Timeline of

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Antwerp, .

Prior to 13th century

from abt. 150 – abt. 250-270: Gallo-Roman settlement in the centre Contents [1][2][3] of Antwerpen (at "Willem Ogierplaats"). Prior to 13th century abt 700: Oldest mention of the name Andoverpis in a written source : 13th–15th century the Vita Eligii dated early 8th century (abt. 700).[4] 739: death of Saint Willibrord, bishop.[5] 16th century 978: Treaty of Margut-sur-Chiers, between France and German 17th–18th centuries empire, the river Scheldt is recognised as the border between 19th century Neustrië and Lotharingie[6] 20th century 980 - the German Emperor Otto II awarded Antwerp a margraviate, and build a fortification on the wharf (de burg) with a ditch the 21st century "burchtgracht" See also 1100 The Roya is a small natural river that runs outside the References "Burchtgracht" 1104 The fortification of the "Burcht" is reinforced by Emperor Hendrik IV. The wall's height in increased from 5 metres (16 ft) to 12 External links metres (39 ft) its thickness from 1.35 metres (4.4 ft) to 2 metres (6.6 ft) 1109: Antwerp starts making city canals the "ruienstelsel" From the Koolvliet in the north via, Holenrui, Minderbroedersrui to Suikerrui and Botervliet in the south

13th–15th century

1250 - Construction of the second Vleeshuis, city butchery and Guildhouse of the butchers[7] 1406 - City becomes part of the Duchy of Brabant. 1442 - Guild of Saint Luke granted privileges. 1477 - Quaeye Werelt revolt 1478 Joyous Entry of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor into the city. Violieren chamber of rhetoric founded.[8] 1481 - Matt. Van der Goes sets up press.[9] 1491 - One of the world's "first" illustrated advertisements printed in Antwerp.[10]

16th century

1503 - Construction of the third Vleeshuis, current building, city butchery and guildhouse of the butchers .[11] 1513 - Guild Hall of the Archers built.[12] 1515 - Joyous Entry of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor into the city. 1518 - Notre Dame Cathedral built.[13] 1520 - Het Steen fortress rebuilt. 1523 - Church of St. Andrew built.[12] 1528 - Merten de Keyser (printer) in business (approximate date).[14] 1531 - Opening of the Bourse of Antwerp, the first purpose- built exchange.[12] 1533 - Lancelot II of Ursel saves the Cathedral from total ruin. City of Antwerp, 1572 1543 - Music publisher Susato in business.[15] 1549 - Philip II of Spain visits city.[16] 1552 - Girls' orphanage built.[12] 1555 - Christophe Plantin (printer) in business.[17] 1560s - Antwerp Citadel built.[18] 1565 - City Hall built.[12] 1566 - August: Protestant Reformation riots. 1567 - 13 March: Battle of Oosterweel occurs near city. 1568 Anthony van Stralen, Lord of Merksem, former mayor is executed.. Maison Hanseatique built.[12] Population: 125,000.[12] 1570 - Theatrum Orbis Terrarum atlas published. 1571 - Church of St. Paul built.[12] 1572 - Antwerp Citadel completed. 1576 - 4 November: during the Sack of Antwerp, John III van de Werve, Lord of Hovorst gets killed by the Spanish forces,.[12] 1577 - Antwerp Citadel partially dismantled. 1579 City joins Union of Utrecht. Hall of the Coopers built.[12] 1583 - 17 January: François, Duke of Anjou tries to take city. 1584 - July: Siege of Antwerp begins. 1585 August: Siege of Antwerp ends; Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma in power.[12] Population: 85,000.[12] 1589 Church of the Capuchins built. Population: 55,000.[12] 1593 - Hieronymus Verdussen (printer) in business Defeat of the rebels on the (approximate date). Kouwensteinsedijk, 26 May 1585 1594 - Joyous Entry of Archduke Ernest of Austria into the city. 1599 - Isabella and Albert (Habsburg Netherlands sovereigns) make their Joyous Entry into the city.[19]

17th–18th centuries

1603 - Nicolaas II Rockox builds the Rockox House. 1609 - Twelve Years' Truce signed. 1615 - Church of Augustinians built.[12] 1621 - Carolus Borromeuskerk built.[12] 1635 - Joyous Entry of Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand into the city.[20] 1638 - 20 June: Battle of Kallo. Carnival on Ice at the Kipdorppoort 1644 - House of the Tailors rebuilt.[12] Moats, c. 1620 1646 - Hall of the Carpenters rebuilt.[12] 1646 - Siege of Antwerp by Frederick Henry failed. 1648 River Scheldt closed to navigation per Treaty of Münster.[13] Joyous Entry of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria into the city.[21] 1656 - St. James' Church built.[12] 1663 - Royal Academy of Fine Arts founded. View of the Meir in Antwerp. Painting 1745 - Royal Residence built on the Meir. by Erasmus de Bie 1746 - Osterrieth House built on the Meir. 1750 - Royal Horticultural and Agricultural Society exhibitions begin (approximate date).[22] 1755 - Royal Palace built.[12] 1790 - Population: 40,000.[12] 1795 - City becomes capital of French département Deux-Nèthes.

