DOCSLIB.ORG

The Basic Concept to Study Morphometric Analysis of River Drainage Basin: a Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Basic Concept to Study Morphometric Analysis of River Drainage Basin: a Review International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438 The Basic Concept to Study Morphometric Analysis of River Drainage Basin: A Review Mangesh Deepak Kulkarni Rajaram College, Department of Geology, Kolhapur, India Abstract: Morphometry is the measurement and mathematical evaluation of earth’s surface, form and the dimension of the landforms. The morphometric analysis of the drainage basin and channel network plays a significant role in comprehension of the geo- hydrological nature of drainage basin and expresses the prevailing climate, geological setting, geomorphology and structural antecedents of the catchment area. A quantitative evaluation of drainage system is significant aspect of drainage basin. Keywords: Morphometry, drainage basin, drainage system. 1. Introduction a) Stream Order The primary step in drainage basin analysis is to designate Geomorphology is the science of origin and evolution of order. Herein, the number of streams gradually decreases topographic features or attributes caused by physical and with increase in stream order. Strahler (1964) noted that the chemical processes operating at or near the earth surface. number of for the stream segment of any given order will be Geomorphology determines the variation in earth‟s surface fewer than for the next lower order but more numerous than from past to present and its causative factors. Whereas, the for the next higher order [14]. The fluctuation in the number term Morphology is a science and measurement of forms or of stream order is aftermath of variation in the physiographic structures which is quantitative determination of landform conditions. When Faisal Zaidi carried out work in drainage [1], [2].The term „Morphometry‟ literally means basin morphometry wherein he distinctly observed that measurement of forms introducing quantitative description mature topography is figured by the less number of streams for landform [2]. The most dominant geomorphic systems of in a given basin whereas presence of large number of streams earth‟s surface are rivers and fluvial processes which leads to manifests the topography is still undergoing the erosion [15], morphometric changes in drainage basin or the watershed. [16]. Wherein, rivers are generally controlled by geological nature of basin and its platform which equally influences on channel b) Stream Number slope and demonstrates erosional and depositional signs of The count of stream channel in given order is termed as the river [3]. Morphometric analysis is the measurement and stream number. Horton‟s law states that “ the number of mathematical evaluation of the earth‟s surface, shape and streams of different orders in a given basin tends closely to dimension of its landform (Clarke 1996; Agrwal 1998; Obi approximate as inverse geometric series of which the first Reddy et al. 2002) [4], [5], [6], [7]. River drainage term is unity and the ratio is the bifurcation ratio” [2]. The morphometry plays vital role in comprehension of soil stream frequency is inversely proportional to stream order physical properties, land processes and erosional features. and stream number is directly proportional to size of contributing basin and to the channel dimension. Higher the Drainage line of any basin area illustrates existing three stream number indicates lesser permeability and infilteration. dimensional geometry of region but assists for understanding It leads to inference that several stream usually upsurges in its evolution processes [5]. The streams arrangement in geometric progression as stream order increases. The drainage system leads to the drainage pattern that variation in rock structure in the basin are responsible for successively reflects structural and lithological controls of disparity in steam frequencies of each other. underlying rocks. More precisely, widely acknowledge principle of morphometry is the drainage basin morphology c) Stream Length renders varied geological and geomorphological processes Stream length is the total length of stream segment of each over time, as studied by illustrious peoples (Hurton 1945; of the consecutive order in the basin tends approximate a Strahler 1952; Muller 1968; Shreve 1969; Evans 1972, 1984; direct geometric series in which the first term is the average Chorley et al. 1984; Merritts and Vincent 1989; Ohomori length of the first order. It‟s the quantification of 1993; Cox 1994; Oguchi 1997; Burrough and Mcdonnell hydrological characteristics of bedrock and the drainage 1998; Hurtrez et al. 1999) [2], [5], [8], [9], [10]. extent. When bedrock is of permeable character then only subtle number of relatively longer streams are formed in a The morphometric examination of the basin is achieved well drained basin area. On the other hand, when the bed through computation linear, aerial relief and gradient of rock is less permeable then large number of smaller length of channel network and contributing ground slope basin. [11], streams in the basin are produced. [12], [13]. Volume 4 Issue 7, July 2015 www.ijsr.net Paper ID: 24071501 Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 2277 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438 d) Bifurcation Ratio depends upon several natural aspects or strands such as Horton (1945) considered bifurcation ratio as an index of climate, vegetation type and density, rock and soil type relief and dissection. According to Strahler (1957), infilteration capacity, relief and stage of development [20]. bifurcation ratio exhibit subtle