A Bit of Ionia's Health Care History

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

A Bit of Ionia's Health Care History February 2011 The Almost Monthly Publication of the Ionia County Historical Society MINUTES of the January, 2011 A Bit of Ionia’s Health Care History Program Meeting Our presentation for the The January 5 meeting of the January meeting was given in Historical Society was held in the the Guild Room of the Ionia Guild Room at the Ionia Memorial County Memorial Hospital by Hospital. President Linda Ciangi called the meeting to order, welcoming guests Hospital P.R. Director Laurie and members, and with thanks to our Tjalsma, accompanied by hosts for the evening and a “Happy intern John Balice. New Year” to all. Behind a table covered Appreciation was extended to Kris with scrapbooks and memora- Haskins for his leadership concerning the “Christmas in Ionia” concert which bilia, Laurie told us a little of raised significant funds for the local the long and colorful history of food banks. our local healthcare system. Thanks also to Sid’s Flowers, Ionia The earliest record of an Floral, and Eclectic for their decora- tions at the Blanchard House. All are “Ionia Hospital” was the office looking forward to next year. of Dr. McCann located above Many plans are in the works for the Ionia County National the upcoming months, so members Bank offices on Main Street and friends are encouraged to watch in the 1920s. His office was for news and items on the website’s calendar page. equipped with the most Everything’s under control for the advanced medical equipment ICHS booth at the Ionia Expo on in the town at the time. Ionia Hospital - Jackson St. March 12, according to co-chairs Doni Sometime thereafter, a K. and Patty S-G. Stephanie V. reported that the the hospital was established by County’s men and women in needs. That same year, the Gallery Event hosted by Chel Leah Ms. Belle Sawyer in a former the Armed Services. hospital received accreditation, was a success, with 35 tickets sold and residence on north Jackson Very shortly afterwards, justifying all the community’s many positive comments. It’s quite Street (pictured here). The the community began major efforts at providing quality likely that it will be held again next institution was run by dona- fund-raising efforts to build a health care. In the 1970s, a season. Treasurer Hank Knoop delivered tions. In March of 1943, the new hospital. With tremendous new emergency, intensive care, his report, noting much great publicity second director of the hospital, support, pledges from 50¢ to and coronary care units were from recent events. Mrs. Grace Elliot, declared $10,000 accumulated to a total added. Over the next 20 years, Stephanie also noted thanks to that the hospital would be of over $365,000. By 1953, changes in health care funding Paula Thompson at Biggby Coffee. They will be donating $1.00 to the closing due to lack of funds. the new hospital on Lafayette and insurances caused many ICHS for each special coffee purchase The possible loss of Street was dedicated by Mayor changes in how the hospital January 10 thru 17. the only such facility in the Tony Balice. The final cost was run. Steph also reminded members of area caused quick action led of the hospital was $650,000, Now in partnership with the Silk City Preservations Society and by Ionia’s Mayor Clarence much of which was granted Sparrow Hospital of Lansing, their “Save the Clock Tower” cam- paign. She will keep us all notified of Johnson. A series of special by the government as part of many new services and new meetings and information. meetings resulted in rapid the “Hill-Burton” legislation, technologies are available. Condolences go out to the fam- action to establish the com- established to assist communi- Laurie took the ICHS mem- ily of Barb Sykes who was a member munity hospital. By August of ties with healthcare construc- bers on a tour of the facility, in of the ICHS, as well as Bill Franch, long-time member who was known 1943, Mrs. Hassie Thornton tion projects. parts old and new, and spoke for his annual holiday gatherings at the (owner of the Jackson St. Within a few years, more of on-going rennovations. Blanchard House. facility) struck a deal to rent capacity was required and a Laurie also summarized The members present took a quick the place to the city. The new 18-bed pediatric wing plans underway to build a new break for refreshments, then Joan name, Ionia County Memorial was added, and in 1958 a new health care facility south of McCord introduced our host for the evening, Lori Tjalsma, for her presenta- Hospital, was suggested by expansion provided greater town, and eventually a new tion about the history of the Hospital. Allan