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Airpower in Three Wars
AIRPOWER IN THREE WARS GENERAL WILLIAM W. MOMYER USAF, RET. Reprint Edition EDITORS: MANAGING EDITOR - LT COL A. J. C. LAVALLE, MS TEXTUAL EDITOR - MAJOR JAMES C. GASTON, PHD ILLUSTRATED BY: LT COL A. J. C. LAVALLE Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama April 2003 Air University Library Cataloging Data Momyer, William W. Airpower in three wars / William W. Momyer ; managing editor, A. J. C. Lavalle ; textual editor, James C. Gaston ; illustrated by A. J. C. Lavalle–– Reprinted. p. ; cm. With a new preface. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-58566-116-3 1. Airpower. 2. World War, 1939–1945––Aerial operations. 3. Korean War. 1950–1953––Aerial operations. 4. Vietnamese Conflict, 1961–1975––Aerial oper- ations. 5. Momyer, William W. 6. Aeronautics, Military––United States. I. Title. II. Lavalle, A. J. C. (Arthur J. C.), 1940– III. Gaston, James C. 358.4/009/04––dc21 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release. Air University Press 131 West Shumacher Avenue Maxwell AFB AL 36112-6615 http://aupress.maxwell.af.mil ii TO . all those brave airmen who fought their battles in the skies for command of the air in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. iii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK PREFACE 2003 When I received the request to update my 1978 foreword to this book, I thought it might be useful to give my perspective of some aspects on the employment of airpower in the Persian Gulf War, the Air War over Serbia (Operation Allied Force), and the war in Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom). -
PIAMA 26 a Historical Appreciation of Naval Air Power
Papers in Australian Maritime Affairs No. 26 Papers in Australian Maritime Affairs Papers in Australian Maritime Affairs No. 26 A Historical Appreciation of the Contribution of Naval Air Power A Historical Appreciation Of The Contribution Naval Air Power A Historical Appreciation Andrew T Ross and James M Sandison with an introduction by Jack McCaffrie A.T. Ross and J.M. Sandison A.T. SEA POWER CENTRE - AUSTRALIA A HISTORICAL APPRECIATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF NAVAL AIR POWER © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2008 This work is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, and with standard source credit included, no part may be reproduced without written permission. Enquiries should be addressed to the Director, Sea Power Centre - Australia, Department of Defence, CANBERRA ACT 2600. National Library of Australian Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Ross, A.T. 1948- Sandison, J.M. 1932- McCaffrie, J. 1948- A historical appreciation of the contribution of naval air power ISSN 1327-5658 ISBN 978-0-642-2965-5 A HISTORICAL APPRECIATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF NAVAL AIR POWER by Andrew T. Ross and James M. Sandison with an introduction by Jack McCaffrie iv Disclaimer The views expressed are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Government of Australia, the Department of Defence and the Royal Australian Navy. The Commonwealth of Australia will not be legally responsible in contract, tort or otherwise for any statement made in this publication. Sea Power Centre – Australia The Sea Power Centre – Australia (SPC-A), was established to undertake activities to promote the study, discussion and awareness of maritime issues and strategy within the RAN and the Defence and civil communities at large. -
Teacher Help Guide
TEACHER HELP GUIDE LESSON PLAN: The Nuclear Umbrella – Still Here After the Cold War DEVELOPED BY: John Clark, science teacher and military historian, Deltona High School, Deltona, FL 2012 Naval Historical Foundation STEM-H Teacher Fellowship INSTRUCTIONAL GOAL: (history) The Cold War period is required study under the educational standards of many states. This lesson offers an original way to cover that period in American history and potentially raise student achievement through its uniqueness. BACKGROUND: The Cold War is officially over but the threat from the evolution of nuclear weapons that created that war remains and is growing. Students need to understand that an attack on the United States by a nuclear weapon is still a very real possibility. Make the Cold War come alive for your students by using the resources and web site of the Cold War Gallery at the Naval Museum in Washington, D.C. to educate today’s students about the realities of living under a nuclear umbrella. Focusing on the role of the Navy during this long and tense 45 year period is a great way to build student interest in learning about an important chapter in recent American history. Students will gain a perspective of how living under the nuclear umbrella has evolved to present day. Our future citizens need to internalize the continuing dangers and the threat to American life evolving from the spread of nuclear weapons around the globe. If you cannot come to the museum you can use its resources by taking your students on a virtual tour of the gallery. -
