DOCSLIB.ORG

Hymenoptera: Braconidae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hymenoptera: Braconidae PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 112(1), 2010, pp. 61–68 STANTONIA PALLIDA (ASHMEAD) (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) REARED FROM NEOMUSOTIMA CONSPURCATALIS WARREN (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE), A CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OF LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM (CAV.) R. BR. (POLYPODIALES: LYGODIACEAE) ROBERT R. KULA,ANTHONY J. BOUGHTON, AND ROBERT W. PEMBERTON (RRK) Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Plant Sciences Institute, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]); (AJB, RWP) Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 3225 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33314 U.S.A. (e-mail: AJB [email protected], RWP [email protected]) Abstract.—Stantonia pallida (Ashmead) sensu Braet and Quicke (2004) is reported from Neomusotima conspurcatalis Warren (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a classical biological control agent of Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. (Polypodiales: Lygodiaceae) in Florida. It is the first reported parasitoid of N. conspurcatalis. One undetermined species each of Cotesia Cameron, Glyptapan- teles Ashmead, and Rhygoplitis Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are likely parasitoids of N. conspurcatalis but need to be confirmed through rearing from host larvae isolated individually. The use of S. pallida, under the name Stantonia lamprosemae Muesebeck, for control of Diaphania hyalinata (Linnaeus) and Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Florida is reviewed and used to illustrate the importance of systematics and natural history collections to classical biological control. The potential effects of these parasitoids on control of L. microphyllum in Florida are discussed. Key Words: Cotesia, Glyptapanteles, host record, invasive species, melonworm, Microgastrinae, nontarget effects, Old World climbing fern, Omiodes indicata, Orgilinae, pickleworm, Rhygoplitis, soybean leaffolder DOI: 10.4289.0013.8797.112.1.253.61 Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Palearctic regions (Pemberton 1998). It Br., Old World climbing fern, is an was first collected in Florida in 1958 invasive weed in Florida. It is endemic (Beckner 1968), but the earliest record to tropical and subtropical areas of the of it occurring as a naturalized plant in Australasian, Oriental, Oceanic, and the state is 1965 (Nauman and Austin 1978, Pemberton and Ferriter 1998). Its * Accepted by Michael W. Gates south to north range in Florida as of 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 2006 was from Monroe County to L. microphyllum, and reiterate the Volusia County (Ferriter and Pernas importance of systematics and national 2006), an area that covers approximate- history collections to classical biologi- ly the southern two-thirds of peninsular cal control. Florida. It is listed as a noxious weed (DPI-FDACS 2006) and Class I invasive MATERIALS AND METHODS species (FLEPPC 2007) in Florida. Braconids reared in this study were Pemberton and Ferriter (1998), Pember- from N. conspurcatalis larvae collected ton et al. (2002), and Hutchinson et al. from August 2008 to March 2009 on L. (2006) detailed the characteristics that microphyllum in Jonathan Dickinson make this plant invasive, the threat it State Park, Martin County, Florida. At poses to ecosystems and natural resourc- each release site, collections of 50 es in Florida, methods used for control, mixed-instar N. conspurcatalis larvae and ecological/economic loss associated were made into 48-oz (20 3 20 3 6-cm) with the plant. Given the ineffectiveness clear plastic deli boxes (Genpakt, Glen of mechanical removal and prescribed Falls, NY) by clipping off individual burning and expense of chemical con- caterpillar-infested pinnae (leaflets) of trol, classical biological control is con- L. microphyllum. The second author sidered the best option for long-term examined collections under a stereomi- control (Pemberton 1998, Hutchinson et croscope in the laboratory to confirm al. 2006) and was initiated in 1997 the identity and number of N. conspur- (Pemberton et al. 2002). After foreign catalis larvae and ensure that no exploration for candidate biological unhatched eggs or other host species control agents (Pemberton et al. 2002, were in the boxes. All larvae