2008 School of physicS Annual Report 4 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au contents/

the university of melbourne 6 the faculty of science 8 THE SCHOOL OF pHYSICS 9 HEAD’S REPORT 10 EXECUTIVE MANAGER’S REPORT 10 SCHOOL GOVERANCE 11 STAFF 12 VISITORS 18 RESEARCH FUNDING 20 RESEARCH SEMINAR SERIES 23 SCHOOL-HOSTED CONFERENCES 28 POSTGRADUATES IN PROGRESS 30 THESES COMPLETIONS 34 GROUP REPORT & PUBLICATIONS - Astrophysics 35 - Experimental Particle Physics (EPP) 39 - Micro-Analytical Research Centre (MARC) 45 Quantum Communications Victoria (QCV) 50 - Optics 51 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science (CXS) 54 - Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics (TCMP) 56 - Theoretical Particle Physics (TPP) 60 postgraduate physics student society (PPSS) 63 prizes & awards 64 outreach programs 66 subjects offered 69 alumni & friends 70 media 72 recruiting organisations 74 more information 75

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 5 The University of Melbourne

The university of the Melbourne Model undergraduate and graduate education have continued to be a central focus of Melbourne thought and investment at the University. Established in 1853, the University of Melbourne The final strand – knowledge transfer – has long is a public-spirited institution that makes distinctive been practised but not always acknowledged at contributions to society in research, teaching and the University. A commitment to projects based knowledge transfer. on engagement, exchange and partnership with Melbourne’s teaching excellence has been wider constituencies has become a familiar part rewarded two years in a row by grants from of University aspirations. Knowledge transfer is the Commonwealth Government’s Learning about direct, two-way interactions between the and Teaching Performance Fund for Australian University and its external communities, which universities that demonstrate excellence in involve the development, exchange and application undergraduate teaching and learning. of knowledge and expertise for mutual benefit. Melbourne was also one of only three Australian The metaphor of the triple helix is extended to universities to win ten citations -- the maximum the tight binding of the strands with enablers: our number of awards possible -- under the Carrick people, our repositories of scholarly information, Citations for Outstanding Contributions to Student our policies, planning, infrastructure, fundraising, Learning. The citations recognise commitment resources, university administration and our by university staff who have shown outstanding communications and marketing. leadership and innovation in teaching, and dedication and enthusiasm for student learning. Melbourne Model The University of Melbourne has introduced The triple-helix landmark educational reforms known collectively The University of Melbourne seeks to be highly as the Melbourne Model. These reforms are regarded in research and research training, learning designed to create an outstanding and distinctive and teaching, and knowledge transfer. Melbourne Experience for all students. In moving to Together these three activities are envisaged as the new model, the University is responding to the a metaphoric triple-helix in which they are closely challenges of today’s changing environment as well bound, each reinforcing the other. Growing Esteem as aligning itself with the best of European and Asian takes into account current national and international practice and North American traditions. research priorities, aims to assist the University to The Melbourne Model is based on six broad address the pressures of space, size and coherence undergraduate programs followed by a professional in undergraduate education and ensures a much graduate degree, research higher degree or stronger link between public outreach and teaching entry directly into employment. The emphasis on and research. academic breadth as well as disciplinary depth in The first strand – research and research training the new degrees ensures that as a graduate you will – is core to the mission of the University, linking have the capacity to negotiate your way successfully Melbourne to the great centres of scholarship in a world where knowledge boundaries are shifting around the world. The research and research training and reforming to create new frontiers and challenges strand allows us both to achieve what we call our almost daily. research outcomes and output and also to train research higher degree students including PhD or Internationally recognised research Doctoral research and Masters by research. and academic staff The second strand – learning and teaching – refers to The University of Melbourne has a 150-year history our curriculum (or our courses) and to the epxerience of leadership in research, innovation, teaching of being a student (such as study groups, support and learning. Our researchers are at the forefront services and scholarships). Learning and teaching of international scholarship in fields as diverse as has been of great importance to the University human rights law, telecommunications and medical since its origin in 1854, and with the inception of research.

6 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Among our many scholars of international standing The Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation are two winners of the Nobel Prize: Council of Taiwan (HEEACT) Professors Peter Doherty for Physiology and • The University improved its position in this Medicine; and Professor Sir James Mirrlees for ranking in 2008. Economic Science. • The Higher Education Evaluation & Accreditation A Nobel prize was also awarded in 2007 to the Council of Taiwan (HEEACT) university Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). rankings is well regarded as having a rigorous Professor David Karoly (an internationally recognised methodology. It evaluates and ranks the climate change expert) was a member of this panel. performance of scientific papers published by scholars of the world’s top 500 universities. • No. 58 in the world (up from 64 in 2007). International Rankings • No. 5 in the Asia Pacific. Our strong performance in international rankings puts us at the forefront of higher education in the • Rankings in six disciplines were also released Asia-Pacific region and the world: in 2008, with Melbourne being the highest ranking Australian university in three fields Academic Ranking of World Universities, Shanghai (Clinical, Life and Social Sciences), and within Jiao Tong University, 2008: the top 100 in the world in five fields • The University of Melbourne has improved its position by six places, placing it among the top 100 research institutes worldwide for the sixth year in a row. Only three Australian universities were ranked in the top 100. • No. 6 for the Asia-Pacific region • No. 73 worldwide

THE World University rankings 2008: • The University’s overall rank dropped in 2008, but this ranking is comprised of a number of different components, with methodology changing since 2005. • No. 9 in the world for the employability of its graduates. • International colleagues rank the University of Melbourne at No. 21 (Peer review ranking) • Only Australian university to rank in the Top 30 in all five of the Times Higher Education’s discipline rankings: Arts & Humanities | Life Sciences and Biomedicine | Natural Sciences | Social Sciences | Technology • Overall ranking No. 38 Regard for the University among employers still remains very strong. The University’s graduate employability ranking improved in 2008, moving to No. 9 in 2008 from No. 10 in 2007. Our peer ranking remains strong.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 7 The faculty of science

faculty of Science

About us One of the oldest science faculties in Australia, we celebrated our centenary in 2003. The Faculty provides a range of teaching and postgraduate training programs and community services, based on a solid foundation of research in the pure and applied sciences. It comprises four schools and five departments - Botany, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Physics, Genetics, Information Systems, Mathematics & Statistics, Optometry & Vision Sciences, and Zoology, and it has an active involvement in 13 competitively funded research centres. Over 6,500 undergraduate and postgraduate students are enrolled across its 10 undergraduate and 12 postgraduate courses and its Honours program.

Faculty staff gain approximately $22 million a year in competitive research grants, through peer-assessed grants, the Australian Research Council (ARC), the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and other national funding and industry agencies. Its international agenda includes joint research ventures, exchange of staff and students, recruitment of overseas students and the inclusion of a global perspective in curricula. Through the quality of its research and teaching, the Faculty enjoys a strong reputation, both nationally and internationally.

History of the Faculty The Faculty of Science was established in 1903 at the University of Melbourne, under the first Dean, Professor Henry Laurie. Initially the disciplines taught within the Faculty included Chemistry, Physiology, Biology (including elementary Botany), Geology and Minerology, as well as subjects from the Schools of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy (Physics). Over the years, Genetics, Information Systems, and Optometry have been added to this list. http://www.science.unimelb.edu.au/

8 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au The school of physics

The School of Physics The School, one of nine main departments within the Faculty of Science, comprises approximately 23 It is an exciting time to be studying physics in the teaching & research staff, 50 research-only staff, 80 21st century: it is an enabling science that expands postgraduate students and 50 associates supported our knowledge of the universe and underpins new by 30 professional staff. The School additionally technologies that benefit our society. The School hosts 2 ARC Federation Fellows, 2 ARC Australian of Physics is well established and is internationally Professorial Fellows, 2 ARC QE11 Fellows and 1 respected for its research excellence, broad- Australian Postdoctoral Fellow. based undergraduate courses, and a challenging and rewarding postgraduate experience. Our Located in the heart of cosmopolitan Melbourne, collaborations are aligned with the world’s leading the School is part of a vibrant campus environment research groups and facilities. We address some of and is a great place to study, as evidenced by the most important and fundamental problems of internationally benchmarked ranking indicators. our age.

Our programs in astrophysics, theoretical particle and experimental particle physics explore questions RESEARCH GROUPS relating to the origin, evolution and fate of our universe. Aligned with high energy physics programs • ASTROPHYSICS (ASTRO) taking place in Switzerland (CERN), the School • EXPERIMENTAL PARTICLE PHYSICS (EPP) has considerable expertise in grid computing, • MICRO-ANALYTICAL RESEARCH CENTRE (MARC) neutrino physics and physics beyond the ‘Standard Model’. The LIGO gravitational wave detector • OPTICS project is designed to measure gravity waves, as • THEORETICAL CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS (TCMP) yet unseen but predicted by Einstein. The MWA low frequency radio telescope is a facility currently • THEORETICAL PARTICLE PHYSICS (TPP) under construction in outback Western Australia. Designed to capture signals from the early reaches of the universe, it is another tool that will increase our understanding of the universe.

The School has strengths in the exploration of matter and light interactions, particularly in advanced materials utilising diamond and silicon, quantum information science, photonics, advanced electron microscopy, nanoscale imaging, nanoelectronics, all the way down to the single atom and photon. Working closely with the Australian Synchrotron, our leading Centre for Coherent X-Ray Science employs X-Ray diffraction techniques and an interdisciplinary team of physicists, biologists and chemists to explore the structural determination of single biological molecules. Solving this problem is critical to rational drug design and biotechnology. With inter-institutional partners, the Centre for Quantum Computer Technology is building, at the atomic level, a solid-state quantum computer in silicon which will revolutionise computing industries. OUR MISSION: “to be leaders in Physics with global impact” www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 9 the school of physics

HEAD’S REPORT The School has taken a leading role in the teaching of Melbourne Model breadth subjects and we have In 2009 we are celebrating the significant large undergraduate cohorts taking “Introduction anniversaries of two of the greatest great discoveries to Climate Change” and “Life the Universe and in Physics made by two of its greatest practitioners. Everything”. To say nothing of the outstanding increase in the Remarkably, the School of Physics is deeply number of students taking first year Physics in 2009 engaged in advancing the profound legacy of these where the numbers are up over 400 compared to two great discoveries today. last year! Head of School, Professor David Jamieson One discovery led us on an outward journey: it is 400 years since Galileo invented the astronomical telescope and the legacy of that discovery is seen in the work by the Astrophysics group in the School. The other discovery led us in an inward journey: it is 100 years since Ernest Rutherford and his co-workers discovered the nucleus of the atom and the legacy of that discovery is seen in the work of the Experimental Particle Physics group.

In February 2008 we were pleased to welcome Professor Tony Gherghetta, Australian Research Council Federation Fellow, into the School who is working with us on the Physics of the inward journey at the most fundamental scales.

We hosted a number of significant events celebrating Physics at all scales: the Melbourne Neutrino Workshop with the Heavy Quark and Leptons Conference in June, the Diamond Retreat on the quantum physics of this alluring material also in June and we had a huge media event with the EXECUTIVE MANAGER’S live cross to the control room of the Large Hadron REPORT Collider in September. The Teaching and Research effort of the School has been well supported this year by a strong team of We also became the headquarters and leader professional staff. The introduction of the first year of the first new generation Research Institute of of the Melbourne Model saw the laboratory staff the University with the launch of the Melbourne managing larger numbers of students doing new Materials Institute in October 2008 under the labs including the staging of night labs for the first leadership of Prof Steven Prawer. time in the School. Building Works All of these events attracted international attention Another busy year with infrastructure improvement and visitors to our School. saw Level 4 renovated to the same standard as One of these visitors, Prof Fulvio Melia from Arizona Levels 1, 2 & 7. Prof Tony Gherghetta, our new State University also participated in our postgraduate Federation Fellow in Theoretical Particle Physics and teaching program giving an international perspective staff and students working with him are benefitting to our students. from the new space. Other rooms were refurbished for staff and retirees on Levels 6 and 7. The consolidation of experimental research space started with Room 560 being remodeled for the Optics group with new optics tables being craned into the Level 5 landing.

10 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au The funds required for the major upgrade and SCHOOL GOVERNANCE refurbishment of the Part II/III laboratories were not made available by the University However a The School continues to be well served by the smaller renovation of the west end of the Level 1 following Committee Structure and membership. laboratories was funded and will proceed in 2009. Academic Programs The Vision we have for this area of the School aims Robert Scholten (Chair), Elisabetta Barberio, Chris to provide: Chantler, Helen Conley, Andrew Greentree, Tom • Magnificent flexible group learning and social Jacques, Michelle, Livett, Jeff McCallum, Andrew interaction spaces for new Generation Master Melatos, Julius Orwa, Ann Roberts, Martin Sevior, students Geoff Taylor, Ray Volkas, Colin Entwisle (Executive • World class conference facilities for the University Officer) of Melbourne on its eastern border Finance & Facilities • Outstanding laboratory spaces for new generation David Jamieson (Chair), Helen Conley, Tim Dyce, undergraduates as they move into second and Jeff McCallum, Andrew Melatos, Paul Spizziri, third year studies Roland Syzmanski, Geoff Taylor, Russel Walsh, • State of the art space for the Physics Museum. Rachel Webster, Chris Witte, Cheryl Burrell (Executive Officer) We are continuing to seek financial support to complete this project and realize our vision. Knowledge Transfer & Marketing Ann Roberts (Chair), Elisabetta Barberio, Helen Professional Staff Changes Conley, Nicoletta Dragomir, Joanne, Kuluveovski, Several professional staff moved on from the School David Jamieson, Andy Martin, Masum Rab, Roger this year. We thank them for their contributions and Rassool, Geoffrey Taylor, Cilla Gloger (Executive wish them every success in their new roles. In their Officer) place, we welcome the following people: Policy • Cheryl Burrell who replaced Tania Carrubba in David Jamieson (Chair), Les Allen, Helen Conley, Finance when Tania was seconded to Botany Tony Gherghetta, Lloyd Hollenberg, Jeff McCallum, • Patricia Gigliuto who joined the administration/ Keith Nugent, Steven Prawer, Ann Roberts, Robert finance group replacing Helga Kendy who Scholten, Geoff Taylor, Ray Volkas, Lila Warszawski, remained on family leave Rachel Webster, Hayley Wards (Executive Officer) • Linh Vu who stepped up to the IT Manager’s Research & Industry position when Tim Dyce moved into EPP Les Allen (Chair), Nicole Bell, Helen Conley, Daniel • Sean Crosby who moved into Linh Vu’s previous Drumm, Brant Gibson, Joanne Kuluveovski, Steven role in IT support. Prawer, Ann Roberts, Stuart Wyithe, Cilla Gloger Executive Manager, Ms Helen ConleyAcademic (Executive Officer) Safety Jeff McCallum (Chair), Helen Conley, Colin Entwisle, Barbara Fairchild, Steve Gregory, Justin Kimpton, Phil Lyons, Paul Spizziri, Julie Warden (Executive Officer) School David Jamieson (Chair), all staff, Adrian D’Alfonso, Hayley Wards (Executive Officer) School Executive David Jamieson (Chair), Helen Conley, Ann Roberts, Geoff Taylor, Russell Walsh, Hayley Wards (Executive Officer)

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 11 staff

teaching & research professors Academics Steven Prawer BSc(Hons), PhD Monash, DSc Melb, MAIP MRS Head of School and professor Research Interests: Quantum information David Norman Jamieson processing, diamond, ion implantation, BSc(Hons), PhD Melb, FAIP, FInst, MAPS micromachining, quantum optics, quantum Research Interests: Quantum computing, communication, ion beam analysis, single photon nanotechnology, quantum physics, diamond, silicon, sources, qubits, nanotechnology ion beam physics and analysis, ion implantation, Teaching Interests: Biomedical Physics, quantum microprobes, semiconductors, charge injection in mechanics semiconductors Teaching Interests: Advanced physics, Raymond Robert Volkas Electromagnetism & Special relativity, Further BSc(Hons) PhD Melb FAIP Classical & Quantum Mechanics Research Interests: Beyond the standard model, neutrinos, branes and extra dimensions, particle Deputy Head of School and associate cosmology, particle phenomemology, early universe professor Teaching Interests: Advanced quantum mechanics, Ann Roberts Quantum mechanics, quantum field theory BSc(Hons) PhD Syd, MAIP Research Interests: Optics, Photonics, Rachel Lindsey Webster Nanophotonics, Imaging, Microscopy BSc Monash, MSc Sussex, PhD Cambridge Teaching Interests: Biomedical Physics, Astrophysics Research Interests: radio astronomy, cosmology, and Optics terabyte datasets, low frequency radio telescope, first stars, epoch of reionisation, galaxy formation, solar wind, quasars, gravitational lensing, eResearch Federation Fellow & Laureate Professor Teaching Interests: Solar systems & cosmos, advanced electromagnetism and special relativity, Tony Gherghetta astrophysics and optics BSc(Hons), UWA MS, PhD Chicago Research Interests: Particle physics beyond the standard model, Supersymmetry, Branes and extra ARC Professorial Fellow dimensions, AdS/CFT correspondence, Particle Lloyd Christopher Hollenberg phenomenology, The early universe BSc(Hons) PhD Melb, MAIP Research Interests: theoretical quantum computing Keith Alexander Nugent and information, qubit system modeling and control, BSc(Hons) Adelaide, PhD ANU, FAA FAIP algorithm, single electron transistor, decoherence of gate operations, quantum error correction Research Interests: Optics, synchrotron science, x-rays, coherence, quantitative phase imaging, Teaching Interests: n/a biophysics, protein membrane imaging

12 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Geoffrey Norman Taylor arc queen elizabeth ii fellow BSc(Hons) MSc UWA, PhD Hawaii, MAIP MAPS Andrew Greentree Research Interests: high energy particle physics, BSc Adel, PhD Anu physics beyond the Standard Model, CERN Research Interests: laboratory, ATLAS project, supersymmetry, Higgs Quantum Computing, Phosphorus in silicon, boson, CP violation, GRID computing, positron diamond in quantum information processing, qubits, emission topography, medical physics atom-photon interactions,Electromagnetically- Teaching Interests: Principles and Applications of induced transparency Physics B, advanced electromagnetism and special relativity Stuart Wyithe BSc(Hons) PhD Melb ASSOCIATE PROFFESSORS & READERS Research Interests: Astrophysics, cosmology, first Leslie John Allen stars, reionization, black holes, gravitational lensing, BSc(Hons), MSc Port Elizabeth, PhD Sth Africa the early universe, eclipsing binaries, quasars Research Interests: Atomic resolution imaging Teaching Interests: Extragalactic astrophysics & and spectroscopy, electron scattering, inner-shell Cosmology; Computational Physics ionization, phase imaging Teaching Interests: Atomic, Molecular and Solid SENIOR LECTURERS State Physics; Scattering & Imaging Luigia Elisabetta Barberio MSc Bologna, PhD Siegen Christopher Thomas Chantler Research Interests: Experimental particle physics, BSc(Hons) UWA, DPhil Oxford dark matter, cosmology, Research Interests: X-ray Optics, Synchrotron, ATLAS experiment, CERN laboratory, Higgs boson, X-ray Absorption Fine Structure, powder diffraction, structure of the universe, origin of the mass radiation shielding, atomic physics & quantum Teaching Interests: Standard Physics, Subatomic electro-dynamics, condensed matter physics Physics, Particle Physics Teaching Interests: Electromagnetism & Special Relativity; Thermal Physics; Advanced Quantum Andrew McCallum Martin Optics BSc(Hons) PhD Lancaster Research Interests: Theoretical condensed matter Robert Scholten physics, Bose-Einstein Condensation, Quantum Hall BSc Adelaide, BSc(Hons) PhD Flinders, MAIP, Effect, superfluids, superconductivity MAPS Teaching Interests: Further classical & Quantum Research Interests: atom optics, quantum optics, mechanics, Advanced Thermal Physics, Condensed atomic physics, laser cooling, imaging, quantum Matter physics imaging, atomic coherence, lasers Teaching Interests: Advanced Physics, biomedical Andrew Melatos physics, astrophysics and optics, quantum mechanics BSc PhD Syd Research Interests: Neutron stars, gravitational waves, plasma physics, superfluids ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS Teaching Interests: Advanced electrodynamics, Michelle Livett Statistical Mechanics BSc(Hons), PhD LaTrobe, DipEd MCAE, MAIP