Williams, to be dedi- laundry and kitchen facili- hospital to replace the present (Story on page one!) cated to the memory of Ionia ties. Throughout the 60s many hospital to further improve more changes took place in health care services in Ionia addition to brick-and-mortar County in the coming years. NEXT MONTH: March 4 Ionia’s projects. In 1966 a master plan Many thanks to Laurie for Presbyterian Church Celebrates 150 Years was created outlining future her tour and presentation. The CHRONICLE — The Almost Monthly Publication of the Ionia County Historical Society — Jan-Feb 2011 In regards to Summer Sundays this MINUTES of the year, a new Chairperson is needed to January, 2011 make those arrangements. It was sug- Upcoming Programs and Events Business Meeting gested that we promote “Read, Relax, and Research” as a theme for the The Board of Directors of the days without specific activities sched- Thursday Evening Workshops at the Ionia County Historical Society met at uled. The idea of a “sidebar” in the Blanchard House. 5:00 to 7:00 p.m. the Blanchard House at 7:00 p.m. on Chronicle to spotlight books in our col- Wednesday, January 19. lection might be an interesting feature, The first order of business was and entice people to come in and scan Wednesday, March 3th, 7:00 p.m. Stephanie VanderMolen’s report on our book shelves so we can better share the recent fund-raising program with our collection. Program Meeting at the Blanchard House Biggby Coffee. She noted that it was David and Annette McCord are PROGRAM: blah blah blah blah a great success, but the total donation going to be sharing their “Dexter was not yet determined. Colony” presentation with several Doni Knoop and Patty Simpson- organization in the area in the next Saturday, March 12th Goeke are co-chairs for the Ionia couple of months. They would like to Community Expo at Ionia High School Community Expo coming up on March offer some of the Dexter books for sale, 12, and we will have a booth to our- but there are only three left. Stephanie selves this year. They are seeking sug- moved that we purchase another 25 Wednesday, March 16th, 7:00 p.m. gestions for the displays and volunteers books. This was supported by Patty ICHS Business Meeting at the Blanchard House to staff the booth. ICHS President and passed. Treasurer Hank Knoop Linda Ciangi is donating a quilt to be handed the check to David M. to cover given away as a door prize that day. the order. Saturday, April 2nd At the next meeting, the Board and Stephanie V. will be contacting members of the Accessions Committee people about arranging a late-sum- Appraisal Road Show – Commission on Aging will study their calendars to attempt to mer tour and program at the Highland find some dates for committee meet- Park Cemetery. Some discussion was Wednesday, April 3th, 7:00 p.m. ings and workshops. The committee’s had about the format of that program, task load is piling up! still to be defined. There is still talk Program Meeting at the Blanchard House It was noted that an agreement about doing some kind of “murder had been made with C&L Trucking mystery” gathering at the Blanchard Wednesday, April 17th, 7:00 p.m. to clear the snow from the Blanchard House in collaboration with the Ionia House sidewalks on those days when Community Theatre, but nothing defi- ICHS Business Meeting at the Blanchard House the Sheriff’s Department is not able to nite yet. staff the job. The Tri-River “Spring Into The Saturday, April 30th and Sunday, May 1 President Ciangi and Barb Ehlert Past” Museum Tours will be April have donated some “plastic china” 30 and May 1 this year. Stephanie V. SPRING INTO THE PAST dinnerware for use at the House as and David McCord will arrange game- Annual Tri-River Museum Tours needed. related activities for the weekend, both The Board considered the idea of outdoors and indoors. David will look A Weekend of GAMES for all ages! establishing a Donations Chairman to into doing a May Pole, too. handle the paperwork and notifications The June 10 Yard Sale is being Wednesday, March 16th, 7:00 p.m. connected with that process. The invi- Chaired by Doni Knoop, and is expect- tation will be extended to the member- ed to be a success. Artisans, crafters, Program at the Blanchard House: ship at the next meeting. and antique dealers are being contacted “On The Home Front, 1861” Presented by David & Annette McCord THE BOOK that documents the pre- For other upcoming events - visit the ICHS sentation given to the website at ioniahistory.org. ICHS in May of 2010, - a 10x10 space is only $10. the website, it appears that we can FOR SALE! President Ciangi reported that again trim the number of domains we David & Annette McCord plans are coming along nicely for the own.