The In-Country War by John T
In South Vietnam, airpower was subor- dinated to a ground strategy—and the ground strategy didn’t work. A F-100 Supersabre sends a 750-pound bomb hurtling toward its target in Vietnam. The In-Country War by John T. Correll he prevailing military wis- US involvement began as advice Vietnam, directed by political decisions, dom going into the 1960s was and training for the South Vietnamese was essentially that of a war of attrition,” that the United States should armed forces but the mission expanded. said Army Gen. William C. Westmore- Tnot get bogged down in a ground war in In mid-1965, the United States plunged land, commander of Military Assistance Asia. This admonition was well known into what it had so often been warned Command Vietnam, MACV. to policy-makers in the White House and against—a land war in Asia. By the end The assumption was that “search the Pentagon as they struggled with the of 1965, there were 155,000 US troops and destroy” operations could win the impending problem of Vietnam. on the ground in South Vietnam, with war in the South by inflicting more In late April of 1961, the new Presi- more on the way. casualties than the enemy was prepared dent, John F. Kennedy, was cautioned By decree from Washington, the to withstand. Westmoreland—who de- again by Gen. Douglas MacArthur, who “In-Country” War in South Vietnam vised the attrition strategy—dismissed had fought two wars in the Pacific and took precedence over all other efforts any concern about “Asia’s legendary Far East. -
Mobility, Support, Endurance : a Story of Naval Operational Logistics in The
BMmi : "^ ; ;tl!!tl! sll> 1 i ^^^^^^^^^^H if m nil i iii 11 i im m MONGOLIA ; X)SUKA CHI CHI JIMA N AWA ^ti^?=^"a:PCKNER BAY 'AN ISIUNG 'ING HARBOR ^i^JtlAM \0! PPINE: EQUATO-B- Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from LYRASIS members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/mobilitysupporteOOhoop QXfOP,0(^ MOBILITY, SUPPORT ENDURANCE A Story of Naval Operational Logistics in the Vietnam War 1965-1968 by VICE ADMIRAL EDWIN BICKFORD HOOPER, USN (Retired) NAVAL HISTORY DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON, D.C., 1972 LC Card 76-184047 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1972 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402—Price S4.25 Stock Number 0846-0057 Dedication Dedicated to the logisticians of all Services and in all wars, and in particular, to the dedicated, and often heroic, ofl&cers and men of the Service Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet. UNNTED STATES NH-74351 The globe as viewed from over the intersection of the Date Line and Equator. Foreword In narrating the naval history of a war, one approach open to a historian is to record the general story of naval operations, then complement the main history with works dealing with specialized fields. The Naval History Division plans to follow this approach in the case of the Vietnam War, focusing the Division's efforts primarily on an account of naval operations but accompanying the major history with publications in limited fields deserving of treatment beyond that to be given in the main work. -
Wall Note Nineteen: 2013 Vietnam Veterans Memorial Interventions Daniel R
WALL NOTE NINETEEN: 2013 VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL INTERVENTIONS DANIEL R. ARANT [email protected] DATE OF INFORMATION: 19 JULY 2013 01. PURPOSE. This Wall Note lists the name, date of incident, and Wall location associated with each of the thirty service members that compose the 2013 Wall Interventions. A short summary of the incident associated with each name is included. The names are divided into four categories: (01) name additions, (02) names whose remains have been identified and whose symbol was changed from a plus to a diamond, (03) names whose remains have been identified and who already had a diamond symbol, and (04) a name which did not have a symbol. As of 20 June 2013 the Department of Defense (DOD) military unaccounted for number is 1,614. The Wall “missing” number is 736. See Wall Note Eighteen: U.S. Unaccounted For in Southeast Asia and East Asia (Update Four) for an explanation of why there is an 878 number difference. 02. DISCLAIMER. This Wall Note in not an official publication of the U.S. National Park Service (USNPS), the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund (VVMF), or the DOD. Linda R. M. SEALE and USNPS volunteer Donald ADAM provided proofreading support. Any errors are solely mine. Comments/corrections are solicited. 03. ANNOTATED MAPS/CHARTS. The annotated 1:50,000 scale AMS maps and 1:500,000 scale TPC charts are provided through the courtesy and permission of U.S. Army tanker (1st Battalion, 69th Armor) Viet Nam veteran Ray SMITH. Click on the orange icons on the maps for amplifying information. -