fluctuation for different region Low drainage density leads to coarse drainage texture while with varied environment except where powerful geological high drainage density leverages fine drainage texturewhich is control dominates [10]. According to Schumm (1956), dependant of infilteration capacity of mantle rock or bed bifurcation ratio is the ratio of number of stream segment of rock. given order to the number of segment in the next order, it is dimensionless property and indicates the degree of i) Stream Frequency integration prevailing between streams of various orders in Stream frequency is sum of all stream segment of all orders drainage basin [17]. Strahler significantly marked that per unit area (Horton, 1932). Basically it depends upon the geological structures do not affect drainage pattern for basin lithology and indicates distinctly texture of the drainage bifurcation ratio is in between 3.0 to 5.0. When bifurcation network. Stream frequency is density serves as a tool in ratio is low, there will be high possibilities of flooding as initiating erosional processes operating over an area; more water will tend to accumulate rather than spreading out [15]. precisely, in relation to stream orders and their characteristics The human intervention plays important role to reduce provides data that elucidate the succession of relief bifurcation ratio which in turn augment the risk of flooding development and degree of ruggedness in area [5]. It also within the basin, this was noted significantly by [15]. acts as index of various stages of landscape evolution. The influencing strands are rock structure, infilteration capacity, e) Mean Stream Length vegetation cover, relief nature, and amount of rainfall and Mean stream length reveals the size of component of subsurface material permeability. Hence, the low value of drainage network and its contributing surface [14]. It‟s stream frequency exhibits presence of a permeable directly proportional to the size and topography of drainage subsurface material. basin j) Relief Ratio f) Stream Length Ratio In accordance to Schumm (1956), the maximum relief to the Horton‟s law of stream length states that mean stream length horizontal distance along the largest dimension of the basin segment of each of the consecutive of a basin tends to parallel to the principal drainage line is termed as relief ratio. approximate a direct geometric series with stream increasing It computes overall steepness of the drainage basin. Relief towards higher order of stream. The stream length ratio has ratio is an indication of the intensity of erosional process important relevance with surface flow and discharge and operating on slope of the basin [17]. erosion stage of the basic [2], [18]. On the basis of work carried out by Shumm (1963), it is g) Drainage Density dimensionless height-length ratio equal to the tangent of Drainage density is the computation of the total stream length angle formed by two planes cross at the mouth of the basin, in a given basin area to the total area of the basin [14]. The one exhibit the horizontal and the other passes through the measurement of drainage density is a useful numerical highest point of the basin [21]. When the basement rock of measure of landscape direction and runoff potential. It relates the basin is resistance and low degree of slope heralds or give to the various aspect of landscape dissection such as valley rise to low value of relief ratio [20]. Relief ratio is inversely density channel head source are climate and vegetation soil proportional to the drainage area and the size of given and rock properties relief and landscape evolution processes drainage [22]. [16], [19]. Strahler (1964) distinctly observed that drainage density is directly proportional to basin relief. A high k) Elongation Ratio drainage density indicates weak basin and impermeable Elongation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Multivariate Geomorphometric Approach to Prioritize Erosion-Prone Watersheds
    sustainability Article A Multivariate Geomorphometric Approach to Prioritize Erosion-Prone Watersheds Jesús A. Prieto-Amparán 1, Alfredo Pinedo-Alvarez 1 , Griselda Vázquez-Quintero 2, María C. Valles-Aragón 2 , Argelia E. Rascón-Ramos 1, Martin Martinez-Salvador 1 and Federico Villarreal-Guerrero 1,* 1 Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31453, Mexico; [email protected] (J.A.P.-A.); [email protected] (A.P.-A.); [email protected] (A.E.R.-R.); [email protected] (M.M.-S.) 2 Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31350, Mexico; [email protected] (G.V.-Q.); [email protected] (M.C.V.-A.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +52-(614)-434-1448 Received: 15 August 2019; Accepted: 15 September 2019; Published: 19 September 2019 Abstract: Soil erosion is considered one of the main degradation processes in ecosystems located in developing countries. In northern Mexico, one of the most important hydrological regions is the Conchos River Basin (CRB) due to its utilization as a runoff source. However, the CRB is subjected to significant erosion processes due to natural and anthropogenic causes. Thus, classifying the CRB’s watersheds based on their erosion susceptibility is of great importance. This study classified and then prioritized the 31 watersheds composing the CRB. For that, multivariate techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), group analysis (GA), and the ranking methodology known as compound parameter (Cp) were used. After a correlation analysis, the values of 26 from 33 geomorphometric parameters estimated from each watershed served for the evaluation. The PCA defined linear-type parameters as the main source of variability among the watersheds.