19th century

1802 - Quays built on Schelde River.[12] 1805 - City opens in City Hall.[23] 1810 - Royal Museum of Fine Arts founded. 1811 - Bonaparte Dock built. 1813 - Willem Dock built. 1815 - City becomes part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.[13] 1816 - Jewish Community established. 1818 - Fortresses built.[13] Fish market, c. 1833 1826 - Orangery built in the Botanical Garden. 1830

Conflict between Belgian insurgents and Dutch forces.[13] Population: 73,506.[12] 1832 - November–December: City besieged by French forces.[12] 1834 Medical Society founded.[24] Theatre Royal built.[12] 1843 - Zoological Garden founded.[25] 1846 - Population: 88,487.[13] 1848 - Jan Frans Loos becomes mayor. 1852 - Wuyts art gallery opens (approximate date).[26] 1853 Institut Saint-Ignace inaugurated.[27] Church of St. George consecrated.[12] 1859 and become part of city (approximate date).[13] Old city walls dismantled.[12] Fortress construction begins. 1860 - Kattendijk built.[13] 1864 - Museum of Antiquities opens.[28] 1866 - Cholera epidemic. 1867 - School of Music founded.[29] 1870 - Fort Merxem constructed.[13] 1871 - International Geographical Congress held. 1872 - Exchange building and Flemish Theatre built.[12] 1873 - Horsecar trams begin operating. 1874 - Demolition of Antwerp Citadel begins.[12] 1876 - Royal Geographical Society of Antwerp founded.[30] 1877 - Plantin-Moretus Museum opens. 1879 - Population: 173,600.[12] 1880 - Royal Antwerp Football Club formed. 1881 - Antwerp Water Works constructed. 1883 - Library building opens. 1884 - Royal Atheneum (school) built.[31] 1885 Exposition Universelle d'Anvers (world's fair) held. Temperance conference held.[32] 1891 - Gazet van Antwerpen newspaper begins publication.[33] 1892 - Société Anversoise du Commerce au Congo in business. 1893

Koninklijke Vlaamse Opera (Flemish Opera) founded.[34] Hollandse Synagoge built. 1894 - Exposition Internationale d'Anvers (world's fair) and Universal Peace Congress[35] held. 1895 - Compagnie Belge Maritime du Congo in business. 1896 - National Archives' Antwerp branch founded.[36] 1897 - De Nieuwe Gazet newspaper begins publication.[33] 1898 - Royal Conservatory established.[37]

20th century

1902 - Electric trams begin operating. 1903 - World Gymnastics Championships held. 1904 - Museum Mayer van den Bergh built. 1905 - Antwerpen-Centraal railway station and "America dock"[13] open. 1906 - Fort Breendonk built. 1907 - Eisenmann Synagogue built. 1910 Population: 361,723.[13] St. Boniface Church consecrated. 1914 - September–October: Siege of Antwerp; German occupation begins.[38][39] 1920 Bond of the City of Antwerp, issued 18. Mai 1917 1920 Summer Olympics held. Compagnie Financière Belge des Pétroles headquartered in city.[40] Colonial school and Société Belge des Bétons[41] founded 1921 - Schoonselhof cemetery established. 1923 - Airport opens. 1928 - Antwerpsche Diamantkring established. 1930 - Eeuwfeestkliniek (hospital) built. 1931 - Antwerp Fair begins. 1932 - Boerentoren built. 1933 - Museum of Flemish Literature founded. 1940 - May: German occupation begins. 1944 4 September: Liberation by the British 11th Armoured Division. October–November: Battle of the Scheldt. 1946 - Rubens House museum opens. 1966 Sporthal Arena built. Wide White Space Gallery opens. 1967 - Antwerp International School established. 1968 - De Tijd newspaper begins publication.[33] 1969 Jazz Middelheim festival begins. Kennedytunnel opens. Royal Ballet of Flanders established. 1970 - Chicagoblok built. 1975 Antwerp Pre-metro begins operating. International Gemological Institute headquartered in city. 1977 - 't Fornuis restaurant in business. 1981 - Zeno X gallery opens.[42] 1983 - Berchem, Borgerhout, Deurne, , Hoboken, Merksem, and become part of the city of Antwerp.[43] 1985 - Museum of Modern Art founded. 1989 - Berendrecht Lock constructed. 1994 Laus Polyphoniae festival begins. Switel Hotel fire 1995 - City website launched (Digitale Metropool Antwerpen).[44]