Educator Guide on the Line Printer Friendly
Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum Educator’s Guide Understanding and Teaching the Exhibition Inside: □ Essential Questions □ Map of the Exhibition □ Teaching in the Exhibition □ Before You Come Checklist □ Content-Related Standards □ Key Topics Online: □ Student Question Sheet □ Additional Resources ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Use the Essential Questions below to connect the themes of the exhibition to your curriculum. Identify key points that you would like students to learn. Text in blue corresponds to different sections in the exhibition. Text in red refers to social studies concepts addressed in this exhibition. Definitions are provided in the Key Topics section of this Educator’s Guide. What led the United States to get involved in How did the experience of Intrepid crew members Vietnam? differ from the experience of non-Navy servicemen during the Vietnam War? Cold War Fears : The Viet Minh, led by Ho Chi Minh, was dedicated to the goal of an independent, unified and On the Line: American involvement in the Vietnam War lasted from Communist Vietnam. U.S. involvement in Vietnam was 1961 to 1975. Between 1966 and 1969, the crew of USS Intrepid , an Essex -class aircraft carrier, served three tours of duty off the intended to stop the spread of Communism in Southeast coast of Vietnam. “On the line” refers to the times when the ship Asia, protect American interests and preserve the balance and its crew were engaged in launching aircraft on strike missions of power during the Cold War . The domino theory —the over mainland Vietnam. These young men, some still teenagers, belief that if one nation in an unstable region fell to were removed from the fiercest fighting of the ground war, but Communism, others might follow—influenced American they faced danger in the air and at sea. -
On Station Yankee Team and Market Time
MSO-minesweeper ocean Wood hull construction On Station Compliment — 80 men Length — 172 ft. Speed 14 kts YAKEE TEAM & MARKET TIME Twin 20 mm mounts. USS Mattaponi, AO-41—1942-1972 SS Kalkay - Mattie - Mad Mattie - Mad Poni - USS Marine Serpent - Angel of Market Time Crew from USS Loyalty MSO-457* board and search a junk and sampan while on a Market Time Patrol . USS Albatross MSC-289 on Market Time Patrol MSC-minesweeper coastal USS Advance MSO-510* Non-metallic construction: wood MSO’s involved in Operation Market Time Patrols hull, stainless steel, aluminum, USS Conflict MSO-426 USS Implicit MSO-455 bronze fittings, and a bronze engine. USS Constant MSO-427* USS Inflict MSO-456 Complement 50 USS Dynamic MSO-432 USS Loyalty MSO-457* USS Engage MSO-433 USS Pivot MSO-463 Length 144 ft. USS Embattle MSO-434 USS Pluck MSO-464 Speed 13 kts. USS Endurance MSO-435 USS Prime MSO-466 Two 50 cal. Machine guns, and one USS Energy MSO-436* USS Reeper MSO-467 81 mm mortar. USS Ehance MSO-437 USS Conquest MSO-488 USS Esteem MSO-438 USS Gallant MSO-489 If you check Mattaponi and Albatross’s USS Excel MSO-439 USS Leader MSO-490 refueling location on the maps on the USS Firm MSO-444 USS Persistent MSO-491 next two pages, you’ll see that we are USS Force MSO-445 USS Pledge MSO-492 USS Fortify MSO-446 USS Acme MSO-508 on station near the outer boundary of USS Impervious MSO-449 USS Advance MSO-510* Market Time Area 9. -
The War in South Vietnam the Years of the Offensive 1965-1968
THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA The War in South Vietnam The Years of the Offensive 1965-1968 John Schlight Al R FORCE Histbru and 9 Museums PROGRAM 1999 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Schlight, John The war in South Vietnam: the years of the offensive, 1965-1968 (The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia) Bibliography: p. 385 Includes Index 1. Vietnamese conflict, 1961-1975-Aerial operations, American. 2. United States. Air Force-History-Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975. I. Title. 11. Series. DS558.8.S34 1988 959.704'348"~ 19 88-14030 ISBN 0-912799-51-X ii Foreword This volume, the latest published by the Office of Air Force History in the United States Air Force in Southeast Asia series, looks at the Air Force’s support of the ground war in South Vietnam between 1965 and early 1968. The book covers the period from the time when the United States began moving from an advisory role into one of active involvement to just before the time when the United States gradually began disengaging from the war. The final scene is the successful air campaign conducted during the Communists’ siege of the Marine camp at Khe Sanh. While the actual siege lasted from late January to the middle of March 1968, enemy preparations for the encirclement-greatly increased truck traffic and enemy troop move- ments-were seen as early as October 1967. A subsequent volume in the Southeast Asia series will take up the story with the Communists’ concurrent Tet offensive during January and February 1968. -