Recommended publications
  • Michigan and the Civil War Record Group 57
    Michigan and the Civil War Record Group 57 Entry 1: Books Belknap, Charles E., History of the Michigan Organizations at Chickamauga, Chattanooga, and Missionary Ridge, 1863 Ellis, Helen H., Michigan in the civil War: A Guide to the Material in Detroit Newspapers 1861- 1866 Genco, James G., To the Sound Of Musketry and the Tap of the Drum Michigan and the Civil War: An Anthology Michigan at Gettysburg, July 1st, 2nd, and 3rd, 1863. June 12th, 1889 Michigan Soldiers and Sailors, Alphabetical Index, Civil War, 1861-1865 Nolan, Alan T., The Iron Brigade: A Military History Record of Service of Michigan Volunteers in the Civil War1861-1865, Vol. 43Engineers and Mechanics Record of Service of Michigan Volunteers in the Civil War1861-1865, Vol.33 Third Michigan Cavalry Record of Service of Michigan Volunteers in the Civil War1861-1865, Vol. 24 Twenty-Fourth Michigan Infantry Record of Service of Michigan Volunteers in the Civil War1861-1865, Vol. 2 Second Michigan Infantry Record of Service of Michigan Volunteers in the Civil War1861-1865Vol. 1 First Michigan Infantry Record of Service of Michigan Volunteers in the Civil War 1861-1865, Vol. 4 Fourth Michigan Infantry Record of Service of Michigan Volunteers in the Civil War 1861-1865, Vol. 5 Fifth Michigan Infantry Robertson, Jno., Michigan in the War War Papers-Michigan Commandery L.L., Vol. I-October 6, 1886-April 6, 1893, Broadfoot Publishing, 1993 War Papers-Michigan Comandery L.L., Vol. II-December 7, 1893-May 5, 1898 Broadfoot Publishing, 1993 Entry 2: Pamphlets Beeson, Ed. Lewis, Impact of the Civil War on the Presbyterian Church in Michigan, Micigan Civil War Centennial Observer Commission, 1965 Beeson, Lewis, Ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Union Calendar No. 607
    1 Union Calendar No. 607 110TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 2d Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 110–934 REPORT ON THE LEGISLATIVE AND OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS DURING THE 110TH CONGRESS JANUARY 2, 2009.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 79–006 WASHINGTON : 2009 VerDate Nov 24 2008 22:51 Jan 06, 2009 Jkt 079006 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4012 Sfmt 4012 E:\HR\OC\HR934.XXX HR934 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with HEARING E:\Seals\Congress.#13 COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS CHARLES B. RANGEL, New York, Chairman FORTNEY PETE STARK, California JIM MCCRERY, Louisiana SANDER M. LEVIN, Michigan WALLY HERGER, California JIM MCDERMOTT, Washington DAVE CAMP, Michigan JOHN LEWIS, Georgia JIM RAMSTAD, Minnesota RICHARD E. NEAL, Massachusetts SAM JOHNSON, Texas MICHAEL R. MCNULTY, New York PHIL ENGLISH, Pennsylvania JOHN S. TANNER, Tennessee JERRY WELLER, Illinois XAVIER BECERRA, California KENNY C. HULSHOF, Missouri LLOYD DOGGETT, Texas RON LEWIS, Kentucky EARL POMEROY, North Dakota KEVIN BRADY, Texas STEPHANIE TUBBS JONES, Ohio THOMAS M. REYNOLDS, New York MIKE THOMPSON, California PAUL RYAN, Wisconsin JOHN B. LARSON, Connecticut ERIC CANTOR, Virginia RAHM EMANUEL, Illinois JOHN LINDER, Georgia EARL BLUMENAUER, Oregon DEVIN NUNES, California RON KIND, Wisconsin PAT TIBERI, Ohio BILL PASCRELL, JR., New Jersey JON PORTER, Nevada SHELLY BERKLEY, Nevada JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York CHRIS VAN HOLLEN, Maryland KENDRICK MEEK, Florida ALLYSON Y. SCHWARTZ, Pennsylvania ARTUR DAVIS, Alabama (II) VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:20 Jan 06, 2009 Jkt 079006 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 E:\HR\OC\HR934.XXX HR934 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with HEARING LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • DOCUMENT RESUME ED 390 434 IR 055 781 TITLE a Manual For