Research Interests: Physics education Jeffrey McCallum Teaching Interests: Biomedical Physics BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Research Interests: Epitaxy and defect studies in Martin Edmund Sevior silicon, semi-conductor physics disorder defects BSc(Hons) PhD Melb, FAIP and amorphisation, open volume defects, ion Research Interests: High Energy Physics, quarks, implantation, solid phase epitaxial growth, shallow anti-matter, Higgs particle, Data Grid junctions, new materials science Teaching Interests: Principals and applications of Teaching Interests: Standard Physics, Advanced Physics, Quantum Mechanics and Thermal Physics, Physics, Quantum Mechanics and Thermal Physics Electrodynamics www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 13 Roger Paul Rassool Research Fellows BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Brian Abbey, MSc PhD Cambridge Research Interests: Particle and nuclear physics, Andrew Alves, BSc(Hons) PhD RMIT nuclear particle photons, industrial applications of Eric Ampem-Lassen, DipEd BSc MPhil Ghana, PhD physics, instrumentation, silicon detectors, medical Melb physics Susan Angus, BE(Hons) PhD UNSW Teaching Interests: Standard Physics, Instruments Catherine Buchanan, BSc(Hons) PhD ANU for Scientists, Energy & Environment Stefania Castelletto, BSc(Hons) MSc PhD Turin Bo Chen, BEng Heifei, PhD Science & Technology LECTURER China Nicole Bell Alberto Cimmino, BSc Naples MSc PhD Melb BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Ruben Dilanyan, BSc(Hons) PhD Russia Research Interests: Beyond the Standard Tim Dyce, BSc(Hons) Melb Model, cosmology, neutrino physics, branes and Uli Felzmann, PhD Germany extra dimensions, particle cosmology, particle Robert Foot, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb phenomenology, early universe Kumaravelu Ganesan, BSc MSc Sri Lanka, PhD Teaching Interests: Quantum Mechanics, Advanced Canterbury Physics, Thermal Physics Brant Gibson, BE PhD LaTrobe Stewart Gleadow, BE(Hons) Melb TUTOR Charles Hill, BSc(Hons) ANU PhD Queensland James Richmond Faruque Hossain, BSc(Hons) MSc Dhaka MEngSc LLB(Hons) BSc(Hons) Melb NSW PhD Tokyo Brett Johnson, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb RESEARCH-ONLY academics Mark Junker, BSc Louisiana MSc PhD Texas Justin Kimpton, BSc(Hons) PhD Swinburne Professorial Fellow Archil Kobakhidze, BSC MSc PhD Tbilisi Ivanc Robert John Sault Javakhishvili State BE(Hons) PhD Syd Marco La Rosa, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Jessica Kvansakul, MSc PhD London Senior Research Fellows Hermine Landt, MSc PhD Germany Shane Huntington, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Antonio Limosani, BE BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Harry Morris Quiney, BSc(Hons) MSc Monash, Ling Lin, MSc PhD New Zealand DPhil Oxford Glenn Moloney, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Steven Trpkovski, BSc(Hons) PhD VUT Julius Orwa, MSc USA, PhD Melb Bart Pindor, BSc Canada PhD USA Lyle Fellow Olena Ponomarenko, MSc Ukraine, BMAT PhD Fulvio Melia, BSc(Hons) Melb PhD, MIT Newcastle Matthias Neubert, MSc PhD Germany Claire Rollinson, BSc VUT Edmund Wilson, BA MA Oxford Sergey Rubanov, MSc Russia PhD NSW Nicholas Setzer, BSc BA PhD USA Australian research fellow David Simpson, BSc(Hons) PhD VUT Nicoleta Dragomir, BSc Romania PhD UT GAIP Paul Spizzirri, BAppSc Swinburne PhD Melb David Vine, BSc(Hons) PhD Monash Australian postdoctoral fellows Benedict Von Harling, BSc MSc PhD Germany Adrian Flitney, BSc(Hons) Tas, PhD Adel Garth Williams, BSc Akron MS PhD Illinois Maximillian Scholosshauer, MSc Lund, MSc PhD Chris Witte, BSc(Hons) Melb UW Changyi Yang, BSc Nanjing, MSc Shanghai, PhD Lund

14 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au HONORARY academics Senior Fellows Brendan Allman, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb DipEd Professors Emeritus Monash MBA LaTrobe Herbert Bolotin, BSc CUNY MSc PhD Indiana DSc David Bardos, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb FAIP Mark Boland, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb David Caro, DSc(Hons) MSc LLB(Hons) Tas PhD Valery Natan Gurarie, MSc PhD Moscow Birm. OBE AE FACE FAIP Gareth Moorhead, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb GAIP Colin Arnold Ramm, MSc UWA PhD Birm FlnstP Graeme O’Keefe, BSc PhD Melb FAIP Salvy Peter Russo, BSc Melb PhD RMIT

Professorial Fellows Allan Clark, BSc(Hons) Tas, DPhil Oxford Fellows Tien Kieu, BSc(Hons) Qld PhD Edin Igor Andrienko, MSc PhD Russia MRACI Anthony George Klein, AM BEE PhD DSc Melb Vivianne Buzzi, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb PGDipMgmt FAA HonFAIP MBS Bruce HJ McKellar, BSc(Hons) PhD Syd DSc Melb, Jared Cole, PhD Melb FAA FInstP FAIP FAPS Roland Crocker, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Jeremy Mould, BSc(Hons) Melb PhD ANU Mukunda Das, MSc PhD India Barbara Etschmann, BSc(Hons) PhD UWA Principal Fellows with the title Duncan Galloway, BSc(Hons) PhD Tas Associate Professor David Hoxley, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Kenneth Albert Amos, BSc PhD Adelaide DSc Steven Karataglidis, BSc MSc Melb AssDipMusic Melb, FAIP PhD Melb Zwi Barnea, BSc MSc PolytechLNY PhD Melb Victor Kowalenko, BSc PhD Melb MAIP Martin Meyer, BA BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Leslie Arthur Bursill, DipEd BSc Melb, PhD Matthew O’Dowd, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Monash DSc Melb Victoria Millar, DipEd BSc(Hons) MSc Melb David Cookson, BSc(Hons) PhD Monash Alicia Oshlack, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Trevor Finlayson, BSc Qld PhD Monash Christopher Pakes, BSc(Hons) PhD Birmingham Norman Edward Frankel, BSc MIT PhD Melb Donald Payne, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Girish Chandra Joshi, BSc Agra MSc Alld PhD Andrew Peele, BSc LLB PhD Melb Delhi MAIP Carlos Peralta, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb James Jury, BSc MSc PhD Tor Andrew Alan Rawlinson, BSc PhD Adel Tomas Kron, BSc PhD Germany Patrick Reichart, PhD Munich George Legge, BSc(Hons) MSc PhD Melb Emma Ryan-Weber, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Fulvio Melia, BSc(Hons) Melb PhD MIT Juris Svenne, BASc Canada PhD MIT Edmund Gerard Muirhead, MSc PhD Melb MAIP Grigori Tamanyan, BSc Yerevan PhD Moscow Chris Ryan, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Ben Toner, BSc(Hons) Melb MSc PhD USA Vassilios Sarafis, BSc CBiol MIBiol UK Maurizio Toscano, DipEd BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Alan Edwin Charles Spargo, BSc PhD UWA MAIP Chanh Tran, BE BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Maxwell Norman Thompson, MSc PhD Melb DSc FAIP Phillip Urquijo, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Stuart Norman Tovey, BA Cambridge, PhD Bristol, Meryl Waugh, BSc(Hons) Monash DipEd TTC PhD MAIP Melb John William Graydon Wignall, BA BSc MSc Cameron Wellard, BSc PhD Melb Melb PhD Cambridge Richard Wilman, Mphys(Hons) PhD UK

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 15 professional staff Mrs Julie Warden Administrative Assistant (Finance) ADMINISTRATION

Ms Helen Conley, BSc Deakin DipEd Monash, Adv. Ms Hayley Wards Dip Gestalt Psycotherapy PA to Head & Administrator Executive Manager

Ms Stacey Watts, BA Swinburne and Cert Ms Rosslyn Ball Community Studies VUT PA & Administrator – Center of Excellence for Executive Assistant – Quantum Communications Coherent X-Ray Science Victoria

Ms Janet Carlon INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Administrator – Microanalytical Research Centre/ Mr Timothy Dyce, BSc(Hons) Center for Quantum Computer Technology Manager, IT services Research Computing Mananger Ms Tania Carrubba, Business (Accounting) Chisholm, BComm La Trobe Finance and Resources Officer Mr Sean Crosby System Administrator

Ms Cilla Gloger, NHDip Administration South Africa School Administrator Mr Sean Hooley IT Support Officer

Ms Marcia Damjanovich-Napoleon, BA UWA Finance and Resources Officer Ms Kathryn Sparks IT Support Supervisor

Ms Helga Kendy Reception (part-time) Mr Linh Vu, BComSci Melb Web and Database Administrator

Ms Joanne Kuluveovski, BSc (Hons) Melb Acting IT Mananger Research & Communications Manager Ms Kamala Lekange

Dr Joanna Gajewski, BSc (Hons) PhD MBA Melb Librarian Business and Marketing Manager – Quantum Communications Victoria LABORATORY SUPPORT Mr Achilleas Nicola, BAppSc RMIT Ms Shona McIntosh Laboratory Manager Reception (part-time) Mr Steven Damen, BSc Ballarat Mrs Lisa Lansfield, BA, DipML (Japanese) Melb Technical Officer Administrator - MWA Project, Astrophysics Mr Colin Entwisle, BSc(Hons) Melb Ms Tania Smith, GradCert VETiS and AdvDip Arts Teaching Administrative Officer VUT

Chief Executive Officer – Center of Excellence for Mr Philip Lyons Coherent X-Ray Science Technical Officer

Mr Russell Walsh Mr Jude Prezens, BAppSc RMIT Finance & Resources Manager Undergraduate Laboratory Assistant

16 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Mr Stephen Marshall, BSc DipEd Mr Scott Moncrieff Undergraduate Laboratory Assistant & Technical Officer EPP 2nd and 3rd Year Laboratory Coordinator Mr Jonathan Wayne Powrie, Certificates in Toolmaking, Fitter & Turner TECHNICAL SUPPORT Senior Technical Officer Mr Roland Szymanski, Postgrad Dip Vacuum Technolgy, Certificate Industrial Electronics Technical Manager Mr Sandor Szilagyi Senior Electronics Technician Mr Eliecer Bonilla Parra, Certificate Fitter & Turner Technical Officer Mr Michael Zammit, Certificate Fitter & Turner Technical Officer Mr Ashley French, Certificates in Mechanical Instrumentation Making, Fitter & Turner Technical Officer

Mr Philip Gargano Technical Officer

Mr Stephen Gregory, BAppSc(Hons), BE Melb Technical Officer

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 17 visitors

Visitors A/Prof Mark Kruse, BSc MSc New Zealand PhD USA Mr David Belton, BSc(Hons) JCU PhD Melb Department of Physics, Duke University, USA CSIRO

Mr James Lebeau, BS ME USA Dr Krzysztof Bolejko, MSc PhD Poland Materials Research Laboratory, University of Recipient Of The Grace And Patricia Gruber California, Santa Barbara, USA Fellowship From Nicolaus Copernius Astronomical Center, Warsaw Dr Weihua Liu, BEG MEG China PhD Monash CSIRO Exploration And Mining, School of Dr James Stewart, BoltonMphys(Hons) PhD UK Geosciences, Monash University, Australia Max Planck Institute Of Astrophysics, Germany

Prof Abraham Loeb, BSc MSc PhD Israel Prof Luciano Canton Professor of Astronomy and Director of The Institute Instituto Nazionale Fisica Nuclare, Italy For Theory and Computation at Harvard University

Prof Fu-Rong Chen, PhD USA Prof Fulvio Melia, BSc(Hons) MSc Melb MA Department of Engineering And System Science, Sunyphd MIT National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan School of Physics, University of Arizona and Lyle Fellow, University of Melbourne Prof Juansher (Jon) Chkareuli, MSc PhD Russia Andronikashvili Institute Of Physics, Tbilisi, Georgia Mr Nicolas Menicucci, BSc MSc USA School of Physics, University of Queensland Ms Stefanie Elbracht, BSc Germany University Of Karlsruhe, Germany A/Prof Emine Mese, BSc MSc Turkey PhD UK University of Dicle, Turkey Prof Eliezer Finkman, BSc MSc DSc Israel Department Of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Dr Matthias Neubert, MSc PhD Germany Israel Institute of Technology Director, Cornell Institute for High-Energy Phenomenology, Newman Laboratory for Prof Herbert Fried Elementary-Particle Physics, Cornell University, USA and Lyle Fellow, University of Melbourne Department Of Physics, Brown University USA

Dr Mark Oxley, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb A/Prof Chun-Soo Go, BA MA Phd Korea Oakridge National Laboratory USA Division Of Microelectronics And Display Technology, Wonkwang University, Korea Prof Stephen Pennycook, BA MA PhD USA Mr Christoph Hofmann, Dip Phys Germany Oakridge National Laboratory, USA Albert-Ludwigs University Of Freiburg, Germany Mr Rajib Rahman, BSc MSc USA Mr Gero Juergens, BSc Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University School of Physics, University Of Heidelberg

Ms Kirsty Rhook, BSc(Hons) Melb Prof Rafi Kalish, MSc PhD Israel Institute of Astronomy and Corpus Christi College, Institute Of Solid State Physics, Technion, Israel University of Cambridge, UK 18 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Prof Reuben Shuker, BSc Israel MSc PhD USA Physics Department, Gen-Gurion University, Israel

Prof Gerard Stephenson Jr, BSc PhD MIT University of New Mexico

Prof Dieter Suter, MSc PhD Switzerland Department of Physics, University of Dortmund

Mr Edward Taylor, BSc(Hons) Melb University of Leiden, The Netherlands

A/Prof Scott Tyo, BSE MSE PhD Pennsylvania A/Prof of Optical Sciences and Associate Professor Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA

A/Prof Edgar Vredenbregt, BSc MSc PhD The Netherlands Physics Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands

Prof Edmund Wilson, BA MA Oxford CERN, Switzerland and Visiting Professor at John Adams Inistitute, Physics Department, University of Oxford and Lyle Fellow, University of Melbourne

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 19 research funding

The School of Physics is proud of its success in competitive research grants, particularly from external funding sources such as the Australian Research Council as listed below.

Funding $ Primary Researcher Type Title Received (1st CI) for 2008 DISCOVERY PROJECTS (DP) A/Prof Les Allen et al Imaging in three dimensions beyond the nanoscale 102,278 Dr Shane Huntington et al Fractal based index profiles for a new class of optical fibre 95,000 Solid Light: frontiers and applications of solid-state cavity quantum Dr Andrew Greentree 200,000 electrodynamics Nanophotonic metamaterials: Metamaterials, extraordinary transmission A/Prof Ann Roberts et al 140,000 and sensing Developing grid technology to understand the Universal Matter-antiMatter A/Prof Martin Sevior et al 110,000 asymmetry Advancing the Australian High Energy Physics Prgroam Through an Era of Prof Geoff Taylor 145,000 Discovery Prof Rachel Webster Gravitational Lensing Studies of Quasars 114,000 A/Prof Stuart Wyithe Imaging the Dark Ages of the Universe 144,000 LINKAGES LIEF A/Prof Robert Scholten et al Laser facility for quantum optics, imaging and fabrication 400,000 LIEF Prof Geoff Taylor et al Support for the Australian Experimental High Energy Physics Program 270,000 LIEF Prof Rachel Webster et al Mileura Widefield Array: A New Low Frequency Telescope 750,000 LX A/Prof Stuart Wyithe et al The first galaxies and the end of the dark ages of the Universe 8,400 LX Prof Keith Nugetn et al Diffaractive Imaging using soft x-rays and electrons 14,052 LX Prof Steven Prawer et al Electron Emission from diamond 110,676

The School of Physics was also named on the following sucessful grants as a non-lead institution Funding $ Type Secondary Researcher Title Received for 2008 DISCOVERY PROJECTS (DP) Decoherence, time-asymmetry and the bohmian view of the quantum Dr Max Schlosshauer 64,000 world LINKAGES LIEF A/Prof Chris Chantler High accuracy spectroscopy under extreme conditions 700,000 Prof Steven Prawer, Prof Facility for imaging, manipulation and measurement of molecular scale LIEF 350,000 David Jamieson quantum materials

20 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au research seminar series

Speakers and visitors affiliated Professor Robert J. Schoelkopf, Department of with the School gave the following Applied Physics and Physics, Yale University, USA colloquia and seminars during 2008. Circuit QED: Quantum Optics with Superconducting Unless indicated elsewhere, the Circuits, 6-May lectures took place in the Laby or Dr Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic, CUDOS, School Hercus Theatres. of Physics, University of Sydney Design of high-Q cavities in photonic crystal slabs, Colloquia 13-May Professor Stephen Hyde, Department of Applied Dr Mark Junker, School of Physics, University of Mathematics, Australian National University Melbourne Geometry and materials: a dialogue, 30-Jan Controlling the Molecular Formation Rates in Dr Maria Varela, Materials Science & Technology Ultracold Atomic Collisions, 20-May Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Professor Andrew Blakers, Department of Advanced electron microscopy tools: Progress, Engineering, The Australian National University Challenges and Applications to Oxide Interfaces Solar Energy, 27-May 26-Feb Dr Cathy Foley, CSIRO, Materials Science and Dr Sven Rogge, Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Engineering Division, Sydney Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands SQUIDs in geomagnetism and prospecting, 1-Jul Atomistic understanding of transport through a single Dr Ursula Keller, Physics Dept, ETH Zurich, dopant atom in a MOSFET, 4-Mar Switzerland Professor Ken Ghiggino, School of Chemistry, Attosecond angular streaking and sub 100- University of Melbourne attosecond tunnelling time dynamics, 11-Jul Ultrafast spectroscopy of photosynthetic mimics, Dr Michael Smith, Department of Physics, 11- Mar University of Queensland Professor Yuri Kivshar, Australian Federation 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics: The discovery of giant Fellow, Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School magnetoresistance, 29-Jul of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University Associate Professor Mark Kruse, Department of Physics, Duke University, USA Light control and localization in periodic photonic structures, 18-Mar Closing in on the Higgs Boson, 5-Aug Professor Harald Fritzsch, Physics Department, Professor David Pegg, School of Biomolecular Univesitiy of Muenchen, Germany and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia [joint with Swinburne] Fundamental Constants in Physics and their Time Dependence, 1-Apr Age, the Complement of Energy, 12-Aug Professor Tien Kieu, Centre for Atom Optics Dr Ilya Shadrivov, Nonlinear Physics Centre, and Ultra Spectroscopy, Swinburne University of Research School of Physical Sciences and Technology, Australia Engineering, The Australian National University A Random Walk in Econophysics, 8-Apr Metamaterials: negative refraction, nonlinear phenomena, and cloaking, 19-Aug Dr Michael Murphy, QEII Research Fellow, Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne Dr Selena Ng, Areva Inc University of Technology An industry update on global nuclear power and the Varying fundamental constants?: Observational opportunities for Australia, 9-Sep status and future prospects, 15-Apr Professor Jörg Wrachtrup, Institute of Physics, Dr Roger Rassool, School of Physics, University of University of Stuttgart, Germany Melbourne Quantum Diamond, 24-Sep Accelerators and Beyond, 22-Apr www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 21 research seminar series

Associate Professor Joanne Etheridge, Professor Bruce McKellar and A/Prof Martin Director, Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Sevior, School of Physics, University of Melbourne Department of Materials Engineering, Monash The BELLE CP-violation anomaly, 9-Apr University Professor Tony Gherghetta, School of Physics, Determining local atomic structures using focussed University of Melbourne electron beams, 7-Oct A Gravity Dual of Single-Sector Supersymmetry Professor Martin Brandt, Walter Schottky Institut, Breaking, 16-Apr Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Germany Dr Lorenz von Smekal, Centre for the Subatomic Read-out of Phosphorus Donor Spin States, 14-Oct Structure of Matter, School of Chemistry & Physics, Professor Mukunda Das, Department of The University of Adelaide Theoretical Physics, Research School of Physical Apples and Pears in Landau Gauge QCD -- How Sciences and Engineering, Australian National Non-Perturbative does it get?, 23-Apr University Dr Archil Kobakhidze, School of Physics, University High Tc Superconductivity: The mystery we are ever of Melbourne after, 21-Oct Scale invariance and the origin of mass, 30-Apr Professor Matthias Neubert, Department of A/Prof Sergei Kuzenko, School of Physics, Physics, Mainz University, Germany and Lyle Fellow, University of Western Australia University of Melbourne Matter-coupled supergravity with eight supercharges: Precision Studies in the Quark Sector and the Search New results, 7-May for New Physics, 28-Oct Professor K. T. Mahanthappa, University of Dr Cait MacPhee, Royal Society University Colorado Research Fellow in Biological Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh CKM and Tri-Bimaximal MNS Matrices in a SU(5) x (d)T Model, 21-May Biological Physics – the challenges and the opportunities, 5-Dec Professor Carlton M Caves, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico and Dr Gregory Scholes, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Queensland University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada Quantum-limited metrology: Dynamics vs. entanglement, 11-Jun Light harvesting and coherence in multichromophoric systems: From Nature to nanoscale, 22-Dec DrLotty Ackerman, Caltech Imprints of a Primordial Preferred Direction on the Theory Seminars Microwave Background, 24-Jun A/Prof. Steve Weinstein, University of Waterloo, Professor Johann Rafelski, University of Arizona Canada and Perimeter Institute, Waterloo, Canada The QCD vacuum, 24-Jul A different kind of nonlocality, 13-Feb Dr Robert Foot, School of Physics, University of Professor Herbert Fried, Department of Physics, Melbourne Brown University, USA Implications of the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation Analytic, Non-Perturbative, Almost Exact QED signal for mirror matter dark matter, 27-Aug (ANPAEQED), 12-Mar Dr Nicholas Setzer, School of Physics, University of Professor Herbert Fried, Department of Physics, Melbourne Brown University, USA The Upside of Minimal Left-Right SUSY Seesaw In ANPAEQED II/From QED to QCD, A Direct Deflected Anomaly Mediation, 8-Oct Approach, 19-Mar Professor J.L. Chkareuli, E. Andronikashvili Professor Arkady Tseytlin, Imperial College, Institute of Physics, I. Chavchavadze State London, UK University, Tbilisi, Georgia Progress in AdS/CFT duality: strong coupling What can we learn from Spontaneous Lorentz corrections to cusp anomalous dimension, 26-Mar Violation?, 22-Oct Professor Harald Fritzsch, Physics Department, Professor Matthias Neubert, Mainz University, University of Munich, Germany Germany Flavor mixing and the neutrino masses, 2-Apr Flavor physics in a warped extra dimension, 7-Nov

