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Formats of Korean Authors' Names Feature Formats of Korean Authors' Names Sunghee Han Korean characters. However, these days, examples of some family names as written many people write their children’s names in Korean characters (Hangul), Chinese Because English is the international lan- only in Korean. characters, the McCune-Reischauer sys- guage of science, South Korean scientists When Koreans write their names in tem, and the Revised Romanization of prefer to publish their work in English- English, they generally follow the order Korean. The names are listed from most language journals. However, because of of Western names, placing their given common to least common. differences between the Korean language name first and their family name last. Most South Koreans still write their (Hangul) and English, non-Korean editors Sometimes this causes confusion because names in the McCune-Reischauer system may be uncertain about how to list Korean many Westerners know the traditional because it has been used for several decades authors’ names. This article therefore order of East Asian names and some media and so is familiar. The Korean government describes the structure of Korean names, use Korean names in the original order. For lacks authority to require people to write discusses their romanization, and presents example, The Korea Times (an English-lan- their names in the Revised Romanization of observations and guidelines regarding for- guage newspaper in South Korea) places Korean. Transliteration of the same Korean mats of Korean authors’ names in English- the family name first and hyphenates name in different ways sometimes confuses language scientific journals. the two syllables of the given name (for both Western and Korean readers. example, Kim Dae-jung). The Economist, The Structure of Korean Names Time, and Newsweek write Korean names Romanization of Korean Names Hangul has 24 letters: 14 consonants and with the family name first but without a in Journals 10 vowels. A syllable consisting of a con- hyphen in the given name (for example, To see how South Korean scientists write sonant and a vowel is written as one char- Kim Dae Jung). their names in English, I looked at six acter. Thus, the Hangul writing system, In scientific journals, South Korean sci- South Korean scientific journals in a like the roman alphabet, can make many entists write their names in Western order. variety of fields: Bulletin of the Korean words by using a small number of letters. Sometimes they hyphenate their given Chemical Society, Journal of the Korean However, the sentence structure in Hangul name, and sometimes they do not. When Chemical Society, Journal of Korean Medical differs from that in English: a Korean sen- the given name is separated by a hyphen or Science, Journal of the Korean Society of tence contains a subject, then an object, a space, each syllable is usually capitalized. Oceanography, Journal of Microbiology, and and then a verb. Yonsei Medical Journal. Like Western names, Korean names Romanizing Korean Names None of the journals uses a specific sys- have two parts: a family name and a Outside Korea, Korean names have com- tem for romanizing Korean names. Authors given name. However, the order differs. In monly been written in English in the write their names in whichever system Korean names, the family name tradition- McCune-Reischauer system. It was officially they prefer. Some given names of authors ally comes first. It usually consists of one used as the Korean romanization system are hyphenated, others are not. Such syllable, and the given name is usually two from 1984 to 2000, when the South Korean variation in ways of writing Korean names syllables. For example, my given name is government began using the Revised also occurs in English-language journals Sunghee, and my family name is Han. Romanization of Korean. The new system published in the West, such as Sung-Kil In the Korean writing system, I write my was released by the Ministry of Culture and Lim, Hyun Chul Lee, and Hyeong Jin in name Han Sunghee. Tourism in South Korea. Archives of Internal Medicine. However, all There are exceptions. For example, some The revised system was devised to Korean names are placed with the given family names have two syllables, such as overcome problems with the McCune- name first, followed by the family name. Hwangbo, Seon-u, and Namgung; and Reischauer system, which uses many When given names are written as two some given names have one syllable, such breves and apostrophes and thus poses dif- separate words separated by a hyphen or as Gu, as in Kim Gu, a Korean politician. ficulties in keyboarding (example: jˇn'g˘m) a space, each word generally is capitalized. Because of the longstanding Chinese and which does not reflect the phonetic In references, given names are written in influence on Korea, most Korean people characteristics of Hangul. The new system initials. write their names in Chinese as well as is based on standard Korean pronunciation The following are some examples of and does not use breves and apostrophes. Korean authors’ names in journals: SUNGHEE HAN wrote this article while a There are about 300 Korean family • Examples containing given names with Science Editor intern. names. The accompanying table presents a hyphen: Science Editor • November – December 2005 • Vol 28 • No 6 • 189 Feature Korean names continued Wook-Jin Chae (Yonsei Medical Journal), Tai-Hyoung Kim (Bulletin Common Korean Family Names in Korean, Chinese, and English of the Korean Chemical Society), Jee- Young Park (Journal of Korean Medical Hangul Chinese McCune Reischauer Revised Romanization Science), Jin-Sook Park (Journal of character system of Korean Microbiology), Kil-Joong Yoon (Journal Kim Gim of the Korean Chemical Society). • Examples with given names as two sepa- Lee, Rhee Ri Yi I rate words without a hyphen: Jin Ho Hyun (Journal of the Korean Park, Pak Bak Chemical Society), Jung Ho Hyun (Journal of the Korean Society of Choi Choe Oceanography), Hye Soon Park Chong, Chung Jeong (Journal of Korean Medical Science). • Examples with given names as one Kang Gang word without a hyphen: Changyong Choi (Bulletin of the Cho Jo Korean Chemical Society), Hyoshik Kwon (Journal of the Korean Chemical Yoon Yun Society), Jongyoun Yi (Journal of Chang Jang Korean Medical Science). Despite the Revised Romanization of Ahn An Korean, the Romanization of Korean Ryu Ryu names is not standardized yet. Even in the Yoo Yu same journal, some Korean family names Cha Cha follow the McCune-Reischauer system (such as Yoon Seok Chang, Journal of with the usual format in English-language Reference Korean Medical Science), and others the journals. Korean scientists should spell 1. Han S. Science and science editing in South Korea. Revised Romanization of Korean (such as their names the same in all their scien- Sci Ed 2005;28:156-7. Tae Jung Jang, Journal of Korean Medical tific papers so that readers can recognize Science). South Koreans write their names them as the same person. Korean authors Additional Resource in English according to their personal are encouraged to use given names with Romanization of Korean. www.korea.net/ preference. a hyphen in English-language journals korea/kor_loca.asp?code=A020303. Regardless of how the name of a Korean because that format might help to distin- Accessed 2 April 2005. author is written, the given name should guish given names from family names. precede the family name for consistency 190 • Science Editor • November – December 2005 • Vol 28 • No 6.
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