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 390 434 IR 055 781 TITLE A Manual for Michigan State Documents Deposi,tory Libraries. INSTITUTION Michigan Library, Lansing. PUB DATE 94 NOTE 65p. PUB TYPE Guides Non-Classroom Use (055) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC03 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Depository Libraries; *Government Publications; *Library Administration; Library Materials; Library Networks; Library Role; Library Services; *Library Technical Processes; State Programs IDENTIFIERS Historical Background; Library of Michigan; *Michigan ABSTRACT This manual contains information about the Michigan Documents Depusitory Library Program as administered by the Library of Michigan, a brief history of the program, the types of publications distributed, and guidance on handling and processing depository shipments. The first section briefly outlines the history of the Michigan documents depository library program. Section 2, "Library of Michigan Administration of the Depository Program," contains details about the role the Library of Michigan plays in overseeing the program, a profile of the member libraries, some general procedures, and information about how depository documents are distributed. The third section, "Guidelines for Managing a Michigan Documents Depository," explains how depository documents should be dealt with after their arrival at the depository, including technical processing, claim procedures, and retention and weeding policies. "Resources for Effective Public Services," the fourth section, serves as an introduction to document acquisition and to some online search tools; it includes a suggested core list of Michigan state documents. Seven appendices contain laws pertaining to the depository library program, a directory of the depository library system, a sample shipping list, classification scheme, filing rules, a bibliographic aid for locating pre-1952 documents, and a document price list.(BEW) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
    [Show full text]
  • First Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment (Three Months) Receiving Its Colors from the Ladies of Detroit
    First Michigan – Three Months Volunteer Infantry Regiment “Thank God for Michigan!” It is confidently expected that the patriotic citizen soldiery of Michigan will promptly come forward to enlist in the cause of the Union, against which an extensive rebellion in arms exists, threatening the integrity and perpetuity of the government.1 Governor and Commander-in-Chief Austin Blair April 16, 1861 On April 12, 1861, the first guns of the Civil War were fired on Fort Sumter. On April 15, Governor Austin only three days later, Lincoln appealed to the “loyal” states for help in putting down the Blair rebellion, calling for 75,000 volunteers to serve for three months.2 Governor Austin Blair received the War Department’s telegram at his home in Jackson, advising him of Lincoln’s call to arms and informing him of Michigan’s quota: one regiment consisting of ten companies, or about 1,000 men. Governor Blair immediately left for Detroit to confer with the state’s Adjutant General, John Robertson.3 The problem: how to recruit, organize, arm, equip and train a regiment as quickly as possible. There were no funds for such an undertaking. Michigan’s treasury in 1861 was nearly depleted. Prominent business and civic leaders around the state stepped forward, pledging $80,000 in loans to get Michigan’s war effort started.4 On April 16, one day after receiving the War Department’s telegram, Governor Blair called for volunteers. The response was wildly enthusiastic, marked by a massive war Adjutant General John Robertson 1 First Michigan – Three Months Volunteer Infantry Regiment Ypsilanti Light Guard, the Marshall Light Guard and the Hardee Cadets— rendezvoused at Fort Wayne to drill and train.7 Colonel Frank W.
