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37131055385611D.Pdf OF THE • • llmlttlllttg~ ~ """Railway @I Q[aullba Connections FROM ATLANTIC TO PACIFIC '&Ieo markln. b,. RED NUMBERS the IIlu.fratiDn. In Rot.tlon In CANADA ILLUSTRATED WILLI4,.M :an,YCE, I'ublisher, 'l'oronto BRYCE'S TOURISTS' ILLUSTRATED HANDBOOK TO THE CANADIAN DOMINION. HISTORICAL DESCRIPTIVE FROM SEA TO SEA BY G. MERCER ADAM AUTHOR OF "THE CANADIAN NORTH· WEST: ITS HISTORY AND ITS TROUBLES;" "PICTURESQUE MUSKOKA," ETC., ETC., ETC. PUBLISHED BY "WILLIAM BRYCE TORONTO. I / Entered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada in the year one thousand eight hundred and eighty~cight by \VILLIAM BRYCE, in the office of the Minister of Agriculture. PRINTED BY C. BLACKETT ROllINSON. ,. Halifax, N. S. (frdm the Citadel). 20. Winter Scene, Niagara Falls. 41. Canmore, the Three Sisters. z. St.John, N. B. ~l. Niagara from Victoria Point. 42. Banff-C.P.R. Hotel. 3. Quebec. 22. City of Guelph. 43. Banff-The Pool, Hot Springs. 4. Point Levi (opposite Quebec). 23. Owen Sound. 44. Lethbridge Coal Mines, N. W. T. 5 .. Montreal, the St. Lawrence River and 24. C. P. R. Steamer (Owen Sound to 45. Natural Monuments, Rockies,N.. W.T.. Victoria Bridge. Port Arthur). 46. Kicking Horse Pass, looking east.. 6. Montreal, Grey Nunnery Chapel. ,25. C. P. R. Grain Elevator, Fort 'ViI- 47. Mount Stephen, Rockies. 7. Montreal, Place D'~rmes and the Iiam, Lake Superior. ~S. Second Mountain, Beaverfoot. Mountain. 26. Port Arthur (head of Lake Superior). 49. ,Vcst Side Monntain, Roger's Pass. S. Lachine Rapids; St. Lawrence Rivyr. 27. Kakabeka Falls (neor Port Arthur). 50. Glacier Range, from the summit of the 9. Winter Ice Palace. 28. Main Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba. Rockies. 10. Tobogganing. 29. Holy Trinity Church, Winnipeg. SI. Glacier Hotel and C. P. R. Station, II. Parliament Buildings, Ottawa. 30. City Hall, Winnipeg. 52. Kamloops (British Columhia.) ]2. Library, Parliament Buildings, Ottawa 31. Parliament Buildings, Winnipeg. 53. Cisco, C. P. R. Bridge. with Queen's Statue. 32. Rosser Avenue, Brandon, Manitoba. 5+. Fraser Canon, showing £ourtunnels.. '3. Lake of the Thousand Islands, near 33. Pacific Express arri ving at Brandon. 55. Suspension Bridge, Carihoo River. Kingston. 34. Grain Market, Brandon. 56. Yale (Briti~h Columbia). 14. I~ternational Bridge, Niagara Ri vcr. 35. Indian with Traverse on the Plains. 57. New Westminster, B. C. '5. Toronto. 36. N orth-\Vest Indian Chief. 58. Vancouver, n. C. 16. New Parliament Buildings, Toronto. 37. Squaw with Papoose on back and 59. Canadian Pacific Steamer unloading 17. Toronto Street and Post Office,Toronto. Tepee (wigwam). tea from China. 18. Niagara Falls, from Goat Island. 38. Regina, District of Assinihma. 60. Victoria, B. C., from the Government '9. Whirlpool Rapids and Suspension 39. Medicine Hat. Buildings. Bridge. 40. Calgary, on the C. P. R. 6,. Esquimalt Dry Dock, near Victoria. , .. , PAGE PAGlt Introductory ......................................... The Province of Ontario, and the Great Lakes ............. ".8 The Maritime Provinces ............ \ . .. ...... 6 By the" Great Lakes to the Far West ............. 3' IIalifax and the Nova Scotia Peninsula ..... :. From Port Arthur to Winnipeg ........... ....... Other Places of Interest in Nova Scotia . .. 9 Winnipeg, the Capital of the Prairie Province ..•... fO "\Vindsor, Grand Pre and Annapolis Royal 10 The Province of Manitoba and its Resources St. John, Fredericton, and a Run Throu6"h New Brunswick II Over the Prairies to the Rockics- The Bay of Chaleur and the Lower St. Lawrence ..•....••• 14 r. Winnipeg to Regina, the Capital of the North- Qllebec, the Capital of the French Province. • . • • • . 16 West Territories ................... 44 Montrea~, the "Commercial" Capital of the Dominion .... IS 2. Regina to the Mountain Limits of the North- Ottawa, the Political Capital of the DominiO>l.... .... .. .. 20 West Territories .................. .. The Thousand Islands, and" Running the Rapids" o£ the On "The Backbone of the Continent" ............. St. Lawrence ................. ........................ 21 British Col urn bia an d its Resources ......... The Falls of Niagara ............................ 24 Through the Fraser Canyons to the Coast .. Toronto, the Ontario Metropol.is .. HALIFAX N,S(FROM THE CITADEL! CANADA: HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE) FROM SEA TO SEA, By G. MERCER ADAM. Canada Ot to-day, over whose wide-spread brought within her wide embrace the vigorous colonies domain, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, the and contiguous Provinces on either sea, with the limit­ patriot eye glances with pride, is a theme so less stretches and Nature's boundless resources that vast and one which recalls (especially if the lie between. 