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Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Exchange / Seattle Public Library Queen Anne Warehouse 1529 4Th Avenue West, Seattle Landmark
Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Exchange / Seattle Public Library Queen Anne Warehouse 1529 4th Avenue West, Seattle Landmark Nomination BOLA Architecture + Planning Seattle December 21, 2015 Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Exchange / Seattle Public Library Queen Anne Warehouse Landmark Nomination 1529 4th Avenue W, Seattle December 21, 2015 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1 Background Research Seattle’s Landmark Designation Process Preservation Incentives Design Reviews of Proposed Changes to a Landmark 2. Property Data 4 3. Historic Context Statement 5 Historic Overview of Queen Anne Hill The Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company in Seattle The Building’s Construction History The Original Designers The Role of Women as Switchboard Operators 4. Architectural Description 12 Neighborhood Context The Site The Structure and Exterior Facades Interior Layout and Features Changes to the Original Building 5. Bibliography and Resources 18 6. Photographs and Images 23 Figure Index Images Select Drawings Cover: Views looking southwest at the building: Museum of Communications, 1923; King County Tax Assessor’s Property Record Card, 1936; Contemporary, BOLA, July 2015. BOLA Architecture + Planning 159 Western Avenue West, Suite 486 Seattle, Washington 98119 206.447.4749 Name (common, present, or historic): The Pacific Telegraph and Telephone Garfield Exchange / Seattle Public Library Queen Anne Warehouse Year built: 1921-1922, 1929 (remodeled in 1950 and 1961); 1977 (Renovation) Street and number: 1529 4th Avenue West, Seattle WA 98119 Assessor's file no.: 423290-3170 -
The Panel Dial Telephone Switching System Douglas A. Kerr Issue 6 June 15, 2018
The panel dial telephone switching system Douglas A. Kerr Issue 6 June 15, 2018 ABSTRACT In the 1910s, AT&T, the parent of the Bell Telephone System, anxious to reduce the stupendous labor costs of manual telephone switching (especially in large metropolitan areas), and realizing that the most prominent available switching system (the Strowger system) had serious limitations of its use in such areas, undertook the development from the ground up of a switching system based on many entirely new concepts. This system, the panel dial switching system, came to be the mainstay of the Bell System’s program of mechanizing telephone service in many of the largest cities in the U.S. In this article, we will learn of the evolution of this system, of the unique mechanisms around which it revolves, and of the implications of its basic operational principle, known as common control. Considerable detail in system operation is given, although not usually at the circuit level, except where necessary to illustrate an important concept. 1 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 1.1 The telephone industry in 1910 By 1910, the telephone industry in the United States was well on the way to its “classical” structure, which existed until about 1984. The Bell Telephone System, owned by American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), was becoming the major force in the industry, and provided local telephone service in most of the nation’s largest cities (often after acquiring existing locally-owned telephone companies, sometime several competing ones in the same city, whose operations had to be harmonized and consolidated). In about 1907, AT&T adopted the slogan, “One Policy, One System, Universal Service”. -
Innovation Is in Ourdna Letter from Our Contents Page 12 Our Editor Features
Magazine for the Science & Technology Innovation Center in Middletown, NJ • Premier Edition Honoring the Past, Creating the Future Innovation is in ourDNA Letter from Our Contents page 12 our Editor Features 2 The History of AT&T 94 Data Transmssion — Fax Welcome to our Science & Technology Innovation Center of Middletown, New Jersey magazine premier edition. The new Innovation Center is a place 12 The Transistor 100 Cellular Phones of inspiration and learning from the history of AT&T and significant inventions that our company has created over the past 142+ years that contribute to 13 Bell Solar Cell 104 Project AirGig™ the advancement of humanity. Over my years at AT&T, I have spoken to many The Telstar Project Our Contributors people who never knew that AT&T had a history of innovation in so many 16 109 areas beyond the creation of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell. Coax Cable 24 Throughout the years, AT&T has been a key player in local and long-distance 30 Fiber Optics in the AT&T Network voice telephony, motion pictures, computers, the cable industry, wireless, and Science & Technology broadband. AT&T has served the nation’s telecommunication needs and par- 34 Vitaphone and Western Electric ticipated in many technology partnerships in every industry throughout the globe. The breadth of technology and innovation goes on and on, but a 44 Picturephone Irwin Gerszberg few of the innovations you might see at our new Innovation Center include: Innovation ground-to-air radio telephony, motion picture sound, the Telstar satellite, Theseus Honoring the Past, Creating the Future AVP Advanced Technology Research 48 telephone switching, the facsimile machine, military radar systems, the AT&T Science & Technology transistor, undersea cable, fiber communications, Picturephone via T1’s, coin 50 A Short History of UNIX™ EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Innovation Center phones, touch-tone dialing, AMPS cellular phones, UNIX™ and C language Irwin Gerszberg programming. -