22 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Professor Peter Bouwknegt, Department of Ned Taylor, School of Physics, University of Leiden Theoretical Physics, The Australian National The 10^11 M_sol Question: massive galaxy University formation and the rise of the red sequence, 29-Oct Gauge Theory and Langlands Duality, 12-Nov Dr Greg Madsen, School of Physics, University of Dr Sundance Bilson-Thompson, Perimeter Sydney Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Canada Interstellar Ionised Gas: The View from WHAM, Does the Standard Model emerge from Loop 12-Nov Quantum Gravity?, 9-Dec Dr Ilana Feain, Australian National Telescope Facility Preliminary Results from the first full aperture Astrophysics seminars synthesis image of Centaurus A, 19-Nov Dr Krzysztof Bolejko, Nicolaus Copernius Astronomical Center, Poland MARC seminars Inhomogeneous cosmology, 7-Feb Brett Johnson Dr Jim Condon, NRAO, Charlottesville, USA Hydrogen diffusion in amorphous Si formed by ion Dark Energy and the Hubble Constant, 28-Feb implantation, Raquel Salmeron, The Australian National Intrinsic and dopant-enhanced solid phase epitaxy in University amorphous germanium, 20-Mar Magnetic activity in protostellar disks, 15-May Susan Angus Bence Kocsis, Harvard Center for Astrophysics Electrical transport in diamond, 8-May Searching for the Electromagnetic Counterparts of Changyi Yang Supermassive Black Hole Mergers, 11-Jun Title to be announced, 15-May Matthew G. Baring, Rice University Barbara Fairchild Cosmic Ray Ion and Electron Acceleration in New TEM work, 22-May Relativistic Extragalactic Jets, 18-Jun Jessica van Donkelaar Professor Ray Norris, ATNF Title to be announced, 5-Jun ATLAS: Probing Galaxy and AGN evolution over cosmic time, 26-Jun Julius Orwa Maria Cunningham, School of Physics, University Title to be announced, 3-Jul of New South Wales Nikolas Stravrias The chemistry and dynamics of star formation in the Title to be announced, 23-Apr G333 molecular cloud complex, 16-Jul Andrew Alves Professor Gary Da Costa, Research School Title to be announced - presented at the CAARI of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian Conference, Texas, 10-Jul National University Does omega Centauri have tidal tails?, 5-Sep Byron Villis Title to be announced - presented at IUMRS-ICEM, Dr Duncan Galloway, School of Mathematical & Sciences, Monash University Igor Aharonovich The complex and puzzling phenomenology of thermonuclear X-ray bursts, 10-Sep Title to be announced - presented at IUMRS-ICEM, 17-Jul Professor Bob Carswell, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge Paul Spizziri Temperatures in the interstellar media in high redshift Electronic Raman Spectroscopy of Ion Implanted galaxies, 19-Sep Donors in Silicon - presented at IUMRS-ICEM, & Rick Perley, National Radio Astronomy Observatory Raman Spectroscopy of Silicon Nanowires - The Expanded Very Large Array, 7-Oct presented at IUMRS-ICEM, Charley Lineweaver, Australian National University & A comprehensive comparison of the Sun to other Alastair Stacey stars: searching for self-selection effects, 15-Oct www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 23 research seminar series

Title to be announced - presented at IUMRS-ICEM, Professor Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Visiting Professor, 24-Jul University of Oxford, UK & Professorial Fellow, Mansfield College, Oxford Dr Melanie Webb, University of Surrey, UK Our universe in poetry, pictures and music, 8-Dec New Developments in Ion Beam Analysis at University of Surrey, UK, 10-Oct Virginia Gill Completion Seminars Ni centers in diamond, 27-Nov Craig Everton Alon Hoffman, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Measurements of Three B -> D_s^+ Decays at Belle, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 15-Feb 32000, Israel Chris Witte Hydrogen in nano-diamond films: experimental and Modelling Electron Microscopy, 14-Mar computational studies, 11-Nov Jhan Srbinovsky Niels Perriens, Eindhoven University of Technology, Re-Ionization Of The Universe, 4-Apr Netherlands TCAD modeling of ion implanted FinFets, 18-Dec Matthius Vigelius Compact objects as sources and detecors of gravity cxs seminars waves, 18-Apr The CXS Free Public Lecture Series 2008 began in Paul Fraser February, with international and local speakers giving Aspects of Nuclear Mutli-channel Algebraic excellent presentations to the general public. For the Scattering, 9-May first time CXS video recorded a number of its public lectures and created podcasts which are available on Nikolas Stavrias the CXS website for free download and viewing. Measurement of wavefunction overlap of The lectures held in 2008 were: phosporous donors in silicon, 16-May Adrian Melchiori Professor Janos Hajdu, Uppsala University in The generation and application of the HIPASS Sweden and Standford University USA presented a Continuum Catalogue, 1-Aug lecture titled, Structures in a Flash! X-Ray Lasers, Exploding Robin Wedd Molecules and Biological Insights Evidence for Undiscovered Radiative B Meson Dr Jose N Varghese, CSIRO Molecular and Health Decays at the Belle Detector, 8-Aug Technologies presented a lecture titled, Avian Rebecca McFadden Influenza and the emergence of Influenza Pandemics UHE Neutrino Detection using the Lunar Cherenkov Professor So Iwata, Imperial College, London Technique, 29-Aug presented a lecture titled, Sandy Law High-hanging fruit worth the risk –Seeing the atoms Neutrino Models and Leptogenesis, 5-Sept in human membrane proteins Bryn Sobott Public Lectures Hybrid Pixel detectors, mice and cancer, 26-Sept Professor Hitoshi Murayama, Department of Damien George Physics, University of California, Berkeley, USA Domain-wall brane model building: from chirality to Flavor Physics ---from ice cream to the Universe--- cosmology, 10-Oct 6-Jun Viliami Takau New Techniques for Precise Measurement of Nuclear Processes 7-Nov

24 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au GOSS Sam Flewett Experimental investigations in wavefield recovery, & Adrian D’Alfonso Depth sectioning in the scanning transmission electron microscope, 28-Mar Lila Warszawski A coherent noise model of pulsar glitches, & Andrew Martin Determining wave fields from intensity measurements, 11-Apr Anna Phan Improving the ATLAS Trigger, 23-May Will Davey ATLAS the Chocolate Man, 15-Aug Melissa Makin Photon Behaviour in arrays of coupled cavities containing single two level atoms, & Anthony van Eysden Gravitational Radiation from Pulsar Glitches, 22-Aug Dr Krzysztof Bolejko An inhomogeneous alternative to dark energy & Dr Andrew Greentree Sub-harmonic resonances in a poly-chromatically driven two-level atom, 12-Sept Christine Chung The cross-correlation search for periodic gravitational waves, & Lachlan Whitehead Coherent Diffractive Imaging - The Next Phase, 19-Sept Nick Bate Quasar microimaging, & Barbara Fairchild A 200nm diamond sandwich, 3-Oct Anthony Morley Utilizing Early Data from the ATLAS Experiment, & Elaine Miles The Science of Art, 17-Oct

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 25 school-hosted conferences

CQCT workshops tpp workshop

Centre for Quantum Computer melbourne neutrino theory workshop, Technology Annual Workshop (18-20 ApR) (JUN) The Naval and Military Club, Melbourne Luminaries such as Alexei Smirnov, Hitoshi Approximately 80 delegates from the seven nodes Murayama, Evgeny Akhmedov, Boris Kayser and of the CQCT and research institutions such as many others provided a thorough examination of the Princeton, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, state of neutrino theory. University of Maryland, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Sandia National Laboratories and the United States Defence participated in the CQCT Annual Workshop in Melbourne over three days.

CQCT Annual Workshop

26 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au optics Workshop

International forum on future directions in atomic and condensed matter research and applications (22-23 Sep) University of Melbourne Organised by International Radiation Physics Society & School of Physics, University of Melbourne. The speakers and forum showed links between some of the key threads across disciplines from Physics & Chemistry through Synchrotron Science, Diffraction, Biophysics, Biomedicine & Engineering. The Forum began with experts on the fundamental side in theory and experiment and led towards diverse critical applications, finishing off with a forum to discuss key recent advances, personnel and Atomic and Condensed Matter Forum possible future linkages & efforts. The thread of Atomic and Condensed Matter theory and Science is crucial to several developing applications and opportunities across these fields, and this was a key focus. The number of international invited plenaries gave critical reviews of diverse areas and linked up to wider issues than their particular fields of expertise.

Cxs WORKSHOPs

2nd Advanced Optical Imaging Workshop, (Jan) University of Melbourne CXS Biological Samples and Preparation Workshop, (may) La Trobe University CXS Workshop in Detectors for Coherent X-ray Diffractive Imaging (may) Monash University Ultra-Cold Matter and Scattering Workshop, (Jun) University of Melbourne 3rd Annual CXS Workshop, Biologist and Physicists Working Together, (sep) Melbourne

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 27 postgraduates in progress

Master of philosophy in progress Bennett, Mark Francis Bruns Jr, Loren Richard Gravitational Waves from Newly Born Neutron Stars Modeling and movement analysis of gravitational lensing Bourke, Jay Investigation of X-ray absorption fine structure: Cadenazzi, Guido Andrew Development of theoretical models to describe Image Reconstruction in Fresnel Coherent interactions between X-rays and solid state/atomic Diffractive Imaging systems

Corro, Ivan Chung, Christine Tsung Yi Vortex lattice formation in Bose-Einstein The study of millisecond pulsars as sources of Condensates gravitational waves

Goldby, John Paul Crosby, Sean Christopher Chaos in open quantum systems New directions in ghost imaging

Islam, M Tauhidul Curwood, Evan Keith Analysis of scattering processes in X-ray absorption Modeling stereoscopic coherent x-ray diffractive fine structure and form factors imaging for biological samples

Jones, Gareth Rhys D’Alfonso, Adrian John Development of a novel position emission Depth sectioning in the scanning transmission tomography quantitative non-invasive arterial monitor electron microscope

Kidwani, Nader Maurice Davey, William Edwin Breaking of CP and CPT symmetries Electronic decay modes of the Higgs boson in ATLAS Petrie, Stephen Davidson, Nadia May Determining the Topologies of Ionised Hydrogen Regions Surrounding High-Redshift Quasars and Search for supersymmetry with the ATLAS detector Galaxies at LHC

Doherty, Marcus William doctor of philosophy in progress The implementation of diamond colour centres in Abdul Aziz, Nor Azah quantum communication devices High resolution x-ray imaging

Drumm, Daniel Warren Aharonovich, Igor Ab initio investigations of single atom defined Fabrication of nichel related single photon centres in nanostructures Diamond

Evans, Zachary William Ede Atkinson, Gerard Vincent Solid state quantum computing Measurement of Extinction and Bonding Effects in Extended-Face Crystals Fairchild, Barbara Anne Fabrication of a single mode wave guide in single- Bate, Nicholas Frazer crystal diamond Quasar microimaging

Fang, Jinghua Bell, Simon Christopher Study on diamond quantum dots with scanning Degenerate four-wave mixing in rubidium vapour cell probe microscope

28 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Flewett, Samuel Lee, Vivien Experimental investigations in wavefield recovery Enhancement of the PILTAUS detector for medical imaging Fraser, Paul Raymond A multi-channel algebraic scattering theory and Lugg, Nathan Robert predictions of low energy nucleon-nucleus reaction Modelling Atomic-Resolution Energy-Filtered cross sections Transmission Electron Microscopy

Geil, Paul Michael Magoulas, Christina Prospective signatures of high redshift quasar H11 Mass and Motions of the Local Universe regions Makin, Melissa Irene George, Damien Peter Photonic phase transitions Domain-wall brane models of an infinite extra dimension Malone, Alexander Arden Studies in Neutrino Astrophysics Gill, Virginia Sue Fabrication of NE8 colour centres in diamond Martin, Andrew Vincent Determining wave fields from intensity Glover, Jack Leigh measurements Experimental and theoretical investigation of X-ray mass-attenuation coefficients Mastrano, Alpha Superfluid hydrodynamics in neutron stars Goh, Xiao Ming Spatially varying near-resonant aperture array McFadden, Rebecca Angela devices for wavefront control UHE neutrino detection using the Lunar Cerenkov technique Henderson, Clare Anne Astigmatic phase retrieval of an optical vortex Mcguinness, Liam Paul Quantum optics in diamond crystal Jacques, Thomas David Studies in particle cosmology Melchiori, Adrian Guthrie Star formation Jasperse, Martijn Quantum squeezing by four-wave mixing in rubidium Miles, Elaine Robyn vapour Phase imaging in a scattering medium

Jong, Lenneke Maria Milicevic, Marko Quantum charge transport in counted-atom silicon Enhanced transmission through sub-wavelength devices apertures

Julius, T’Mir Danger Morley, Anthony Keith The Improvement of Correct Mode Identification of Studies in high energy physics with ATLAS B decays

Payne, Andrew Langford, Sally Victoria Critical Tests of QED Earth: A prototype extra-solar planet

Peake, David Joseph Law, Sandy Sheung Che The development of optimised electron injection Neutrino models and leptogenesis strategy for synchrotron beams

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 29 postgraduates in progress

Pesor, Nadine Elsie Su, Chun-Hsu Beyond the standard model of particle physics Cavity enhancement of single-photon sources for quantum communication and computing Phan, Anna Thuy Trang Physics with ATLAS Thompson, Jayne Elizabeth Membrane world models and extra dimensional Priymak, Maxim extensions to the standard model of particle physics Accretion induced gravitational wave emission from neutron stars in low mass x-ray binary systems Torrance, Angela Tanith Jones Fluctuation microscopy using soft X-rays Quach, James Quang Band structure of solid light Van Donkelaar, Jessica Anna Fabrication and application of precision arrays of Rab, Masum single atoms Dynamics of dilute gas Bose Einstein condensates Van Eysden, Cornelis Anthony Ruff, Andrea Joy Gravitational radiation from astrophysical phenomena Quasar wind models Villis, Byron John Saliba, Sebastian Dylan A defect study of silicon devices Ultracold plasmas in the laboratory and applications to astrophysical plasmas Wang, David Shao-Hua Fault-tolerant quantum computer architectures and Sammut, Letizia quantum algorithm simulations Direct detection of gravitational waves Warszawski, Lila Schubert, Anja Superfluids turbulence in astrophysics and Sensors suitable for medical imaging with pixel condensed matter physics detectors Wedd, Robin Heathcote Shao, Qi Tao The search of B - > K eta’ gamma decays at the belle Detection of the light Stop at the LHC detector

Sheludko, David Viktor Whitehead, Lachlan William Ultra cold plasma imaging High resolution imaging using partially coherent radiation Smale, Lucas Francis Experimental tests of QED in medium Z elements

Smith, Jason Adam Modelling Flocking Phenomena Through Physics

Sobott, Bryn Alexander An innovative pixel detector for x-rays

Stacey, Alastair Douglas Optical information processing with diamond

Stephens, Ashley Martyn Fault tolerant quantum computation

30 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Honours students

Research Higher Degree students

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 31 theses completions

We congratulate the Stephanou, Andreas following students The measurement of conceptual understanding in physics on their theses 23-Jan-2008 completions: Testolin, Matthew James Colton, Imogen Realistic read-out and control for Si:P based quantum Propagation based phase imaging of BEC computers 10-Apr-2008 22-Aug-2008

Doukas, Jason Andrew Vigelius, Matthias Black holes and higher dimensions Gravitational radiation from accreting neutron stars 18-Jun-2008 04-Dec-2008

Goh, Xiao Ming Wong, Oiwei Ivy Tomographic reconstruction of complex-structured Star formation and galaxy evolution of the local transparentspecimens using quantitative phase universe based on HIPASS microscopy 21-Feb-2008 09-Jan-2008

Kandasamy, Gajendran Controlling qubits: towards realistic and efficient gate operations for quantum computation 11-Apr-2008

Loftus, Caitlinn Maeve Integration of functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography data using independent component analysis 16-May-2008

Orbons, Shannon Michael Fabrication and characterization of nanometallic photonic devices 28-Feb-2008

Singh, Swati The study of spectral variability of quasars 25-Sep-2008

Srbinovsky, Jhan Aleksander Reionization of cosmic hydrogen 12-Nov-2008

32 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications

Astrophysics

prof Rachel Webster magnifications to constrain the sizes of the emission region in the quasar MG 0414+0534. In addition The Astrophysics group has further developed its a particular highlight was the tightest Tully-Fisher key programs in four major areas: gravitational waves relation ever measured, based on galaxies in the and neutron stars, reionization and cosmology, HIPASS survey. microlensing studies of quasars and the construction of a new low frequency radio telescope the MWA During 2008, at Boolardy in WA, in collaboration with MIT and Harvard in the USA, the Raman Research Institution • A/Prof Wyithe was awarded the David Syme in India and a group of Australian Universities. Research Prize from the University of Melbourne. Dr Melatos was CI on a new ARC DP to look at transient sources. During 2008 A/Prof Stuart Wyithe and his students • A/Prof Wyithe joined the National Committee for developed a new efficient method for calculating Astronomy. the ionization structure in the intergalactic medium surrounding the first stars. He has used this model • Dr Melatos received the Faculty of Science prize to calculate the structure that is expected in the for Higher Year teaching. emission around high redshift quasars that will be • Dr Melatos spent the second half of 2008 on observed by the MWA and other upcoming low- sabbatical as a Visiting Associate in Physics at frequency radio arrays. the California Institute of Technology, supported through the LIGO Long-Term Visitor Program. He also visited McGill University on an Edward A/Prof Wyithe also investigated the possibilities for Clarence Dyason Universitas Fellowship and cosmological observations using fluctuations in the gave an invited talk at an international plasma 21cm radio line at intermediate redshift. physics conference in Krakow. He completed his term as Chair of the International Steering Dr Andrew Melatos and PhD student Anthony van Committee of the Texas Symposium on Eysden calculated the gravitational wave signal Relativistic Astrophysics by overseeing the 24th from a new source: the recovery period following Symposium in Vancouver. a rotational glitch in a neutron star. The paper was • Three new postdoctoral fellows joined the recently selected as one of the Editorial Board’s group, Dr Bart Pindor to work on software 2008-09 Highlights in the leading journal Classical development for the MWA, Dr Hermine Landt and Quantum gravity. working on the spectral properties of quasars, and Dr Krzysztof Bolejko who spent a year with Dr Melatos and PhD student Matthias Vigelius the group as an IAU Gruber Fellow. published three-dimensional computer simulations • Three students completed their PhDs in 2008, Dr and analytic calculations of the stability of Jhan Srbinovsky, Dr Matthius Vigelius and Dr magnetically confined mountains on accreting Swati Singh. neutron stars. These are promising gravitational wave sources for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), so it is vital to understand their longevity and long-term structure. This research was picked up by New Scientist Online (March 2008).

Professor Rachel Webster continued her work on the microlensing of lensed quasars. With her collaborators, she utilised a new technique to use close pairs of lensed images with anomalous

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 33 group reports & publications

Astrophysics

Publications: Dicken D, Tadhunter C, Morganti R, Buchanan C, Anguita T, Schmidt RW, Turner EL, Wambsganss Oosterloo T & Axon D. 2008. The origin of the J, Webster R, Loomis KA, Long D & Mcmillan R. infrared emission in radio galaxies I. New mid- to far- 2008. The multiple quasar Q2237+0305 under a infrared and radio observations of the 2 Jy sample. microlensing caustic. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 480: Astrophysical Journal. 678 (2): 712-728. 327-334. Dijkstra M, Haiman Z, Mesinger A & Wyithe J. 2008. Bate NF, Floyd DJE, Webster R & Wyithe J. 2008. Fluctuations in the high-redshift Lyman–Werner A microlensing study of the accretion disc in the background: close halo pairs as the origin of quasar MG 0414+0534. Monthly Notices of the Royal supermassive black holes. Monthly Notices of the Astronomical Society. 391: 1955-1960. Royal Astronomical Society. 391: 1961-1972.

Blair DG, Barriga P, Brooks AF, Charlton P, Coward Dijkstra M & Loeb A. 2008. Requirements for D, Dumas J-C, Fan Y, Galloway D, Gras S, Hosken cosmological 21-cm masers. New Astronomy. 13: DJ, Howell E, Hughes S, Ju L, Mcclelland DE, 395-404. Melatos A, Miao H, Munch J, Scott SM, Slagmolen BJJ, Veitch PJ, Wen L, Webb JK, Wolley A, Yan Z & Geil PM & Wyithe J. 2008. The impact of a Zhao C. 2008. The Science benefits and Preliminary percolating IGM on redshifted 21-cm observations Design of the Southern hemisphere Gravitational of quasar HII regions. Monthly Notices of the Royal Wave Detector AIGO. Journal of Physics - Conference Astronomical Society. 386 (3): 1683-1694. Series. 122: 0120011-0120016.

Geil PM, Wyithe J, Petrovic N & Peng Oh S. 2008. Bolejko K & Andersson L. 2008. Apparent and The effect of Galactic foreground subtraction on average accelerations of the Universe. Journal of redshifted 21-cm observations of quasar HII regions. Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. 10: 0031-00315. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 390 (4): 1496-1504. Bolejko K & Lasky P. 2008. Pressure gradient and shell crossing singularities. In Clay R(ed), Australian Inada N, Oguri M, Becker RH, Shin M-S, Richards Institute of Physics 18th National Congress incorproating GT, Hennawi JF, White RL, Pindor B, Strauss MA, the 27th Plasma Science Conference. 216-222. Eisenstein D, Kayo I, Gregg MD, Johnston DE, Melbourne, Australia: Australian Institute of Physics. Kochanek CS, Hall PB, Castander FJ, Clocchiatti A, Anderson SF, Schneider DP, Bahcall NA, Sheldon Buchanan C, Gallimore JF, O’Dea CP, Baum SA, ES, Brunner RJ, Burles S, Turner EL, Rix H-W, Axon DJ, Robinson A, Elitzur M & Elvis M. 2008. Morokuma T, Keeton CR, Frieman JA, Scranton R, Infrared SEDs of Seyfert galaxies: Starbursts and the Kawano Y, Chiu K, Lupton R, York DG & Masataka nature of the obscuring medium. In Chary R, Teplitz F. 2008. The Sloan Digital Sky survey quasar lens HI & Sheth K(eds), Astronomical Society of the Pacific search. II. Statistical lens sample from the third data Conference Series. 381 18-23. San Francisco, United release. Astronomical Journal. 135 (2): 496-511. States: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Kastner JH, Thorndike SL, Romanczyk PA, Buchanan C, Kastner JH, Forrest WJ, Hrivnak BJ, Buchanan C, Hrivnak BJ, Sahai R & Egan M. 2008. Sahai R, Egan M, Frank A & Barnbaum C. 2008. The large magellanic cloud’s top 250: classification Spitzer IRS spectra of luminous 8 μm sources in of the most luminous compact 8 μm sources in the the large megallanic cloud. In Chary R, Teplitz HI large magellanic cloud. Astronomical Journal. 136 (3): & Sheth K(eds), Astronomical Society of the Pacific 1221-1241. Conference Series. 381 140-143. San Francisco, United States: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Landt H, Bentz MC, Ward MJ, Elvis M, Peterson BM, Korista KT & Karovska M. 2008. The near- Chung CTY, Galloway D & Melatos A. 2008. Does infrared broad emission line region of active galactic the accreting millisecond pulsar XTE J1814−338 nuclei. I. The observations. Astrophysical Journal precess? Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Supplement Series. 174: 282-312. Society. 391 (1): 254-267.

