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TOURIST ROUTES THROUGH SMALL HISTORIC CITIES of the REPUBLIC of TATARSTAN Ekaterina A

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TOURIST ROUTES THROUGH SMALL HISTORIC CITIES of the REPUBLIC of TATARSTAN Ekaterina A Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 8 - Nº 04 - Ano 2019 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 216 TOURIST ROUTES THROUGH SMALL HISTORIC CITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN Ekaterina A. Kazakova1 Linara A. Girfanova2 Alina Yagofarovna3 Abstract: The Republic of Tatarstan has small historical cities of Tatarstan. A a high tourist potential for further new tourist route was developed based development. Currently, economic, on the results of the study. All of this political and social reasons caused aimed to increase the tourist flow, changes in the tourist market. Interest in develop tourism in small historical cities domestic tourism increased. Domestic of Tatarstan and reinforce their positions travel begins to prevail over outbound as tourist centers. tourism in the structure of the tourist flow in Russia. Also, some growth is Keywords: tourist routes, small cities, seen in inbound tourism. Therefore, historic cities, Tatarstan, tourism current conditions create new development. opportunities for further development of tourism in the country and the need to INTRODUCTION create new tourist products. The article deals with possibilities of organizing Tourism is one of the most tourist routes in small historic cities of dynamic and perspective sectors of the Tatarstan. The main goal is to create economy. Strategy of Social and additional tourist attractions in the Economic Development of the Republic region. This is achieved by a of Tatarstan until 2030 reflects this comprehensive study of tourist resources aspect. Nowadays, much attention is and current tourism development of paid to development of the tourist 1 Kazan Federal University. Tel. +79600304582. Email: [email protected] 2 Kazan Federal University. 3 Kazan Federal University. Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 8 - Nº 04 - Ano 2019 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 217 infrastructure creation the brand and preferences. This explains the relevance promotion tourism product of Tatarstan. of the development of new tourist routes. The Republic has a high tourist potential for the development of various RESULTS AND DISCUSSION types of tourism. Among them rich cultural, historical and natural resources, The tourism industry of the developed infrastructure, ethnic and Republic of Tatarstan annually shows cultural identity, a large number of steady positive development dynamics. activities. However, not all of these The average increase in the tourist flow resources are used. Despite the number in the period from 2010 to 2016 is of historic cities, tourist flow is directed 14.4%. to Kazan, that is the main tourist center. Tatarstan is on the fifth place in The Great Bolgar and Sviyazhsk are also Russia in terms of the number of tourist popular. visits, behind Moscow, St. Petersburg, Current tourism trends create Krasnodar Area and the Republic of the prerequisites for further increase Crimea. number of tourist visit the republic. The tourist flow is distributed Thus, small historical cities will become unevenly among the tourist centers. tourist centers of Tatarstan. The amount More than half of the trips are in the city of domestic and inbound trips is of Kazan. Other popular destinations are increasing. This situation is caused by the Great Bolgar, Elabuga and the the economic and political conditions, as Island-Grad Sviyazhsk (Figure 1) well as changes in the tourists’ Fig. 1. Visits to the main tourist centers of the Republic of Tatarstan. Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 8 - Nº 04 - Ano 2019 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 218 Along with the growth of the 3. Most of the tourists come to Tatarstan general tourist flow to the republic, there for the first time (about 72%). is a positive dynamic in all above- 4. The average length of the trip is 2-3 mentioned centers. days (approximately 60%). Trips for tourism and recreation 5. Families with children under 16 prevail in Tatarstan, while business trips travels mainly in summer and winter. (27%) are mainly provided during the There are a lot of school groups during autumn. Domestic tourists are the largest the autumn. part of visitors. 6. The average family income of tourists Survey of people visiting the is 20-30 thousand rubles. republic showed that: Also, most tourists were 1. The republic is visited by determined by the points of interest and representatives of different ages, and a cultural program in the choice of their ratio varies depending on the destination. In the second place was the season. In the summer, most of tourists cost of travel. are young people up to 25 years old, in It is necessary to consider the the autumn - middle-aged people (26-35 potential impact of external factors on years old), in New Year's holidays - tourism activities. The impact of these people aged 46-60 years old. factors is presented in the following 2. About 50% of tourists come to PEST-analysis (Table 1). Tatarstan by train. Table 1: PEST-analysis of tourism development in Tatarstan Politics 1. Realization of the state program "Development of tourism and hospitality in the Republic of Tatarstan for 2014-2020"; 2. Active actions of public authorities in the development of tourism, tourist infrastructure and promotion tourism product; 3. Establishment of State Committee of the Republic of Tatarstan for Tourism; 4. Closing of several popular international tourist destinations Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 8 - Nº 04 - Ano 2019 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 219 for Russian tourists (Turkey, Egypt); 5. Decline of Russian-Turkish relations; 6. Stable political situation in the region. Economics 1. Changes in the structure of the tourist market; 2. Increasing demand for domestic tourism; 3. A few tour operators and airlines have finished operations 4. Uncertainty of the exchange rate; 5. The appreciation of the dollar and the euro, the major currencies when calculating on international routes; 6. Increase in inflation; 7. Difficult economic situation, rising costs for basic consumer goods. Social sphere 1. Major events; 2. Social stability in the region; 3. High mobility of the population; 4. Growth of popularity of domestic tourism; 5. Increase attention to education among the residents, including in the service sector; 6. Changing the preferences and expectations of tourists (interest in visiting new places, the opportunity to learn something new, to gain unique experience, unforgettable emotions and vivid memories, etc.) Technologies 1. Development of tourist, transport and engineering infrastructure; 2. Construction of high-speed road Moscow-Kazan; 3. Creation, modernization and classification of accommodation facilities. Table 1 shows that significant tourist flows. These changes are caused changes in the tourism market are taking by closure of popular destinations and place because of the redistribution of variability of the exchange rate. In this Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 8 - Nº 04 - Ano 2019 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 220 regard, outbound flow declined, while and creates prerequisites for creation of a interest in domestic tourism increased. new tourist product. Moreover, tourist product of Tatarstan is Analysis strengths and weaknesses of becoming more accessible for foreign tourism in the Republic of Tatarstan is tourists. These conditions contribute to presented in Table 2. growth interest in Tatarstan, tourist flow Table 2: SWOT-analysis of tourism development in Tatarstan Strengths Weaknesses 1. Advantageous geographical 1. Insufficient awareness of Tatarstan location; as a tourist destination; 2. Transport accessibility; 2. Inadequately developed cruise 3. High cultural and historical infrastructure; potential (2 UNESCO sites, 13 historical 3. Unsatisfactory competitiveness of cities, etc.); the republican tourist product; 4. Ethnic identity, a mix of different 4. Lack of variety in the tourist cultures (primarily Russian and Tatar) product of the republic; 5. Presence of religious objects of 5. The unevenness of the various faiths; involvement of the regions and tourist 6. The presence of unique natural resources in the tourism industry; objects (Volga-Kama Reserve, etc.); 6. Seasonality of the tourist flow; 7. Resources for organizing various 7. Lack of preparation of service types of tourism; staff. 8. Active developing infrastructure; 9. Position and activities of the leadership of the Republic of Tajikistan, aimed at the development of tourism; 10. Carrying out various, including international, events; 11. National cuisine. Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 8 - Nº 04 - Ano 2019 – Special Edition ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 221 Opportunities Threats 1. The Republic of Tatarstan is a new 1. Insufficient development
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