    [Show full text]
  • Drainage Basin Morphology in the Central Coast Range of Oregon
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF WENDY ADAMS NIEM for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in GEOGRAPHY presented on July 21, 1976 Title: DRAINAGE BASIN MORPHOLOGY IN THE CENTRAL COAST RANGE OF OREGON Abstract approved: Redacted for privacy Dr. James F. Lahey / The four major streams of the central Coast Range of Oregon are: the westward-flowing Siletz and Yaquina Rivers and the eastward-flowing Luckiamute and Marys Rivers. These fifth- and sixth-order streams conform to the laws of drain- age composition of R. E. Horton. The drainage densities and texture ratios calculated for these streams indicate coarse to medium texture compa- rable to basins in the Carboniferous sandstones of the Appalachian Plateau in Pennsylvania. Little variation in the values of these parameters occurs between basins on igneous rook and basins on sedimentary rock. The length of overland flow ranges from approximately i mile to i mile. Two thousand eight hundred twenty-five to 6,140 square feet are necessary to support one foot of channel in the central Coast Range. Maximum elevation in the area is 4,097 feet at Marys Peak which is the highest point in the Oregon Coast Range. The average elevation of summits in the thesis area is ap- proximately 1500 feet. The calculated relief ratios for the Siletz, Yaquina, Marys, and Luckiamute Rivers are compara- ble to relief ratios of streams on the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains and on the Appalachian Piedmont. Coast Range streams respond quickly to increased rain- fall, and runoff is rapid. The Siletz has the largest an- nual discharge and the highest sustained discharge during the dry summer months.
    [Show full text]
  • Stream Turbidity Modeling: a Foundation for Water Quality Forecasting
    STREAM TURBIDITY MODELING: A FOUNDATION FOR WATER QUALITY FORECASTING By Amanda L. Mather A DISSERTATION Presented to the Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems and the Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science and Engineering May 2015 School of Medicine Oregon Health & Science University CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL This is to certify that the PhD dissertation of Amanda L. Mather has been approved ______________________________________ Richard L. Johnson, PhD Research Advisor ______________________________________ Joseph A. Needoba, PhD Examination Committee Chair ______________________________________ Karen H. Watanabe, PhD Examination Committee Member ______________________________________ Paul G. Tratnyek, PhD Examination Committee Member ______________________________________ Anthony J. (Jim) Tesoriero, PhD U.S. Geological Survey External Examination Committee Member TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. iv LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................ x ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Estimating Sediment Delivery Ratio by Stream Slope and Relief Ratio
    MATEC Web of Conferences 192, 02040 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819202040 ICEAST 2018 Estimating sediment delivery ratio by stream slope and relief ratio Kieu Anh Nguyen1 and Walter Chen1,* 1Department of Civil Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan Abstract. Nowadays, the storage capacity of a reservoir reduced by sediment deposition is a concern of many countries in the world. Therefore, understanding the soil erosion and transportation process is a significant matter, which helps to manage and prevent sediments entering the reservoir. The main objective of this study is to examine the sediments reaching the outlet of a basin by empirical sediment delivery ratio (SDR) equations and the gross soil erosion. The Shihmen reservoir watershed is used as the study area. Because steep terrain is a characteristic feature of the study area, two SDR models that depend on the slope of the mainstream channel and the relief-length ratio of the watershed are chosen. It is found that the Maner (1958) model, which uses the relief-length ratio, is the better model of the two. We believe that this empirical research improves our understanding of the sediment delivery process occurring in the study area. 1 Introduction Hsinchu County (Fig. 1). The watershed is mostly covered by forest with an area of 759.53 km2, and the elevation In recent years, soil erosion has become one of the most ranges from 220 m to 3527 m. serious environmental issues in the world due to climate Shihmen reservoir watershed receives an average of change. The determination of the amount of loose 2200 mm to 2800 mm of precipitation annually, delivered sediments in an area such as a watershed is an important by typhoons and rainstorms typically from May to August first step to understand the problem.