34 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Landt H & Bignall HE. 2008. On the relationship Oguri M, Inada N, Strauss MA, Kochanek CS, between BL Lacertae objects and radio galaxies. Richards GT, Schneider DP, Becker RH, Gregg MD, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 391: Hall PB, Hennawi JF, Johnston DE, Kayo I, Keeton 967-985. CR, Pindor B, Shin M-S, Turner EL, White RL, York DG, Anderson SF, Bahcall NA, Brunner RJ, Burles S, Castander FJ, Chiu K, Clocchiatti A, Eisenstein D, Li J, Shen Z, Miyazaki A, Huang L, Sault R, Miyoshi Frieman JA, Kawano Y, Lupton R, Morokuma T, Rix M, Tsuboi M & Tsutsumi T. 2008. The variability of H-W, Scranton R, Sheldon ES & Fukugita F. 2008. Sagittarius A* at 3-millimeters. Journal of Physics - The Sloan Digital Sky survey quasar lens search. Conference Series. 131: 0120071-0120076. III. Constraints on dark energy from the third data

release quasar lens catalog. Astronomical Journal. 135 Loeb A & Wyithe J. 2008. Possibility of precise (2): 512-519. measurement of the cosmological power spectrum with a dedicated survey of 21 cm emission after Payne D, Vigelius M & Melatos A. 2008. Burial of the reionization. Physical Review Letters. 100: 1613011- polar magnetic field of an accreting neutron star and 1613014. gravitational wave emission. In Yuan Y-F, Li X-D &

Lai D(eds), AIP Conference Proceedings. 968 (1): 227- Mastrano A & Melatos A. 2008. Non-ideal evolution 232. New York, United States: Springer Verlag. of non-axisymmetric, force-free magnetic fields in a magnetar. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Peralta C, Melatos A, Giacobello M & Ooi A. 2008. Society. 387: 1735-1744. Superfluid spherical Couette flow. Journal of Fluid

Mechanics. 609: 221-274. Mcnamara AL, Kuncic Z, Wu K, Galloway D & Cullen

JG. 2008. Compton scattering of Fe Kα lines in Privon GC, O’Dea CP, Baum SA, Axon DJ, Kharb magnetic cataclysmic variables. Monthly Notices of P, Buchanan C, Sparks W & Chaberge M. 2008. the Royal Astronomical Society. 383: 962-970. WFPC2 LRF imaging of emission-line nebulae in

3CR radio galaxies. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Melatos A, Peralta C & Wyithe J. 2008. Avalanche Series. 175 (2): 423-461. dynamics of radio pulsar glitches. Astrophysical

Journal. 672: 1103 -1118. Sadler EM, Ricci R, Ekers RD, Sault R, Jackson CA & De Zotti G. 2008. The extragalactic radio-source Meyer M, Zwaan MA, Webster R, Schneider S & population at 95 GHz. Monthly Notices of the Royal Staveley-Smith L. 2008. Tully–Fisher relations from Astronomical Society. 385: 1656-1672. an HI-selected sample. Monthly Notices of the Royal

Astronomical Society. 391: 1712-1728. Schulz NS, Kallman TE, Galloway D & Brandt WN.

2008. The variable warm absorber in Circinus X-1. Mitchell DA, Greenhill LJ, Wayth RB, Sault R, Astrophysical Journal. 672: 1091-1102. Lonsdale CJ, Cappallo RJ, Morales MF & Ord

SM. 2008. Real-Time Calibration of the Murchison Ticknor C, Parker NG, Melatos A, Cornish SL, O’Dell Widefield Array. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in DHJ & Martin A. 2008. Collapse times of dipolar Signal Processing. 2 (5): 707-717. Bose-Einstein condensates. Physical Review A. 78:

0616071-0616074. Mould J, Barmby P, Gordon K, Willner SP, Ashby

MLN, Gehrz RD, Humphreys R & Woodward CE. Van Eysden CA & Melatos A. 2008. Gravitational 2008. A point-source survey of M31 with the Spitzer radiation from pulsar glitches. Classical and Quantum space telescope. Astrophysical Journal. 687 (1): 230- Gravity. 25: 2250201-22502024. 241.

Vigelius M & Melatos A. 2008. Three-dimensional Mould J & Sakai S. 2008. The extragalactic distance stability of magnetically confined mountains on scale without Cepheids. Astrophysical Journal. 686 (1): accreting neutron stars. Monthly Notices of the Royal L75-L78. Astronomical Society. 386 (3): 1294-1308.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 35 group reports & publications

Astrophysics

Warszawski L & Melatos A. 2008. A cellular automaton model of pulsar glitches. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 390 (1): 175-191.

Wyithe J. 2008. A method to measure the mass of damped Lyα absorber host galaxies using fluctuations in 21-cm emission. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 388: 1889-1898.

Wyithe J. 2008. Redshifted 21-cm observations of high-redshift quasar proximity zones. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 387 (1): 469-480.

Wyithe J, Bolton JS & Haehnelt MG. 2008. Reionization bias in high-redshift quasar near- zones. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 383: 691-704.

Wyithe J & Loeb A. 2008. Fluctuations in 21-cm emission after reionization. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 383: 606-614.

Wyithe J, Loeb A & Geil PM. 2008. Baryonic acoustic oscillations in 21-cm emisson: a probe of dark energy out to high redshifts. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 383: 1195 -1209.

36 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications experimental particle physics (EPP)

A/Prof Martin Sevior already started in April using cosmic rays. In this commissioning phase the detector was functional The year 2008 saw two especially significant 24 hours a day for 7 days a week and every member milestones for the Experimental Particle Physics of the ATLAS collaboration was requested to group. The initial beam of the LHC accelerator, participate in 8 hour shifts to run the detector. Our servicing the ATLAS experiment and the Nobel Prize Postdoctoral Fellows and students did some of for Physics which prominently cited the results of those shifts. the Belle experiment. On 19 September 2008 one sector of the Large The academics of the EPP group are Elisabetta Hadron Collider warmed above superconducting Barberio, Roger Rassool, Geoff Taylor and myself. temperature leading to the release of helium gas into Our activities span Experimental Particle Physics, the tunnel. The incident was due to a faulty electrical detector development, accelerator physics research, connection between two magnets. computing grid development and Science Education An intense program to repair the damage and to refit outreach. The cornerstones of our research are further safety measures and control systems for the the ATLAS and Belle experiments at CERN in LHC is underway. Restart of the beam is scheduled Switzerland and KEK in Japan respectively in for the end of September 2009. Despite this delay, addition Dr. Rassool leads a very active group the ATLAS experiment continued the commissioning developing advanced particle detectors and of the detector with cosmic rays. innovations in accelerator physics. In 2008 Drs Antonio Limosani and Uli Felzmann joined our group The implications of this venture are enormous with as Research Associates as did Tim Dyce as Systems the possibility of the discovery of new particles Administrator. After many years of excellent service and physics beyond the standard model of our Glenn Moloney exchanged his position as Research understanding. One of the main goals remains the Associate for new opportunities in the corporate unearthing of the Higgs Boson, the quantum of world. the postulated all pervasive Higgs Field which is assumed to give all particles their mass. Although ATLAS it will be quite some time before the machine and On September 10th 2008 over a billion people world- its ensuing data have been refined sufficiently to wide watched with great anticipation the turn-on be able to identify the signatures of these Higgs of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It was a media particles, either way its discovery or non-discovery event of the significance of the first man stepping on will be momentous. If it is seen, it will be a triumph the moon. From the expected search for the “God for a theory that has given the answer to the very Particle” to fears of the end of the world, people basic question “Why are some particles more across the globe were fixated by the start of this massive than others?. If it is not seen it will be back incredible scientific instrument. to the drawing board as physicists grapple with the And in Australia, the media frenzy was no less most fundamental questions in our Universe. Either significant; not just as part of syndicated international way, it is certain that both ATLAS and its competitor news, but with scientists in Melbourne who have CMS will be adding to the scientific text books of the been part of this project from its very inception, future. giving first-hand accounts of the significance of the Belle project. Physicists from the EPP group contributed Belle is the experiment at the KEK asymmetric to the development and construction of detectors electron-positron accelerator which provides the in the very core of the ATLAS experiment, built to world highest luminosity collider makes copious exploit the LHC. We are now deeply into preparation numbers of B-mesons. Belle has made numerous for data-taking and analysis, both here and abroad, discoveries since it commenced data collection and will be ready to take full advantage of our key in 1999, including the observation of CP violation position in this unparalleled scientific adventure. in B-meson decays, the first such measurement The first beam was circulated through the outside the neutral kaon system. The significance LHC on the 10th September 2008. However, of Belle was recognized by the 2008 Nobel Prize the commissioning of the LHC detectors had for Physics, awarded to Nambu, Kobayashi and www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 37 group reports & publications experimental particle physics (EPP)

Maskawa for “the discovery of the origin of the novel analysis technique that significantly reduces broken symmetry which predicts the existence the background to this process which enables this of at least three families of quarks in nature”. The analysis to make an exceptionally theoretically clean citation prominently highlights the results of Belle. determination of the Standard Model parameter Vub. The EPP group has played a major role in the Belle Robin Wedd’s analysis of the extremely rare decay collaboration and has significantly contributed to the and complex B→Kη’γ decay was presented at success of this experiment. International Conference for High Energy Physics in Over the past year the KEKB accelerator has Philadelphia this year. acquired data on the Υ(1S), Υ(2S) and performed The Australian Tier-2 Computing Grid facility an energy scan at the Υ(5S) resonances as well as continues to contribute to the development of the acquiring more data the Υ(4S). The motivations for Belle Computing Grid. The KEK Laboratory has now these measurements were to search for interesting adopted the LHC Computing Grid infrastructure and as yet undiscovered new particles, including the and has incorporated our Tier-2 in the first batch of possibility of observing a very light Higgs or a dark off-site computing centers. At the end of 2008 we matter candidate via decays of the Υ(1S) resonance. launched an initiative to investigate Cloud Computing The energy scan at the Υ(5S) was motivated by for deployment at an upgraded Belle experiment. an anomaly observed by Belle in the decay rate of the Y(5S). The scan showed the existence of very Finally, Craig Everton has submitted his Ph.D. on the unusual features at these energies, the exact nature topic “Measurements of various B →Ds hh decays” of which is unknown and a feature of great interest which was based on Belle data. among Theoretical Physicists. Grid Computing The Physics highlight of Belle for 2008 was the When ATLAS begins operation it will produce publication of our measurements of direct CP roughly 15 million gigabytes of data per year, violation for B K+ - + + → π and B →K π. We observed a equivalent to 3 million DVDs or 1% of the total global 4.4 sigma discrepancy in the rate of CP violation digital information output. The Worldwide LHC for these two decays which is not expected from Computing grid (WLCG) is a massive, distributed, the Standard Model of Particle Physics. This result international computing infrastructure designed could either be the result of the effects of yet to enable analysis of this enormous data set. It undiscovered new particles although the possibility coordinates and shares processing power, data, of more mundane explanations are by no means applications and network resources from many ruled out either. Our result was published in thousands of linked computers. The EPP group has premiere science Journal, Nature and was widely played a leading role in the development of grid in reported in the press. Australia. In 2008 we contributed to the world-wide The Australian group continues to make significant effort to stress-test the WLCG and we participated contributions to Belle through data analysis and in the data challenges throughout the year via our computational GRIDs. This year our Research fully operational Tier-2 site. Associate, Antonio Limosani, presented his study Instrumentation and Accelerator of B→X_s Gamma to the Moriond Conference in Physics March 2008. This process is extremely sensitive to Physics beyond the Standard Model. Antonio’s In conjunction with the Australian Synchrotron, the measurement is the most precise and theoretically EPP group hosted an Accelerator Science School “clean” yet made. and Workshop in March, 2008. As a result, Ph.D. student David Peak was invited to spend 6 weeks Elisabetta Barberio organized the 2008 Heavy at CERN working on the advanced Compact Linear Quark and Lepton Conference at the University of Collider project. The advanced PILATUS Pixel Melbourne in 2008. This conference was very well detector was deployed at several experiments at the attended by the World’s experts in B-Physics and Australian Synchrotron as well as at the MAX-lab Neutrino Physics. Elisabetta won the right to host in Lund University in Sweden. The Instrumentation the conference because of the recognition of the group has active programs to improve the sensitivity work our group has made to the topic through our of PILATUS to higher Photon energies. This will involvement in Belle. enable it use in a wide range of Medical Radiation Phillip Urquijo’s measurement of the inclusive Physics applications. branching ratio for B→Xul was presented at the CKM2008 conference. Phillip has developed a

38 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Publications: Abdesselam A, Atkinson TME, Fares F, Moorhead G, Morley AK, Taylor G, Tovey S & Zsenel A. Aad G, Atkinson TME, Barberio L, Bischofberger M, 2008. The integration and engineering of the Davidson NM, Fares F, Kazi SI, La Rosa M, Moloney ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker Barrel. Journal of G, Moorhead G, Morley AK, Phan ATT, Sevior M, Instrumentation. 3: P100061-P1000663. Taylor G, Tovey S, Winton L & Zychacek V. 2008. The ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Abdesselam A, Atkinson TME, Moorhead G, Taylor Collidor. Journal of Instrumentation. 3: S080031- G & Zhu H. 2008. Engineering for the ATLAS S08003382. SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) end-cap. Journal of Instrumentation. 3: 050021-0500280. Abbiendi G, Barberio L & Zivkovic L. 2008. Inclusive jet production in photon–photon collisions at √see Abdesselam A, Moorhead G & Wu SL. 2008. from 189 to 209 GeV. Physics Letters B. 658: 185- The data acquisition and calibration system for 192. the ATLAS semiconductor tracker. Journal of Instrumentation. 3: 010031-0100322. Abbiendi G, Barberio L & Zivkovic L. 2008. Measurement of αs with radiative hadronic events. Ahmad A, Atkinson TME, Moorhead G & Zhelezko European Physical Journal C. 53 (1): 21-39. A. 2008. Alignment of the Pixel and SCT Modules for the 2004 ATLAS Combined Test Beam. Journal Abbiendi G, Barberio L & Zivkovic L. 2008. Search of Instrumentation. 3: P090041-P0900420. for Dirac magnetic monopoles in e+e− collisions with the OPAL detector at LEP2. Physics Letters B. Arinstein K, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, 663: 37-42. Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G & Zyukova O. 2008.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 39 group reports & publications experimental particle physics (EPP)

Measurement of the ratio B(D0 → π+π−π0)/B(D0 → A. 2008. Observation of anomalous Υ(1S)π+π- and K−π+π0) and the time-integrated CP asymmetry in Υ(2S)π+π- production near the Υ(5S) resonance. D0 → π+π−π0. Physics Letters B. 662: 102-110. Physical Review Letters. 100: 1120011-1120016.

Balagura V, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Chiang C-C, Limosani A, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo Moloney G, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. P, Wedd RH & Zukova O. 2008. Measurement of Observation of Ds1(2536)+ → D+π-K+ and angular B0 → π+π-π+π- decays and search for B0 → ρ0ρ0. decomposition of Ds1(2536)+ → D*+K0S. Physical Physical Review D. 78: 1111021-1111027. Review D. 77: 0320011-03200110. Choi S-K, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Moloney Barberio L, Boudreau J, Butler B, Cheung SL, G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Dell’Acqua A, Di Simone A, Ehrenfeld W, Gallas Observation of a Resonancelike Structure in the MV, Glazov A, Marshall Z, Mueller J, Placakyte R, π+-ψ’ Mass Distribution in Exclusive B → Kπ+-ψ’ Rimoldi A, Savard P, Tsulaia V, Waugh A & Young Decays. Physical Review Letters. 100: 1420011- CC. 2008. Fast shower simulation in the ATLAS 1420016. calorimeter. Journal of Physics - Conference Series. 119: 0320081-03200810. Fujikawa M, Barberio L, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. Bhardwaj V, Barberio L, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor High-statistics study of the τ- → π-π0ντ decay. G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. Observation of Physical Review D. 78: 0720061-07200622. B± → ψ(2S)π± and search for direct CP violation. Physical Review D. 78: 0511041-0511046. Goldenzweig P, Limosani A, Sevior M, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Evidence for Neutral Bitenc U, Dalseno JP, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, B Meson Decays to ωK*0. Physical Review Letters. Wedd RH & Zupanc A. 2008. Improved search for 101: 2318011-2318016. D0 -D(bar)0 mixing using semileptonic decays at Belle. Physical Review D. 77: 1120031-11200320. Hayasaka K, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zupanc A. 2008. Boland M, Dowd R, Leblanc GS, Peake DJ, Rassool New search for τ →μγ and τ →eγ decays at Belle. R, Spencer MJ & Tan Y-R. 2008. Accelerator Physics Letters B. 666: 16-22. Physics and operations at the Australian Synchrotron lightsource. In Clay R(ed), Australian Institute of Horii Y, Barberio L, Moloney G, Sevior M, Urquijo Physics 18th National Congress incorproating P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Study of the the 27th Plasma Science Conference. 53-56. suppressed B meson decay B- → DK-, D → K+π-. Melbourne, Australia: Australian Institute of Physics. Physical Review D. 78: 0719011-0719017.

Brodzicka J, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Iwabuchi M, Barberio L, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zwahlen Urquijo P & Zupanc A. 2008. Search for B+ → D*+π0 N. 2008. Observation of a new DsJ meson in B+ → Decay. Physical Review Letters. 101: 0416011- D(bar)0D0K+ decays. Physical Review Letters. 100: 0416015. 0920011-0920016. Kim HO, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyukova Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & Yuldashev BS. 2008. O. 2008. Study of intermediate two-body decays The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. Journal of in B(bar)0 → Σc(2455)0p(bar)π+. Physics Letters B. Instrumentation. 3: S080041-S08004334. 669: 287-293.

Chen J-H, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Kumar R, Limosani A, Taylor G, Wedd RH & Zyukova Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zupanc O. 2008. Evidence for B0 → Χc1π0 at Belle. Physical A. 2008. Observation of B0 → p(bar)pK*0 with a Review D. 78: 0911041-0911046. large K*0 polarization. Physical Review Letters. 100: 2518011-2518016. Kusaka A, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. Chen K-F, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Moloney G, Measurement of CP asymmetries and branching Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zupanc fractions in a time-dependent Dalitz analysis of B0 → (ρπ)0 and a constraint on the quark mixing angle φ2. Physical Review D. 77: 0720011-07200125.

40 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Nishio Y, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Lee SE, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Taylor G, Urquijo Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G & Zupanc A. 2008. P & Zupanc A. 2008. Improved measurement of Search for lepton-flavor violating τ → lV0 decays at time-dependent CP violation in B0→ J/ψπ0 decays. Belle. Physics Letters B. 664: 35-40. Physical Review D. 77: 0711011-0711016. Pakhlova G, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Moloney G, Lesiak T, Barberio L, Moloney G, Sevior M, Sevior M, Taylor G & Zupanc A. 2008. Observation Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zhulanov V. of the ψ(4415) → DD(bar)*2(2460) decay using 2008. Measurement of masses of the Ξc(2645) initial-state radiation. Physical Review Letters. 100: and Ξc(2815) baryons and observation of 0620011-0620016. Ξc(2980)→Ξc(2645)π. Physics Letters B. 665: 9-15.

Li J, Moloney G, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. Pakhlova G, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Moloney G 2008. Measurement of the Time-Dependent CP & Zyukova O. 2008. Measurement of the near- Asymmetries in B0 → K0Sρ0γ Decays. Physical threshold e+e- → DD(bar) cross section using initial- Review Letters. 101: 2516011-2516016. state radiation. Physical Review D. 77: 0111031- 0111035. Lin S-W, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zupanc A. 2008. Difference in Pakhlova G, Limosani A, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd direct charge-parity violation between charged and RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Observation of a Near- neutral B meson decays. Nature. 452: 332-335. Threshold Enhancement in the e+e- → Λc+Λc- Cross Section Using Initial-State Radiation. Physical Liu Y, Limosani A, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Review Letters. 101: 1720011-1720016. Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Search for B0 → J/ψφ decays. Physical Review D. 78: 0111061-0111065. Pakhlov P, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zhilich Livenstev D, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, V. 2008. Production of New Charmoniumlike States Moloney G, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. in e+e- → J/ψD(*)D(bar)(*) at √s ≈ 10:6 GeV. Physical Study of B → D**lν with full reconstruction tagging. Review Letters. 100: 2020011-2020015. Physical Review D. 77: 0915031-0915037.

Miyazaki Y, Barberio L, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor Peake DJ, Boland MJ, Leblanc GS & Rassool R. G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. Search for lepton 2008. Measurement of the real time fill-pattern at flavor violating τ decyas into three leptons. Physics the Australian Synchrotron. Nuclear Instruments Letters B. 660: 154-160. & Methods in Physics Research Section A - Accel Spectrom Detect & Assoc Equip. 589: 143-149. Mizuk R, Barberio L, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. Observation of two resonancelike Sahoo H, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, structures in the π+Χc1 mass distribution in Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd exclusive B(overbar)0 → K-π+Χc1 decays. Physical RH & Zupanc A. 2008. Measurements of time- Review D. 78: 0720041-07200414. dependent CP violation in B0 → ψ(2S)K0S decays. Physical Review D. 77: 0911031-091103. Morley AK. 2008. Alignment of the ATLAS silicon tracker. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Schwanda C, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Research Section A - Accel Spectrom Detect & Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH Assoc Equip. 596: 32-35. & Zupanc A. 2008. Measurement of the moments of the photon energy spectrum in B → Xsγ decays and determination of |Vcb| and mb at Belle. Physical Nakahama Y, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Review D. 78: 0320161-03201613. Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G & Zyukova O. 2008. Measurement of time-dependent CP-violating parameters in B0 → K0sK0s decays. Physical Seidl R, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Urquijo Review Letters. 100: 1216011-1216015. P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Measurement of azimuthal asymmetries in inclusive production of hadron pairs in e+e- annihilation at √s = 10.58 GeV. Physical Review D. 78: 0320111-03201124. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 41 group reports & publications experimental particle physics (EPP)

Staric M, Barberio L, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyokova O. 2008. Search for a CP asymmetry in Cabibbo-suppressed D0 decays. Physics Letters B. 670: 190-195.

Taniguchi N, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Measurement of branching fractions, isospin and CP-violating asymmetries for exclusive b → dγ modes. Physical Review Letters. 101: 1118011- 1118016.

Uchida Y, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Search for B(over-bar)0 → Λc+Λ(over-bar)c- decay at Belle. Physical Review D. 77: 0511011-0511016.

Uehara S, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zupanc A. 2008. Study of Wicht J, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior charmonia in four-meson final states produced in M, Taylor G & Zwahlen N. 2008. Observation of two-photon collisions. European Physical Journal C. B0s → φγ and search for B0s → γγ decays at Belle. 53: 1-14. Physical Review Letters. 100: 1218011-1218016.

