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A Socio-Economic Survey of Cities and Towns of Tripura

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A Socio-Economic Survey of Cities and Towns of Tripura A Socio-economic Survey Report of 20 Cities/ Towns in Tripura A Socio-economic Survey of Cities and Towns of Tripura Prepared By 1 | P a g e A Socio-economic Survey Report of 20 Cities/ Towns in Tripura CONTENTS Executive Summary 03 Introduction 04 Major Findings 07 Conclusion 58 2 | P a g e A Socio-economic Survey Report of 20 Cities/ Towns in Tripura Executive Summary This survey attempts to obtain a detailed understanding of the ground level realities of 20 important cities and towns of Tripura in line with the goals of AMRUT pertaining to urban amenities and infrastructure. Appropriate methods have been undertaken. Some important areas that offer scope for further developmental initiatives of each urban area surveyed include Water Supply, Drainage, introduction of transportation based on cleaner fuels, besides construction of Parks and Playgrounds. 3 | P a g e A Socio-economic Survey Report of 20 Cities/ Towns in Tripura INTRODUCTION Project Objective The objective of the project is to identify the needs of citizen for improvement of the city. Here improvement means the infrastructural improvement of basic amenities of citizen. Governmental departments provide a number of infrastructural facilities for citizen. Through this project we came to know about the ground reality. Project implementation Work before survey: letter issued from Urban Planning Department of Tripura. Those letters send to all municipal council office of selected cities. A Survey team of six members had a meeting with officers of Urban Planning Department. Road map of survey decided before execution of planning. The Survey Begun: -Socioeconomic survey team started work from city Dharmanagar. From extreme northern part of Tripura we have started our journey. It was a seventeen days long journey from 11th of September to 27th September, 2019. Name of those city covered by survey team:Dharmanagar,Panisagar,Kumargar,Kailashahar,Ambassa,Teliamura,Belonia,Ranirbazar,M ohonpur,Santirbazar,Udaypur,Bisalgar,Sabroom,Khowai,Kamalpur,Agartala,Melagor,Jirania,Ama rpur,Sonamura. Scope of work Find out the basic need of citizen of each city. Methodology Why the socio-economic survey needed in AMRUT? Socioeconomics (also known as social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes. In general it analyzes how societies progress, stagnate, or regress because of their local or regional economy, or the global economy. Socioeconomic is a field of study that examines social and economic factors to better understand how the combination of both influences something. Primary data collection is one of the most important methods in social survey. According to AMRUT guideline Urban and socio-economic data is an input to be used to study the existing situation, identification of issues and formulation of proposals and projections. While most of the data to be collected is secondary, some crucial data may be required to be collected from primary surveys .Such crucial data may be related to, for example, means of transport of the urbanites. The focus pertains to observe the extent to which they use pollution free means of transport such as bicycles, traditional or conventional rickshaws, cycle vans, batty power rickshaws etc. 4 | P a g e A Socio-economic Survey Report of 20 Cities/ Towns in Tripura We have chosen Purposive sampling method for socioeconomic survey in Tripura. Purposive sampling is a qualitative method of sampling. We have chosen mix method for survey and analysis of data. We have analyzed the data using statistical method, which is a quantitative method. So actually we have chosen the mixed method for Tripura Socioeconomic survey and analysis for AMRUT. There are two broad sampling approaches-probability sampling and non-probability (or purposive) sampling. When every object, person, or event does not have a known probability of being included in the sample, the sampling method is “non- probability,” and selection is dictated by specific purpose. This is known as purposive sampling. Carefully chosen, purposive sampling can be extremely valuable in certain situations, especially when time is short. This is particularly true when the investigator’s primary interest is in understanding qualitative and relational issues rather than quantitative problems pertaining to how much, how often, or to what degree a particular attribute or characteristic is distributed. Non-probability sampling has been found to be effective in obtaining a holistic view of a situation, and in understanding system, behaviors, events, institutions, and underlying processes. Many variation of purposive sampling of people (men, women, and children), objects (water sources, defecation sites, public institutions, health clinics) or events can be used in participatory research. Since primary reliance is on a few individuals who are selected either because they are knowledgeable or important, or who are self-selected, it is important to understand the position of the informant in society. Thus, the age, gender, class, life experience, occupation, family connections, and motivations of the respondent are extremely important in understanding his or her perspective and making sense of it in light of other conflicting or different perspectives. Data Collection In case of Tripura, primary data collection method is being chosen to identify the need and problem of citizen of Tripura properly. Through Purposive sampling method we have covered 1161 household in Tripura. The collection of 1161 samples from the State Tripura gives an over-view about the whole population. 