    [Show full text]
  • Remote Sensing and GIS Based Extensive Morphotectonic Analysis of Tapti River Basin, Peninsular India Shubhendu Shekhar*1, Y.K
    Volume 65, Issue 3, 2021 Journal of Scientific Research Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Remote Sensing and GIS Based Extensive Morphotectonic Analysis of Tapti River Basin, Peninsular India Shubhendu Shekhar*1, Y.K. Mawale2, P. M. Giri2, R. S. Jaipurkar3, and Neelratan Singh4 1Department of Geology, Center for Advanced Studies, University of Delhi, India. [email protected]* 2Department of Geology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, India. [email protected], [email protected] 3Administrative Building, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, India. [email protected] 4Geochronology Group, Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi. India. [email protected] Abstract: The present study on Morphotectonics of the Tapti basin susceptible parameter which controls the river courses (Miller, using remote sensing (RS) data and Geographic Information 1953; Altaf et al. 2013). The formations of landforms are the System (GIS) technique is an important input in deciphering the manifestation of the controls of tectonics which are lead by the association between drainage morphometry and tectonics of the processes of weathering and erosion (Singh and Singh, 2011; area. The basic structural elements like the established faults and Thomas et al. 2012). other linear features of the study area were identified on the digitally processed remote sensing data and drainage pattern/morphometry Remote Sensing technology is an important input in was derived from the available Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, deciphering the relationship between drainage morphometry and Digital Elevation Model (SRTM DEM) (90m) data. The various tectonics of the area (Altaf et al. 2013). GIS techniques provide morphometric characters of the Tapti river basin were studied in an analytical tool for quantitative analysis in such studies (Cholke, detail.
    [Show full text]
  • Fluvial Geomorphology Analysis of the Kiamichi River, Oklahoma
    W 2800.7 F293 no. T-l9-P-l 6/04-6/06 c.l FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS OF THE KIAMICIll RIVER, OKLAHOMA OKLAHOMA DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION' JUNE 1,2004 through JUNE 30, 2006 A comprehensive geomorphic analysis of the Kiamichi River, Oklahoma was conducted to characterize the current landscape, fluvial geomorphic condition, flow and sediment regimes, and to identify potential impacts from the impoundment of the Jackfork Creek tributary to the morphological form and function of the river. The Kiamichi River channel has changed little over the last 25 years. It was classified as a Rosgen F type stream and had a basin relief ratio of 0.00345. The Kiamichi River Basin is classified as a Rosgen X type valley. Meander wavelength increased significantly in the downstream direction; the average reach meander wavelength ranged from 11 to 60 mean reach bankfull widths. Bankfull width, bankfull area, width:depth ratio, and channel stability increased in the downstream direction. Although there was no significant change in substrate size longitudinally, the percentage of gravel and cobble substrate increased and the percentage of bedrock decreased in the downstream direction. Bankfull discharge increased in the downstream direction, as expected. The majority of sites sampled were classified as Rosgen F4 stream types. The effective discharge (Qe) at the Big Cedar gaging station was estimated to be 4500 cubic feet per second (cfs) with a threshold discharge (Qt) of 0.1 cfs. The Antlers gaging station Qe was estimated to be 25,000 cfs with a Qt of 3.5 cfs. Deposition bar area below the Jackfork Creek tributary has increased over time.
    [Show full text]
  • Progress in the Application of Landform Analysis in Studies of Semiarid Erosion
    Progress in the Application of Landform Analysis in Studies of Semiarid Erosion GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 437 Progress in the Application of Landform Analysis in Studies of Semiarid Erosion By S. A. Schumm and R. F. Hadley GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 437 Washington 1961 United States Department of the Interior STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary Geological Survey William T. Pecora, Director First printing 1961 Second printing 1 967 Free on application to the U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. 20242 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract _____________________________ 1 Drainage -basin components-Continued Introduction__________________________ 1 Hill slopes-Continued The drainage basin as a unit ________ 2 'Form__ __________.-__----__ - 7 Relative relief and sediment yield ____ 2 Aspect--________-_---------__-__ 7 Drainage density and mean annual Stream channels ___________________ 8 runoff __________________ _______ 2 Discontinuous gullies_____________ 8 Drainage area and sediment yield ____ 3 Aggradation _____________________ 12 Drainage-basin components____________ 7 Channel shape ___________________ 12 Hill slopes_________________________ 7 References__-_-_____-_ ____________ 13 ILLUSTRATIONS Page Figure 1. Relation of mean annual sediment yield to relief ratio_--_-_____--_--------___- 3 2. Relation of mean annual sediment yield to relief ratio for 14 small drainage basins __________________________________________________________________ 4 3. Relation of mean annual runoff to drainage density.___________________________ 5 4. Relation of mean annual sediment yield to drainage area ______________________ 6 5.. Diagram of typical seepage step ________-__________-___-_-_-_---------_-.---- 8 6. Rose diagram showing relation of slope aspect to steepness of slope ____________ 9 7. Drainage nets of six selected basins ________________-_________-----_-------- 10 8.