Chapter 7 Relays and Switches
Chapter 7 Relays and Switches As the Bell System moved from manual to automatic switching, relay tech nology played a key role in logic, memory, and switching functions previously performed by human operators. Research and development efforts focused on reliable and inexpensive relays and switches to handle the demands of the rapidly growing telephone system. The number of contacts per relay was in creased to permit more complex functions, while the final assembly was simplified through the use of premolded subassemblies. Sealed enclosures improved the quality of relay contacts. As semiconductor devices started to perform the logic functions, there was a demand for miniature relays compatible with the physical design of semiconductor electronics. In other developments, crossbar switches replaced panel and step-by-step switches, and later the ferreed switch was designed to provide the switching path in electronic switching systems. I. INTRODUCTION In 1925, the Bell System was serving about 12 million telephones. Manual switching was still dominant, although automatic switching was being introduced. Two types of automatic systems had been developed in which the talking path was established by special switches: step-by-step and panel switching systems. In addition to these switches, general-purpose relays were required to perform various peripheral logic functions. The development of these systems is described in the companion volume The Early Years (1875-1925).Another companion volume, Switching Tech nology (1925-1975),covers the system developments after 1925, while this chapter covers the relays and talking path switches for these systems. As of 1925, Western Electric was manufacturing about 3 million relays per year. -
Telecomwriting.Com's Telephone History Series
privateline.com's Telephone History Series by Tom Farley 215 19th Street West Sacramento, California 95691 USA http://www.privateline.com http://www.privateline.tv [email protected] [email protected] Compilation and .pdf formatting by Dave Mock http://www.geocities.com/dmock_1/ [email protected] Privateline.com's Telephone History Series by Tom Farley http://www.privateline.com Private Line's Telephone History Part 1 -- to 1830 "We picture inventors as heroes with the Intrigue aside for now, the story of the genius to recognize and solve a society's telephone is the story of invention itself. problems. In reality, the greatest inventors have been tinkerers who loved tinkering for its Bell developed new and original ideas but own sake and who then had to figure out what, did so by building on older ideas and if anything, their devices might be good for." developments. Bell succeeded specifically Jared Diamond because he understood acoustics, the study of sound, and something about electricity. I. Introduction II. Early Telephone Development III. The Other inventors knew electricity well but Inventors: Gray and Bell little of acoustics. The telephone is a shared accomplishment among many pioneers, therefore, although the credit and I. Introduction rewards were not shared equally. That, too, is often the story of invention. Telephone comes from the Greek word " . an inspired black- haired Scotsman of tele, meaning from afar, and phone, twenty eight, on the meaning voice or voiced sound. Generally, eve of marriage, a telephone is any device which conveys vibrant and alive to sound over a distance. A string telephone, new ideas." Alexander a megaphone, or a speaking tube might be Graham Bell : The Life and Times of the Man considered telephonic instruments but for Who Invented the our purposes they are not telephones. -
Meridian 1 X 11
