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GRETA - “Green Infrastructure: Enhancing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for Territorial Development”

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GRETA - “Green Infrastructure: Enhancing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for Territorial Development” GRETA - “GReen infrastructure: Enhancing biodiversity and ecosysTem services for territoriAl development” Applied Research Greater Copenhagen and Scania Version 30/07/2019 This applied research activity is conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The ESPON EGTC is the Single Beneficiary of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme. The Single Operation within the programme is implemented by the ESPON EGTC and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the EU Member States and the Partner States, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. This delivery does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the ESPON 2020 Monitoring Committee. Authors Elin Slätmo, Kjell Nilsson and Eeva Turunen, Nordregio (research institute under Nordic Council of Ministers, www.nordregio.org) (Sweden) Co- authors Hugo Carrao, Mirko Gregor - space4environment (Luxembourg) Jaume Fons, Raquel Ubach, Roger Milego, Anna Marín UAB (Spain) Katherine Irvine, Jessica Maxwell, Laure Kuhfuss, Scott Herrett The James Hutton Institute (UK) Gemma-Garcia Blanco TECNALIA (Spain) Advisory Group Project Support Team: Blanka Bartol (Slovenia), Kristine Kedo (Latvia), Julie Delcroix (EC, DG Research & Innovation), Josef Morkus (Czech Republic) ESPON EGTC: Michaela Gensheimer (Senior Project Expert), Laurent Frideres (Head of Unit Evidence and Outreach), Akos Szabo (Financial Expert). Acknowledgements We would like to thank the stakeholders in Greater Copenhagen and Scania - among others technical experts and officials in the city of Malmö and the city of Copenhagen, Region Skåne, the Business authority in Denmark - who generously collaborated with GRETA research and shared their insight into green infrastructure throught the online consultations, phone interviews and meetings. We would also like to thank the Members of ESPON Contact Points and the Members of ESPON Monitoring Committee for their support. Information on ESPON and its projects can be found on www.espon.eu. The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This delivery exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON, 2018 Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON EGTC in Luxembourg. Contact: [email protected] ISBN 978-99959-55-36-6 a GRETA - “GReen infrastructure: Enhancing biodiversity and ecosysTem services for territoriAl development” Table of contents 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 2 (Geographic) description of Greater Copenhagen and Scania ......................................... 4 2.1 Case study outline ............................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Territorial challenges ......................................................................................................... 6 3 The GI network and its potentials for territorial development in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ................................................................................................................................ 7 3.1 What is the approach to GI and ES in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ......................... 7 3.2 Strategic approach – priorities and benefits of GI and ES ................................................ 8 3.2.1 Scania ....................................................................................................................... 8 3.2.2 Greater Copenhagen ................................................................................................ 9 3.3 Spatial analysis of GI potentialities ................................................................................. 11 3.4 Resources ....................................................................................................................... 13 3.4.1 Economic evaluation - benefits ............................................................................... 13 3.4.2 Economic evaluation - costs ................................................................................... 14 4 Capacity of GI network in Greater Copenhagen and Scania to meet the demand of ES 15 4.1 What do GRETA analysis on ES supply and demand reveal? ....................................... 15 4.1.1 Analysis of supply and demand for Flood Regulation in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ..................................................................................................................... 17 4.1.2 Analysis of supply and demand for Reducing Soil Erosion in Greater Copenhagen and Scania .............................................................................................................. 18 4.1.3 Analysis of supply and demand for Water Purification in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ..................................................................................................................... 19 4.1.4 Analysis of supply and demand for Recreation in Greater Copenhagen and Scania 20 5 Governance practices, policy and planning instruments to implement GI and enhance ecosystem services in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ............................................... 21 5.1 Governance models - roles and responsibilities ............................................................. 21 5.1.1 Scania ..................................................................................................................... 21 5.1.2 Greater Copenhagen .............................................................................................. 22 5.2 Existing policies, planning instruments and initiatives..................................................... 22 5.2.1 Scania ..................................................................................................................... 22 5.2.2 Greater Copenhagen .............................................................................................. 24 5.3 Threats and conflicts ....................................................................................................... 25 5.3.1 Scania ..................................................................................................................... 25 5.3.2 Greater Copenhagen .............................................................................................. 26 5.4 Cooordination and cooperation ....................................................................................... 27 5.4.1 Scania ..................................................................................................................... 27 5.4.2 Greater Copenhagen .............................................................................................. 28 6 Lessons learned and good practice examples from the Greater Copenhagen and Scania ......................................................................................................................................... 29 6.1.1 Challenges for further GI development in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ......... 29 6.1.2 Opportunitites for GI through Cross-border Cooperation ........................................ 29 6.1.3 Achievements in GI implementation in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ............. 30 7 Policy messages and recommendations in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ............... 30 ESPON 2020 i 7.1 Policy messages.............................................................................................................. 30 7.2 Policy recommendations ................................................................................................. 31 8 Apendix ............................................................................................................................ 32 References .............................................................................................................................. 37 List of Maps Map 1. ESPON GRETA selected case studies ......................................................................... 1 Map 2. Greater Copenhagen and Scania .................................................................................. 4 Map 3. Map over Greater Copenhagen and Scania GRETA case study. Overview map on potential GI serving multiple policies (e.g biodiversity policy, water management policies, climate change adaptation and mitigation policies) (reference: GRETA analyses by UAB and S4e). ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Map 4 Balancing Supply and Demand for Flood Regulation in Greater Copenhagen and Scania. ................................................................................................................................................. 18 Map 5. Balancing Supply and Demand for Soil Erosion in Greater Copenhagen and Scania 19 Map 6. Balancing Supply and Demand for Water Purification in Greater Copenhagen and Scania ...................................................................................................................................... 20 Map 7. Balancing Supply and Demand for Recreation in Greater Copenhagen and Scania . 21 List of Tables Table 1. Potentialities for GI network in Greater Copenhagen and Scania based on GIS- analysis by UAB......................................................................................................................
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