    [Show full text]
  • DRAINAGE BASIN MORPHOLOGY Morphometric Analysis Is Defined As
    C H A P T E R 3 DRAINAGE BASIN MORPHOLOGY 3.1 Introduction Morphometric analysis is defined as the numerical systematization of landform elements measured from topographic maps and provides real basis of quantitative Geomorphology {Pal,1972). The major aspects examined are the area,relief,slope,profile and texture of the land as well as the varied characteristics of rivers and drainage basin {Clarke, 1966). For the Ghataprabha basin, the morphometric analysis has been undertaken by employing various methods used in the quantitative and qualitative analysis of landforms with the help of toposheet maps (Scale 1:50,000 and 1:250,000). These studies offer a clue to the interpretation of evolution of the landforms and their development through the ages. Such studies have relevance in prehistoric investigations as they help in the reconstruction of terrain types which were of significance to prehistoric communities and thereby for understanding the man-land relationships during prehistoric times. 3.2 Relief Morphology As the important aspects of landforms, relief and slope offer a clue to the interpretation of the evolution of landforms and their development. Normally, both the aspects are cumulative effects of several factors acting with different intensities at varying periods. Both these morphological aspects seem to be interdependent. Spatially, the parameters express variation due to differences in lithology, structure, drainage and altitude in the basin. 3.2.1 Absolute Relief The spatial distribution of absolute relief in the Ghataprabha basin is asymmetric The elevation range is significant from west to east. The western part of the basin has an average altitude of more than 800 in while in the eastern part it ranges between 500 - 800 m (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • River Dynamics Bruce L. Rhoads Index More Information Www
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-19542-4 — River Dynamics Bruce L. Rhoads Index More Information Index abductive reasoning, 10, 145 anabranching rivers, 252, 330, 332, 349, complicating factors, 147–151 abrasion, 297, 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 308 383, 392 determination of, 146 role in downstream fining, 298–299 and mega rivers, 195, 266–268 bar elements, 12, 13, 208, 209, 210, 211 advective processes, 16, 19, 26, 28, 34, 50, 63, and optimization principles, 252–253 bar theory 88, 130, 290, 291, 310, 323, 325, 326 difference from braided rivers, 187 and initiation of braiding, 234–236, 237, aggradation, 125, 149 environmental domain of, 194–195, 252 238, 241 and agriculture, 348 equilibrium of, 253 of initiation of meandering, 202–203 and anabranching, 253, 254, 261 importance of avulsion in, 255–256 bar units, 12, 198, 202, 203, 220, 225, 254, 258, and anastomosis, 261, 342 in arid and semi-arid North and South 269, 285 and avulsion, 194, 237, 246, 254, 255 America, 262–264 and braiding, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, and braiding, 237, 240, 249, 337 in Australia, 261–262 241, 245 and channelization, 359 on the Okavango Delta, 264–266 and confluence-diffluence units, 241, 242 and complex response, 160 processes of anabranching, 253–254 and initiation of meandering, 198–200, and dam removal, 396, 397, 398 vegetation and bank resistance, 256 202–205 and dams, 364, 366 anastomosing rivers, 194, 252, 256, 259–261, at confluences, 284–285 and downstream fining, 300, 306 264, 266, 267, 325, 330, 383, 392 forced, 200, 203, 207, 217 and floods, 163 and equilibrium, 261 in elongate meander bends, 227–228 and legacy sediment or post-settlement environmental domain of, 194 bar-bend theory alluvium, 347 annual maximum series, 138, 141 of initiation of meandering, 202, 203–205 and mega rivers, 266 Anthropocene, 343 bar-element scale, 12, 83, 85, 127, 170, 198, and mining waste, 351 antidunes, 84, 314, 315 207, 247, 250, 269, 386, 393, 400 and river equilibrium, 145, 157, 234, 372 armor.