Meridian 1 X 11 Data Features si-1 Meridian Data Services Description Publication number: 553-2731-100 Product release: Xl 1 release 19 Document release: 3.0 Document status: Standard Date: August 1, 1993 1980 Northern Telecom All rights reserved. Meridian Data Services description 553-2731-l 00 ii Revision history August Standard, release Reissued for compliance with Northern Telecom standard 164.0. December This document is reissued to include updates for X 11 release 18. Due to the extent of the changes, revision bars are ommited. August Standard. release 3 Reissued to include changes for X 11 release 19. Meridian Data Services description 553-2731-l 00 iii Contents General information ........................ 1 References .............................................. 1 Introduction ............................... 3 Basic data call configuration ................................ 3 Automated Modem Pooling .............................. 4 Capabilities .............................................. Hardware ............................................. 11 Equipment description ...................... 13 Add-On Data Module ................................... QMT7 ADM .......................................... 14 User controls. indicators and settings ....................... 16 Configurations ......................................... Operating Distances ..................................... 17 Miscellaneous ......................................... 17 SADM ......................................... 22 QMT12 ADM ........................................ -
Telephone Set Transmitter
The subscriber telephone set consists of the following parts: 1. Microphone 2. Receiver 3. Switch connections to the telephone system 4. Ringing circuitry 5. Dial network The instrument, which contains the microphone and the receiver, is called handset. The handset is placed on the cradle when the telephone is not in use. In this position it opens the switches and disconnects the handset from the telephone system. An electromagnet, called the ringer is connected to the telephone line on the exchange side, so that a ring can be received from the exchange when it is called. The exchange determines that whether the telephone is idle or busy or initiating a call by monitoring the dc current. A simplified circuit and Block diagram of the telephone set is shown in the figure. Circuit diagram of subscriber's telephone set Telephone Set Transmitter Microphone in telephony is regarded as transmitter. It is a transducer, which converts sound energy into electrical energy. There are different types of transmitters but carbon granules transmitter is the most widely used in the handset of the modern telephony. We will discuss the carbon granule transmitter only. It is based on the principle that the resistance of carbon granules is inversely proportional to pressure. The constructional details of the carbon transmitter, is illustrated in the figure. It is the property of carbon that its resistance varies with pressure. The carbon transmitter does not produce any e.m.f. but only change its resistance with the changing pressure. Carbon granules are placed between two electrodes in an insulated chamber. -
A Message from Our Director
www.telcomhistory.org (303) 296‐1221 Spring 2020, Vol. 25, no.1 Jody Georgeson, editor A Message from Our Director As I write this, our facilities are closed to guard against the spread of the COVID-19 virus We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause, but know you’ll agree that the continued good health of our communities is of the utmost importance. We have sad news: our founder Herb Hackenburg passed away on March 2, 2020. Thirty years ago, he saved historical company documents that were being thrown away and started The Telecommunications History Group. He was a wonderful storyteller and enjoyed talking to many different groups, telling of events and people in the telecommunications industry. He wrote the history of Mountain Bell, “Muttering Machines to Laser Beams,” which ensured his place in the history of the industry. We plan to keep his legacy alive through our work at THG. He was a great guy and we miss him. Warm regards, Renee Lang Acting Executive Director A Letter from the THG Board President March 19, 2020 As I write this I have been officially serving as the Telecommunications History Group’s president for just two days, since our board meeting of March 17. To begin, I want to personally thank Jack Shea for his more-than-a-decade of dedicated service as THG's previous president. Jack joined the board in 2007 and was elevated to the president position in 2008. He has provided a steady hand of leadership ever since, and while I understand Jack's decision to retire from the board to focus on his other activities, I will miss my interactions with him. -
A Patent Citation Network Analysis of Telecommunication Switches
The dynamics of technological discontinuities : a patent citation network analysis of telecommunication switches Citation for published version (APA): Martinelli, A. (2010). The dynamics of technological discontinuities : a patent citation network analysis of telecommunication switches. Technische Universiteit Eindhoven. https://doi.org/10.6100/IR675978 DOI: 10.6100/IR675978 Document status and date: Published: 01/01/2010 Document Version: Publisher’s PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication: • A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. -
Near East University Faculty of Engineering
NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering REMOTE CONTROL-OVER TELEPHONE LINE Graduation Project EE-400 Student: Omar Dahan (20001101) Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Kadri Bürüncük Nicosia - 2004 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST GRACIOUS, MOST MERCIFUL. Firstly I wish to express my deep appreciation to my God how stood beside me all the time and how supported me in all my achievements and who has given me the power and patience to finish my college studies successfully. Secondly I offer special thanks to my parents, who encouraged me in every field of life and try to help whenever I needed. They enhanced my confidence in myself and they trust in my behavior. I am also grateful to my father who supported me and my mother whose prayers to accomplish every stage in my study journey and reach this point of education. I would like to present my special appreciation to my supervisor Assist. Prof Dr. Kadri Buruncuk for his help, advises, comments and effort in preparation for this project. His trust in my work and me. His friendly behavior with me and his words of encouragement kept me doing my project. Last but not least Iwould thank Mohannad Yasin, Mohammad Al-jahraw and Yaza Al• kilani for their contribution to achieve this project. Also I will never forget my wonderful times that I spent in Cyprus and Near East University with my good .friends who helped me incorporeally during my studying in college. This project is dedicated to Palestine. '" ABSTRACT The remote control over -
™ CONVERSANT® System Network Adjunct Platform (NAP) 3.0 with Worldshare NAP (WSN) 1.1 Operation, Administration, and Maintenance
INTUITY™ CONVERSANT® System Network Adjunct Platform (NAP) 3.0 with WorldSHARE NAP (WSN) 1.1 Operation, Administration, and Maintenance 585-350-504 Comcode 108113697 Issue 1 November 1997 Copyright 1997, Lucent Technologies Trademarks All Rights Reserved 3M is a registered trademark of 3M Corporation. Printed in U.S.A. 4ESS is a trademark of Lucent Technologies. 5ESS is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies. Notice BusLogic is a registered trademark of BusLogic, Inc. Every effort was made to ensure that the information in this book was Communicore wideband switch is a trademark of Lucent complete and accurate at the time of printing. However, information Technologies. is subject to change. CompuLert is a registered trademark of Tone Software Corporation. CONVERSANT is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies. Your Responsibility for Your System’s Security Datakit is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies. Toll fraud is the unauthorized use of your telecommunications system DEFINITY is a registered trademark of Lucent in the U.S. and by an unauthorized party, for example, persons other than your com- throughout the world. pany’s employees, agents, subcontractors, or persons working on your ESS is a trademark of Lucent Technologies. company’s behalf. Note that there may be a risk of toll fraud associ- IBM is a registered trademark of IBM Corporation. ated with your telecommunications system and, if toll fraud occurs, it INTUITY is a trademark of Lucent Technologies. can result in substantial additional charges for your telecommunica- Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. tions services. LattisHub is a trademark of SynOptics Communications, Inc. -
School of Science and Technology
School of Science and Technology Assignment: Search On Western Electric / AT&T Technologies / Lucent Systems Resource Person: Mr. Khalid Asghar Coarse title and Code: Telecom Switching and Transmission Section: A Submitted By: M Junaid University ID No: 091420310 Date/Day of Submission: Monday 07-10-2013 ***-----------***------------*** Introduction of Western Electric: Western Electric Company was an American electrical engineering and manufacturing company, the supplier to AT&T from 1881 to 1995. It was the scene of a number of technological innovations and also some seminal developments in industrial management. It also served as the purchasing agent for the member companies of the Bell System. Technical Innovations: The year 1936 brought the introduction of the Model 302 telephone, the first Western Electric instrument that combined the desktop telephone mount with the subscriber set and ringer in one unit. The design was conceived by the engineering firm of industrial designer Henry Dreyfuss. and it was the mainstay of American telephone service until 1949, when it was followed by the Model 500 telephone, which would become the most extensively produced telephone model in the industry's history. It was continually updated over time, reflecting new materials and manufacturing processes, such as quieter and smoother dial gearing and a printed circuit board for the network electronics. The Model 500 was discontinued in 1986, in favor of a Touch-Tone version, Model 2500, that employed in-band signaling of the dialed digits, using Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF). DTMF was generally referred to by the trademarked name, Touch-Tone. Other innovations included the Princess telephones of the 1950s and Trimline telephones of the 1960s, and the development of Touch-Tone dialing as a replacement for rotary dialing.