281 samples have been collected from capital Agartala and the rest of the state had 50 respondents each, leaving the bigger cities, like, Udaipur, Dharmanagar, Kailasahar, Bishalgarh which had 55 respondents each. Criteria for the selection of respondents • Income (low, moderate, high) • Education (illiterate, semi-literate, highly illiterate) • Class (upper, middle, lower) • Sex (male, female) • Job (school teacher, office, labor, N.G.O., housewife, student, added, retired, unorganized sector: biri labor, daily labor, house servant). 150 households have been covered in entire Agartala. Along with Questioner we have visited 150 household in different wards in Agartala. We have collected data from different class of people. We have chosen respondents from different economic class, different castes etc. Gender and age category are also other major criteria of our data collection method. The socioeconomic survey team has visited every municipal corporation office. With the help of local municipal council our team members visited every respondent household. We have got very good cooperation from every municipal council office during our survey period. Data Analysis 5 | P a g e A Socio-economic Survey Report of 20 Cities/ Towns in Tripura By nature of the study it’s a descriptive study. For descriptive study frequency distribution and cross tabulation is commonly used scientific methods. In statistics, a frequency distribution is a list, table or graph that displays the frequency of various outcomes in a sample. Each entry in the table contains the frequency or count of the occurrences of values within a particular group or interval. Frequency distributions are used for both qualitative and quantitative data. When a frequency table shows data for more than one variable, it is called joint or bivariate contingency table. Bivariate frequency tables often show data in a two-way arrangement. Cross-tabs or cross tabulation is a quantitative research method appropriate for analyzing the relationship between two or more variables. Cross tabulation used to understand the correlation between different variables. Cross tabulation is especially useful for studying survey responses. For this survey we have done cross tabulation of categorical data through SPSS. TRIPURA Tripura is one of the seven states located in the North-Eastern part of India in extreme South-West corner. It is the third smallest State bordered by Bangladesh in the North, South and west and Assam and Mizoram in the East. The Capital of Tripura is Agartala located on the plain to the West. It is situated between the river valley of Myanmar and Bangladesh covering and approximate area 10,491km/sqm. The terrain is of parallel hills and ridges running from the North-West to the South East direction with alerting narrow valleys talking topographically it extends from North-Eastern regions between latitudes from 22° 56’ N to 24° 32’ N and longitudes 91° 09’ E to 92° 20’ E. There are five mountain ranges ranging from North to South which are in the respective order: Boromura, Atharamura, Longtharai, Sakhan and Jampui hills with intervening valleys. It has a tropical savanna climate with forest covering more than half of the area which mostly include bamboos and cane traces. A number of rivers originate in the hills and flow towards Bangladesh. Khowai, Dhalai, Manu, Juri and Longai flow towards the North whereas Gumti flows towards the West and Muhuri and Feni have their movement towards South-West. Demography Tripura is the second most populated State in North-East India after Assam. According to the 2011 censes, Tripura has a population of 36,71,032 with 18,71,867 males and 17,99,165 females. As per 2011 census, the literacy rate of Tripura is 87.75% and is the third best State among all the seven states. According to 2011 census, Hinduism (83.40%) has the majority religion in the state whereas Jainism (0.02%) has the minority religion. The religions also consist of Muslims at 8.60%, Christian at 4.35%, Buddhist at 3.41%, Sikhs at 0.02% and other religion at 0.2%. The widely spoken language in Tripura is bengali followed by tripuri, chakma and hindi. Tripura represents the majority of 70% bengali community and 30% tripuri community. The state has the history of maximum population of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Caste. Methodology We have chosen Purposive sampling method for socioeconomic survey in Tripura. Purposive sampling is a qualitative method of sampling. We have chosen mix method for survey and analysis of data.
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