were Goolsby et al. 2003) and host range active at the initial laboratory examina- testing of select agents (Goolsby et al. tion, and ectoparasitoids were not 2003, Goolsby et al. 2005, Boughton et observed. Lygodium microphyllum fo- al. 2009), the crambid Neomusotima liage was added to the rearing boxes as conspurcatalis Warren, known from the food for N. conspurcatalis larvae, and it Australasian, Oriental, and Palearctic was examined prior to addition to insure regions (Goolsby et al. 2003, Solis et al. that no other eggs or insect hosts were 2004), was released in Florida in 2007 introduced. Collections were incubated (Boughton et al. 2009) and has now in the laboratory at 258C and checked established populations at release sites daily for parasitoid emergence. The in southern Florida (Boughton and second author observed, after the initial Pemberton In press). examination, five unusually swollen and The second author recently reared the lethargic N. conspurcatalis larvae from orgiline braconid Stantonia pallida the March 2009 collection and placed (Ashmead) from field-collected N. con- them in separate vials to associate each spurcatalis larvae feeding on L. micro- parasitoid with its host. phyllum in Florida and also reared Specimens of Braconidae were dehy- microgastrine braconids in the genera drated following Heraty and Hawks Cotesia Cameron, Glyptapanteles Ash- (1998) and subsequently identified to mead, and Rhygoplitis Mason that are genus using keys in Achterberg (1997) likely parasitoids of N. conspurcatalis and Whitfield (1997). Stantonia pallida on L. microphyllum. The objectives of was identified initially using the key this article are to report these host and diagnosis in Braet and Quicke records, discuss how parasitism of N. (2004). The identification was con- conspurcatalis might affect control of firmed through comparison to the holo- VOLUME 112, NUMBER 1 63 type and five paratypes of Stantonia lamprosemae Muesebeck, a junior syn- onym of S. pallida (Braet and Quicke 2004), as well as 12 specimens of S. pallida determined by Y. Braet. All specimens used for comparison are in the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washing- ton, DC (USNM). The specimens reared from N. conspurcatalis are deposited in the Florida State Collec- tion of Arthropods, Gainesville (FSCA) and the USNM. The following abbrevi- ations are used for label data: collected (coll.), county (Co.), and emerged (em.). RESULTS Five specimens of S. pallida (Figs. 1– 2) were reared from N. conspurcatalis larvae. Host remains are associated with specimen JD11 (see label data below). Five specimens of Microgastrinae were also reared from host plant material infested with N. conspurcatalis larvae. However, hosts were not isolated indi- vidually, and thus, host remains are not are not associated with the specimens. Stantonia pallida is the first record of a parasitoid from N. conspurcatalis, and the microgastrines are likely parasitoids of N. conspurcatalis. The first author identified three female microgastrines as undetermined species of Cotesia, Glyp- tapanteles, and Rhygoplitis. The other two microgastrines appear to be con- specific with one another but are males and thus could not be identified to genus using Whitfield (1997). All were sent to J. B. Whitfield (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) for further identifi- cation and are labeled with the follow- ing data: all FLORIDA: Martin Co., Figs. 1–2. Stantonia pallida. 1, Female. 2, Jonathan Dickinson State Park, 5 mi N Male. Scale bars ¼ 1.0 mm. Jupiter, A. J. Boughton, ex Neomusoti- ma conspurcatalis on Lygodium micro- teles det. Kula 2009; 1 ? parasitoid phyllum;1/ parasitoid JD2, site JD44, JD3, same data as previous except em. 27800.3930N 080808.1450W, coll. 11.ii.2009 [undetermined male]; 1 / 23.i.2009 em. 10.ii.2009, Glyptapan- parasitoid JD6, site JD25, 27801.7440N 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 080808.2370W, coll. 23.i.2009 em. from South America (Brazil, Colombia, 14.ii.2009, Rhygoplitis det. Kula 2009; Paraguay, Venezuela) and North Amer- 1 ? parasitoid JD5, same data as ica (Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, previous except em. 12.ii.2009 [unde- Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, termined male]; 1 / parasitoid JD7, Puerto Rico, United States). Stantonia same data as previous except em. pallida has been reported, under the 15.ii.2009, Cotesia det. Kula 2009 name S. lamprosemae, from the pyralids (USNM). Diaphania hyalinata (Linnaeus) (mel- The specimens of S. pallida are onworm) and Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll) labeled with the following data: all (pickleworm) (Frank and McCoy 1993) FLORIDA: Martin Co., Jonathan Dick- and the crambid Omiodes indicata inson State Park, 5 mi N Jupiter, site Fabricius (soybean leaffolder) (Muese- JD24, 27800.5100N 080807.6900W, A. J. beck 1938). Boughton, ex Neomusotima conspurca- Stantonia pallida, under the name S. talis on Lygodium microphyllum, Stan- lamprosemae, was imported from Co- tonia pallida (Ashmead) det. Kula 2008 lombia and released in Florida to control or 2009; 1 ? parasitoid JD1, coll. D. hyalinata and D. nitidalis, pests of 23.x.2008 em. 12.xi.2008; 1 ? parasitoid cucurbit
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download Download
    Agr. Nat. Resour. 54 (2020) 499–506 AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES Journal homepage: http://anres.kasetsart.org Research article Checklist of the Tribe Spilomelini (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) in Thailand Sunadda Chaovalita,†, Nantasak Pinkaewb,†,* a Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand b Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaengsaen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand Article Info Abstract Article history: In total, 100 species in 40 genera of the tribe Spilomelini were confirmed to occur in Thailand Received 5 July 2019 based on the specimens preserved in Thailand and Japan. Of these, 47 species were new records Revised 25 July 2019 Accepted 15 August 2019 for Thailand. Conogethes tenuialata Chaovalit and Yoshiyasu, 2019 was the latest new recorded Available online 30 October 2020 species from Thailand. This information will contribute to an ongoing program to develop a pest database and subsequently to a facilitate pest management scheme in Thailand. Keywords: Crambidae, Pyraustinae, Spilomelini, Thailand, pest Introduction The tribe Spilomelini is one of the major pests in tropical and subtropical regions. Moths in this tribe have been considered as The tribe Spilomelini Guenée (1854) is one of the largest tribes and the major pests of economic crops such as rice, sugarcane, bean belongs to the subfamily Pyraustinae, family Crambidae; it consists of pods and corn (Khan et al., 1988; Hill, 2007), durian (Kuroko 55 genera and 5,929 species worldwide with approximately 86 genera and Lewvanich, 1993), citrus, peach and macadamia, (Common, and 220 species of Spilomelini being reported in North America 1990), mulberry (Sharifi et.
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Information Files
    Supporting Information Files Appendix S1 Definitions of the metrics used in this study to describe network structure. Network level parameters: (1) Species richness. Total number of plants and animals in the bipartite network. (2) Connectance. Realized proportion of possible links: sum of links divided by number of cells in the matrix (the latter being the product between the number of higher trophic level species –animals, in our case- and the number of lower trophic level species –plants, in our case). (3) Interaction asymmetry (or interaction strength asymmetry). Difference between the interaction strength (i.e. the relative frequency) of each animal species i on each plant species j and its reverse from the plant perspective, standardized by the sum of interaction strength values of species i on j and of species j on i (Bascompte et al. 2006; extended by Blüthgen 2010). Values vary between −1 and 1, where positive values indicate a high dependence of animal on plant species and negative values indicate the opposite. Given that this variable, by its mathematical definition, is closely associated with web asymmetry, this correlation is accounted with null models (see further details in Blüthgen 2010). Thus, for each network in the data set, we computed 1000 randomized interaction matrices simulated with the Patefield algorithm, which randomly redistributes interaction events among all cells of the matrix while holding the number of interaction events per species constant. Thus, web asymmetries were held constant in all simulated networks, while interactions were reallocated between pairs of species according to species interaction frequencies. The difference between observed asymmetries of interaction strength and the mean asymmetry of interaction strength across the 1000 simulations gives the null- model-corrected asymmetry of interaction strength.