Qqf.R{$Str|[D 8Y Ailr{0Fl If Frl ,Tui'uni,Ur-Rrrurt Ufo T
qqf.r{$str|[D 8Y Ailr{0fl if frl ,tui'uni,ur-rrrurt ufo t APPROTEO FOR P|lBLII RELEA$E PLANS AND OPERATIONS USAF .a* THE AIR CAMPAIGN AGAINST NORTH VIETNAM 1966 (u) by Jacob Van Staaveren USAF Histori.cal Diyision Liaison Office January 1968 F'OREWORD USAF Plans *"d qp"J"Ilgq", Th. Ai" C"tttp"lgl !!t Vte cal studies on the war in Southeast Asia prepared by the USAF Historical Division Liaison Office. The previous monographs covered plans, policies, and operations in the theater beginning in 1961. The current history reviews the political background and top Ievel discussions leading to the renewed bombing campaign in early 1966, the restrictions still imposed on air operations, and the positions taken on them by the military chiefs. It discusses the various studies and events whieh led to the Pnesident's decision to strike at North Vietnamrs oil storage facilities and the results of those mid*year attacks. It also examines the increasing effec- tiveness of enemy, air defenses and the continuing assessments of the air campaign under way at yearrs end. lu* lU,-^'l---{/1 MAX ROSENBERG V Chief USAF Historical Division Liaison Office (Material on this page is UNCLASSIFID) NOTE Listed below are the code names of certain air concepts, operations, programs, a.nd aircraft cited in this study. The reader may find it help- ful to refer to the list on occasion. Barrel RoIl Initiated in December 1964, Barrel Roll mis- sions were flown against troops, equipment and supplies provided by North Vietnam in sup- port of the Communist-Ied Pathet Lao. -
Oct. 22, 1965 Pxs & Pup Tents. Around South Viet
Oct. 22, 1965 PXs & Pup Tents. Around South Viet Nam's four present jet fields—Danang, Chu Lai, Bien Hoa and Saigon—are clustered most of the rest of the U.S. presence in Viet Nam. On the "hot pads" at the runway ends of each stand the silver planes, bombs aboard, on phased alert: the first wave is on five-minute call, the next on 15-minute call, then a group on 30-minute call, finally a wave on an hour's notice. On the average, within 17 minutes of a platoon leader's radioed call for help, the jets can be over the target with almost any combination of weapons he might need: .50-cal. machine-gun bullets, cannon shells, Bull-Pup missiles, Zuni rockets, napalm, 260-lb. to 3,000-lb. bombs. At the newest of the fields, Chu Lai, leveled and surfaced with aluminum matting by the Seabees in less than 30 days last spring, the runway is still so short that the jets take off in a double-throated roar of engines and Jet Assisted Takeoff bottles, sometimes returning to land carrier-style with an arresting cable at runway's end. The marines at Chu Lai are accustomed to the roar over their tents on the steaming dunes. Less easy to take has been the choking dust, now damped down by the first northern monsoons, and the fact that the nearest liberty is the Marine headquarters town of Danang. "That's like being allowed to leave the state prison to go to the county jail," snorts one leatherneck. -
1965 Vietnam Combat Operations
VIETNAM COMBAT OPERATIONS – 1965 A chronology of Allied combat operations in Vietnam 1 VIETNAM COMBAT OPERATIONS – 1965 A chronology of Allied combat operations in Vietnam Stéphane Moutin-Luyat – 2009 distribution unlimited Front cover: Lt. Johnny Libs, 2d Platoon, Company C, 2d Battalion, 16th Infantry, 1st Inf Div. Bien Hoa, September 1965. (First Division Museum) 2 VIETNAM COMBAT OPERATIONS – 1965 A chronology of Allied combat operations in Vietnam This volume is the first in a series of chronologies of Allied 8th Fld Hosp combat operations conducted during the Vietnam War from 765th Trans Bn 1965 to 1973, interspersed with significant military events and 56th Trans Co augmented with a listing of US and FWF units arrival and depar- 330th Trans Co ture for each months. It is based on a chronology prepared for 339th Trans Co the Vietnam Combat Operations series of scenarios for The 611th Trans Co Operational Art of War III I've been working on for more than 101st ASA Co three years, completed with additional information obtained in Marine Unit Vietnam (CTU 79.3.5) primary source documents. It does not pretend to be a compre- Sub-Unit 2, MABS-16 hensive listing, data are scarcely available when dealing with HMM-365 South Vietnamese or Korean operations, for example. Co L, 3/9 Marines 2d Air Division Each operation is presented in the following format: 507th TCG 315th ACG (TC) Date Operation: name of the operation, when available 33d TG Location: population centers, landmarks, province. Type: type 34th TG of operation, when available. Controlling headquarters: when 23d ABG available.