Uehara S, Barberio L, Limosani A, Sevior M, Widhalm L, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Moloney G, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2008. High-statistics measurement of neutral-pion pair Measurement of B(D+s → μ+νμ). Physical Review production in two-photon collisions. Physical Review Letters. 100: 2418011-2418016. D. 78: 0520041-05200417. Wu Q, Challis RA, Hyett NM, Kent NJM, Moorhead G, Poulsen CA, Sevior M, Taylor G, Tovey S, Winton Ushiroda Y, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Moloney G, L & Zuccon P. 2008. A precise measurement of the Sevior M, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. Time- muon neutrino–nucleon inclusive charged current dependent CP-violating asymmetry in B0 → ρ0γ cross section off an isoscalar target in the energy decays. Physical Review Letters. 100: 0216021- range 2.5< Eν < 40 GeV by NOMAD. Physics 0216025. Letters B. 660: 19-25.

Wei J-T, Barberio L, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Yuan CZ, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Moloney Wedd RH & Zupanc A. 2008. Study of the decay G, Sevior M, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2008. mechanism for B+ → ρρ(bar)K+ and B+ → ρρ(bar)π+. Observation of e+e- → K+K-J/ψ via initial-state Physics Letters B. 659: 80-86. radiation at Belle. Physical Review D. 77: 0111051- 0111056. Wei J-T, Limosani A, Moloney G, Taylor G & Zyukova O. 2008. Search for B → πl+l- decays at Belle. Physical Review D. 78: 0111011-0111016.

Wicht J, Barberio L, Dalseno JP, Limosani A, Moloney G, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zwahlen N. 2008. Search for resonant B±→K±h→K±γγ decays at Belle. Physics Letters B. 662: 323-329.

42 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications micro-analytical research centre (MARC)

dr jeff mccallum the other two orthogonal directions. Modification of laboratory space to house this system has The Microanalytical Research Centre (MARC) commenced and the fridge is expected to arrive undertakes research focused on advanced materials early in 2010. and device fabrication and characterization. Silicon The ion beam program has focused on implantation and diamond are the two key materials that of devices with small numbers of P-atoms. Some dominate much of the research effort of the MARC of the key devices fabricated in collaboration with group. MARC hosts the experimental program of UNSW have included structures to investigate the Melbourne node of the Australian Research tunneling through single P atoms and Si MOS Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computer quantum dot devices based on the concept Technology (CQCT). This is a flagship research successfully demonstrated by Angus et al., Nano activity. The CQCT has an international reputation Letters 7, 2051 (2007), and modified to incorporate in development of quantum computer technology a small number of P atoms within close proximity to with a strong focus on silicon-based quantum device the quantum dot. The implanted transport devices structures. The Melbourne node of the Centre is provide encouraging evidence of tunneling occurring headed by Prof. Lloyd Hollenberg, who also leads through donor states but further characterization is the Centre’s theoretical program. The experimental underway to confirm this. The MOS architecture programs at Melbourne hinge on our expertise samples have been fabricated with a few P donors in single ion implantation, lead by Prof. David in proximity to a gate defined SET island. The Jamieson, for single atom quantum bit formation and SET island acts as the electron reservoir for spin- materials characterization and development. There is dependent tunneling between the reservoir and the very strong collaboration between researchers at the nearby donors. These devices are yielding a wealth Melbourne node and researchers at the other major of information about control and measurement of nodes, particularly the team at the University of New donor states and are an important step towards Si South Wales (UNSW). The diamond group within qubits. MARC is lead by Prof. Steven Prawer. This group has developed an international reputation in the field A key goal for the ion beam program is the of diamond-based quantum optics and quantum implementation of the step and repeat concept for computing and is now working towards major the fabrication of arrays of single atoms in silicon developments in the bionic eye program. Quantum using a piezo-controlled stage to step a nano- Communications Victoria (QCV) grew out of the aperture across a sample surface and implanting diamond based quantum optics research and has individual ions through the aperture. In 2008 the developed a commercial product: a single photon existing concept was refined by the development of source, that is one of the building blocks required for methods for precision alignment of the nanostencil quantum key distribution. The MARC group also has with the substrate. A prototype system was strong research linkages with the Australian National developed to test the operation of a scanned University, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology nanostencil masking a beam of keV ions. The and other research groups worldwide. recently acquired AttocubeTM three axis positioning stack is being used to hold the nanostencil In 2008, the Melbourne node of the CQCT took perpendicular to the incident ion beam. Tests of the an important step towards developing its own apparatus by irradiating PMMA through the aperture quantum measurement program to supplement using a 14 keV Ar ion beam have yielded very and strengthen the Centre’s overall capacity in this encouraging results. Now, formation of patterned vital activity. Under the expert direction of Dr Susan doped structures in silicon is being explored. Angus a new cryogen-free system has been scoped and purchased from Leiden Cryogenics. This system Deep level transient spectroscopy continues to will be capable of a base temperature < 15 mK, with play a central role in monitoring the quality of the a cooling power of 450 W at 120 mK. The system materials produced by the Centre. Interface trap will also be equipped with a superconducting 3D densities continue to be produced at an acceptably vector magnet, allowing application of magnetic low level. With the technique now in routine use, fields up to 9T in one direction and 1T in each of various aspects of the fabrication process have been studied. In addition, the first measurement www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 43 group reports & publications micro-analytical research centre (MARC) of the fixed oxide charge was performed. This Publications: measurement has in part prompted a more robust MOS design containing guard rings to shield against Aharonovich I, Zhou C, Stacey AD, Treussart F, Roch any leakage between adjacent devices. Process J & Prawer S. 2008. Formation of color centers optimization using these techniques has also been in nanodiamonds by plasma assisted diffusion applied to aspects of the spin-dependent transport of impurities from the growth substrate. Applied device produced by the Quantum Measurement Physics Letters. 93: 2431121-2431123. node last year. In a variation on the device, the Alves A, Van Donkelaar JA, Rubanov S, Reichart appropriate fabrication steps were determined P, Jamieson D, Taylor ML, Franich RD & Johnston for the formation of arsenic leads by implantation PN. 2008. Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy through an oxide. Through collaboration with this of Nanoscale Apertures. Korean Physical Society. node it is hoped the device can be further developed Journal. 53 (6): 3704-3708. as a promising means for qubit control. Brett Johnson started as a post-doctoral Ampem-Lassen E, Sidiroglou F, Peng JL, Huntington research fellow with the Centre this year. S & Roberts A. 2008. Index mapping for fibers with He brings a background in ion implantation symmetric and asymmetric refractive index profiles. induce defect characterisation to the Centre Optics Express. 16 (15): 10912-10917. and is currently working to identify defect Angus S, Ferguson AJ, Dzurak AS & Clark RG. 2008. minimization and measurement strategies in A silicon radio-frequency single electron transistor at quantum device fabrication. 4.2K. In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of The diamond group has enjoyed considerable the 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience success and international recognition for and Nanotechnology. 145-147. Melbourne, Australia: its work on development of optical centres IEEE Press. in diamond for potential applications in Angus S, Ferguson AJ, Dzurak AS & Clark RG. 2008. quantum computing. For example, the article A silicon radio-frequency single electron transistor. “Diamond for Quantum Computing” by Steven Applied Physics Letters. 92: 1121031-1121033. Prawer and Andrew D. Greentree appeared in Science this year: Science 20 June 2008, Brugger J, Etschmann B, Pownceby M, Liu W, Vol. 320. no. 5883, pp. 1601 - 1602. The Grundler P & Brewe D. 2008. Oxidation state of diamond group has also been very successful europium in scheelite: Tracking fluid–rock interaction in MeV and focused ion beam processing of in gold deposits. Chemical Geology. 257: 26-33. diamond to form free-standing membranes Bulatovic N, Hutchison WD, Spizzirri P, Mccallum and waveguide and cavity structures and J, Stavrias N & Prawer S. 2008. A Study of the has strong international linkages in this Activation of Ion Implanted Phosphorus Donors in important area of development for future Silicon Using ESR. In Cortie MB(ed), Proceedings of quantum optical and engineering applications ‘Wagga 2008: The 32nd Annual Condensed Matter of diamond. and Materials Meeting. 1-4. Melbourne, Australia: In 2008 there have been quite a few Australian Institute of Physics. awards and distinctions. Dr Susan Angus Cole J, Greentree A, Hollenberg L & Das Sarma S. was awarded the Malcolm Chaiken Prize for 2008. Spatial adiabatic passage in a realistic triple the best 2008 Ph.D thesis in Engineering well structure. Physical Review B. 77: 2354181- at UNSW. Dr Angus was also selected to 23541810. participate in the Australian National Fresh Science Program. Prof. David Jamieson and Doubleday Z, Belton D, Pecl G & Semmens J. 2008. Prof. Andrew Dzurak were joint finalists in the Quantitative elemental imaging of octopus stylets Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Scientific using PIXE and the nuclear microprobe. Nuclear Research and Prof. Steven Prawer received Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section the Royal Society of Victoria Research Medal B - Beam Interact with Materials and Atoms. 266: for Physical Sciences, Category IV. 67-72.

In 2009 we look forward to continued Draganski MA, Fairchild BA, Alves A, Finkman E, international success for the MARC group and Orwa J, Rubanov S, Gibson B, Ganesan K, Spizzirri P, the CQCT. Greentree A, Johnston PN, Jamieson D & Prawer S. 2008. The refractive index of ion implanted diamond. In Clay R(ed), Australian Institute of Physics 18th

44 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au National Congress incorproating the 27th Plasma Hopf TF, Yang C, Hearne S, Jamieson D, Gauja Science Conference. 175-178. Melbourne, Australia: E, Andresen SE & Dzurak AS. 2008. Low-Noise Australian Institute of Physics. Detection System for the Counted Implantation of Single Ions in Silicon. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Evans ZWE & Stephens AM. 2008. Message Science. 55 (2): 812-816. passing in fault-tolerant quantum error correction. Physical Review A. 78: 0623171-0623177. Hossain F, Doherty MW, Wilson HF & Hollenberg L. 2008. Ab Initio Electronic and Optical Properties Fairchild BA, Olivero P, Rubanov S, Greentree A, of the N — V- Center in Diamond. Physical Review Waldermann F, Taylor RA, Walmsley I, Smith JM, Letters. 101: 2264031-2264034. Huntington S, Gibson B, Jamieson D & Prawer S. 2008. Fabrication of Ultrathin Single-Crystal Hudson FE, Ferguson AJ, Escott CC, Yang C, Diamond Membranes. Advanced Materials. 20: Jamieson D, Clark RG & Dzurak AS. 2008. Gate- 4793-4798. controlled charge transfer in Si:P double quantum dots. Nanotechnology. 19: 1954021-1954025. Fu K-MC, Santori C, Aharonovich I, Prawer S, Meyer N, Holm AM & Beausoleil RG. 2008. Coupling Johnson B, Atanacio AJ, Prince KE & Mccallum J. of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond to a GaP 2008. Boron enhanced H diffusion in amorphous Si waveguide. Applied Physics Letters. 93: 2341071- formed by ion implantation. In Pawlak BJ, Suguro K, 2341073. Law M & Pelaz ML(eds), Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. 1070 E05-051-E05-056. Greentree A, Fairchild BA, Hossain F & Prawer S. Pennsylvania, United States: Materials Research 2008. Diamond integrated quantum photonics. Society. Materials Today. 11 (9): 22-31. Johnson B, Gortmaker P & Mccallum J. 2008. Greentree A, Jong LM, Van Donkelaar JA, Devitt SJ, Intrinsic and dopant-enhanced solid phase epitaxy Cole J, Stephens AM, Jamieson D & Hollenberg L. in amorphous Germanium. In Pawlak BJ, Suguro K, 2008. Spatial adiabatic passage as a quantum wire. Law M & Pelaz ML(eds), Materials Research Society In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the Symposium Proceedings. 1070 E05-061-E05-066. 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Pennsylvania, United States: Materials Research Nanotechnology. 156-159. Melbourne, Australia: Society. IEEE Press. Johnson B, Gortmaker P & Mccallum J. 2008. Hill C & Ralph J. 2008. Weak measurement and Intrinsic and dopant-enhanced solid-phase epitaxy control of entanglement generation. Physical Review in amorphous germanium. Physical Review B. 77: A. 77: 0143051-0143054. 2141091-21410912. Hiscocks MP, Ganesan K, Gibson B, Huntington Jong LM, Greentree A, Conrad VI, Hollenberg L & S, Ladouceur F & Prawer S. 2008. Diamond Jamieson D. 2008. Coherent Tunneling Adiabatic waveguides fabricated by reactive ion etching. Passage with the Alternating Coupling Scheme. Optics Express. 16 (24): 19512-19519. In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the Hiscocks MP, Kaalund CJ, Ladouceur F, Huntington 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and S, Gibson B, Trpkovski S, Simpson D, Ampem- Nanotechnology. 160-163. Melbourne, Australia: Lassen E & Prawer S. 2008. Diamond waveguides: IEEE Press. toward an all-diamond platform. In Krolikowski WZ, Laird J, Chen Y, Scheick L, Vo T & Johnston A. Soukoulis CM, Lam PK, Davis TJ, Fan S & Kivshar 2008. Scanning picosecond tunable laser system for YS(eds), Proceedings of SPIE on CD-Rom. 6801 simulating MeV heavy ion-induced charge collection 68010J1-68010J8. Washington, United States: SPIE events as a function of temperature. Review of - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Scientific Instruments. 79: 0837051-08370510. Hiscocks MP, Kaalund CJ, Ladouceur F, Huntington Laird J, Onoda S & Hirao T. 2008. Relaxation of S, Gibson B, Trpkovski S, Simpson D, Ampem- high-energy heavy-ion induced bipolar plasmas in Lassen E, Prawer S & Butler JE. 2008. Reactive Si epilayer devices as a function of temperature. ion etching of waveguide structures in diamond. Journal of Applied Physics. 104: 0845101-0845109. Diamond and Related Materials. 17: 1831-1834. Laird J, Onoda S, Hirao T & Ohyama H. 2008. Hiscocks MP, Ladouceur F, Ganesan K, Gibson Simulation of impulse response degradation from B & Prawer S. 2008. Progress towards achieving irradiation induced trapping and recombination diamond waveguides. In Eggleton B(ed), OECC/ regions in an InGaAs on InP photodetector. Journal AOFT 2008 Conference. 1-2. Melbourne, Australia: of Applied Physics. 104: 0845111-08451110. Australian Optical Society. Lansbergen GP, Rahman R, Caro J, Biesemans S, Hopf TF, Yang C, Andresen SE & Jamieson D. 2008. Klimeck G, Hollenberg L & Rogge S. 2008. Transport The response of silicon detectors to low-energy ion spectroscopy of a single atom in a FinFET. Journal implantation. Journal of Physics - Condensed Matter of Physics - Conference Series. 109: 0120031- . 20: 4152051-4152047. 0120035. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 45 group reports & publications micro-analytical research centre (MARC)

Lansbergen GP, Rahman R, Wellard C, Rutten PE, Orbons SM, Haftel MI, Schlockermann C, Freeman Caro J, Woo I, Colleart N, Biesemans S, Klimeck G, D, Milicevic M, Davis TJ, Luther-Davies B, Jamieson Hollenberg L & Rogge S. 2008. Determination of the D & Roberts A. 2008. Dual resonance mechanisms eigenstates and wavefunctions of a single gated As facilitating enhanced optical transmission in coaxial donor. In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of waveguide arrays. Optics Letters. 33 (8): 821-823. the 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience Orbons SM, Milicevic M, Rollinson C, Gibson and Nanotechnology. 164-167. Melbourne, Australia: B, Huntington S, Jamieson D, Luther-Davies B, IEEE Press. Freeman D, Haftel MI, Schlockerman C, Davies TJ & Lansbergen GP, Rahman R, Wellard C, Woo I, Caro Roberts A. 2008. Plasmonic nanoresonant materials. J, Collaert N, Biesemans S, Klimeck G, Hollenberg In Krolikowski WZ, Soukoulis CM, Lam PK, Davis L & Rogge S. 2008. Gate-induced quantum- TJ, Fan S & Kivshar YS(eds), Proceedings of SPIE confinement transition of a single dopant atom in a on CD-Rom. 6801 68010I1-68010I9. Washington, silicon FinFET. Nature Physics. 4 (8): 656-661. United States: SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Lau D, Livett M & Prawer S. 2008. Application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to Paradowska AM, Price JWH, Ibrahim R & Finlayson the analysis of natural resins in artworks. Journal of T. 2008. Neutron diffraction evaluation of residual Raman Spectroscopy. 39: 545-552. stress for several welding arrangements and comparison with fitness-for-purpose assessments. Lau D, Villis C, Furman S & Livett M. 2008. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology. 130: Multispectral and hyperspectral image analysis of 0115011-0115017. elemental and micro-Raman maps of cross-sections from a 16th century painting. Analytica Chimica Acta. Pardowska AM, Price JWH & Finlayson T. 2008. 610: 15-24. Efficient use of available techniques to measure residual stresses in welded components. In Lewis RA, Spizzirri P, Stavrias N & Prawer S. 2008. Vollersten F & Sakkiettibutra J(eds), Thermal Far-infrared spectroscopy of P ion-implanted Si. Forming and Welding Distortion. 1-12. Bremen, In Clay R(ed), Australian Institute of Physics 18th Germany: BIAS Verlag. National Congress incorproating the 27th Plasma Science Conference. 96-99. Melbourne, Australia: Prawer S & Greentree A. 2008. Diamond for Australian Institute of Physics. quantum computing. Science. 320: 1601-1602.

Makin MI, Cole J, Tahan C, Greentree A & Price JWH, Ziara-Paradowska A, Joshi S, Finlayson Hollenberg L. 2008. Phase transitions in photonic T, Semetay C & Nied H. 2008. Comparison of cavities: exact vs. mean-field. In Mulvaney P & experimental and theoretical residual stresses in Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the 2008 International welds: The issue of gauge volume. International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 50: 513-521. 168-171. Melbourne, Australia: IEEE Press. Rab M, Cole J, Parker N, Greentree A, Hollenberg Makin MI, Cole J, Tahan C, Hollenberg L & L & Martin A. 2008. Spatial coherent transport of Greentree A. 2008. Quantum phase transitions in interacting dilute Bose gases. Physical Review A. 77: photonic cavities with two-level systems. Physical 0616021-0616024. Review A. 77: 0538191-05381910. Rollinson C, Huntington S, Gibson B, Rubanov S Mccallum J, Dunn ML & Gauja E. 2008. Ion & Canning J. 2008. Nanostructures in tapered air- implantation through thin silicon dioxide layers for silica fibres. In Eggleton B(ed), OECC/AOFT 2008 Si-based solid-state quantum computer device Conference. 1-2. Melbourne, Australia: Australian development. In Cracium V, Kumar D, Pennycook Optical Society. SJ & Singh KK(eds), Materials Research Society Sanders BC, Hollenberg L, Edmundson D & Symposium Proceedings. 1074 112-051-112-056. Edmundson A. 2008. Visualizing a silicon quantum Pennsylvania, United States: Materials Research computer. New Journal of Physics. 10: 1250051- Society. 12500520. Mitic M, Petersson KD, Cassidy MC, Starrett RP, Sharma M, Pollard J, Mendez A, Mills D, O’Byrne Gauja E, Ferguson AJ, Yang C, Jamieson D, Clark J, Scott D, Hagon S, Gribble J, Kirkup L, Livett M, RG & Dzurak AS. 2008. Bias spectroscopy and Low D, Merchant A, Rayner A, Swan G, Zadnik M & simultaneous single-electron transistor charge state Zealey W. 2008. What does a physics undergraduate detection of Si:P double dots. Nanotechnology. 19: education give you? A perspective from Australian 2652011-2652015. physics. European Journal of Physics. 29 (1): 59-72.

46 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Simpson D, Gibbs WEK, Collins SF, Blanc W, Villis BJ, Spizzirri P, Johnson B & Mccallum J. 2008. Dussardier B, Monnom G, Peterka P & Baxter GW. Dislocation related band-edge photoluminescence 2008. Visible and near infra-red up-conversion in in boron-implanted silicon. In Mulvaney P & Khan Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped silica fibers under 980 nm A(eds), Proceedings of the 2008 International excitation. Optics Express. 16 (18): 13781-13799. Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 214-217. Melbourne, Australia: IEEE Press. Spizziri PG, Arsat R, Breedon M, Shafiei M, Gilje RB, Kaner RB, Kalantar-zadeh K, Wlodarski W. Waldermann FC, Sussman BJ, Nunn J, Lorenz VO, Graphene-like nano-sheets for surface acoustic Lee KC, Surmacz K, Lee KH, Jaksch D, Walmsley IA, wave gas sensor applications. Chemical Physics Spizzirri P, Olivero P & Prawer S. 2008. Measuring Letters. 467, 344. phonon dephasing with ultrafast pulses using Steger M, Yang A, Stavrias N, Thewalt MLW, Raman spectral interference. Physical Review B. 78: Riemann H, Abrosimov NV, Churbanov MF, Gusev 1552011-1552016. AV, Bulanov AD, Kovalev ID, Kaliteevskii AK, Godisov Wu E, Rabeau JR, Treussart F, Zeng H, Grangier B, ON, Becker P & Pohl H-J. 2008. Reduction of the Prawer S & Roch J-F. 2008. Nonclassical photon Linewidths of Deep Luminescence Centers in 28Si statistics in a single nickel–nitrogen diamond color Reveals fingerprints of the Isotope Constituents. center photoluminescence at room temperature. Physical Review Letters. 100: 1774021-1774024. Journal of Modern Optics. 55 (17): 2893-2901. Stephens AM, Evans ZWE, Devitt SJ, Greentree Xiong XY & Finlayson T. 2008. Magnetic Property A, Fowler AG, Munro WJ, O’Brien JL, Nemoto K & – Structure Relationships at the Nano-scale for Hollenberg L. 2008. Deterministic optical quantum Meltspun and Aged SmCo-based Alloys. In Cortie computer using photonic modules. Physical Review MB(ed), Proceedings of ‘Wagga 2008: The 32nd A. 78: 0323181-0323189. Annual Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting. Stephens AM, Evans ZWE, Devitt SJ & Hollenberg 1-4. Melbourne, Australia: Australian Institute of L. 2008. Asymmetric quantum error correction via Physics. code conversion. Physical Review A. 77: 0623351- Xiong XY & Finlayson T. 2008. Phase transformation 0623355. sequence and magnetic properties of melt-spun Stephens AM, Fowler A & Hollenberg L. 2008. SmCo-based alloy after isochronal heat treatment. Universal fault tolerant quantum computation Journal of Applied Physics. 104: 1039101-1039107. on bilinear nearest neighbor arrays. Quantum Xiong XY & Finlayson T. 2008. Phase Information & Computation. 8 (3&4): 330-344. transformations and magnetic properties at the Stevens-Kalceff MA, Prawer S, Kalceff W, Orwa nanoscale for a melt-spun SMCo-based alloy J, Peng J, Mccallum J & Jamieson D. 2008. folowing isochronal ageing treatments. In Clay Cathodoluminescence microanalysis of diamond R(ed), Australian Institute of Physics 18th National nanocrystals in fused silicon dioxide. Journal of Congress incorproating the 27th Plasma Science Applied Physics. 104: 1135141-1135149. Conference. 115-118. Melbourne, Australia: Australian Institute of Physics. Su C, Greentree A & Hollenberg L. 2008. Cavity

Enhancement of a Nitrogen-Vacancy-based Single Photon Source. In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 172-175. Melbourne, Australia: IEEE Press.