    [Show full text]
  • Michigan Historical Commission. Term Expires. Hon. 'Woodbridge N
    M ICHIGAN HIST ORICAL COMMISSION . x ire T e rm E p s . i ’ M hi x o o . E . FER I e rn o r c an e cz H . DBRID G N R s Gov ON WOO , of g , fi ' ’ D . P r d n t E M F K . B . si e T . O e R R $ ONSIGNOR RAN A RIEN , LL , , Kalamaz Oo Ph . P rb . T $ E D ice r sid nt A r RO F . C D $ A N N $ e e o P LAU E H , , , Ann M . JEN K S . A . WILLIA L , M , Port Huron B . A . C . LARENCE M URTON , M , Detroit HON . EDW . OOD . IN O W , Flint H L . H EMA s ON . W N A TON T , Mason E$ ECUT I$ E OFFI CERS . CH M Ph . D . ARLES OORE , , Secretary and Editor , INA H M H $ $ M M U P RE ARNU , Assis tant Editor , M . P $ u . ARIE B ERRE , C rator of the Museum THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MI CHIGAN HIST ORICAL COMMISSI ON . oodbrid N . Ferris The H onorable W ge , Governor of Michigan . Sir — The Michigan Historical Commission respectfully submit their o f third annual report , in accordance with section numbered nine Act 2 1 19 13 N o . 7 , Public Acts of , by virtue of which law the Commission exists . During the past year the Commission has consisted of the following members $ i . N . i o ffic o Hon Woodbridge Ferr s , Governor of Michigan , ex , ’ i . A . Br e n .
    [Show full text]
  • Paper for History Seminar Kalamazoo College the Republican Party in the Kalamazoo Area, 1854-186211 Kathy R. Shackleton January
    Paper For History Seminar Kalamazoo College IIFounding and Founders of The Republican Party in The Kalamazoo Area, 1854-1862 11 .. -.. :', Kathy R. Shackleton January 1957 - ...... ., TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. Introduction Stephen A. Douglas and the Kansas-Nebraska Bill Split in the Democratic Party. CHAPTER II. ---------------------------------------- 3 Free-Democrat State Convention, Jackson Detroit meeting for newspaper editors George A. Fitch's editorial CHAPTER III. --------------------------------------- 5 Convention in Kalamazoo Resolutions passed Free-Soilers meeting CHAPTER IV. ---------------------------------------- 7 Kalamazoo's call for the Jackson Convention ~HAFTER v. ----------------------------------------- '8 Jackson Convention Resolutions Kalamazoo Gazette's reaction CHAPTER VI. ---------------------------------------- 10 Jacob M. Howard and the naming of the Republican Party CHAPTER VII. ----------------------------------------- 11 Kalamazoo Gazette and the new party CHAPTER VIII. ---------------------------------------- 12 Nominations at the Jackson Convention Results of the elections of 1854 CHAPTER IX. ----------------------------------------- 13 H. G. Wells at the Philadelphia Convention CHAPTER x. ------------------------------------------ 14 Lincoln comes to Kalamazoo. CHAPTER XI. ----------------------------------------- 17 Kalamazoo Gazette's summary The influx of the Dutch CHAPTER XII. ------------------------------------------ 19 Panic of 1857 Split in the Republican Party Eleotion results of 1858. 76209
    [Show full text]
  • President-Elect in Springfield (1860-1861)
    Chapter Seventeen “I Will Suffer Death Before I Will Consent to Any Concession or Compromise”: President-elect in Springfield (1860-1861) During the four months separating his election from his inauguration, Lincoln faced the daunting challenge of Southern secession. Though he would not officially take power until March 1861, his party looked to him for guidance. Like most Republicans, he was startled when the Cotton States made good their supposedly idle threats to withdraw from the Union.1 Should they be allowed to go in peace? Should they be forcibly resisted? Should they be conciliated or appeased? What compromise measures might preserve national unity without sacrificing the party’s principles? Radicals like Zachariah Chandler believed “all will be well” if Lincoln would only “‘Stand like an Anvil when the sparks fall thick & fast, a fiery shower,’” but some Republicans feared that he would not do so.2 A few days after the election, Charles Francis Adams viewed Southern threats to secede as a means “to frighten Mr Lincoln at the outset, and to compel him to declare himself in opposition to the principles of the party that has elected him.” Adams confessed that the awaited the president-elect’s 1 David M. Potter, Lincoln and His Party in the Secession Crisis (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1942), 75-80. 