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EXAMINING the PARTHIAN ART and ARCHITECTURE and the IMPACT of GREEK ART and ARCHITECTURE Soha Nabaei1 Elham Alipanahi2

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EXAMINING the PARTHIAN ART and ARCHITECTURE and the IMPACT of GREEK ART and ARCHITECTURE Soha Nabaei1 Elham Alipanahi2 Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 795 EXAMINING THE PARTHIAN ART AND ARCHITECTURE AND THE IMPACT OF GREEK ART AND ARCHITECTURE Soha Nabaei1 Elham Alipanahi2 Abstract: In this article, a brief look at columns attached to the wall. Plaster the history of ancient Iranian art before Vonda colored object of interesting Islam, its characteristics during the architectural elements farthest era of Parthian rule, and the study of the special features. The use of materials and monuments left over from that period, the use of adobe bricks with mortar especially the palaces and the influence gained sharply. Perhaps one of the of ancient Greek architecture on them. advantages of this new material, creating Parthian period, due to the succession of massive arch of the dome is first and then the Seleucids, the Greek and Iranian create a new architectural style were the domination over the Greek culture and architects of the Sassanid indebted. City architecture were widespread in Iran, one maps with Hypoderm been carried out in of the most important periods of the some cities. But the main feature of the history of Iran. The Parthian era culture Parthian city circular design in cities is a culture that tries to dominate the such as Marv, Ctesiphon and Hart seen. remains of Greek civilization and culture to bring Iran to re-establish. Parthian win Keywords: Architecture, Parthian, this battle and inspiring inventions and Greece, Urban. innovations of the Sassanid civilization and Islamic culture of Iran. Overall, what Introduction is interesting is the dramatic Parthian Alexander the Great's architecture are among the Porticoes overthrow of Iran and the extinction of wide open courtyard surrounded by the Achaemenid government completely 1 M.A student, Department of Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, University College of Rouzbahan, Sari, Iran. Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]. Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 796 undermined Iranian culture and Achaemenes Inscription land on the civilization. The political revolution and "light" called. According Astra the chaos of the country necessitated an bun,Parthian leader was a man named important literary revolution. Parthian Rask’s Arish which later became part of warrior and brave people who have been the Parthian king’s hypothetical successful for five years a powerful ancestor.Part of the successors of empire across the Iranian Plateau Alexander the Macedonian government run.Achaemenes defeat of Alexander, toppled Achaemenes (Seleucid), and his successors continue the government, have a strong government and a huge a combination of new features art culture back for five centuries are founded. eastern Greece was replaced by former Parthian city of Nysa first capital (near Iranian cultural and historical features. Ashgabat) Turkmenistan, the second Greek family relationship with the capital city of one hundred gates that it Orient, background and reasons for the hecatomb pelisse said police in favorable influence of culture between southwest Dagan and the third city of East and West created. The new culture Ctesiphon on the Tigris and the other is emerging as an institution that Seleucia. Hellenistic culture (Hellenistic) became Parthian era architecture: famous. In the course of mixing styles Parthian architecture developed very Greek and Persian practices of other different given.Marina this period were nations ((Hellenistic architecture)) was the heirs of different traditions, traditions created. However, the extent to which of Central Asia on the one hand with historians study the Parthian, Greek- them and on the other hand saw an Roman attitude most have rejected the Iranian native architectural features.The values of their special abilities become collection of Greek traditions should also more obvious Parthian architectural be noted that during the rule of was survey and the influence of Greek common in Iran. Parthian architectural architecture, the purpose of this article. style as the other continued and Forming parts people: Part consolidated. Parthian architecture Porta a branch of the Iranian people.The combined Greek and Persian elements in inscription of Darius I of the the development of a unique Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 797 architectural work. The Parthians in 123 and easy access to, and the material was BC. The following is information about suitable to perform different tasks. a wide architecture Party begins. The Which was widespread relief that a ruins of a great palace of the second combination of Greek and Achaemenes century AD Altar, Iraq, if they cannot see style. More because of the abundance of party technologies, at least enough to the mineral gypsum plaster art boom and know that Botanysatdad open party.The ease of working with this method is that main facade is made of stone cut with the use of decorative has caused. At the two large patio. Two smaller rooms time, mortar, plaster on the wall easily Dashawn beat the symbol and may have and quickly was drawn and it was hard. two floors. The room is small arch in Since the Achaemenes for decorating the Altar apparently been a place of building of masonry and stone was used worship.The excavations that took place for the construction of parts of the in different parts of the remains of the Median of engraved bricks were used. - Parthians and then the style of the past Very good use of advanced techniques were builtyou can specify the and Ivan arch and dome of the dome architecture and features, including: - using ecological materials out:Parthian Maximum use of materials such as architectural style before the wooden canvas binding of stone, adobe and roof against climate change, such as plaster cooked one of the architectural humidity, corrosion or other risks such as features of aggregate Party (shaved, fire and life cannot be durable materials aging, carcass) and adobe in the body to cover the arc and arch were drawn. and cover. Construction materials used Buildings on top of the style of Iranian during the Parthian and Sasanian time construction of the Parthian dynasty more cleanly shaven stones mostly of start.In fact, two of the dome arch adobe, clay is. To decorate buildings and buildings known to date in country, One blue glazed tiles and plaster coating of the first king of the Sassanid palace (baked and crushed stone (stone)) was was built in the late Parthian period and used. The emerging phenomenon in the the other House, Mount Khawaja in Parthian period plaster decoration was Sistani that more resembled a Greek for the first time, the material is flexible buildings to the Iranian Amby.Parthian Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 798 architecture arch rocking the arc and this long porch and covered by a dome Richen with stone slates and decorative structures with short and long run by relief work routine and sometimes you Iranian architects have a special skill. It had a column. -Party style buildings works like House of buildings can be designed after the invention of the dome, Firuz Abad and harvestman especially a mixture of the porch, the room is huge deficit arch named. -The domed chamber. And in the house, porch tremendous variety of designs: Another to put innovation into the next period's Party architectural features of the architecture was transferred. As open buildings is diverse and non-uniform, So space covered porch on the one hand and that the building cannot have that same the connecting space is outside, in map,In contrast, the European churches addition to the hours of the day and and other buildings in particular are often seasons of the year is habitable and the same plan.Remains of the Parthian operation. - The most important period, including the State House, the architectural parties, abandon the use Palace of Harte (Herten), which in columns to keep the rectangular room Arabic is called Altar, Throne of ceilings and instead beat arch from one Solomon Temple, Temple is in side to the courtyard or courtyard of the Kandahar. -Using mortar and asphalt that network that had been made. Parthian it could create large architectural spaces, unlike the Achaemenes (the stone) and Char bitumen mortar (mortar) is Mud (using wooden structure) to hold comprised of: lime milk, washed and the roof, columns and the porch went ground clay, plaster half-baked and half ahead for the first time in the Iranian and beaten, Gaurs (sand grains such as Greek art from Venture hidden. The millet), rock sugar, syrup made of grapes building houses the central life plan was or dates, sometimes goat hair camel to explore more areas have been Yapshm have been added to the mortar. identified in Mesopotamia, the system Stone mortar were not used, because the architecture. Central to the plan is an Parthians were refractory clay and brick excellent example of the life of Ivan led mortar. standard, has been identified in the State House. -Do not avoid and alpine glory in Introducing Greek Architecture: Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V.
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