    [Show full text]
  • Autographa Gamma
    1 Table of Contents Table of Contents Authors, Reviewers, Draft Log 4 Introduction to the Reference 6 Soybean Background 11 Arthropods 14 Primary Pests of Soybean (Full Pest Datasheet) 14 Adoretus sinicus ............................................................................................................. 14 Autographa gamma ....................................................................................................... 26 Chrysodeixis chalcites ................................................................................................... 36 Cydia fabivora ................................................................................................................. 49 Diabrotica speciosa ........................................................................................................ 55 Helicoverpa armigera..................................................................................................... 65 Leguminivora glycinivorella .......................................................................................... 80 Mamestra brassicae....................................................................................................... 85 Spodoptera littoralis ....................................................................................................... 94 Spodoptera litura .......................................................................................................... 106 Secondary Pests of Soybean (Truncated Pest Datasheet) 118 Adoxophyes orana ......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Succession of Major Insect Pests of French Bean (Phaselous Vulgaris Linn.) in Relation to Crop Stage MAHESH*1, JEMLA NAIK, D.2, DHARMANNA, K.1 and A.H
    Advances1906 in Life Sciences 5(5), Print : ISSN 2278-3849,Advances 1906-1909, in Life Sciences 2016 5(5), 2016 Succession of Major Insect Pests of French Bean (Phaselous vulgaris Linn.) in Relation to Crop Stage MAHESH*1, JEMLA NAIK, D.2, DHARMANNA, K.1 AND A.H. JAYAPPA2 1Department of Agricultural Entomology, UAS, Raichur-584 104 2Department of Agricultural Entomology, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru-560 065 *email: [email protected] ABSTRACT In order to evolve economically feasible, ecologically sound and socially acceptable pest The present investigation was carried out during Kharif and Rabi 2014-15 at College of Agriculture, management strategies, sequence of appearance of Vishveswaraiah Canal Farm, Mandya, Karnataka. The insect pest during the crop period is of great study revealed that the succession of major insect importance in a particular set of climatic conditions pests population of different insect pest species (Jayanthi et al. 1993). Since no much information appeared on the crop from seedling stage till pod available on insect pest on the French bean, studies maturation (15-70 days after sowing) and the were under taken to ascertain the succession of maximum number of insect pests infested the crop insect pest on this crop. during vegetative and flowering stage and the crop was continuously attacked by one or more pests. MATERIAL AND METHODS Major pests found infesting the crop were Bean leaf The study was carried out under field webworm (Omiodes indicata), Spotted pod borer conditions, to know the pest scenario of French (Maruca vitrata), Stem fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli), Flea beans during both Kharif and Rabi season (2014- beetle (Monolepta signata), Aphids (Aphis 15).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Modern Threats to the Lepidoptera Fauna in The
    MODERN THREATS TO THE LEPIDOPTERA FAUNA IN THE FLORIDA ECOSYSTEM By THOMSON PARIS A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 2011 Thomson Paris 2 To my mother and father who helped foster my love for butterflies 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I thank my family who have provided advice, support, and encouragement throughout this project. I especially thank my sister and brother for helping to feed and label larvae throughout the summer. Second, I thank Hillary Burgess and Fairchild Tropical Gardens, Dr. Jonathan Crane and the University of Florida Tropical Research and Education center Homestead, FL, Elizabeth Golden and Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park, Leroy Rogers and South Florida Water Management, Marshall and Keith at Mack’s Fish Camp, Susan Casey and Casey’s Corner Nursery, and Michael and EWM Realtors Inc. for giving me access to collect larvae on their land and for their advice and assistance. Third, I thank Ryan Fessendon and Lary Reeves for helping to locate sites to collect larvae and for assisting me to collect larvae. I thank Dr. Marc Minno, Dr. Roxanne Connely, Dr. Charles Covell, Dr. Jaret Daniels for sharing their knowledge, advice, and ideas concerning this project. Fourth, I thank my committee, which included Drs. Thomas Emmel and James Nation, who provided guidance and encouragement throughout my project. Finally, I am grateful to the Chair of my committee and my major advisor, Dr. Andrei Sourakov, for his invaluable counsel, and for serving as a model of excellence of what it means to be a scientist.
