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Unit the World of a Story Plot, Setting, and Mood unit The World of a Story 1 plot, setting, and mood • In Fiction • In Nonfiction • In Media • In Poetry 25 VA_L10PE-u01-uo.indd 25 3/28/11 8:43:38 AM unit Share What You Know 1 Which stories are WORTH reading? So many activities compete for your time and attention. You can spend your leisure time watching television, playing video games, or surfing the Internet. If you decide to invest your time reading a book, you want value for that investment. You want to be sure the story is worth reading, making you laugh, cry, or gasp in surprise. ACTIVITY Which stories made you glad you had read them? What qualities made these stories so good? Create a list of your criteria for a “great read.” Think about the following: • Do you care more about the characters or the events that happen to them? • Does suspense play a role in the stories you like? • Are there certain places you like to read about? • What emotions do you like to feel as you read? Find It Online! Go to thinkcentral.com for the interactive version of this unit. 26 VA_L10PE-u01-uo.indd 26 3/28/11 8:43:17 AM Virginia Standards of Learning Preview Unit Goals text • Analyze the author’s choices on ordering events in a text analysis • Analyze setting and its influence on mood and conflict • Analyze narrative techniques, including foreshadowing, irony, and suspense • Identify stages of plot and how characters advance the plot reading • Cite evidence to make inferences and draw conclusions writing and • Write an interpretive essay language • Support key points with evidence from the text • Use descriptive details and improve sentence flow vocabulary • Determine figurative and connotative meanings of words • Understand and use specialized/technical vocabulary • Use word roots to help determine meaning academic • affect • establish vocabulary • communicate • identify • definite speaking and • Present a response to a short story listening media • Analyze film techniques that create suspense literacy dvd-rom listening and Media from Apollo 13 Media Literacy: Creating Suspense on Film Film Clip on Media Smart dvd-rom Study In telling a suspenseful story, both writers and filmmakers aim to seize an audience’s attention, making it anxious to learn the ultimate outcome. Writers ratchet up the tension primarily through the words that form the complications speaking of the rising action or the vivid descriptions of characters’ struggles. Filmmakers Worthwhile Moments on Film deliver suspense through a careful combination of visual and sound techniques. How do directors keep viewers in suspense when the audience already What keeps you on the knows the real-life ending? The secret, according to film director Ron Howard, is “simply storytelling.” A director can use camera shots, editing, and music to tell EDGE of your seat? a well-known story and still raise the level of suspense. film techniues strategies for viewing Virginia Standards What type of movie do you prefer? Do you like the relentless tension of Learning created by nonstop action, or do you prefer the shock of a surprise Camera shots can build • Consider the effect of a close-up shot versus a long 10.2b Evaluate sources including advertisements, editorials, blogs, ending? The scene you are about to view re-creates the tense suspense by tracking the shot. The first conveys characters’ emotions or Discover how director Ron Howard re-creates web sites, and other media for moments that kept viewers glued to their television sets in 1970, emotions of characters as thoughts, while the second shows characters in relationships between intent, factual they face certain struggles. relation to their surroundings. Ask yourself: How content, and opinion. 10.2d Identify waiting to see if the real Apollo 13 crew would return home safely. the tools and techniques used to do close-up shots help viewers sympathize with achieve the intended focus. Background characters? • Watch for point-of-view shots, which show what Unlucky 13 Some people believe that the number 13 is unlucky, a character sees. These shots give viewers an but those at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration opportunity to experience what is happening from a (NASA) dismissed the superstitious belief. According to NASA, character’s point of view. the flight of Apollo 13 would be a routine mission. After all, Apollo the human drama and suspense of a real-life 11 and Apollo 12 had already landed on the moon. What could Suspenseful scenes can be • Notice how parallel editing, which is an editing possibly go wrong? The mission was to begin at 1:13 .. on April edited in a number of ways. technique that cuts from one shot to another, shows 11. In