'When the first Stuart King issued his tourist has the historic memory) so much of interest charter which gave the English rights in Acadia, and in the drama of the past that the descriptive writer his successor created the Order of Knights Baronets of may well feel embarrassed in the choice of material for Nova Scotia, the whole continent was a wilderness. even a brief sketch of the main features of the country, Bit by bit it has been reclaimed from the desolation as he passes rapidly over the ground from sea to sea. of solitude, until what was once a veritable terra incog­ Here, on those rich Atlantic shores, from which the nita is now" a well-kenn'd land." Not without toil, iron highway sets forth to span a continent, the his­ we maybe sure, has t his transformation been effected; torical student will recall the founding, amid its then but if the toil has been spent there is much to show rude environment, of De Monts' little Huguenot colony for the expenditure. Nor is the heritage unworthy of on the Bay of Fundy. It lacks but a decade-and-a-half the toiler. The Dominion of Canada has a territorial of being three hundred years since then, yet within possession out of which the Old World would form a that space of time how vast has been the change! score of kingdoms. It has an area, roughly speaking, How vast even has been the change since Canada, of three-and-a-half million square miles, not including which, as a group of confederated Provinces, has the area covered );,y the great lakes. In the chief lakes just attained her majority, entered Confederation and of the St. Lawrence basin alone, you could put under 6 CAN ADA: FROM SEA TO SEA. water the whole of England, Scotland, and Wales; Crown set little store by its Acadian possessions, until while forty such kingdoms, pieced together, would not the establishment of the English in Virginia and their cover the entire area of the Dominion. Only by such extension northward ,brought them into collision with meagre comparisons can one endeavour to form a con­ the French colonist. The flames of enmity, once kin­ ception of the vastness of the country. Of its natural dled, continued intermittently to blaze and smoulder resources no adequate conception can be woll given. for a century-and-a.-half, until the fall of Quebec and the final retirement of the French from the continent. The erst direct collision between the two nations -in THE MARITIME PROVINCES. A~adia was Argall's expedition from Virginia, which ANY were the encounters of which what we captured the Fort and destroyed the French settle­ now call the Maritime Provinces were the ment at Port Royal. This occurred in r6r8. Then witness, in the long conflict between the two came the expedition against the same beautiful land­ great European nations that for a hundred locked basin and frowning fort, sent out by Cromwell, and fifty years strove for mastery in the New World. followed by the Phipp's expedition from New England, In the Acadian wars, not only Port Royal (Annapolis), its reinvestment and recapture in the time of Qneen Halifax, Louisburg, St. John, and other towns and Anne, when its name was changed to Annapolis; after cities of the Maritime Provinces are identified with which Louisburg, with its extensive fortifications, be. the long struggle between the two races; but much of came the scene of conflict and the grim test of British the coast line, from Prince Ed ward Island, round Cape and colonial prowess. On the fortress of Louisburg, Breton and the Nova Scotia peninsula, and up b')th the" Dunkirk of America," as it was proudly called, shores of the Bay of Fundy, has its historic sites the French expended thirty million livres, only to see and landmarks, which preserve the traditions of the it fall with frightful carnage, first, before the assault years of international strife. In this respect, the old of Colonel Peperall's colonial levies, aided by the Province of Acadia possesses greater historic interest British fleet; then, and finally, before Admiral Bos· than does any other part of the continent, if, perhaps, Gawen's armada, assisted by the invincible brigades we except Quebec, that" great red rock," which was of GeneralWolfe's command, who were soon to termi­ long the seat and refuge of the forlorn French colony nate, on the Heights of Abraham, French dominion in the St. Lawre~ce. It would seem as if the French ir. North America. 2 . ST JOHN N.B CANADA: FROM SEA TO SEA. 7 As an incident of this struggle of races in Acadia, us how rich is the field for a native literature in Can­ we have that most pitiful historical pendant, the Ex­ ada. Take this whole Acadian country, steeped as it pulsion of the French Neutrals, with their belongings, is in the romantic and picturesque, with its couple of from the beautiful Basin of Minas and the land cele­ centuries of history and tradition, with its grand sea­ brated in Longfellow's Evangeline. Stern was the shore views and blue land-locked bays, its beautiful necessity for this banishment of the Acadians from rivers and fertile vales, its noble forests and mines the reclaimed lands of Grand Pre; but tragic as is rich in every mineral, its great sea-pastures teeming the story, it is well to remember that the narrative with fish, and a people busy, thrifty, energetic and embodied in the poet's romance is not to be taken enlightened~and say that there is no field here for the for history.
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