    [Show full text]
  • Check List Lists of Species Check List 11(5): 1752, 30 September 2015 Doi: ISSN 1809-127X © 2015 Check List and Authors
    11 5 1752 the journal of biodiversity data 30 September 2015 Check List LISTS OF SPECIES Check List 11(5): 1752, 30 September 2015 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.5.1752 ISSN 1809-127X © 2015 Check List and Authors New and recent records of moth and butterfly species (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Praslin and Mahé Islands, Seychelles Ivan Bolotov1*, Vitaly Spitsyn1, 2, Yulia Kolosova1 and Alisa Vlasova1 1 Institute of Ecological Problems of the North of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Museum of Biodiversity Hotspots, 23 Severnoy Dviny Emb., 163000 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation 2 Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Department of Zoology and Ecology, 17 Severnoy Dviny Emb., 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: We report recent records of 17 Lepidoptera The taxonomy, species composition, faunal affinities, species from 15 genera and 11 families, which were and biology of lepidopterans of the granitic Seychelles collected on the Inner Seychelles in January 2013. From islands were discussed in numerous works (Fletcher Praslin Island, 11 species, including two Seychelles 1910; Legrand 1965; Lionnet 1984; Floater 1993; Lawrence endemics, were recorded for the first time. These records 2000; Matyot 2005; Gerlach and Matyot 2006; Woods have significantly expanded the list of the lepidopteran 2013; Bolotov et al. 2014a, 2014b). For certain butterfly fauna of Praslin to 54 species. Four species were newly species, the life cycle, daily activity, habitat preference, collected after a long-term (ca. 50 years) absence of their larval and imago feeding sources, and morphological specimens in samples from the Seychelles archipelago.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Report on Crambid Moths (Lepidopterta: Pyraloidea
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(6): 778-781 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Preliminary report on crambid moths JEZS 2017; 5(6): 778-781 © 2017 JEZS (Lepidopterta: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) from Received: 11-09-2017 Accepted: 14-10-2017 different places in Tamil Nadu S Rathikannu Ph.D Scholar, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil S Rathikannu and N Chitra Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract A preliminary study on the occurrence of crambid moths in various locations of Tamil Nadu viz., N Chitra Kodaikanal (10°12.329’N 077°20.257’E), Ooty (11°24.87’N 76°44.122’E), Yercaud (11°47.73’N Associate Professor, Department 078°12.710’E) and Coimbatore (76°55.759N 11°00.986’E) was carried out. A total of 42 species of of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Crambidae were recorded. Among them, the subfamily Spilomelinae was the dominant group with 37 University, Coimbatore, Tamil species followed by Pyraustinae, Crambinae and Cybalomiinae. Nadu, India Keywords: pyraloidea, crambidae, light trap, forest ecosystem, Distribution 1. Introduction The order Lepidoptera is the second largest order with over 1, 60,000 [1] described species of which over 12,000 species are recorded from India [2]. The superfamily Pyraloidea is the third [3] largest-having more than 16,000 described species worldwide . The familial composition of the Pyraloidea has changed markedly over the past 30 years, with a general decrease in the number of families and currently with only two families, Pyralidae and Crambidae. At the generic level, the family Pyralidae contains 1,067 genera and 6,233 described species and [4] Crambidae contains 9,654 species classified into 1,018 genera but many more species are undescribed, especially in the tropics.