21st century

2003 Patrick Janssens becomes mayor.[45] established. 2004 Fotomuseum Antwerp opens. City designated a UNESCO World Book Capital. 2006 0110 concert held. FelixArchief (city archives)[46] and Law Courts building open. 2007 Antwerp World Diamond Centre established.[47] Stadsfeestzaal shopping center opens. 2011 Museum aan de Stroom opens. Population: 507,007. 2013 - becomes mayor.

See also

History of Antwerp List of mayors of Antwerp List of schools in Antwerp List of parks in Antwerp List of historical monuments of Antwerp/Historical Center Timelines of other municipalities in Belgium: Bruges, Brussels, Ghent, Leuven, Liège History of urban centers in the Low Countries

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This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia and the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in the 18th-19th century

"Anvers" (https://books.google.com/books?id=Mv1WAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR33). Gazetteer of the Netherlands. Attributed to Clement Cruttwell. London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson. 1794. "Antwerp". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822. hdl:2027/njp.32101073846667 (https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fnjp.321010 73846667). "Antwerp" (https://books.google.com/books?id=LKdbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA369). Penny Magazine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. London: Charles Knight. 22 December 1832. "Antwerp" (https://books.google.com/books?id=bUxAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA241). The Traveller's Guide through Belgium. Brussels: A.D. Wahlen. 1835. OCLC 32329300 (https://www.worldcat.o rg/oclc/32329300). Alexandre Ferrier de Tourette (1840). "Anvers" (https://books.google.com/books?id=8GLRAmJ zKxIC&pg=PA70). Belgium historical and picturesque. Translated by Addison. Brussels: Hauman. "Wayside Pictures through France, Belgium, and Holland: the Shores of the Low Countries; Antwerp" (https://archive.org/details/bentleysmiscell20smitgoog). Bentley's Miscellany. London: Richard Bentley: 624 (https://archive.org/details/bentleysmiscell20smitgoog/page/n652). 1849. J. Willoughby Rosse (1858). "Antwerp". Index of Dates ... Facts in the Chronology and History of the World. London: H.G. Bohn. hdl:2027/uva.x030807786 (https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuv a.x030807786) – via Hathi Trust. Feestalbum van Antwerpen (https://books.google.com/books?id=lVdbAAAAQAAJ) (in Dutch). Antwerpen: Buschmann. 1864. John Ramsay McCulloch (1869), "Antwerp", in Hugh G. Reid (ed.), A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, hdl:2027/njp.32101075979870 (https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fnjp.32101075979870) Visitors Universal Handybook and Guide to Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Ghent, Bruges, Liege, etc. etc (https://books.google.com/books?id=qmMDAAAAQAAJ) (5th ed.). Antwerp: John De Wit & Joris. 1884. W. Pembroke Fetridge (1885), "Antwerp" (https://archive.org/stream/harperseuropeeast00fetr#p age/n605/mode/2up), Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers Walter D. Welford (October 1895), "Belgium through a Hand Camera" (https://books.google.co m/books?id=VbcaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA203), Photographic Times Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Antwerp" (https://archive.org/stream/guidethroughgerm00nord#p age/406/mode/2up), Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555 (https://www.w orldcat.org/oclc/8395555)

Published in the 20th century

Grant Allen (1904), Belgium: its Cities, Boston: Page, OL 24136954M (https://openlibrary.org/bo oks/OL24136954M) "Antwerp" (https://archive.org/stream/belgiumhollan00karl#page/164/mode/2up), Belgium and Holland, including the grand-duchy of Luxembourg (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/397759) Henri Zondervan, ed. (1914), "Antwerpen", Winkler Prins' Geillustreerde Encyclopaedie (in Dutch), 1 (4th ed.), Amsterdam: Uitgevers-Maatschappy „Elsevier“, hdl:2027/mdp.39015068310187 (https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.39015068310187) "Antwerp" (https://books.google.com/books?id=IDozAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA127), Traveller's Handbook for Belgium and the Ardennes, London: T. Cook & Son, 1921

External links

Europeana. Items related to Antwerp (https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=ant werp&rows=96), various dates.

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