2 Zachariah Chandler to Lyman Trumbull, Detroit, 13 November 1860, Trumbull Family Papers, Lincoln Presidential Library, Springfield. Chandler was quoting, somewhat inaccurately, from a poem by George Washington Doane. 1875 Michael Burlingame – Abraham Lincoln: A Life – Vol. 1, Chapter 17 reaction “with some misgivings,” for “the swarms that surround Mr Lincoln are by no means the best.”3 Adams need not have worried, for Lincoln sided with the “stiff-backed” Republicans in rejecting any concession of basic principle, just as he had rebuffed those eastern Republicans who two years earlier had supported the reelection of Douglas.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewing Michigan's Capitol 2014-2016
    Renewing Michigan’s Capitol Michigan State Michigan Capitol Commission State Capitol Commission November 2016 MICHIGAN STATE CAPITOL COMMISSION GARY RANDALL (CHAIR) CAPITOL BUILDING P.O. BOX 30014 JOHN TRUSCOTT (VICE-CHAIR) LANSING, MICHIGAN 48909-7514 TIM BOWLIN (517) 373-1433 KERRY CHARTKOFF JEFF COBB TRAVIS WEBER The Michigan State Capitol is a great example of a uniquely American architectural form — the statehouse. Opened on January 1, 1879, our elegant Capitol has stood watch as Michigan evolved from a timbered frontier to a center of manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism. As the years passed, our once beautiful building became neglected and fell into decay. Brilliant decorative art was concealed, and spacious rooms were subdivided into dark and crowded offices. As the Capitol neared its century mark, the threat of demolition loomed on the horizon. Yet, the people of Michigan were not ready to bid farewell to their historic Capitol. A dedicated group of citizens and elected officials joined forces to preserve the building. A major restoration, executed from 1987-1992, addressed the Capitol’s ornamental interiors and a limited number of exterior concerns. At the conclusion of the restoration, the Capitol was rededicated to the people of Michigan. Nevertheless, there were some major projects, such as the replacement of missing and weathered decorative elements on the dome and the complete restoration of the grounds, that were not addressed. As the years passed, time took its toll on the building’s electrical, mechanical, and plumbing systems. The ability to complete such large projects, however, remained elusive in tight budget years. Inspired by the need to preserve Michigan’s iconic statehouse, concerned legislators authored bills to establish the Michigan State Capitol Commission in 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Manuscripts in the Michigan Historical Collections of The
    L I B RAR.Y OF THE U N IVER.SITY OF 1LLI NOIS oi6.9q74- cop. 2 £ ILLINOIS HISTORY SURVEY LIBRARY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/guidetomanuscripOOmich GUIDE TO MANUSCRIPTS in the MICHIGAN HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS of THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN By Robert M. Warner and Ida C. Brown Ann Arbor 1963 Composition and Lithoprinted by BRAUN -BRUM FIELD, Inc. Ann Arbor, Michigan Oil.. Ill* H INTRODUCTION The Michigan Historical Collections are a special library of The University of Michigan, con- taining the archives of the University and papers of individuals and organizations throughout Michi- gan. In the beginning there were two different projects. One, begun by Professor Lewis G. Vander Velde in 1934, was a program of collecting manuscript and printed materials relating to Michigan history, primarily for the use of graduate students in his seminar. The other program concerned the collecting and preservation of records of the University. To accomplish this purpose, President Alexander G. Ruthven appointed The Committee on University Archives, of which Professor Vander Velde was the secretary. Firmly convinced that a comprehen- sive collection of manuscripts dealing with the history of the University and the State would be use- ful for students and scholars, he began a vigorous campaign of letter writing and personal visits. Housed for a time in a room in the Clements Library, in 1938, needing more space, the papers were moved into the newly opened Rackham Building. In the same year the Regents established the Michigan Historical Collections and appointed Professor Vander Velde the Director.
