Initial Environmental Examination Report Proposed Loan And
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Initial Environmental Examination Report Project Number: 39399 September 2013 Proposed Loan and Administration of Grant for Additional Financing South Asia Tourism Infrastructure Development Project (Nepal Portion) Prepared by the Government of Nepal (Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal) 2013 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 31 August 2013) Currency unit = Nepalese rupee/s (NRe/NRs) NRe1.00 = $0.0102 $1.00 = NRs95.92 ABBREVIATIONS AAQ – Ambient Air Quality ADB – Asian Development Bank AH – Affected Households AP – Affected Persons BOD – Biological Oxygen Demand CAAN – Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal CBS – Central Bureau of Statistics CDO – Chief District Officer CO – Carbon Monoxide DSMC – Design, Supervision, and Management Consultant DSC – Design and Supervision Consultants EA – Executing Agency EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan EPA – Environment Protection Act, 1997 EPR – Environment Protection Regulation, 1997 GBA – Gautama Buddha Airport GDP – Gross Domestic Product GON – Government of Nepal IA – Implementing Agency ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization IEE – Initial Environment Examination LDT – Lumbini Development Trust MOCTCA – Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation MOSTE – Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment NGO – Nongovernmental Organization NOx – Nitrogen oxide NPC – National Planning Commission NRs – Nepalese Rupees NRM – Nepal Resident Mission NTB – Nepal Tourism Board PAM – Project Administration Manual PMU – Project Management Unit RP – Resettlement Plan RRP – Report and Recommendation of the President SARD – South Asia Regional Department SASEC – South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation SO 2 – Sulfur Dioxide TIA – Tribhuvan International Airport UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization VDC – Village Development Committee WHS – World Heritage Site Table of Contents Abbreviations 1 Introduction .................................................................................... 1 1.1 Name and Address of the Proponent .................................................................... 1 1.2 Background .......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 History of GBA Project Preparation ...................................................................... 2 1.4 Rationale of the IEE .............................................................................................. 2 1.5 Objectives of the IEE ............................................................................................. 2 2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework ................................................................... 3 2.1 Legal Provisions of the Government ..................................................................... 3 2.2 Safeguard Policy Statement of ADB ..................................................................... 5 2.3 ICAO's Norms and Standards ............................................................................... 5 3 Description of the Project .................................................................................... 6 3.1 Relevancy of the GBA Expansion and Upgrading ................................................. 6 3.2 Scope of the Project ............................................................................................. 6 3.3 Location of the Project Area ................................................................................. 7 3.4 Components and Activities of the Project ............................................................. 7 3.5 Introcucing Electrical Vehicles in the Lumbini Area ............................................... 8 3.6 Construction Approach ....................................................................................... 10 4 Description of Environment of the Project Area ............................................................ 10 4.1 Physical Environment ......................................................................................... 10 4.2 Biological Environment ..................................................................................... 144 4.3 Socio-Economic Environment ........................................................................... 155 5 Analysis of Alternatives .................................................................................. 17 5.1 With and Without Project Scenarios ................................................................... 17 5.2 Improvement of Gautam Buddha Airport ............................................................ 18 5.3 Location for Proposed Expansion ....................................................................... 19 5.4 Alternatives for Ghaghara Khola Diversion ......................................................... 19 6 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures .................................... 22 6.1 Beneficial Impacts and Benefit Augmentation Measures .................................... 22 6.2 Pre-construction Impacts 244 6.3 Impacts during Construction ............................................................................. 255 6.4 Impacts during Operation ................................................................................... 31 6.5 Impacts from Solar/Electricity Charged Hybrid Electrict Vehicle in Lumbini Area 34 7 Environmental Management Plan .................................................................................. 35 7.1 Plan for Mitigation Measures .............................................................................. 35 7.2 Environmental Monitoring ................................................................................... 35 7.3 Environmental Auditing ..................................................................................... 477 7.4 Institutional Arrangements ................................................................................ 477 7.5 Estimated EMP Budget ...................................................................................... 50 8 Public Consultation and Disclosure ................................................................................. 52 8.1 Public Consultations ........................................................................................... 53 8.2 Public Notification ............................................................................................... 55 9 Grievance Redress Mechanism ................................................................................ 566 10 Conclusion and Recommendations ................................................................................ 57 List of Tables Table 2.1: Review of Environmental Acts, Regulations and Guidelines Table 3.1: Apron Dimension Table 4.1: Soil Property in the Project Area Table 4.2: Land use Pattern of Rupandehi District Table 4.3: Water Quality-Ghaghara Khola Table 4.4: Air Quality Data of Bhairahawa City Table 4.5: Aircraft Emission Data (A330-300) Table 4.6: List of Birds Sited around the Project Site Table 4.7: Educational Levels of AHs Table 4.8: Main Source of Income of AHs Table 4.9: Income Categories of Affected Households Table 5.1: Comparison of Alternatives Table 6.2: Typical Noise Levels of Construction Equipment Table 6.1: Summary of Resettlement Impacts Table 6.3: Proposed Emission Sources and Emission Rate Table 7.1: Proposed Plan for Benefit Augmentation Measure Table 7.2: Environmental Management Plan for GBA Table 7.3: Monitoring Parameters, Location, Schedules and Responsibilities Table 7.4: Training Modules for Institutional Strengthening on Environmental Management Table 7.5: Estimated Cost for Environment Protection Measures Table 7.6: Estimated Cost for Routine Environmental Monitoring and Operation of Safeguard Desk during Construction Stage of the Project Table 7.7: Estimated Cost for Impact Monitoring Table 7.8: Indicative Cost for Environmental Auditing Table 7.9: Summary Cost for EMP Implementation Table 8.1: Summary of Past Consultations List of Figures Figure 3.1: Map of Nepal Showing Location of GBA and Lumbini Figure 4.1: Satellite Image of the GBA and Layout Showing Proposed Expansion Figure 7.1: Organization Arrangement for EMP Implementation Figure 9.1: Grievance Redress Procedure Appendices Appendix 1: REA Checklist Appendix 2: Demographic Profile of the Project Area Appendix 3: Public Hearing at the Project Area Appendix 4: Public Notification on 28 September 2012 Appendix 5: Map of Project Area Including GBA and Lumbini Appendix 6: A Schematic Diagram of Ghaghara Khola Diversion 1 Introduction 1.1 Name and Address of the Proponent 1. The name of the Proposal of this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is the “South Asia Tourism Infrastructure Development Project (Nepal Portion)” (the Project). The Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN) is the Proponent for the Gaitam Buddha Airport (GBA) upgrading component, whereas the Lumbini Development Trust (LDT) is the Proponent for the Lumbini area improvement component. The Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation (MOCTCA) is the concerned ministry for the Project. 2. Following is the address of the proponents. (i) GBA Component: Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN) Babar Mahal, Kathmandu Telephone No: +977-1-4211620 (ii) Lumbini Area Development Component: Lumbini Development Trust Sacred Garden Lumbini, Nepal Telphone:+977-71-580189, 580196, 580200 Fax:+977-71-580181 Email: [email protected] Liaison Office GPO Box: 4072, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: +977-1-4268494,