military time, that time is written as 13:13. Apollo 13 was Directors manipulate time, simultaneous action—often in different locations. supposed to orbit the moon on April 13. Instead, an explosion which can affect the flow Ask yourself: How do sudden shifts to different settings heighten the suspense? weakened the ship’s oxygen supply and battery life. The crew of a scene. and the world were about to weather a major crisis. • Be aware that suspenseful scenes often rely on a high-stakes deadline or a race against time. The Apollo 13 movie, based on the book Lost Moon by Directors manipulate time to create suspense or astronaut Jim Lovell with writer Jeffrey Kluger, recounts the increase viewers’ anticipation. They can shorten nerve-racking events of the actual mission. Director Ron Howard time, turning minutes to seconds, or they can extend crisis in space. Page 136. captures every detail of NASA’s race against time. it, stretching a moment to a nail-biting extreme. Music can be a key element • Consider how music signals major events. You can in a suspenseful scene. often predict when something good or bad is about It can signal dramatic to happen through musical cues. events, tense moments, or • Notice how your emotions change when music is triumphant resolutions. used. Ask yourself: What effect does the music have on me? 136 media study 137 VA_L10PE-u01-meApo.indd 136-137 3/11/11 1:16:23 AM 27 VA_L10PE-u01-uo.indd 27 29/03/11 3:50 PM unit 1 Text Plot, Setting, and Mood Analysis Every story transports you to a fictional world. You might be swept away by a love Workshop story set during the Civil War or mesmerized by a science fiction adventure that takes place on an uninhabited planet. No matter where and when they unfold, good stories allow you to experience times, places, and conflicts that are outside your everyday life. To understand why a story affects you as it does, you have to analyze the elements—plot, setting, and mood—that make up its world. Virginia Standards of Learning Part 1: Setting and Mood Included in this workshop: Almost every story happens in a particular time and place—for example, “long ago, 10.4 The student will read, comprehend, and analyze literary in a galaxy far, far away,” in a modern city, or during the Great Depression. The time texts of different cultures and and place of the story is its setting. Writers create setting through the following: eras. 10.4h Evaluate how an author’s specific word choices, • details that suggest the time of day, year, season, or historical period syntax, tone, and voice shape the intended meaning of the text, • descriptions of characters, clothing, buildings, weather, and landscapes achieve specific effects, and support the author’s purpose. Another element that contributes to the world of a story is the mood, the feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for readers. Whether it is mysterious or uplifting, a mood is developed through a writer’s use of imagery and choice of words and details. Setting details, in particular, help to establish a mood. In Jack London’s “To Build a Fire” (page 80), the setting creates a mysterious, tense mood. The bleak story takes place on a wilderness trail in the Yukon Territory, a region in far northwestern Canada. setting in Creates Tension Serves as a Symbol Can the man build a fire to TO BUILD A The man’s frozen warm his frozen limbs? He surroundings symbolize faces conflicts like this one death and the indifference of as he struggles to survive. FIRE nature to what people want. Influences Character Overconfident and inexperienced in the cold, Helps Create Mood the man learns a life-or- death lesson. The setting creates a mood of alienation and fear in the face of a natural world that is indifferent. 28 unit 1: plot, setting, and mood VA_L10PE-u01-law.indd 28 3/28/11 10:15:03 AM model: setting and mood At the beginning of the novel Ethan Frome, the narrator hears townspeople allude to a tragedy that ruined the life of the title character, Ethan. When a snowstorm hits the town, the narrator must spend the night at Ethan’s, where he finally hears the entire tragic story. This excerpt begins as the storm is approaching. from Novel by Edith Wharton . We set out for Starkfield with a good chance of getting there for supper. Close Read But at sunset the clouds gathered again, bringing an earlier night, and the snow 1. Where and when does began to fall straight and steadily from a sky without wind, in a soft universal this story takes place? diffusion more confusing than the gusts and eddies of the morning. It seemed Describe the setting as 5 to be a part of the thickening darkness, to be the winter night itself descending completely as you can.
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