Su C, Greentree A & Hollenberg L. 2008. Towards a picosecond transform-limited nitrogen-vacancy based single photon source. Optics Express. 16 (9): 6240-6250.

Trpkovski S, Gibson B, Simpson D, Ampem-Lassen E, Hossain F, Hollenberg L, Prawer S, Huntington S, Bui L, Mitchell A, Kaalund C, Hiscocks M, Ladouceur F & Butler JE. 2008. Integration of microwave plasma CVD diamond with optical waveguides: towards the realisation of diamond-based photonic devices Industrial Diamond Review. 68 (1): 28-33.

Trpkovski S, Hollenberg L & Prawer S. 2008. Diamond technology enables practical single-photon sources. Laser Focus World. 11 (1): 70-72.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 47 group reports & publications quantum communications victoria (QCV)

professor geoff taylor The inaugural CEO of QCV and prime mover in its inception, Dr Shane Huntington moved into a senior advisory role within the University of Melbourne in early 2008. His leadership and vision for the QCV program was fundamental to its success. With the strategy of enhancing commercialisation prospects using a demonstrator model, a business plan is being pursued for the remainder of 2008. QCV will be aiming to collaborate with industry groups and partners to demonstrate the packaged single photon source in a QKD system. This field trial of the QCV Single Photon Source technology in a quantum encryption system will provide an excellent demonstration of the potential of this technology to change the way information is protected. QCV wishes Shane all the best in his future career.

Professor Geoff Taylor Chief Executive Officer (March 2008 to present)

48 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications optics

Professor Keith Nugent The Linkage grant on the development of new screen technologies led by Ann Roberts and Keith The Optical Physics group had another very Nugent continues to proceed well, with Jessica successful year and made a great deal of progress Kvansakul joining the group and making immediate on a number of fronts. CXS is, of course, a major contributions. part of the overall Optical Physics activities and its The X-Ray, Atomic and Condensed Matter Physics achievements are reported elsewhere. It has been Group had great successes of both honours a very busy year for many of us, but Ann Roberts students, including John Lowe achieving the best has additionally taken on the role of Deputy Head of honours thesis as marked by the assessors for major School during a challenging time for the University of breakthroughs in relativistic computation. Emile Melbourne. Jansons also made good progress on experimental Key among the scientific achievements projects under difficult conditions. were: The $1.2M LIEF grant continues to be implemented. Establishment of new laboratory, including LIEF Several major Phys. Rev. A papers pursued high- Laser Facility for Quantum Optics and Fabrication, accuracy absorption using our new XERT approach, with amplified ultrafast laser system (100GW peak 100x more accurate than the rest of the literatuere, power). This system will contribute to enhancing our and new tests of QED. Chris Chantler chaired an research programs in the fabrication and analysis of international Forum in September in Melbourne novel materials in collaboration with researchers at with proceedings in press, was appointed to the Victoria University. International Scientific Advisory Committee, XVUV, Construction and testing of new cold atom source 2008 – amidst much competition from Europe, for CXS Ultracold Plasma Programme, using novel France, Germany, Italy, Japan – and appointed to tapered coil Zeeman slower and quasi-mirror-MOT the IUCr International Commission on XAFS in (magneto-optic trap). recognition of achievements. Development of a new imaging technique for cold atoms, in collaboration with the CXS Theory and Modeling Programme, based on non-iterative imaging using phase retrieval from a single diffraction measurement. Demonstration of quantum squeezing of light by four-wave mixing in a vapour cell, in conjunction with the first complete theoretical model which predicts the degree of squeezing based on a semiclassical quantum master equation description of the laser- atom interaction. Ann Roberts and students continued to make progress in research into plasmonic devices and metamaterials funding through an ARC Discovery Project and welcomed the arrival of research fellow Ling Lin. The research infrastructure in the group received a significant boost with the acquisition of a new ultrafast laser system purchased with ARC Linkage Infrastructure funds. Professor Nugent led a major initiative in X-ray microscopy leading to the acquisition of a total High-harmonic diffraction data obtained using the of $1.3M for the construction of a soft X-ray CXS facilities based at Swinburne. This image was microscope facility at the Australian Synchrotron. highlighted in the Kaleidoscope section of the Physical Review website. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 49 group reports & publications optics

Publications: Chantler C. 2008. Databases for absorption, XAFS Abbey B, Nugent K, Williams G, Clark JN, Peele AG, and XANES, and future opportunities for research Pfeifer MA, De Jonge M & Mcnulty I. 2008. Keyhole and investigation. Acta Crystallographica Section A. coherent diffractive imaging. Nature Physics. 4 (5): 64: C626. 394-398.

Chen YP, Hitchcock J, Dries D, Junker M, Welford C Abbey B, Williams G, Pfeifer MA, Clark JN, Putkunz & Hulet RG. 2008. Phase coherence and superfluid- CT, Torrance ATJ, Mcnulty I, Levin TM, Peele AG & insulator transition in a disordered Bose-Einstein Nugent K. 2008. Quantitative coherent diffractive condensate. Physical Review A. 77: 0336321- imaging of an integrated circuit at a spatial resolution 0336324. of 20 nm. Applied Physics Letters. 93: 2141011- 2141013. Clark JN, Williams G, Quiney H, Whitehead LW, De Jonge MD, Hanssen E, Altissimo M, Nugent K & Ampem-Lassen E, Sidiroglou F, Peng JL, Huntington Peele AG. 2008. Quantitative phase measurement in S & Roberts A. 2008. Index mapping for fibers with coherent diffraction imaging. Optics Express. 16 (5): symmetric and asymmetric refractive index profiles. 3342-3348. Optics Express. 16 (15): 10912-10917.

Darahanau AV, Nikulin AY & Dilanian R. 2008. On Aruldoss CK & Roberts A. 2008. Imaging through influence of collimating slit imperfections on the turbid media based on wave transport model quality of experimental data in high-resolution x-ray approach. Optics Express. 16 (26): 21389-21400. diffraction. Physics Letters A. 372: 2155-2158.

Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Sgamellotti A & Quiney H. Davis JA, Dao LV, Do MT, Hannaford P, Nugent 2008. All-electron four-component Dirac-Kohn- K & Quiney H. 2008. Noninterferometric Two- Sham procedure for large molecules and clusters Dimensional Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy of containing heavy elements. Physical Review B. 77: Multilevel Systems. Physical Review Letters. 100: 2334031-233403. 2274011-2274014.

Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Sgamellotti A & Quiney Dilanian R, Chen B, Teichmann S, Dao LV, Quiney H. 2008. Poisson-transformed density fitting in H & Nugent K. 2008. High-harmonic-generation relativistic four-component Dirac-Kohn-Sham spectrum reconstruction from Young’s double-slits theory. Journal of Chemical Physics. 128: 1241081- interference pattern using the maximum entropy 12410811. method. Optics Letters. 33 (20): 2341-2343.

Castelletto S, Degiovanni IP, Schettini V, Del Rosso Dragomir N, Goh XM & Roberts A. 2008. Three- T, Margheri G, Papi L & Sottini S. 2008. Comparison Dimensional Refractive Index Reconstruction of photon counting and analog techniques for With Quantitative Phase Tomography. Microscopy the measurement of photon pair generation in a Research and Technique. 71: 5-10. PPLN waveguide. Journal of the Optical Society of America B - Optical Physics. 25 (1): 7-14. Glover JL, Chantler C, Barnea Z, Rae N, Tran CQ, Creagh DC, Paterson D & Dhal BB. 2008. Castelletto S & Scholten R. 2008. Heralded Measurements of the x-ray mass-attenuation single photon sources: a route towards quantum coefficient and imaginary component communication technology and photon standards. of the form factor of copper. Physical Review A. 78: European Physical Journal - Applied Physics. 41: 181- 0529021-05290213. 194.

Goh XM, Smith MTA & Roberts A. 2008. Wavefront Chantler C. 2008. Charge and state population control using spatially varying near-resonant aperture in dilute plasmas from beam-foil spectroscopy. arrays. In Clay R(ed), Australian Institute of Physics Canadian Journal of Physics. 86: 331-350.

50 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 18th National Congress incorproating the 27th 68010I9. Washington, United States: SPIE - The Plasma Science Conference. 179-183. Melbourne, International Society for Optical Engineering. Australia: Australian Institute of Physics. Peele AG & Nugent K. 2008. Phase-contrast and holographic tomography. In Banhart J (ed), Gur E, Sarafis V, Falat I, Vacha F, Vacha M & Zalevsky Advanced tomographic methods in materials Z. 2008. Super-resolution via iterative phase retrieval research and engineering. United Kingdom: Oxford for blurred and saturated biological images. Optics University Press, pp. 161-180. Express. 16 (11): 7894-7903.

Peele AG & Nugent K. 2008. Physical optics Junker M, Dries D, Welford C, Hitchcock J, Chen basis for the X-ray phase imaging of low contrast YP & Hulet RG. 2008. Photoassociation of a Bose- samples: a primer. Crystallography Reviews. 14 Einstein Condensate near a Feshbach Resonance. (4): 263-290. Physical Review Letters. 101: 0604061-0604064. Quiney H, Williams G & Nugent K. 2008. Non- Kitchen MJ, Pavlov KM, Hooper SB, Vine D, Siu iterative solution of the phase retrieval problem KKW, Wallace MJ, Siew MLL, Yagi N, Uesugi K using a single diffraction measurement. Optics & Lewis RA. 2008. Simultaneous acquisition of Express. 16 (10): 6896-6903. dual analyser-based phase contrast X-ray images for small animal imaging. European Journal of Sharpe JC, Mitchell JS, Lin L, Sedoglavich N & Radiology. 68S: S49-S53. Blaikie RJ. 2008. Gold Nanohole Array Substrates as Immunobiosensors. Analytical Chemistry. 80 (6): 2244-2249. Kouskousis B, Kitcher DJ, Collins S, Roberts A &

Baxter GW. 2008. Quantitative phase and refractive Sheludko DV, Bell SC, Anderson R, Hofmann C, index analysis of optical fibers using differential Vredenbregt EJD & Scholten R. 2008. State- interference contrast microscopy. Applied Optics. 47 selective imaging of cold atoms. Physical Review (28): 5182-5189. A. 77: 0334011-0334018.

Liu YJ, Chen B, Li ER, Wang JY, Marcelli A, Wilkins Tse N, Roberts A & Sloggett R. 2008. A WW, Ming M, Tian YC, Nugent K, Zhu PP & Wu preliminary understanding of oil paintings in ZY. 2008. Phase retrieval in x-ray imaging based on tropical Southeast Asia. In Bridgland J(ed), using structured illumination. Physical Review A. 78: ICOM Committee for Conservation, 15th Triennial 0238171-0238175. Conference. 2 634-643. New Delhi, India: Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd.. Nugent K. 2008. Quantitative Phase Microscopy. Microscopy and Microanalysis . 14 (supp 2): 738- Whitehead LW, Williams G, Quiney H & Nugent 739. K. 2008. Fresnel diffractive imaging: experimental study of coherence and curvature. Physical Review

B. 77: 1041121-1041126. Nugent K, Arhatari BD & Peele AG. 2008. A coherence approach to phase-contrast microscopy: Williams G, Hanssen E, Peele AG, Pfeifer MA, Theory. Ultramicroscopy. 108: 937-945. Clark J, Abbey B, Cadenazzi G, De Jonge MD, Vogt S, Tilley L & Nugent K. 2008. High-Resolution Orbons SM, Haftel MI, Schlockermann C, Freeman X-Ray Imaging of Plasmodium falciparum-Infected D, Milicevic M, Davis TJ, Luther-Davies B, Jamieson Red Blood Cells. Cytometry Part A. 73A: 949-957. D & Roberts A. 2008. Dual resonance mechanisms facilitating enhanced optical transmission in coaxial Zatsepin NA, Dilanian R, Nikulin AY, Gable BM, waveguide arrays. Optics Letters. 33 (8): 821-823. Muddle BC & Sakata O. 2008. Early detection of nanoparticle growth from x-ray reciprocal space Orbons SM, Milicevic M, Rollinson C, Gibson mapping. Applied Physics Letters. 92: 0341011- B, Huntington S, Jamieson D, Luther-Davies B, 0341013. Freeman D, Haftel MI, Schlockerman C, Davies TJ & Roberts A. 2008. Plasmonic nanoresonant materials. In Krolikowski WZ, Soukoulis CM, Lam PK, Davis TJ, Fan S & Kivshar YS(eds), Proceedings of SPIE on CD-Rom. 6801 68010I1-

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 51 group reports & publications arc centre of excellence for coherent x-ray science (CXS)

Professor Keith Nugent A further case in point was the application of coherent diffractive imaging to a malaria-infected The Australian Research Council Centre of red blood cell (work that is featured on the cover Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science (CXS) of the journal Cytometry Part A), a collaborative continues to be a beacon for interdisciplinary science effort between La Trobe, Melbourne and Monash in Australia. 2008 has been an excellent year with Universities. many exciting outcomes. CXS has committed to the establishment of a state- 2008 saw two significant events. Firstly, of-the-art synchrotron-based X-ray imaging facility. with support from the Australian Academy of At the start of 2008 it was our intention that the Technological Sciences & Engineering, we organized CXS-funded facility should be based at the National and hosted an excellent major international Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre in Taiwan, workshop with outstanding speakers and a and we were delighted with the superb nature of the wonderful sense of shared purpose and common collaboration that was developing. In the meantime, goals. The second event was the major review of our a slot opened up at the Advanced Photon Source activities by our chief funding body, the Australian (APS) in Chicago, which offered significant technical Research Council (ARC). CXS were very successful advantages at a third-generation source. It was with this review securing an additional $7.7M until with considerable soul-searching, and regret, that the end of 2013. we felt that we had a responsibility to withdraw from the NSRRC collaboration in favour of the APS The case we made for renewal was substantially collaboration. I would like to take this opportunity helped by the excellent science outcomes that we to express our appreciation of the excellence of have achieved this year. CXS can credit itself with the collaboration with Taiwan. The interaction with nine cases where our work has been featured on the the Advanced Photon Source (APS), however, cover of a journal. Our work has also been featured is built on an existing long-term relationship and in a number of commentaries and continues to is working better than ever, enhanced through be published in the highest impact journals in our its award to a CXS-led collaboration of a Partner respective fields. User Proposal (PUP), guaranteeing the Australian community ongoing beamtime at the APS for four An important example of the collaborative nature years. The collaboration underpinning the PUP of CXS is the work on imaging using high-harmonic consists of a number of CXS members, but others generation sources, a collaborative effort across as well, and has been awarded a major ARC Linkage three CXS programs (Short-Wavelength Laser Infrastructure, Equipment & Facilities grant, with Source, Theory & Modelling, and Experimental fantastic support from the partner universities, Methods) and three CXS institutions (Swinburne, to a total of over $1.2M. The development of this Melbourne, and La Trobe). This work was reported collaboration is a major priority for 2009. in Physical Review A, and the beautiful data (see figure) we obtained was highlighted in the Physical CXS is continuing its strong industrial relationships Review “Kaleidoscope” publicity section (http://pra. via the Cooperative Research Centre for Biomedical aps.org/node/2478). This work illustrates the power Imaging Development, the research Director’s of the combined efforts of CXS scientists and has ongoing relationship with IATIA Ltd, and it is very the potential to lead to an important new form of pleasing to see that Moglabs Pty Ltd, a spin-off from high-resolution microscopy using laser-based X-ray the Ultracold Plasma Source program, is growing sources. very strongly.

Another exciting demonstration of CXS-inspired CXS is exceeding its key performance indicators collaboration was the Biological Sciences program and leading collaborations from around Australia, its report on the determination of the structure of members are publishing in high-profile journals and parasite hemozoin using X-ray powder diffraction continuing to attract additional research funding. data via a collaborative effort between La Trobe and CSIRO members of CXS.

52 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au There are areas that need to be further nurtured and we need to keep our eye on our interdisciplinary The top image shows an electron microscope image of the sample used to goals, but the CXS team is a fantastically talented generate the data in the image above. one and 2009 is sure to be even better. The bottom image is the reconstruction from that data using methods developed by the Theory & Modelling program. For publications produced from the University of Melbourne Physics staff, please refer to the Optics group report. For publications produced by all ARC nodes and participating partner institutions, please refer to www.coecxs.org

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 53 group reports & publications theoretical condensed matter physics (TCMP)

A/Prof Les Allen on the topic of the properties of dilute gas dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates at the International Non- In 2008 Prof. Lloyd Hollenberg – currently an ARC Linear Waves Conference (Beijing), the Coherent Professorial Fellow, Centre for Quantum Computer X-Ray Science Workshop (Melbourne), the ACQAO Technology (CQCT) Program Manager and Technical annual workshop (Lorne) and Swinburne University. Director of Quantum Communications Victoria Prof. Hollenberg, in addition to presenting a number (QCV) – formally moved his team and activities to of invited talks, served his final year on the ARC the TCMP group. This brought some 10 research College of Experts, chairing the Physics, Chemistry students and 3 postdoctoral fellows into the and Geosciences Panel. group and added a large network of international collaborations. This sub-group works on a range In addition to funding associated with the Center of of projects including condensed matter theory of Excellence for Quantum Computing and Quantum quantum devices, quantum computer architectures Communications Victoria, the group was funded by and algorithms, qubit probes in biological imaging, a number of continuing Australian Research Council quantum algorithms and quantum control. The other (ARC) Discovery Projects The DP grants enabled members of the group, Assoc. Prof. Les Allen and the continuing appointment of three postdoctoral Dr Andy Greentree and Dr Andy Martin, continued research fellows in the group, namely Dr Austin their internationally recognized research in the areas Fowler, Dr. Charles Hill and Dr. Chris Witte. of imaging of condensed matter systems at atomic resolution, solid-state quantum photonics and the dynamics of a dilute gas. Strong international collaborations have been a feature of the research done. Links are in place with This work has resulted in 30 publications the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Sandia National in international refereed journals, including Laboratories, The SuperSTEM Facility at Daresbury, the prestigious journals Science, Nature Oxford University, The University of California (Santa Nanotechnology, Nature Physics, Physical Review Barbara), Nottingham University, Imperial College Letters and Advanced Materials. Dr. Andy Martin London, McMaster University, The University of published an invited book chapter. A highlight was Otago, the University of Durham, University of work published in Nature Physics on the quantum Karlsruhe and Hewlett-Packard. confinement transition for donor states in FinFET devices. In collaboration with a team of international Publications: researchers (S. Rogge Delft, G. Klimeck Purdue) a combined experimental and theoretical approach Allen L. 2008. Electron microscopy: New directions found a new type of hybrid molecule system in the for chemical maps. Nature Nanotechnology. 3: 255- solid-state. A paper published in Physical review 256. letters on the first quantitative atomic resolution Z-contrast imaging has attracted widespread Allen L, D’Alfonso AJ, Bosman M, Findlay SD, Oxley attention and the results will be include in a new MP, Keast VJ, Lebeau JM & Stemmer S. 2008. edition of a standard electron microscopy text book Simulation of Atomic Resolution Images in STEM. (Williams and Carter). Microscopy and Microanalysis . 14 (supp 2): 922- 923.

Assoc. Prof. Les Allen was a session chair and Allen L, D’Alfonso AJ, Findlay S, Oxley MP, Bosman organizer for the 20th Australian Conference on M, Keast VJ, Cosgriff EC, Behan G, Nellist PD Microscopy and Microanalysis held in Perth and & Kirkland AI. 2008. Theoretical interpretation he delivered an invited talk at Microscopy and of electron energy-loss spectroscopic images. Microanalysis 2009 held in Albuquerque. Dr Andy In Avilov AS, Dudarev SL & Marks LD(eds), Greentree was awarded a QEII Fellowship to work Proceedings of the EMMM-2007 International on the topic of solid light, and presented invited talks Conference. 32-46. New York, United States: at the OECC/ACOFT (Sydney) and the Workshop American Institute of Physics. on Topological Cluster State Computing in Optics (Tokyo). Dr. Andy Martin presented invited talks

54 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Allen L & Martin AV. 2008. The phase and inversion Dwyer C, Findlay S & Allen L. 2008. Multiple elastic problem for multiply scattered electrons. Modern scattering of core-loss electrons in atomic resolution Physics Letters B. 22 (23): 2123-2135. imaging. Physical Review B. 77: 1841071-1841078.