    [Show full text]
  • Transport of Bedload Sediment .-.-- and Channel Morphology Of
    Transport of Bedload Sediment .-.-- and Channel Morphology /EDITORS Pacific Northwest F~~~~~~~~R~~~~Experiment Station of aSoutheast Alaska~trearrfi Research Note PNW-430 oct~ber1985 Margaret A. Estep and Robert L. Beschta Abstract During 1980-81, transport of bedload sediment and channel morphology were deter- mined at Trap Bay Creek, a third-order stream that drains a 13.5-square kilometer watershed on Chichagof island in southeast Alaska. Bedload sediment was sampled for 10 storms: peak flows ranged fm0.6 to 19.0 cubic meters per second, and transport rates ranged from 4 to 4400 kilograms per hour. Peak transport rates typically occurred during peak streamflow. Transport of bedload sediment at a riffle over 1600 meters upstream from the mouth of the watershed was greater for most storm events than that measured at another riffle 22 meters downstream. Transport was greatest at the downstream riffle, however, during the most severe storm of the season and during another storm 1 week later. Both magnitude of storm and availability of sediment appeared to determine the transport of bedload sediment in Trap Bay Creek. Regression relationships were developed between streamflow (independent variable), several transport variables, and particle sizes in two diameter classes (D, and D,).Analysis revealed that total bedload discharge was positively correlated with streamflow; transport of either diameter class, however, had no consistent relationship with streamflow from one storm to the next. Relationships between paiticulate organk matter and streamflow were also highly variable from storm to storm. Observations indicated that large organic debris, especially fallen trees, played a major role in determining channel morphology; tidal action was an important.factor affecting channel characteristics in the lower 1300 meters of the channel.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Hebbal Valley in Bangalore
    IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSRJMCE) ISSN: 2278-1684 Volume 2, Issue 6 (Sep-Oct 2012), PP 31-37 www.iosrjournals.org Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Hebbal Valley in Bangalore Jai M.Paul1 and M. Inayathulla2 1,2(Department of Civil Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, J.B. campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056, India) Abstract : In this study, morphometric analysis and prioritization of nine sub-watersheds of Hebbal valley, located in Bangalore district of Karnataka state, India is carried out using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. The morphometric parameters considered for analysis are stream order, stream length, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, texture ratio, form factor, circulatory ratio, elongation ratio, relief ratio, length of overland flow and basin shape. The watershed has a dendritic drainage pattern. The bifurcation ratio varies from 1.89 to 3.03 and all sub-watersheds fall under normal basin category. The circularity ratio ranges from 0.42 to 0.78 indicating that all the sub-watersheds except SWD9 are more or less circular. Elongation ration of all the water sheds except SWD3 and SWD9 is above 0.7 indicating that all the sub-watersheds except SWD3 and SWD9 are more or less circular. The compound parameter values are calculated and prioritization rating of nine sub-watersheds in Hebbal valley was carried out. The sub-watershed with lowest compound parameter value is given the highest priority. The sub-watershed SWD3 is likely to be subjected to maximum soil erosion hence it should be provided with immediate soil conservation measures. Keywords - Dendrites’, Drainage Patterns, GIS, Morphometric analysis, Sub watershed I.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment and Prediction of Surface Water Vulnerability from Non-Point Source Pollution in Midwestern Watersheds
    Scholars' Mine Doctoral Dissertations Student Theses and Dissertations Spring 2019 Assessment and prediction of surface water vulnerability from non-point source pollution in Midwestern watersheds Fadhil K. Jabbar Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations Part of the Geological Engineering Commons Department: Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Recommended Citation Jabbar, Fadhil K., "Assessment and prediction of surface water vulnerability from non-point source pollution in Midwestern watersheds" (2019). Doctoral Dissertations. 2781. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/2781 This thesis is brought to you by Scholars' Mine, a service of the Missouri S&T Library and Learning Resources. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ASSESSMENT AND PREDICTION OF SURFACE WATER VULNERABILITY FROM NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN MIDWESTERN WATERSHEDS by FADHIL KASSIM JABBAR A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2019 Approved by: Katherine Grote, Advisor David Rogers David Borrok Robert Tucker Dev Niyogi © 2019 Fadhil Kassim Jabbar All Rights Reserved iii PUBLICATION DISSERTATION OPTION This dissertation consists of the following two articles, formatted in the style used by the Missouri University of Science and Technology: Paper I: Pages 14-61 have been published in Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research. Paper II: Pages 62-100 have been submitted to Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research.
    [Show full text]