Gli Spazi Dell'arte Dalla Pop Art Al Concettuale

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Gli Spazi Dell'arte Dalla Pop Art Al Concettuale Gli Spazi dell’Arte dalla Pop Art al Concettuale Antico Palazzo di Città Musei Civici Cagliari (copertina) Eduardo Arroyo, (front cover) Eduardo Arroyo, La femme du mineur, 1970, La femme du mineur, 1970, La collezione d’arte olio su tela, cm 99 x 81 oil on canvas, 99 x 81 cm contemporanea The collection of contemporary art A cura di Anna Maria Montaldo Le opere della Collezione Contemporanea un tema centrale della raccolta. Realismo, The works in the collection of contempo- their relationship with society appears to be furono acquistate dalla Galleria Comunale nuova pittura, procedimento a montag- rary art were acquired by the Municipal Art the central theme of the collection. Realism, d’Arte di Cagliari al fine di documentare, gio, persino la negazione della figurazione Gallery of Cagliari to document the tenden- New Painting, the procedure of montage all’interno del patrimonio civico, le tendenze sembrano garantire un ampio consenso del cies and directions of contemporary artistic and even the negation of figuration ensured e gli indirizzi della ricerca contemporanea in pubblico che con un ruolo attivo entra in con- research at the national and international success among a vast public which began campo nazionale ed internazionale. tatto, sempre più stretto, con l’opera d’arte. levels within the framework of the city’s col- playing an active role and came into closer lections. and closer contact with the work of art. Per l’attuazione del progetto, datato 1968, L’esposizione della raccolta all’interno occorsero circa otto anni di lavori per arri- dell’Antico Palazzo di Città, spazio recen- The project was inaugurated 1968 and took The exhibition of the collection in the Antico vare al 1975, anno dell’inaugurazione della temente destinato all’arte contemporanea, some eight years of work up to its comple- Palazzo di Città, the old town hall, marked a raccolta. Furono acquisite settanta opere di segna un nuovo passo verso il perfezio- tion in 1975, the year of the first exhibition. new step towards completing the city’s art artisti nazionali ed internazionali e tredici di namento dell’esposizione delle collezioni Seventy works by Italian and international collections. artisti locali. Le opere sono state realizzate d’Arte del Comune di Cagliari. artists, including thirteen by local artists, tutte tra la fine degli anni Sessanta e il 1974; were acquired. All the works date from the The exhibition entitled “Gli Spazi dell’Arte” fanno eccezione la tempera di Gastone La mostra “Gli Spazi dell’Arte” integra, end of the 1960s to 1974, with the excep- integrates the course taken by the Municipal Biggi, datata 1963, e l’olio di Valentino Vago, infatti, il percorso della Galleria Comunale tions of the tempera by Gastone Biggi, Art Gallery which, with the Ingrao Collection più tardo, del 1977. d’Arte che, con la Collezione Ingrao e con dated 1963, and the oil painting by Valentino and the Collection of Sardinian Artists, pro- la Collezione degli Artisti Sardi, racconta Vago, dated 1977. vides a thorough examination of Italian and La Collezione è rappresentativa delle ten- molti dei percorsi compiuti dall’arte italiana Sardinian art over a long period of time, from denze e dei principali nodi di dibattito che in e sarda fra la seconda metà dell’Ottocento The collection represents all the tendencies the second half of the 19th century to 1970. quel lasso di tempo hanno caratterizzato la e il 1970. and main subjects of investigation which in scena artistica non solo italiana. that period characterized the artistic milieu, To provide complete fruition of the collection Per rendere possibile la completa fruizione and not only in Italy. the works will be exhibited cyclically. The I dipinti e le sculture sono pervase dallo della Collezione, le opere verranno esposte first of these exhibitions includes Pop Art, “spirito del ‘68”. In quegli anni molti artisti ciclicamente. La prima mostra comprende The paintings and sculptures are imbued Conceptual Art, Arte Povera, Abstract Art furono condizionati dalla riflessione sulla de- l’Arte Pop, l’Arte Concettuale, l’Arte Povera, with the “spirit of 1968”. In those years many and Analytical Painting. This will be followed stinazione dell’opera, sul senso del proprio L’astrazione e la Pittura Analitica. Seguirà artists were influenced by meditation on the by that of Minimal Art, Optical Art, Kinetic ruolo, sulla propria collocazione nella socie- l’esposizione dell’Arte Minimal, l’Arte Optical, destination of their works, on the sense of Art and the section devoted to graphics. tà. E il rapporto con la società appare essere l’Arte Cinetica e la sezione grafica. their role and their position in society. And Arte Pop Pop Art Dopo l’introspezione esasperata, tipica Following the exasperated introspection dell’Informale e dell’Espressionismo astratto, typical of the informal and abstract expres- negli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta del Nove- sionism, in the 1950s and 60s the object cento l’oggetto torna ad essere protagonista once again became the protagonist of art dell’opera d’arte in America come in Europa, works in the United States and Europe, with con una fortunata stagione che possiamo a fortunate season we can define as Pop. definire Pop. In the United States in the middle of the A metà degli anni Cinquanta, negli Stati 1950s, by creating a new relationship Uniti l’opera di Jasper Johns e di Robert Pietro Gallina, Uomo e donna, Pietro Gallina, Uomo e donna, between the real image and its pictorial 1966, olio e smalto su sagoma 1966, oil and enamel on a Rauschenberg si impone all’attenzione del representation the works of Jasper Johns di compensato, cm 170 x 200 plywood shape, 170 x 200 cm pubblico creando una nuova relazione tra and Robert Rauschenberg came to the immagine reale e immagine dipinta. La realtà attention of the public. Everyday reality, quotidiana, le cose comuni e banali diventa- common and banal things became the focus no protagoniste del loro lavoro attraverso il of their work through the simple insertion semplice inserimento dell’oggetto, il ready- in the painting of the object, the Duchamp made duchampiano, all’interno del dipinto. ready-made object. Tins, brooms, brushes Barattoli, scope, pennelli, letti, vengono and beds were attached to the canvas or attaccati o accostati alla tela e assemblati ai put near the canvas and assembled with the pigmenti pittorici. Gli artisti New Dada scel- colours. The New Dada artists chose as their gono come territorio di ricerca il rapporto field of research their relationship between tra se stessi e la realtà quotidiana; usano themselves and everyday reality; they used gli oggetti, li consumano per farli diventare objects, consumed them and made them parte di un racconto, storia di una vita. part of a story, the story of a life. Con la Pop Art (abbreviazione di Popular With Pop Art (abbreviation of Popular Art, Art dove popular non significa “popola- where popular is not used in the sense of “of re” ma “di massa”) l’interesse dell’artista the people” but “of the masses”) the artist’s si rivolge al mondo del consumismo, al interest addressed the world of consumer- bombardamento di oggetti quotidianamente ism, the bombardment of objects imposed imposti dal sistema della produzione e dalla day after day by the production system and pubblicità. La ripetizione seriale utilizzata da advertising. The serial repetitions used by Andy Warhol, la scala abnorme applicata Andy Warhol, the abnormal scale applied da Claes Oldenburg, la riproduzione delle by Claes Oldenburg and the reproduction of immagini con canoni fumettistici, tipica delle images with the cartoon strip canon typical opere di Roy Lichtenstein, sono alcune delle of Roy Lichtenstein’s work are some of the caratteristiche che si ritrovano in quasi tutte characteristics we find in almost all Pop le opere pop. Isolando l’oggetto d’uso quo- Art works. By isolating objects of daily use, tidiano, decontestualizzandolo, trasforman- decontextualizing them and turning them dolo in idolo o totem, gli artisti celebrano il into idols or totems, the artists celebrated trionfo del consumismo o lanciano un timido the triumph of consumerism or launched a grido d’allarme. timid cry of alarm. L’invenzione e la definizione di Nouveau The invention and definition of Nouveau Réalisme si deve, invece, al critico francese Réalisme is to be attributed to the French Pierre Restany che, nell’ottobre del 1960, critic Pierre Restany who in Paris in Octo- a Parigi, stila il manifesto dei “nuovi realisti”, ber 1960 wrote the manifesto of the “new Mimmo Rotella, Quel que Mimmo Rotella, Quel que soit votre, 1967, serigrafia soit votre, 1967, plasticized plastificata, cm 93 x 74 silkscreen print, 93 x 74 cm nel quale rientra, tra i numerosi artisti fran- realists”, in which we also find the name of cesi, il nome dell’italiano Mimmo Rotella. the Italian Mimmo Rotella. The subject of L’oggetto del Nouveau Rèalisme entra in Nouveau Rèalisme came into close contact stretta connessione con l’atto di appropria- with the act of appropriating a fragment zione di un frammento o di un’intera parte or an entire part of reality; with this act the della realtà e con tale atto l’artista dichiara la artists declared the expressive potential and potenziale autonomia espressiva che a esso autonomy they wanted to confer upon it. This intende conferire. Si tratta, chiaramente, del is clearly the symptom of unease, of the cyni- sintomo di un disagio, della cinica e forse cal and perhaps desperate realization of the disperata considerazione dell’impossibilità impossibility of a return to traditional painting. di un ritorno alla pittura tradizionale. Following the great success obtained by the Dopo il grande successo ottenuto dagli American artists present at the Biennial of artisti americani presenti alla Biennale di Venice in 1964, a brief but intense season of Venezia del 1964, una breve ma intensa sta- pop art invaded all of Europe.
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