    [Show full text]
  • Cardona Ch 22 Bean Insects
    Chapter 22 INSECTS AND OTHER INVERTEBRATE BEAN PESTS IN LATIN AMERICA Cesar Cardona* Introduction As with other crops, insects and other pests affect common or dry bean production before and after harvest. Many species have been listed as pests of common beans (King and Saunders, 1984; Manria and Cortez, 1975; Ruppel and Idrobo, 1962). The few that are recognized as economically important pests are listed in Table 1 according to their main feeding habits. The given division cannot be maintained strictly because the Mexican bean beetle and chryso- melids may also attack young pods while pod borers such as Epinotia and Heliothis, may also feed on leaves and buds. Slugs and spider mites are not insects but are listed because of their economic importance in certain areas. This chapter updates pertinent literature available on bean pests in Latin America, with emphasis on bean-pest ecology and non- chemical control methods. Emphasis is also given to those insects or pest situations for which valuable, new information has been published since 1980 (van Schoonhoven and Cardona, 1980). Geographical Distribution of Important Bean Pests A simplified distribution of the principal bean pests in Latin America is shown in Figure A. Documentation on the bean-pest complex has improved since 1980. New authoritative descriptive reviews have been published. Table 2 lists general references on the insect fauna registered on beans in Latin America. * Entomologist, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (C1AT), Cali, Colombia. 505 Table 1. Major insect and invertebrate bean pests found in Latin America. Feeding norm and Scientific name common name Seedling-attacking insects Seedcorn maggot Delia platura (Meigen) Cutworms Agrotis ipsilon, Spodoptera exigua (Hiibner) White grubs, crickets Phyllophaga mentriesi (Blanchard), Gryllus assimilis F.
    [Show full text]
  • Using the Literature to Evaluate Parasitoid Host Ranges
    Biological Control 31 (2004) 280–295 www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Using the literature to evaluate parasitoid host ranges: a case study of Macrocentrus grandii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) introduced into North America to control Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) E.A.B. De Nardoa, K.R. Hopperb,* a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Brazilian Quarantine Laboratory for Biological Control Agents, Jaguariuna, 13820.000, Cx Postal 69, Sao Paulo, Brazil b Beneficial Insect Introductions Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Newark, DE 19713, USA Received 31 December 2003; accepted 8 July 2004 Available online 19 August 2004 Abstract We propose a method for using the literature to evaluate host ranges of parasitoids that are candidates for biological control introductions. Data on the parasitoids that attack a given host species can be used as negative evidence concerning the candidate whose host range is being evaluated. By compiling studies for a variety of host species, one can delineate those taxa unlikely to be attacked by the candidate. Using a retrospective case study of a parasitoid introduced into North America, we describe (1) this approach to using the literature to evaluate host range and (2) how well predictions based on such an evaluation match actual host range. Based on the host range of Macrocentrus grandii in Eurasia as reported in the literature, we predicted that the species in the genus Ostrinia are the most likely hosts. Of native North American species, Ostrinia obumbratalis is the only non-target species likely to be attacked by M. grandii. The predicted host range for North America matched the actual host range found in the field.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Pest Management in the Tropics This Publication Was Produced As Part of a Joint Collaborative Project Between the Following
    "4 41 Integrated Pest Management in the Tropics This publication was produced as part of a joint collaborative project between the following: THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY (ICIPE) P0 Box 30772 Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: 254 2 802501/3/9 Fax: 254 2 803360 E-mail: icipecgner.com THE UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (UNEP) PU Box 30552 Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: 254 2 621234 Fax: 254 2 226890 The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations or ICJPE. Integrated Pest Management in the Tropics Current Status and Future Prospects Edited by ANNALEE N. MENGECH KAILASH N. SAXENA The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) tHREMAGALUR N.B. GOPALAN The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) \ c' AM ,4-. Published on behalf of The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) by JOHN WILEY & SONS Chichester - New York Brisbane Toronto Singapore Copyright © 1995 by IJNEP Published in 1995 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Baf6ns Lane, Chichester, West Sussex P019 IUD, England Telephone National 01243 779777 International (+ 44) 1243 779777 All rights reserved. No part of this hook may he reproduced by any means, or transmitted, or translated into a machine language without the written permission of the puhisher. Other Wiley iiditorial Offices - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, USA Jacaranda Wiley Ltd, 33 Park Road, Milton, Queensland 4064, Australia John Wiley & Sons (Canada) Ltd, 22 Worcester Road, Rexdale, Ontario M9W ILl, Canada John Wiley & Sons (SEA) Pte Ltd, 37 Jalan Pernimpin 05-04, Block B, Union Industrial Building, Singapore 2057 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Integrated pest management in the tropics 7 current status and future prospects / edited by Annalec N.