    [Show full text]
  • Austin Blair: Civil War Governor, R 1861--1862 VOLUME 49 SEPTEMBER 1965 NUMBER 3 Jean Joy L
    1 ; lo .'. )'·l. I. I .,1 ·' i ' t : r : l : l'• .. i l . .': ' hJ :·' • • f ! l I Ii I ' I ' ( - ' •1 . ' ·<. .. ;\·. i . ~ . ' . :: ' . d .,:. --• ·--...&.·\Jt -; ' . ' -... _. 1 ~.-~, ·-:·,7 ·'"~:I ~~7~-· ~~7' ~~7/Jtp/ f ~:.71 t l..- '/ .. ")?r~/~. -7?---.7 ~~7. .r''/?'/ -~7J-,.,l")r__,,,,,.,.~··?/ ·'7·r.,-n.·f·, . ~ ~~ -v17t~ ~·~-~-r!} ··~1~,--pp) ·<g ~711;r ·~ '71--pf~ -?·;~r---'7-7 7 7 ~ ~M/ 'r.-'Jf' 71- ,. ~~ ~ ~z, 7 7~ ·~ ~~,,'"7/-~·: --r---7 . :ry/~/ --~~~ ~~ 7---.·7·v,-:-#·~~/' ~1 •. ~~~-~~¥~~~:/ : /~. ~ ~· ...,.._. -7 ~7 .._,-,:? >.TP ·-,..n-V~"J"J/-. '-~ ~:? I ~ ·--r-- n I / / \ 1 ~'n". ..' 17~~~/7- .. 7ry".Y...,~··7 .:. ~~~~~~4;;:_:::;r;:;:1 :~-~ ---!~ ~7 -/7',;( .·~ rn" 7 T~_..,,, I I • I ' -~ ~~.,, ~//' ., ->-/"!:,' '!/; TJ7/ -~~ £'<! ! ~~~~ ~ --k~~~?? ·~/ ~?Z,· ,,.. ·~?7;~ '. , / . ' / :/ l -,, // I ! ~ ~~~ ~ -n?,-"'h ?/ ~. ~ 7-1..7/77-4'~~ ?'r.l?,,~:f . : . ' '7-T/~ ·--:,..,.;('~ ~7-p'~~?.?/'7~ 4-r p ; jP i~ ~~ ~~"' ~-~.,;.?'~'77/' y..-ry ·r. .-.. ~ /·· -;r ~~/ . ,, ~ ~!' ... _;>._/h~.r·;r L~. ·~ .~,., /> :' - ' / 7' "#i / 1 ~ ~ ~ ' j ·;.· . ~, 777? -v?-?/?'77f fr7~~~z· ~/~v7 Pry l . ~~~;>f4 [£·>'~/~---µ' '?77 . c~~~ ~~ ?7 "'V-??:~/~...., ~../---'!} nH"Z-· --:Ylf' .. ·Y'"~~·P:? 1--->?~z-·., .. 1'-~/~r>?n ~? Pr>n ,,~->--r?-ze#' '/ --'T"h I ~ ' ~ / ~ '/r- • p _,....v'J q"'.I'''"'°'.., .:..y-:.,.._,,,./ .· ?7 ~""":/~ ~, . ~ 7" ·~ ~ 4 ;;71:-0 '"°~~;,-.."'~ ~-771? ~~ .., .. ~.;p/~~~rh-: ~~ ?7~ h;f/ ·7-•r•a:f/~,,.- "? /_~ ~P'r··-o ?i'~hn'"f' ·7/l .· ,...,,....·~7-~--e--~p/~:vJ~,Z/ ,,~-~~~~r-,,,~---7~/<;!L Y~"-r!Y -/2'~~-~ ?:P4-
    [Show full text]
  • About Michigan „ Economic, Cultural, and Political History „ Profile of People and Lifestyles „ State Facts
    CHAPTER 1 About Michigan Economic, Cultural, and Political History Profile of People and Lifestyles State Facts Economic, Cultural, and Political History ECONOMY AND CULTURE POLITICS 1660 to 1760 bout 15,000 Indians lived in Michigan when n search of the mythical northwest passage to the AEuropeans first arrived in the area in the early 1600s. IOrient, Samuel de Champlain (founder of Quebec) sent The Chippewa (Ojibway) lived in the Upper Peninsula Etienne Brulé to head west through the Georgian Bay. and eastern lower peninsula and the Potawatomi in the Brulé reached the Sault Ste. Marie area in 1618. On a later southwest. Other tribes included the Sauk, Miami, Huron, trip, in 1621, he traveled as far west as the Keweenaw Pen- and Menominee. insula. In the 1630s Jean Nicolet explored the Lake Michi- gan