Amos K, Canton L, Svenne JP & Karataglidis S. Fairchild BA, Olivero P, Rubanov S, Greentree A, 2008. The spectra of exotic light mass nuclei Waldermann F, Taylor RA, Walmsley I, Smith JM, determined with MCAS theory. In Bersillon O, Huntington S, Gibson B, Jamieson D & Prawer Gunsing F, Bauge E, Jacqmin R & Leray S(eds), S. 2008. Fabrication of Ultrathin Single-Crystal Proceedings of the International Conference on Diamond Membranes. Advanced Materials. 20: Nuclear Data for Science and Technology. 1 139-142. 4793-4798. France: EDP Sciences. Findlay SD, D’Alfonso AJ, Allen L, Oxley M, Nellist Amos K, Fraser PR, Van Der Knijff D, Canton L, PD, Cosgriff EC, Behan G, Kirkland A, Shibata N, Pisent G, Karataglidis S & Svenne JP. 2008. Multi- Mizoguchi T & Ikuhara Y. 2008. Simulating Atomic channel algebraic scattering theory and the structure Resolution STEM Images of Non-Periodic Samples. of exotic compound nuclei. In Khoa DT, Egelhof P, Microscopy and Microanalysis . 14 (supp 2): 928- Gales S & Motobayashi T(eds), Proceedings of the 929. International Symposium of Physics of Unstable Nuclei. 131-138. Singapore: World Scientific Findlay S, Klenov DO, Stemmer S & Allen L. 2008. Publishing Co. Atomic number contrast in high angle annular dark field imaging of crystals. Materials Science and Cosgriff EC, D’Alfonso AJ, Allen L, Findlay S, Technology: an international journal of technological Kirkland AI & Nellist PD. 2008. Three-dimensional advances in the production and use of steel. 24 (6): imaging in double aberration-corrected scanning 660-666. confocal electron microscopy, Part I: Elastic scattering. Ultramicroscopy. 108: 1558-1566. Findlay S, Oxley MP & Allen L. 2008. Modeling Cosgriff EC, D’Alfonso AJ, Allen L, Findlay S, atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron Kirkland AI & Nellist PD. 2008. Three-dimensional microscopy images. Microscopy and Microanalysis . imaging using aberration-corrected scanning 14: 48-59. transmission and confocal electron microscopy. Journal of Physics - Conference Series. 126: Flitney A. 2008. Comments on ‘reverse auction: the 0120361-0120364. lowest unique positive integer game’. Fluctuation and Noise Letters. 8 (1): C1-C4. D’Alfonso AJ, Cosgriff EC, Findlay S, Behan G, Kirkland AI, Nellist PD & Allen L. 2008. Three- dimensional imaging in double aberration-corrected Flitney A & Abbott D. 2008. A semi-quantum version scanning confocal electron microscopy, Part II: of the game of life. In Abbott D, Davies PCW & Pati Inelastic scattering. Ultramicroscopy. 108: 1567- AK (eds), Quantum Aspects of Life. London, United 1578. Kingdom: Imperial College Press, pp. 233-249.

D’Alfonso AJ, Cosgriff EC, Findlay S, Kirkland Flitney A & Hollenberg L. 2008. Quantum minority AI, Nellist PD, Oxley MP & Allen L. 2008. Depth game utilizing various forms of entanglement. In sectioning using electron energy loss spectroscopy. Abbott D, Aste T, Batchelor M, Dewar R, Di Matteo Journal of Physics - Conference Series. 126: T & Guttmann T(eds), Proceedings of SPIE on 0120371-0120374. CD-Rom. 6802 6802091-68020912. Washington, United States: SPIE - The International Society for D’Alfonso AJ, Findlay S, Oxley MP & Allen L. 2008. Optical Engineering. Volcano structure in atomic resolution core-loss images. Ultramicroscopy. 108: 677-687. Fraser PR, Amos K, Canton L, Pisent G, Karataglidis S, Svenne JP & Van Der Knijff D. 2008. Coupled- Draganski MA, Fairchild BA, Alves A, Finkman E, Channel Evaluations of Cross Sections for Scattering Orwa J, Rubanov S, Gibson B, Ganesan K, Spizzirri P, Involving Particle-Unstable Resonances. Physical Greentree A, Johnston PN, Jamieson D & Prawer S. Review Letters. 101: 2425011-2425014. 2008. The refractive index of ion implanted diamond. In Clay R(ed), Australian Institute of Physics 18th National Congress incorproating the 27th Plasma Fraser PR, Amos K, Karataglidis S, Canton L, Pisent Science Conference. 175-178. Melbourne, Australia: G & Svenne JP. 2008. Two causes of nonlocalities Australian Institute of Physics. in nucleon-nucleus potentials and their effects in nucleon-nucleus scattering. European Physical www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Journal A. 35: 69-80. 55 group reports & publications theoretical condensed matter physics (TCMP)

Greentree A, Fairchild BA, Hossain F & Prawer S. L & Rogge S. 2008. Gate-induced quantum- 2008. Diamond integrated quantum photonics. confinement transition of a single dopant atom in a Materials Today. 11 (9): 22-31. silicon FinFET. Nature Physics. 4 (8): 656-661.

Greentree A, Jong LM, Van Donkelaar JA, Devitt SJ, Lebeau JM, Findlay SD, Allen L & Stemmer S. Cole J, Stephens AM, Jamieson D & Hollenberg L. 2008. Quantitative Atomic Resolution Scanning 2008. Spatial adiabatic passage as a quantum wire. Transmission Electron Microscopy. Physical Review In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the Letters. 100: 2061011-2061014. 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 156-159. Melbourne, Australia: Makin MI, Cole J, Tahan C, Greentree A & IEEE Press. Hollenberg L. 2008. Phase transitions in photonic cavities: exact vs. mean-field. In Mulvaney P & Hossain F, Doherty MW, Wilson HF & Hollenberg Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the 2008 International L. 2008. Ab Initio Electronic and Optical Properties Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. of the N — V- Center in Diamond. Physical Review 168-171. Melbourne, Australia: IEEE Press. Letters. 101: 2264031-2264034. Makin MI, Cole J, Tahan C, Hollenberg L & Jamaludin NA, Parker N & Martin A. 2008. Bright Greentree A. 2008. Quantum phase transitions in solitary waves of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates photonic cavities with two-level systems. Physical under rotation. Physical Review A. 77: 0516031- Review A. 77: 0538191-05381910. 0516034. Martin A, Parker N, Van Bijnen R, Dow AJ & O’Dell Jong LM, Greentree A, Conrad VI, Hollenberg L & DHJ. 2008. Instabilities and vortex-lattice formation Jamieson D. 2008. Coherent Tunneling Adiabatic in rotating conventional and dipolar dilute-gas-bose- Passage with the Alternating Coupling Scheme. einstein condensates. Laser Physics. 18 (3): 322- In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the 330. 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 160-163. Melbourne, Australia: Martin AV & Allen L. 2008. Direct retrieval of a IEEE Press. complex wave from its diffraction pattern. Optics Communications. 281: 5114-5121. Karataglidis S & Amos K. 2008. On the excluded space in applications of Feshbach projection Mckellar B, Okuniewicz I & Quach JQ. 2008. Model formalism. Physics Letters B. 660: 428-431. kinetic equations with non-boltzmann properties. In Ge M-L, Oh CH & Phua KK(eds), Proceedings of the Karataglidis S, Amos K & Brown BA. 2008. Elastic conference in honour of C.N. Yang’s 85th birthday. and inelastic scattering as a means of identifying 171-182. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. shell closures. In Bersillon O, Gunsing F, Bauge E, Jacqmin R & Leray S(eds), Proceedings of Mermod P, Blomgren J, Johansson C, Ohrn A, the International Conference on Nuclear Data for Osterlund M, Pomp S, Bergenwall B, Klug J, Nilsson Science and Technology. 1 155-157. France: EDP L, Olsson N, Tippawan U, Nadel-Turonski P, Jonsson Sciences. O, Prokofiev A, Renberg P-U, Maeda Y, Sakai H, Tamii A, Amos K & Crespo R. 2008. 95MeV neutron Karataglidis S, Amos K, Fraser PR, Canton L & scattering on hydrogen, deuterium, carbon and Svenne JP. 2008. Constraints on the spectra of oxygen. In Bersillon O, Gunsing F, Bauge E, Jacqmin 17,19C. Nuclear Physics A. 813: 235-251. R & Leray S(eds), Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology. 2 1039-1042. France: EDP Sciences. Kim YJ, Amos K, Karataglidis S & Richter WA. 2008. Microscopic model analyses of proton scattering from 12C, 20Ne, 24Mg, 28Si and 40Ca. Nuclear Nellist PD, Cosgriff E, Behan G & Kirkland AI. 2008. Physics A. 807: 119-144. Imaging Modes for Scanning Confocal Electron Microscopy in a Double Aberration-Corrected Transmission Electron Microscope. Microscopy and Lansbergen GP, Rahman R, Wellard C, Woo I, Caro Microanalysis . 14: 82-88. J, Collaert N, Biesemans S, Klimeck G, Hollenberg 56 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Nellist PD, Cosgriff EC, Behan G, Kirkland AI, Schlosshauer M. 2008. Lifting the fog from the D’Alfonso AJ, Findlay S & Allen L. 2008. Three- north: A purist approach to wavefunctions can dimensional imaging and analysis by optical resolve some of quantum theory’s infamous sectioning in the aberration-corrected scanning murkiness. Nature. 453: 39. transmission and scanning confocal electron microscopes. Microscopy and Microanalysis . 14 Schlosshauer M, Hines AP & Milburn GJ. 2008. (supp 2): 104-105. Decoherence and dissipation of a quantum harmonic oscillator coupled to two-level systems. Physical Nellist PD, Cosgriff E, Hirsch PB & Cockayne DJH. Review A. 77: 0221111-0221117. 2008. Selection rules for Bloch wave scattering for HREM imaging of imperfect crystals along Schlosshauer M, Hines AP & Milburn GJ. 2008. symmetry axes. Philosophical Magazine. 88 (2): 135- Reply to “Comment on ‘Decoherence and 143. dissipation of a quantum harmonic oscillator coupled to two-level systems’ ”. Physical Review A. 78: Ohrn A, Andersson P, Atac A, Gustavsson C, Klug 0161021-0161021. J, Mermod P, Pomp S, Wolniewicz P, Osterlund M, Renberg P-U, Prokofiev A, Jonsson O, Nadel- Stephens AM, Evans ZWE, Devitt SJ, Greentree Turonski P, Phansuke P, Dangtip S, Tippawan A, Fowler AG, Munro WJ, O’Brien JL, Nemoto K & U, Elmgren K, Bergenwall B, Haider W, Crespo Hollenberg L. 2008. Deterministic optical quantum R, Karataglidis S, Amos K, Ledoux X, Girod M, computer using photonic modules. Physical Review Delaroche JP, Bauge E, Lebrun C, Haddad F, Eudes A. 78: 0323181-0323189. Ph, Schweitzer C, Marie-Noury N, Louvel M, Lecolley JF, Le Brun C, Blideanu V, Nilsson L. 2008. Elastic scattering of 96 MeV neutrons from iron, Su C, Greentree A & Hollenberg L. 2008. Cavity yttrium, and lead. Physical Review C. 77: 0246051- Enhancement of a Nitrogen-Vacancy-based Single 02460511. Photon Source. In Mulvaney P & Khan A(eds), Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 172-175. Parker N, Jackson B, Martin A & Adams CS. 2008. Melbourne, Australia: IEEE Press. Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates: theory. In Kevrekidis PG, Frantzeskakis DJ & Carretero- Gonzalez RC (eds), Emergent Nonlinear Phenomena Su C, Greentree A, Munro WJ, Nemoto K & in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Theory and Hollenberg L. 2008. High-speed quantum gates with Experiment. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag cavity quantum electrodynamics. Physical Review A. Heidelberg, pp. 173-189. 78: 0623361-0623365.

Parker N, Martin A, Cornish SL & Adams CS. 2008. Ticknor C, Parker NG, Melatos A, Cornish SL, O’Dell Collisions of bright solitary matter waves. Journal of DHJ & Martin A. 2008. Collapse times of dipolar Physics B - Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics. Bose-Einstein condensates. Physical Review A. 78: 41: 0453031-0453035. 0616071-0616074.

Prawer S & Greentree A. 2008. Diamond for Trpkovski S, Hollenberg L & Prawer S. 2008. quantum computing. Science. 320: 1601-1602. Diamond technology enables practical single-photon sources. Laser Focus World. 11 (1): 70-72.

Rab M, Cole J, Parker N, Greentree A, Hollenberg L & Martin A. 2008. Spatial coherent transport of Wang P, D’Alfonso AJ, Findlay SD, Allen L & Bleloch interacting dilute Bose gases. Physical Review A. 77: AL. 2008. Contrast Reversal in Atomic-Resolution 0616021-0616024. Chemical Mapping. Physical Review Letters. 101: 2361021-2361024.

Schlosshauer M. 2008. Classicality, the Ensemble Interpretation, and Decoherence: Resolving the Hyperion Dispute. Foundations of Physics. 38: 796- 803.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 57 group reports & publications theoretical particle physics (TPP)

a new kind of extra-dimensional theory, by Tony Prof Ray Volkas Gherghetta and his Minnesota students B. Batell The year began with the group welcoming our and D. Sword. Nicole Bell worked with student new permanent member, ARC Federation Fellow Sandy Law and collaborator Boris Kayser (Fermilab) Professor Tony Gherghetta, as foreshadowed in last to develop a new theory of the origin of the year’s report. Tony was previously at the University cosmological matter-antimatter asymmetry they of Minnesota. His Federation Fellowship is about have dubbed “electromagnetic leptogenesis”. The using the results from the Large Hadron Collider to writer, working with his student Damien George uncover the as-yet-hidden “quantum dimensions” and collaborator Mark Trodden (University of of the universe. The hidden dimensions could either Pennsylvania) elucidated the unusual features of the literally be extra dimensions of space, or completely cosmology of finite-thickness domain-wall brane novel dimensions described by anti-commuting models. numbers and showing up as supersymmetry: a pairing of all known elementary particles with “superparters” differing in spin by ½. There are reasons to think one of these options might be discovered by the LHC. The LHC itself opened to stupendous worldwide media interest on 10 Sept 2009, and we look forward to what it will tell us about physics beyond the standard model.

A welcome byproduct of Tony’s Federation Fellowship was funding to renovate the west wing of level 4 of the David Caro building, which has become the new home of the research group after decades on level 6.

We also welcomed two new post-doctoral fellows, Dr Nicholas Setzer and Dr Benedict von Harling, both employed under the Federation Fellowship, joining our incumbent fellows Dr Robert Foot and Dr Archil Kobakhidze. Both Nicholas and Benedict are doing their first post-doctoral fellowships after completing PhD theses with, respectively, Professor R. Mohapatra at the University of Maryland and Professor A. Hebecker at Heidelberg University.

Doctor Nicole Bell and the writer ran a very successful “Melbourne Neutrino Theory Workshop” in the first week of June 2009, taking advantage of the fact that the large biennial “International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics” was hosted relatively nearby in Christchurch, New Zealand. Luminaries such as Alexei Smirnov, Hitoshi Murayama, Evgeny Akhmedov, Boris Kayser and many others provided a thorough examination of the state of neutrino theory.

Research highlights for the year included the development of the “Soft-wall standard model”,

58 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au publications: Choudhury SR, Cornell A & Joshi G. 2008. Radion signature in γγ scattering. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals. Amsler C, Gherghetta T & Zyla PA. 2008. Review of 35: 680-683. particle physics. Physics Letters B. 667: 1-1340.

Davidson A, George DP, Kobakhidze A, Volkas R & Anderson R & Joshi G. 2008. Interpreting Wali KC. 2008. SU(5) grand unification on a domain- mathematics in physics: charting the applications wall brane from an E6-invariant action. Physical of SU(2) in 20th century physics. Chaos, Solitons & Review D. 77: 0850311-08503115. Fractals. 36: 397-404.

Davies R, George DP & Volkas R. 2008. Standard Batell B & Gherghetta T. 2008. Dynamical soft- model on a domain-wall brane? Physical Review D. wall AdS/QCD. Physical Review D. 78: 0260021- 77: 1240381-1240387. 0260025.

Donovan D, Loch B, Thompson HB & Thompson Batell B & Gherghetta T. 2008. Warped JE. 2008. Change detection through clustering and phenomenology in the holographic basis. Physical spectral analysis. In Brankovich L, Lin Y & Smyth Review D. 77: 0450021-04500214. WF(eds), Proceedings fo the International Workshop on Combinatorial Algorithms 2007. 49-58. London, Batell B, Gherghetta T & Sword D. 2008. The United Kingdom: College Publications. soft-wall standard model. Physical Review D. 78: 1160111-11601116. Foot R. 2008. Mirror dark matter and the new DAMA/LIBRA results: A simple explanation for Bell N. 2008. Annihilating dark matter. In Volker a beautiful experiment. Physical Review D. 78: Klapdor-Kleingrothaus H & Lewis GF(eds), 0435291-04352910. Proceedings of the 6th International Heidelberg Conference Dark Matter in Astroparticle and Particle Foot R, Kobakhidze A, Mcdonald KL & Volkas R. Physics DARK 2007. 150-154. Singapore: World 2008. Renormalization-scale independence of the Scientific Publishing Co. physical cosmological constant. Physics Letters B. 664: 199-200. Bell N. 2008. Dark matter annihilation in the late universe. Modern Physics Letters A. 23 (17-20): Foot R, Kobakhidze A, Mcdonald KL & Volkas R. 1643-1648. 2008. Solution to the hierarchy problem from an alomost decoupled hidden sector within a classically Bell N. 2008. Probing New Physics with scale invariant theory. Physical Review D. 77: Astrophysical Neutrinos. Journal of Physics - 0350061-0350066. Conference Series. 136: 0220431-0220436. He X-G, Law SSC & Volkas R. 2008. Determining Bell N, Dent JB, Jacques TD & Weiler TJ. 2008. the heavy seesaw neutrino mass matrix from low- Electroweak bremsstrahlung in dark matter energy parameters. Physical Review D. 78: 1130011- annihilation. Physical Review D. 78: 0835401- 11300115. 0835407. Kobakhidze A. 2008. Θ-Twisted gravity. International Bell N, Kayser BJ & Law SSC. 2008. Journal of Modern Physics A. 23 (16 & 17): 2541- Electromagnetic leptogenesis. Physical Review D. 2545. 78: 0850241-0850246. Kobakhidze A & Mckellar B. 2008. (De)quantization Cho HT, Cornell AS, Doukas JA & Naylor W. of black hole charges. Classical and Quantum 2008. Bulk dominated fermion emission on a Gravity. 25: 1950021-1950027. Schwarzschild background. Physical Review D. 77: 0160041-01600410. Mack GD, Jacques TD, Beacom JF, Bell N & Yuksel H. 2008. Conservative constraints on dark matter Cho HT, Cornell AS, Doukas JA & Naylor W. 2008. annihilation into gamma rays. Physical Review D. 78: Fermion excitations of a tense brane black hole. 0635421-0635429. Physical Review D. 77: 0415021-0415025. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 59 group reports & publications theoretical particle physics (TPP)

Mckellar B, Okuniewicz I & Quach JQ. 2008. Model kinetic equations with non-boltzmann properties. In Ge M-L, Oh CH & Phua KK(eds), Proceedings of the conference in honour of C.N. Yang’s 85th birthday. 171-182. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co.

Mohapatra RN, Setzer N & Spinner S. 2008. Seesaw extended MSSM and anomaly mediation without tachyonic sleptons. Journal of High Energy Physics. 4: 0911-09134.

Volkas R. 2008. Realistic domain-wall-brane models? Modern Physics Letters A. 23 (17-20): 1529-1535.

Von Harling B & Hebecker A. 2008. Sequestered dark matter. Journal of High Energy Physics. 5: 0311- 03134.

Wolfe B, Melia F, Crocker R & Volkas R. 2008. Neutrinos and gamma rays from galaxy clusters. Astrophysical Journal. 687 (1): 193-201.

60 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au postgraduate physics student society (PPSS)

DR STUART WYITHE, Adrian D’Alfonso, PPSS Postgraduate Physics President Coordinator The role of the Postgraduate Physics Student Within the School of Physics, postgraduate research Society (PPSS) is to promote student views and is an integral part of all research areas. Physics enhance the experience of the postgraduate student postgraduates are therefore integrated into School body. It is affiliated with the University of Melbourne life at all levels. For example, the crucial role played graduate student association (GSA) and gratefully by students in the research success of the School is acknowledges funding provided by GSA for our highlighted during the weekly postgraduate seminar activities throughout 2008. The PPSS also receives series. This series serves to inform the School as a generous support of the School of Physics both whole of individual research programs. financially and logistically. The PPSS provided a support network and a sense of community for all From 2006, the School has expanded the higher degrees students. postgraduate seminar series to include a full colloquium by final year students, describing the The PPSS had a highly challenging and successful work presented in their thesis. This final colloquium year in 2008. It was a transitional period where many provides the opportunity for the School to celebrate incumbent members of the PPSS completed their the achievements of postgraduate students. This research and embarked on the next portion of their initiative has been well received in 2008 by staff and career. Nevertheless the PPSS was both vocal and students alike in the quality and excellence of the active encouraging a vibrant and enjoyable year for presentations received. post graduate students. On a social level, the PPSS, held numerous BBQ’s and the immensely enjoyable In addition, the seminar series offers our trivia night. A pool competition was also held with students valuable experience in scientific and oral student attendance at our activities extremely high. presentation skills. Postgraduate students are also The PPSS found its activist voice representing the integrated into the day-to-day workings of the School views of the student body within the various school through representatives on each of the Schools committees and the quarterly school meetings. committees. Postgraduate student participation on School committees is coordinated by the The PPSS has taken responsibility at the request of Postgraduate student society, and aims to ensure the student body for scheduling Geoff Opat seminar that postgraduate student needs are met at all levels. series in 2009. The PPSS looks forward to its current and extra roles in 2009. The School aims to assist postgraduates with the skills they will need to successfully complete their degree and to move forward in the future. To prepare For more information, visit the PPSS website at postgraduate students to make the most of their www.ph.unimelb.edu.au/ppss/ time within the department, the School conducts an induction day, where the roles and perceptions of students and supervisors alike, as well as the requirements of postgraduate study are discussed.

