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Relying on the Development Zones to Promote the Development of Hebei Coastal Areas

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Relying on the Development Zones to Promote the Development of Hebei Coastal Areas International Academic Workshop on Social Science (IAW-SC 2013) Relying on the Development Zones to Promote the Development of Hebei Coastal Areas Xiaodong Zhao Xingguo Li School of Economics and Management Research Center for Development Strategy Yanshan University Yanshan University Qinhuangdao City, 066004, Hebei Province, P.R.China Qinhuangdao City, 066004, Hebei Province, P.R.China [email protected] [email protected] Weiwei Wang Research Center for Development Strategy Yanshan University Qinhuangdao City, 066004, Hebei Province, P.R.China [email protected] Abstract—Base on the comprehensive review of the development progress of Hebei coastal development zones, by II. THE GENERAL SITUATION OF CHINA DEVELOPMENT comparing the real-time data of Hebei coastal development ZONES zones (Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, Cangzhou) and Shandong For a country or a region, development zone has become coastal development zones (Yantai, Weihai), it turns out that a key point and hot topic in advancing economic and social there are some development bottlenecks in Hebei coastal development. There is still an opposition of the concept of development zones. For instance, there exists a low output, technology innovation environment and internationalization development zone abroad, but the cognition of development has to be improved. And then some thoughts and zone as the name for free trade zone, export processing zone, countermeasures to policy support, transportation advantage, science park and integrated economic zone has been technology innovation, combination of production, education confirmed as a common view [2] On the basis of this and scientific research, open foreign policy and the protection common view, the research has obvious interdisciplinary of the environment are brought forward to break through the features. In china, development zone mainly refers to bottleneck. economic and technological development zone. Domestic research findings are based on international reference, Keywords-Hebei coastal development zones; Shandong empirical analysis and summary of experience. The coastal development zones; development bottlenecks; corresponding researches promote the theoretical studies and countermeasures application practices. However, due to the limitations of new uniqueness and research approach, the research of I. INTRODUCTION development zone is still at the starting stage. The theoretical research of development model and innovation of “Development Planning for Hebei Coastal areas” has analytical method need to deepen. projected a planning, and that is to build an industrial The development zone emerged after opening and transfer transitional platform depending on Qinhuangdao reformation in our country. The development process of economic and technological development zone, Cangzhou development zone is the the process of China's opening-up. port-neighboring economic and technological development In 1980, the State Council constructed four special economic zone and Tangshan high-tech industrial development zones in coastal cities, such as Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou zone[1], Thus development zone has officially promoted the and Xiamen and gave them the special rights of finance, economic development of Hebei Coastal areas as leading revenue, foreign currency, import and export, land and labor regions. When finishing their growth period, Hebei Coastal and a series of favorable policies. Since 1984, the State areas have plunged into a stage of connotation improvement. Council authorized 14 national economic and technological At present, there are many constraints affecting their development zones successively. They aims to attract and development. So, the key to the expeditious and rational utilize the foreign capitals, exploit the foreign trade exports development of development zone is how to break through and develop modern industry. Since then the economic and the bottlenecks and to take it to the higher level. technological development zones in China have entered a brand-new development phase. With the rapid development of economic globalization, multiple forms of economic zones emerge in the world. The forms of development zones © 2013. The authors - Published by Atlantis Press 439 in the mainland of China also innovate continually. So far, above in Hebei coastal areas. It reaches 23.3% of the number there are 132 national economic and technological of development zones at the provincial level or above. development zones and 1232 economic and technological After nearly 30 years of development, the economic development zones at the provincial level or above. structure, industrial agglomeration effect, technological innovation ability and comprehensive strength of Hebei III. DEVELOPMENT PROCESS AND PRESENT SITUATION coastal development zones are further enhanced, the aspect OF HEBEI COASTAL DEVELOPMENT ZONES of comprehensive, balanced and sustainable economic and The development of Hebei development zones goes social development is in the leading place in the province. through four stages: The first is a stage of rapid development Henceforth development zones will further emancipate their (1984-2003). It showed a mushroom growth in number. minds, renew the ideas, concentrate the energy, There were 178 development zones. At the same time, part breakthrough the key points, step up the pace of opening of the problem was the excessive number, disordered development, promote the better development of the distribution, agglomerate industries and unobvious resource regional economics and society and exert the leading and sharing; The second is a stage of cleansing and rectification exemplary role of economic development zones in (2003-2006). For the phenomenon of appropriation of constructing “powerful province and harmonious Hebei”. cultivated land and violation of farmers‟profits in the name of economic and technological development zones, the State IV. THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF HEBEI COSTAL Council deploy all kinds of economic and technological DEVELOPMENT ZONES development zones to work on the cleansing and Hebei costal development zones was built up and rectification. Hebei province cut 130 provincial economic developed on the basis of absorbing the experience of and technological development zones and only 48 were left; China‟s own special economic zones and economic The third is a stage of stopped approval (2006-2009). The development zones, foreign industrial zones, export government stopped approving new economic and processing zone and trading free ports. It is an important technological development zones. Hebei province still content of implementing the opening strategy of our retained 48 economic and technological development zones; province. This particular history endues development zones The forth is a stage of approving new construction (2009- with particular mission. The development model of Hebei 2011). The State Council restarted to approve national coastal development zones depends on the government’s economic and technological development zones. The fiscal preferential policy, high dependence on international People‟s Government of Hebei Province newly approved 63 markets, labor-intensive industrial structure and perfect provincial economic and technological development infrastructure. zones[3]. The development zone has gained enormous achievemen Now Hebei province has 116 economic and -ts in introducing and utilizing foreign capitals, introducing technological development zones at the provincial level or foreign advanced technology and managerial experience and above including 7 national economic and technological driving regional economic development. The construction of development zones, 83 provincial development zones, 25 development zones steps up the strength of opening-up, provincial industrial parks and 1 new and high-tech enhances the attractiveness of foreign merchant, promotes development zone. The distribution of each city is that there the development of regional economy and contributes to the are 17 economic and technological development zones in reform and opening-up in our province. Entering the 12th Xingtai, 15 in Langfang, 13 in Shijiazhuang, 11 in Tangshan, Five-Year Programme period, Hebei coastal development 10 in Baoding, 10 in Hengshui, 9 in Cangzhou, 8 in zones are at a new starting point. Facing the unsustainable Zhangjiakou, 7 in Qinhuangdao and 2 in Chengde. In 2011, mode of economic growth, we are facing with the historic the province-wide economic and technological development opportunities and challenges. At present, Hebei coastal zones at the provincial level or above generated 22.9% of development zones have mostly completed the extensive gross regional production, 39.7% of industrial added value, startup phases and are entering the intensive overall 24.1% of fiscal revenue, 25.8% of fixed-asset investment, enhancing phases. In the new development journey, Hebei 42.4% of foreign capital, 56.7% of domestic capital and coastal development zones are widely facing the bottlenecks 51.9% of foreign trade export on less than 8% of area of of the reduced policy strength, international capital transfer, land. shortage of land resource, deficient driving force of Hebei coastal areas including the three areas under the technological innovation, growth of human resources cost, administration of Qinhuangdao, Tangshan and Cangzhou. In rising pressure of environmental protection, hysteretic social 2011, the population of the three cities reached about 17.55 undertaking and undefined development
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