area, reaching Green Bay. The earliest European immigrants came largely from France, mainly as fur traders and missionaries. Father The French settled northern Michigan first because they Jacques Marquette founded the first permanent settlement had made an enemy of the Iroquois Nation in southwest in Michigan, in Sault Ste. Marie, in 1668; three years later, New York, which blocked the French path to Lake Erie he founded St. Ignace. The military posts at Mackinac and southern Michigan. Island and Mackinaw City (Fort Michilimackinac) were built to protect French influence in the region. By the turn of the 18th century, the British too were in- terested in Michigan. The French responded by forming Southern Michigan was settled a bit later. In 1690 the an alliance with various Indian tribes, as they had in the French established Fort St.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief History of Michigan
    A BRIEF HISTORY OF MICHIGAN Michigan Before the Europeans When French explorers first visited Michigan in the early seventeenth century, there were approximately 100,000 Native Americans living in the Great Lakes region. Of these, the estimated population of what is now Michigan was approximately 15,000. Several tribes made the forests and river valleys here their home. The main groups, sometimes referred to as “The Three Fires,” were the Chippewa (Ojibway), who lived mainly in the Upper Peninsula and the eastern part of the Lower Peninsula; the Ottawa, who resided along the western part of the Lower Peninsula; and the Potawatomi, who occupied part of southwestern Michigan after migrating from what is now eastern Wisconsin. Other significant tribes in this region included the Huron (sometimes known as the Wyandot), who came to the southeastern area of Michigan from the Ontario side of Lake Huron; the Sauk, who resided in the Saginaw River valley; the Miami, who lived along the St. Joseph River before migrating to western Ohio; and the Menominee, who lived in northern Wisconsin and parts of the Upper Peninsula. Most Native American settlements in the Great Lakes region were along river valleys or near the shoreline of the Great Lakes, and, much like today, most of the population located in the southern half of the Lower Peninsula. Tribal settlements were not permanent, with groups moving to new locations every few years. Although agriculture was limited by soil conditions and dense forest, the Native Americans of this region did cultivate crops. Corn, beans, and squash were grown and wild apples, berries, nuts, game, fish, honey, and wild rice provided other sources of food.
    [Show full text]