The School recognises the importance of bridging the gap between undergraduate and postgraduate study. To this end the School organises a Postgraduate student research exhibition. This exhibition showcases the work of our postgraduates to interested 2nd and 3rd year physics students, and provides an opportunity for them to find out what work in research is like from the student perspective.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 61 prizes & awards

UNDERGRADUATE POSTGRADUATE The CISRA Prize in Physics Dwight Prize Selection Criteria: Eligible candidates must be Selection Criteria: Awarded to the student achieving enrolled in, or have completed in the previous 12 the highest results in First year advanced level, on months, the degree of PhD in the School of Physics recommendation by the Head at the University of Melbourne. Value: $700 Value: $2,000 approx Recipient: Mr Timothy Trott Recipient: Mr Paul Fraser

E M and J F Ward Prize for Experimental Professor Kernot Research Physics Scholarship in Physics Selection Criteria: Awarded to the most outstanding Selection Criteria: Awarded on recommendation of student in experimental physics in the final year of the Head on the basis of Honours results. Holders the BSc degree with a major in physics. are required to conduct research in Physics at Value: $600 postgraduate level. Recipient: Mr Nikolai Dontshuck Value: $2,525 Recipient: Mr James Stokes Ramm Prize in Experimental Physics

Selection Criteria: Prize is awarded to a student Dixson Research Scholarship in Physics enrolling in either Honours or postgraduate degree Selection Criteria: Awarded on the basis of Honours by research in Experimental Physics who has results in Physics. The holder is required to conduct demonstrated excellent research potential. research in Physics at the University at postgraduate Value: $1000 level Recipient: Mr Andrew McCulloch Value: $2000 Recipient: Mr Dougal Maclaurin T F Ryan (Roentgen) Prize

Selection Criteria: Prize is awarded to the student Klein Prize in Experimental Physics with the highest aggregate score in 640-182 Physics Selection Criteria: Awarded to a student who has for Biomedical Science at First Year. completed fourth year Honours (or equivalent) in the Value: $600 School of Physics at the University of Melbourne, Recipient: Ms Jia Yun Siew and who is currently enrolled in a Research Higher Degree in the School of Physics at the University of William Sutherland Prize Melbourne. Selection Criteria: Awarded to the student achieving Value: $500 approx the highest results in Second Year Physics who is Recipients: Ms Michelle Strack proceeding to study Physics at the Third Year level. Value: Book vouchers worth $200 John Tyndall Scholarship Prize Recipient: Ms Amelia Brennan Selection Criteria: Awarded to a student who is enrolled in a Research Higher degree who is conducting advanced studies or research in the School of Physics Value: $550 Recipient: Mr John Lowe

62 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Women in Physics Prize STAFF Selection Criteria: Awardees are to be selected on the basis of academic excellence and demonstrated Edgeworth David Medal - Royal Society research potential, financial need may also be of NSW considered. The Edgeworth David Medal is awarded for Value: $1,500 distinguished contributions by a young scientists Recipient: Ms Rebecca Ryan under the age of thirty-five (35) years for work done mainly in Australia or its territories; or, contributing to Dieul-Kurzweil Scholarship the advancement of Australian science. Selection Criteria: student who has been admitted It is named after the pioneering geologist and to candidature for a Research Higher degree in longstanding supporter of the Society, Sir Edgeworth the School of Physics and is in need of financial David, who wrote the first comprehensive record of assistance to pursue the course. the geology of Australia. Value: ~$2,360 Recipient: Associate Professor Stuart Wyithe Recipient: Ms Michelle Strack

David Syme Research Prize - University of Dean’s Award (Honours Level) - Physics Melbourne The Dean’s Honour List - Honours Level is The David Syme Research Prize is an annual award determined by academic merit and is comprised of administered for the best original research work in students with outstanding distinction. It is awarded biology, physics, chemistry or geology, produced in at the honours level of the Bachelor of Science in all Australia during the preceding two years.] areas of study. Recipient: Mr Dougal MacIaurin The Prize was created at the university in 1904 when

Melbourne newspaper publisher and owner of the Bryan Scholarship in Biological Science The Age David Syme made a £3,000 bequest for the Determined by academic merit and awarded to foundation of the prize. The first prize was awarded a student enrolled in the Bachelor of Science in 1906. The publishers of The Age have continued (Honours) in a branch of Natural Science in a to fund the award. The prize consists of a medal and Biological Science department. of the sum of AUD$1,000, which may be topped- Recipient: Mr Linden Gearing up further by the publishers. The recipient(s) of the award is chosen by a council selected from the universities Faculty of Science. Recipient: Associate Professor Stuart Wyithe

Royal Society of Victoria Research Medal in Physical Sciences (Category IV) The medal is awarded annually for scientific research in one of the following 4 categories: Biological Sciences, Human Health/Medial Sciences, Earth Sciences and Physical Sciences. Recipient: Professor Stephen Prawer

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 63 outreach programs

Inservice 2008 of brilliant colours. Remarkably, it is possible to detect light emitted from single atoms embedded The Inservice day was attended by 134 secondary in diamond and the colour of this light is exquisitely school Physics teachers from 102 schools around sensitive to fundamental quantum mechanical Victoria. Speakers were: properties of nearby atoms in the diamond crystal Dr. Robyn Arianrhod, Honorary Research lattice. This could lead to new quantum mechanical Associate in the School of Mathematical Sciences, technologies for communication and sensing in Monash University devices that use single quanta as their operating components. Maxwell and Faraday, and Einstein’s theory of Special Relativity July 11 2008 Prof. Rachael Webster, School of Physics, University of Melbourne Professor Paul Mulvaney,Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne Astrophysics Quantum dots: artificial atoms Dr. Mark Boland, Accelerator Physicist at the Trapping electrons in nanoscale semiconductor Australian Synchrotron particles leads to materials with remarkable new The Synchrotron and its applications properties. Carefully tailored particles called quantum dots confine electrons so that they emit Dr. Alex Mazzolini, Faculty of Engineering and brilliant colours when stimulated by ultraviolet light. Industrial Sciences, Swinburne University Making the particles for specific applications requires Photonics many ingenious tricks. But these quantum dots are finding many new applications wherever colours are Drs Roger Rassool and Max Thompson, School needed including labelling biological molecules in of Physics, University of Melbourne and Andrew living cells to trace biochemical reaction pathways. Bower, Audio Engineer Key points in the study design July 18 2008 Nick Nicola, Undergraduate Laboratory Manager, Dr Andrew Greentree, School of Physics, School of Physics, University of Melbourne University of Melbourne Lecture demonstrations 101: Physics from the dark Solid Light: trapping photons in photonic crystals side Capturing a light beam and storing it in a crystal has many useful possibilities for science and July Lectures technology. Trapped light can be processed using strange quantum mechanical laws before sending This very popular series of free public lectures has it on its way. We have discovered how to couple a long and enviable history in the school. Presented light and matter that exploits quantum coherence by the School’s teaching and research staff, they are in photonic modules can be built using advanced aimed at giving an insight into fundamental questions nanotechnology. These modules open the way in physics, and advances in current research. to advanced communication technologies that Theme: Materials in the 21st Century could take quantum coherence from laboratories to factories. July 4 2008 Professor David Jamieson, School of Physics, July 25 2008 University of Melbourne Associate Professor Ann Roberts, School of Light and colour in diamond: new technology from Physics, University of Melbourne captured atoms Metamaterials: Cloaks of invisibility fact or fiction? Diamond is normally crystal clear. But the Until recently it was thought that all transparent introduction of foreign atoms leads to a range materials bent light the same way. But a new

64 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au class of metamaterials have been discovered About 90 VCE teachers have enrolled in STARS, and that bend light in the opposite way to all previous most have recommended students from year 11 to materials. They have the previously considered attend the STARS School. impossible property of a negative index and promise extraordinary new capabilities including super sharp This residential school was held from July 8 – 14. lenses, biosensors, quantum information processing A total of 80 students attended. More than half of devices and perhaps even cloaks that render objects these are from outside the Melbourne area, and invisible. many were from poor schools in drought-stricken areas. Physics Gymnasium april 16 2008 Science Outreach Professor David Jamieson Roger Rassool has organized a traveling road The 19th Century world wide web: the electric show which combines Physics demonstrations telegraph, the eccentric Oliver Heaviside and the and a laser light show aimed at Primary School discovery of Einstein’s special theory of relativity children. The shows attracted a combined audience of approximately 5000 children and generated may 14 2008 excitement and enthusiasm where ever they went. Associate Professor Ann Roberts The academics of the EPP group are Elisabetta Light and art: Out of the laboratory and into the Barberio, Roger Rassool, Geoff Taylor and myself. gallery Our activities span Experimental Particle Physics, detector development and computing grid june 18 2008 development. The cornerstones of our research Professor Rachel Webster are the ATLAS and Belle experiments at CERN in New telescopes, new technology and a new Switzerland and KEK in Japan respectively. In 2007, window on the universe Antonio Limosani joined our group as a Research Associate. august 13 2008 Professor Geoff Taylor News from the Large Hadron Collider 2008 CXS Outreach october 22 2008 National Science Week - CXS, in collaboration with the ARC Centre of Excellence of Free Radical and Professor Lloyd Hollenberg Biotechnology, and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum reality – its uncertainty is not what it used Mathematics and Statistics conducted the National to be Science Week program, The Science of Chocolate at Rylands Retirement Villages in Hawthorn and Kew. STARS CXS sponsored the KOALA 08 Conference, Following a highly successful Professional Day a student- led conference on optics and laser for VCE teachers, that was held in November, we application, which was held in Queensland, realised that many VCE teachers, particularly from November 2008. less well-funded schools, did not have access to demonstration equipment, and professional help. CXS sponsored the AussieMit2008 Workshop on We therefore initiated the STARS program (Students Mitochondrial Research. This was the first workshop and Teachers Accessing Research Scientists) that devoted to mitochondria research in Australia and teachers could join. This allows them to borrow was held at the Institute of Advanced Study, La demonstration equipment from the School of Trobe University. Physics, to have access to professional scientists and other VCE teachers, and importantly to have the CXS is in the process of producing a Short Films privilege of recommending one year-11 student, with Project to communicate to the wider community outstanding potential, to attend a residential school the relevance and importance of the cutting edge in July. research being done by CXS. St Helena Secondary College, Kingswood College, Mill Park Secondary The STARS program is multidisciplinary, and allows College and Craigieburn Secondary College are all access to all the science areas in theUniversity of participating in the project, in which the students Melbourne. We have specifically set up collaboration will research, script, film and act in 3 five-minute with the GTAC (Gene Technology Access Centre) to documentaries. It is expected that the final products widen the areas of assistance to the teachers. will be launched by CXS in mid 2009 and the films will be available to view on the CXS website.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 65 outreach programs

MUPPETS Another highlight has been the STARs program, aimed particularly at Year 11 students. Of the 75 Linking science with the natural world is critical students who took part in the inaugural program, in order to keep students engaged with real-life more than 50% have transitioned into the University experiences and their school studies. Underlying of Melbourne – this is an outstanding achivement. the simplicity and wonder of the many science In follow-up meetings with them, they have all experiments are the physics fundamentals of confirmed that that the STARs program was a very mechanics, forces, motion, magnetism, electricity positive influence in helping the choose Melbourne and light. The University of Melbourne School of as their University of choice. Furthermore, many Physics MUPPETS Outreach Program has a long became aware of tradition of stimulating the imagination of many people, young and not so.. The success of the Muppets program is built strongly upon the untiring efforts of people such as Over the past few years a team of researcher staff Nick Nicola and Patch (Stephen) Marshall and the and graduate students from the School of Physics financial support of the Colonial Foundation. But of Melbourne University has presented the “Physics one of the critical ingredients is the enthusiastic and and Laser Show” students in Melbourne, Bendigo, crucial contribution of the large number of graduate Mildura, Broken Hill, Gippsland, the Wimmera and students who constitute the volunteer staff. Their the outback, and many thousands of students have dedication is essential to the success of the participated. program, and in itself confirms to the students that science is fun, and that real people do it ! The aim is to interest students in Science at an early age, so as to broaden their choices as they progress Melbourne Catholic schools - June 2008 through the school system. The show provides 1700 year-5/6 students from 22 schools attended an exciting and stimulating exposure of science to this program. It was held at “The Open Stage schoolchildren, and illustrates that Science can be Theatre” of the University of Melbourne. This proved Fun. The production presents carefully selected and an excellent location and we hope that we will be captivatingly presented demonstrations of basic able to utilise it more in the future. science phenomena. The reaction of the students needs to be seen to be believed: the presentation is Benalla - June2008 all-involving. Following the physics show, there is Between Feb. 21 and 23, we presented the an exceptional laser and sound show that captivates Physics and Laser Show in Horsham, at the Wesley and excites the students. Performing Arts Centre (see attached brochure). 2500 students from 28 primary schools, from as far afield as St Arnaud to Nhill attended. Again, as This year we have focussed on inner Melbourne a consequence of the generosity of the Colonial schools and the Benalla region. Attendance was Foundation, we were able to provide transport for oversubscribed and we are proud to report that many of the schools that were in bad shape because to-date more than 29,000 students have taken part of the drought. in over 200 shows and activities. The fun was just kept to students…the in-service program continues to grow and grow, if attendance is a measure. Furthermore, teachers comment very positively on how engaging and accessible the program is, and the usefulness of the support materials we have developed. Progressively, we are building a network of support, with the aim of ensuring pathways for students who would like to study physics remain open. From our research, we believe that there is a strong need at years 9 and 10 to support and encourage students.

66 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au subjects offered

FIRST YEAR SUBJECTS HONOURS 640-111/2 Physics 1/2: Advanced The Honours year comprises course work (640-496) 640-131 Physics 1 and research project (640-497). 640-132 Physics 2: Physical Science & Technology The content of course work may vary from year to year but typically include subjects chosen from: 640-171 Physics 1: Fundamentals 640-172 Physics 2: Life Sciences & Environment Extragalaxies, Astro & Cosmology 640-182 Physics for Biomedicine General Relativity SECOND YEAR SUBJECTS Particle Physics 1 Particle Physics 2 640-223 Quantum Mechanics & Thermal Phys (Adv) Quantum Mechanics A 640-225 Electromagnetism & Spec Relativity (Adv) Quantum Mechanics B 640-234 Further Classical & Quantum Mechanics Quantum Structures 640-237 Astrophysics & Optics 2 Quantum Field Theory 640-243 Quantum Mechanics & Thermal Phys Quantum Optics 640-245 Electromagnetism & Relativity Scattering & Imaging 640-251 Instrumentation for Scientists Statistical Mechanics 640-299 Part 11 Laboratory

THIRD YEAR SUBJECTS 640-311/12 Undergraduate Seminar 640-321 Quantum Mechanics (Advanced) 640-322 Thermal Physics (Advanced) 640-323 Electrodynamics (Advanced) 640-341 Quantum Mechanics 640-342 Statistical Physics 640-343 Electrodynamics 640-351 Astrophysics & Optics 3 640-353 Atomic, Molecular & Solid State Physics 640-354 Sub-atomic Physics 640-364 Computational Physics 640-381 Principles & Applications of Sensors 640-393/4 Part 111 Laboratory

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 67 alumni & friends

We highly value the Dr Jean E Laby support we receive The School of Physics would like to thank Miss Betty Laby for her generous donation in support of the from our alumni for new Masters of Science degree. prizes and awards that support our staff and The Dr Jean E Laby Stipend in Physics and the Dr Jean E Laby Scholarship in Physics for Interstate students as well as Students have been created by Miss Betty Laby, in our potential building honour of her sister, Dr Jean E Laby. projects in the future Dr Jean E Laby was the first woman to receive the Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1959 from the School of Physics at the University of Melbourne and subsequently became lecturer in physics at the RAAF (1962-1981), then an annex to the School of Physics. Dr Jean E Laby was a pioneer in Australia’s research programs in atmospheric physics.

Dr Jean E Laby Stipend in Physics The stipend will range from $3,000 - $10,000 and be paid for 1 or both years of the 2 year program, depending upon individual circumstances and funds available.

Dr Jean E Laby Scholarship in Physics The scholarship of $5000 is awarded to the outstanding interstate applicant(s) who move to Melbourne in order to take up the Masters of Science in Physics degree.

Dr Jean E Laby 1915 - 2008

68 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au The HAASZ family fund In 2006 Mr John Haasz completed a Bachelor of Science (Honours) degree under the supervision of Dr Andrew Melatos, senior lecturer within Astrophysics in the School of Physics. Due to the dynamic nature of Dr Melatos’ teaching and the passion he instilled in his student, the following year Mr Haasz made a donation of $100,000 to the University to establish The Haasz Family Fund.

The purpose of the gift is to support the research and educational activities of students and academics in the School of Physics, including awarding travel grants to attend conferences or to spend time at overseas institutions, and bringing academics from interstate or overseas to the School. The University regulation governing the administration of The Haasz Family Fund was made in July 2008.

“John’s generous gift provides the Astrophysics group with the means to enrich and expand our program of sending PhD students overseas for extended collaborative visits with renowned researchers at the world’s leading centres of learning. The students are dreaming about the prospects already, and so am I,” remarked Dr Melatos. “Through such exchanges, the Haasz Family Fund will strengthen the University’s membership of several international research projects, for example the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), a $500M instrument to test one of Einstein’s famous predictions and one of the largest physics experiments in the world.”

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 69 media

Members of the School will recreate the conditions immediately after the of Physics were Big Bang: ABC 720, Thursday 11 September 2008; Sydney Morning Herald, Thursday 11 September regularly featured in 2008, page 8; The Age, Thursday 11 September the media during 2008 2008, page 5.

2008 EPP Media Commentary Geoffrey Taylor (Physics) was reported in relation to Geoffrey Taylor (Physics) was mentioned in relation the CERN Hadron atom collider in Switzerland and to particle physics machine that simulates Big Bang, initial testings; Drive’, ABC 774 Melbourne, Monday The Age, page 5, Monday 8 September 08; West 22 September 2008; ‘Afternoons’, ABC 702 Sydney, Australian, page 12, Monday 8 September 08. Monday 22 September 2008; ‘Mornings’, ABC 720 Perth (syndicated to 8 stations statewide), Monday Geoffrey Taylor (Physics) was reported in relation to 22 September 2008 the Swiss-based Hadron Collider and black holes: ‘Mornings’, ABC 702 Sydney (syndicated ton ABC Geoffrey Taylor (Physics) was interviewed in relation Central Coast), Tuesday 9 September 2008; AAP to progress of the Hadron Collider experiment Newswire, Tuesday 9 September 2008; ’06:00 and the nature of the leak; ABC 666 Canberra, News’, 6PR Perth, Wednesday 10 September 2008; Wednesday 24 September 2008; Radio National, Border Mail, Wednesday 10 September 2008, page Wednesday 24 September 2008. 19; Canberra Times, Wednesday 10 September 2008, page 1.; Warrnambool Standard, Wednesday 10 September 2008, page 8. 2008 MARC Media Commentary David Jamieson (Physics) was mentioned and Geoffrey Taylor (Physics) was mentioned and interviewed in relation to the switch on of the Large interviewed in relation to the switch on of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) which will recreate conditions Hadron Collider (LHC) which will recreate conditions of the Big Bang: 6 PR, Wednesday 10 September of the Big Bang: ABC Channel 2, Wednesday 2008 10 September 2008; ABC 1 (Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Canberra), Wednesday 10 September Andrew Greentree (Physics) was interviewed on the 2008; SBS (Sydney), Wednesday 10 September quantum world: Sunday Age, Sunday 7 December 2008; Channel 9 (Melbourne), Wednesday 10 2008, page 24. September 2008; Gold FM, Wednesday 10 September 2008; SBS Ethnic Radio, Wednesday 2008 CXS Media Commentary 10 September 2008; Channel 10 (Melbourne), Wednesday 10 September 2008; .Radio Adelaide, X-ray Science in Australia, International News, Wednesday 10 September 2008; 6 PR, Wednesday APS PHYSICS, Vol 16, No. 10, November 2007 10 September 2008; 3 AW, Wednesday 10 (previously unreported) September 2008; ABC 774, Wednesday 10 September 2008; ABC 666, Wednesday 10 Opening New Windows on the World, Australian September 2008; 96.1, Wednesday 10 September Research Council, OUTCOMES: RESULTS OF 2008; ABC Western Queensland, Wednesday 10 RESEARCH IN THE REAL WORLD, page 92. September 2008; Cruise, Wednesday 10 September 2008; ABC Darwin, Wednesday 10 September Australian CXS and NSRRC signed MOU to affirm 2008; Mix FM, Wednesday 10 September 2008; on collaborative research in science and technology, Warrnambool Standard, Thursday 11 September News, NATIONAL SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2008, page 10 RESEARCH CENTER, www.srrc.gov.tw,January 2008

Geoffrey Taylor (Physics) was interviewed in relation to the switch on of the Large Hadron Collider which

70 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au New CXS Laser Facility, Synchrotron Community News, LIGHTSPEED AUSTRALIAN SYNCROTRON NEWS, Summer Edition, page 4

Shining a light on membrane proteins, AUSTRALIAN LIFE SCIENTIST MAGAZINE, Vol 5, Issue 3 May/ June 2008

Shining a light on membrane proteins, AUSTRALIAN LIFE SCIENTIST ONLINE, www.biotechnews.com. au, June 2008

Disease Arms-Race Looks to Powerful New X-Ray Tools, SWINBURNE NEWS, page 10

Disease Arms-Race Looks to Powerful New X-Ray Tools, News, SCIENCE ALERT, www.sciencealert. com.au, June 2008 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science 3rd Annual Workshop Physicists and Biologists Working Together, Events Daily, AUSTRALIAN SYNCROTRON NEWS, August 2008

Chocolate – no longer a guilty pleasure, ARC DISCOVERY NEWSLETTER, Summer edition, page 10.

The Science of Chocolate, Community, Educational, FREE RADICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, www.freeradical.org.au, October 2008

Coherent X-ray Science 3rd Annual Workshop, AUSTRALIAN BIOCHEMIST, Vol 39, No. 3, Pages 38 39, December 2008

A sight unseen no more, SUNDAY CANBERRA TIMES, 7 December 2008, page 17.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 71 recruiting organisations

In addition to the many universities and schools that hire our graduates as lecturers, postdoctoral fellows and teachers, other organizations that have recruited our graduates include:

ANZ Bank Australian Nuclear Science Technology Organisation (ANSTO) Austin Hospital Australian Synchrotron Australian Government Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) Australian Strategic Policy Institute Bureau of Meteorology Boston Consulting Group Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Department of Human Services Department of Education, Science and Technology (DEST) Department of Finance Department of Primary Industries Department of Innovation, Industry and Regional Development (DIIRD) Defence Science Technology Organisation (DSTO) Energy Core Geothermal Heating & Cooling Ernst & Young GBC Scientific Equipment Google GRA Supply Chain Consultants Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology and Medicine Iatia Vision Sciences Intel KPMG LEK Consulting Macquarie Bank Momentum Funds Management Note Printing Australia PriceCooperWaterhouse Victorian Government Walter Hall & Eliza Institute

72 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au more information

Additional contact information: School of Physics – David Caro Building University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia T: +61 8344 7670 F: +61 9347 4783 E: [email protected]

Authorised by Professor David Jamieson Published by the School of Physics, August 2008

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 73 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au

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