    [Show full text]
  • Ep 3111763 A1
    (19) TZZ¥___¥_T (11) EP 3 111 763 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 04.01.2017 Bulletin 2017/01 A01N 43/58 (2006.01) A01N 43/653 (2006.01) A01P 7/00 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 15175092.4 (22) Date of filing: 02.07.2015 (84) Designated Contracting States: (71) Applicant: BASF Agro B.V. AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB 6835 EA Arnhem (NL) GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR (72) Inventor: Mazuir, Florent Designated Extension States: 68165 Mannheim (DE) BA ME Designated Validation States: (74) Representative: BASF IP Association MA BASF SE ZRX-C6 67056 Ludwigshafen (DE) (54) PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A TRIAZOLE COMPOUND (57) The present invention relates to pesticidal compositions and uses and methods for combatting harmful pests using the inventive compositions, such as phythopathogenic fungi and/or for the control of insects, acarids or nematodes. Furthermore, the present invention provides methods for improving the health of a plant using the inventive compositions. EP 3 111 763 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 3 111 763 A1 Description [0001] The present invention relates to pesticidal compositions and uses and methods for combatting harmful pests using the inventive compositions, such as phythopathogenic fungi and/or for the control of insects, acarids or nematodes. 5 Furthermore, the present invention provides methods for improving the health of a plant using the inventive compositions.
    [Show full text]
  • And Phylogenetic Analysis of Pyraloidea
    insects Article The First Mitogenomes of the Subfamily Odontiinae (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) and Phylogenetic Analysis of Pyraloidea Mujie Qi 1, Huifeng Zhao 2,3 , Fang Yu 4, Aibing Zhang 3 and Houhun Li 1,* 1 College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; [email protected] 2 Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Diversity, College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang 065000, China; [email protected] 3 College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; [email protected] 4 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Molecule, School of Life Sciences, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 211200, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: The Odontiinae is a small group in the Pyraloidea comprised of 388 species in 88 genera, but externally, these moths are diverse, including heterogeneous maculation and a size range from 9 to 50 mm in total wingspan. The monophyly of Pyraloidea and the two families (Pyralidae and Crambidae) is well supported by phylogenetic analyses based on morphology and molecular data of multiple nuclear genes. However, only a few mito-phylogenetic analyses have been conducted and no mitogenome of Odontiinae species has been reported. Three complete mitogenomes of odontiine species were sequenced and analyzed for the first time herein. The results showed that Odontiinae mitogenomes shared similar genomic characters with other Pyraloidea. The phylogenetic analyses based on 13 PCGs of mitogenomes confirmed the monophyly of Odontiinae and its position Citation: Qi, M.; Zhao, H.; Yu, F.; within Crambidae. Zhang, A.; Li, H. The First Mitogenomes of the Subfamily Abstract: The complete mitochondrial genomes of three species of Odontiinae were newly sequenced: Odontiinae (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) Dausara latiterminalis Yoshiyasu, Heortia vitessoides (Moore), and Pseudonoorda nigropunctalis (Hamp- and Phylogenetic Analysis of son).
    [Show full text]