UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO Avaliação Das

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UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO Avaliação Das UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO-USP Avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana, antisséptica e esterilizante de extratos e metabólitos de Baccharis dracunculifolia D. C. e Pinus elliottii Engelm CRISTIANE TEIXEIRA VILHENA BERNARDES RIBEIRÃO PRETO 2014 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO-USP Avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana, antisséptica e esterilizante de extratos e metabólitos de Baccharis dracunculifolia D. C. e Pinus elliottii Engelm Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Ciências Área de Concentração: Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Orientada: Cristiane Teixeira Vilhena Bernardes Orientador: Prof. Dr. Jairo Kenupp Bastos Versaão corrigida da Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas em 19/09/2014. A versão original encontra-se disponível na Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto/USP. RIBEIRÃO PRETO 2014 AUTORIZO A REPRODUÇÃO E DIVULGAÇÃO TOTAL OU PARCIAL DESTE TRABALHO, POR QUALQUER MEIO CONVENCIONAL OU ELETRÔNICO, PARA FINS DE ESTUDO E PESQUISA, DESDE QUE CITADA A FONTE. Bernardes, Cristiane Teixeira Vilhena Avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana, antisséptica e esterilizante de extratos e metabólitos de Baccharis dracunculifolia DC e Pinus elliottii Engelm. Ribeirão Preto, 2014. 167 p.; 30cm. Tese de Doutorado, apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto/USP – Área de concentração: Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Bastos, Jairo Kenupp. 1. B. dracunculifolia. 2. Antimicrobiano. 3. Esterilizante FOLHA DE APROVAÇÃO Nome do aluno: Cristiane Teixeira Vilhena Bernardes Título do trabalho: Avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana, antisséptica e esterilizante de extratos e metabólitos de Baccharis dracunculifolia DC e Pinus elliottii Engelm Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Ciências. Área de Concentração: Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Jairo Kenupp Bastos Aprovada em: ____/____/____. Banca Examinadora Prof.Dr. _____________________________________________________________ Instituição:________________________Assinatura:__________________________ Prof.Dr. _____________________________________________________________ Instituição:________________________Assinatura:__________________________ Prof.Dr. _____________________________________________________________ Instituição:________________________Assinatura:__________________________ Prof.Dr. _____________________________________________________________ Instituição:________________________Assinatura:__________________________ Prof.Dr. _____________________________________________________________ Instituição:________________________Assinatura:__________________________ DEDICO ESTE TRABALHO: Aos meus amados pais, Elisabeth e Luiz Augusto, que sempre estiveram do meu lado em todos os momentos, bons, ruins e nas aventuras malucas que eu já inventei para minha vida. Que sempre me deram força e amparo para continuar mesmo quando a vontade de desistir era grande. Vocês são exemplos de perseverança e força, minha base e meu porto seguro. Obrigada por cada palavra, cada gesto de carinho. Obrigada pelo apoio e amor incondicional sempre. AMO MUITO VOCÊS!!!! Aos meus irmãos Daniel e Iara, que mesmo distante estavam sempre perto do coração e presentes em pensamento. Pela paciência, compreensão, amizade, carinho e amor. Vocês são o meu orgulho e sou abençoada por tê-los em minha vida. Obrigada também por terem colocado em nossas vidas duas pessoas tão especiais como a Vaninha e o Marcelo. Amuuuu demais!!!!! Às minhas sobrinhas, Giovana, Maria Luisa e Isadora, pontinhos de luz em nossas vidas, que vieram para me mostrar o que é o amor puro e verdadeiro. Vocês são fonte de amor e alegria, amores lindos do meu coração. À minha família adotiva, minha irmã loira Ana Silvia, minhas irmãzinhas Ana Paula e Ana Lúcia, meus pais adotivos Tia Bia e Tio Cebola, que me acolheram desde antes de eu vir para Ribeirão Preto e que sempre estiveram comigo durante toda essa jornada. Vocês sempre serão minha família onde quer que eu esteja. Amo vocês. Às minhas avós Maria e Luzia, mulheres forte e exemplos de perseverança, por todo carinho, amor e orações sem cessar. Amor incondicional. AGRADECIMENTOS Ao Prof. Dr. Jairo Kenupp Bastos, pela acolhida e orientação durante a realização do trabalho. A Profa. Dra. Niege A. J. C. Furtado pela colaboração e apoio nos experimentos de microbiologia. Ao Prof. Dr. Carlos Henrique Gomes Martins, pela colaboração e apoio com a realização dos experimentos em seu laboratório. Ao Prof. Dr. Fernando Batista da Costa, pela disponibilidade e auxílio. À Profa. Dra. Maria José Fonseca Vieira e ao funcionário José Roberto Jabor pela ajuda e disponibilidade. Aos funcionários do laboratório de Farmacognosia Angélica, Walter Lopes e Mário, pelo apoio e por toda disponibilidade em ajudar sempre. Aos funcionários Izabel Cristina Casanova Turatti e José Carlos Tomaz pelas análises realizadas no NPPNS. Ao funcionário Vinícius Palaretti, pela dedicação e paciência na aquisição dos espectros de RMN. Ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto. À todos os funcionários da Pós Graduação, em especial Eleni e Rafael, muito obrigada pela ajuda e paciência sempre. À Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto e a todos os funcionários dessa instituição, que desde a minha chegada me acolheram e me ajudaram em tudo Aos funcionários da segurança e limpeza, que me socoreram em vários momentos, obrigada pela companhia aos finais de semana e feriados e por zelarem por mim e pelos meus amigos. À agência de fomento CAPES pela bolsa concedida no início do meu doutorado. Aos amigos e colegas do Laboratório de Farmacognosia Ana Paula, Anny, Bruno, Carol, Camila, Daniela Chagas, Danniela Faleiro, Eliane, Erick, Fabian, Federico, Felipe, Gari, Ingrid, Jéssica, João Luis, Jonas, Juliana, Lucas, Marcela, Marcelo, Marivane, Mariza, Mauro, Rejane, Ricardo Furtado, Ricardo Rodrigues, Rosana, Tatiane, Tiago. Muito obrigada pela acolhida, parceria e amizade sempre. Aos amigos de outros laboratórios Soninha, Fernanda, Fran, Johara, Fernando, Greyce, Ivan, Bianca, Gabi, João Henrique, Camila, Maria Elvira, Andrea. Aos participantes da comissão organizadora do V SINPOSPq, muito obrigada pela oportunidade de participar da organização desse evento e aprender tanto com a companhia de vocês. À todos os meus amigos que aceitaram minha ausência em várias ocasiões A todas as pessoas que de alguma forma contribuíram, direta ou indiretamente, para a realização deste trabalho. AGRADECIMENTO ESPECIAL Agradeço especialmente à Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP pela bolsa concedida através da aprovação do processo nº 2010/09861-0. A luta pela vida nem sempre é vantajosa aos fortes, nem aos espertos. Mas cedo ou mais tarde, quem cativa a vitória É aquele que crê plenamente: Eu conseguirei! Napoleon Hill i RESUMO BERNARDES,C.T.V. Avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana, antisséptica e esterilizante de extratos e metabólitos de Baccharis dracunculifolia DC e Pinus elliottii Engelm. 2014. 167p. Tese (Doutorado). Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto – Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2014. Baccharis dracunculifolia, conhecida popularmente como “alecrim do campo” é um arbusto lenhoso, nativo das regiões sul, sudeste e centro-oeste do Brasil, muito utilizada na medicina popular como agente anti-inflamatório e no tratamento de doenças gastrointestinais e úlceras, sendo relatadas ainda atividades antibacteriana, antifúngica e antiparasitária. Pinus elliottii é uma espécie exótica, que foi introduzida no sudeste brasileiro como espécie de reflorestamento e se espalhou rapidamente. As plantas desse gênero são ricas em componentes fenólicos e terpenos, dos quais alguns diterpenos apresentam atividade antimicrobiana. Com a ressurgência de micro-organismos resistentes à ação dos antimicrobianos, há interesse em se investigar novas substâncias para o tratamento de infecções tópicas e sistêmicas, bem como o desenvolvimento de produtos antissépticos ou esterilizantes, para serem empregados em ambientes domésticos, industriais e hospitalares. No presente estudo foram obtidos os extrato das partes aéreas e raízes de B. dracunculifolia (Extrato BD e BD-R) por meio de processo de maceração em solução hidroalcoólica 96:4 e o extrato do lavado glandular das folhas de B. dracunculifolia (BD-L). Os extratos foram submetidos a diferentes modalidades cromatográficas e avaliações antimicrobianas. O Extrato BD foi submetido a fracionamento em HSCCC (cromatografia de contracorrente em alta velocidade) associado a CLAE-PREP, fornecendo a flavona hispidulina, o flavononol aromadendrina 4’-O-metil éter e o fenilpropanoide ácido p-cumárico. A Fração BD-RH foi submetida a fracionamento por coluna clássica e duas das frações resultantes foram submetidas a processo de recristalização fornecendo os triterpenos óxido de baccharis e o friedelanol. Frações do extrato BD-L foram submetidas a fracionamento por cromatografia líquida a vácuo (CLV) e coluna clássica, resultando em 30 frações que foram submetidas a CLAE-PREP, fornecendo a flavanona isosakuranetina e o flavonol 3– O – metil - kaempferol. Obteve-se também o extrato da resina de P. elliottii que foi
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