHECKS CONSULATES • refusals of entry 707 • ST. PETERSBURG • discovered fraudulent documents 128 • MOSCOW • discovered stolen vehicles 13 • PETROZAVODSK • discovered fraudulent documents 88 BORDERBORDER CHECKSCHECKS Investment: v. 2004 392 man-years; 19,0 mill. € v. 2005 409 man-years; 19,5 mill. € PASSENGERPASSENGER TRAFFIC TRAFFIC 1996 1996 - -20052005 4 764 495 4 694 657 -
Border Management Reform in Transition Democracies
Border Management Reform in Transition Democracies Editors Aditya Batara G Beni Sukadis Contributors Pierre Aepli Colonel Rudito A.A. Banyu Perwita, PhD Zoltán Nagy Lieutenant-Colonel János Hegedűs First Edition, June 2007 Layout Front Cover Lebanese-Israeli Borders Downloaded from: www.michaelcotten.com Printed by Copyright DCAF & LESPERSSI, 2007 The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces FOREWORD Suripto, SH Vice Chairman of 3rd Commission, Indonesian House of Representatives And Chariman of Lesperssi Founder Board Border issues have been one of the largest areas of concern for Indonesia. Since becoming a sovereign state 61 years ago, Indonesia is still facing a series of territorial border problems. Up until today, Indonesia has reached agreements with its neighbouring countries related to demarcation and state border delineation. However, the lack of an unequivocal authority for border management has left serious implications for the state’s sovereignty and its citizen’s security. The Indonesian border of today, is still having to deal with border crime, which includes the violation of the territorial border, smuggling and terrorist infiltration, illegal fishing, illegal logging and Human Rights violations. These kinds of violations have also made a serious impact on the state’s sovereignty and citizen’s security. As of today, Indonesia still has an ‘un-settled’ sea territory, with regard to the rights of sovereignty (Additional Zone, Economic Exclusive Zone, and continent plate). This frequently provokes conflict between the authorised sea-territory officer on patrol and foreign ships or fishermen from neighbouring countries. One of the principal border problems is the Sipadan-Ligitan dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia, which started in 1969. -
Security, Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice: a Future Partnership Paper
Security, law enforcement and criminal justice A FUTURE PARTNERSHIP PAPER The United Kingdom wants to build a new, deep and special partnership with the European Union. This paper is part of a series setting out key issues which form part of the Government’s vision for that partnership, and which will explore how the UK and the EU, working together, can make this a reality. Each paper will reflect the engagement the Government has sought from external parties with expertise in these policy areas, and will draw on the very extensive work undertaken across Government since last year’s referendum. Taken together, these papers are an essential step towards building a new partnership to promote our shared interests and values. 1 Security, law enforcement and criminal justice: a future partnership paper Executive Summary 1. The UK and the EU face a range of shared threats to the security of their citizens and way of life. The UK and the EU have a shared interest in a secure neighbourhood and in the security of friends and allies around the world. This paper is part of a series being published that sets out key issues that form part of the Government’s vision for the UK’s future partnership with the EU. A paper was published on 12 September that focused on foreign policy, defence and security, and development. This paper builds on that, focusing on security, law enforcement and criminal justice. In order to tackle the threats faced, and work towards common objectives, it is vital that the UK and the EU maintain and strengthen their close collaboration in these areas after the UK’s withdrawal from the EU. -
Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts, Components and Ammunition To, from and Across the European Union
Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts, Components and Ammunition to, from and across the European Union REGIONAL ANALYSIS REPORT 1 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts, Components and Ammunition to, from and across the European Union UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2020 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Illicit Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts, Components and Ammunition to, from and across the European Union REGIONAL ANALYSIS REPORT UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2020 © United Nations, 2020. All rights reserved, worldwide. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copy- right holder, provided acknowledgment of the source is made. UNODC would appreciate receiving a copy of any written output that uses this publication as a source at [email protected]. DISCLAIMERS This report was not formally edited. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNODC, nor do they imply any endorsement. Information on uniform resource locators and links to Internet sites contained in the present publication are provided for the convenience of the reader and are correct at the time of issuance. The United Nations takes no responsibility for the continued accuracy of that information or for the content of any external website. This document was produced with the financial support of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect -
TRAFFICKING in PERSONS 2020 COUNTRY PROFILE North Africa and the Middle East Table of Contents − Algeria −
GLOBAL REPORT ON TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS 2020 COUNTRY PROFILE North Africa and the Middle East Table of Contents − Algeria − ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 − Bahrain − .................................................................................................................................................... 5 − Egypt − ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 − Iraq − ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 − Israel − ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 − Jordan − .................................................................................................................................................... 17 − The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia − ................................................................................................................ 18 − Kuwait − .................................................................................................................................................... 20 − Lebanon − ................................................................................................................................................ -
Manual on Border Controls Along the Danube and Its Navigable Tributaries
EU Strategy for the Danube Region Priority Area 1a – To improve mobility and multimodality: Inland waterways Practical manual on border controls along the Danube and its navigable tributaries Author(s): Milica Gvozdic (viadonau) Simon Hartl (viadonau) Katja Rosner (viadonau) Version (date): 31.08.2015 1 General information .................................................................................................................. 4 2 How to use this manual? .......................................................................................................... 5 3 Geographic scope .................................................................................................................... 5 4 Hungary ................................................................................................................................... 7 4.1 General information on border controls ................................................................................... 7 4.1.1 Control process ................................................................................................................... 8 4.1.2 Control forms ..................................................................................................................... 10 4.1.3 Additional information ....................................................................................................... 21 4.2 Information on specific border control points ......................................................................... 22 4.2.1 Mohács ............................................................................................................................. -
Slavery and Exploitation of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon
Struggling to survive: Slavery and exploitation of Syrian refugees in Lebanon 1 The Freedom Fund plays a critical role to [Slavery] is happening identify and invest in the most effective everywhere... front line efforts to end slavery and human Lebanese municipality official trafficking, bringing together a wide range of partners committed to this cause. Commissioned by the Freedom Fund, this report examines the manifestations I know a 12 year old girl of slavery and human trafficking among who has packed her toys Syrian refugees in Lebanon. It draws on in a bag because she has interviews with Syrian refugees in Lebanon, to work. She doesn’t want representatives from Lebanese and people in the camp to see international NGOs, Syrian organisations, UN bodies and Lebanese government her play with her toys and officials. The study, which was conducted think she is young and during January and February 2016, unfit to work. also reviews other recent research and Lebanese municipality official vulnerability assessments. 2 Contents 2 4 5 Executive summary Recommendations Syrian refugees in Lebanon: the growing risk of slavery and trafficking 7 10 12 Child labour Child marriage Sexual exploitation 14 16 21 Forced labour Factors contributing to Conclusion slavery and trafficking of Syrian refugees Acknowledgement We are grateful and humbled by the time and willingness that women, men and children showed in accepting to share their experience with us. We would also like to thank individuals and organisations working on the Syrian refugees crisis for taking time from their busy schedules to share their knowledge and analysis. Dr Katharine Jones Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Trust, Peace and Social Relations, Coventry University Contact: [email protected] Leena Ksaifi Independent Consultant and Director of The George Ksaifi Organization Contact: [email protected] Cover image © Tabitha Ross 1 Executive Summary Since it began in 2011, the conflict in Syria has crisis that has unfolded over the past five years.