DOCSLIB.ORG

The Archaeological Investigation of Walter C. Pierce Community Park and Vicinity, 2005-2012: Report to the Public, May 2013

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

The Archaeological Investigation of Walter C. Pierce Community Park and Vicinity, 2005-2012: Report to the Public, May 2013 Mark Mack, Principal Investigator, Howard University Mary Belcher, Independent Historian DEDICATION This report is dedicated to Mark Mack, the leader of the Walter Pierce Park Archaeology Project from 2005 to 2012; to the men, women and children whose remains were buried in the cemeteries at Walter Pierce Park; to the descendants of those buried; and to others whose sense of kinship to those buried endures. SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS: Justin Dunnavant Shayla Monroe Eleanor King Barbara Bates Jen Muller Rachel Watkins ARCHIVES AND LIBRARIES USED IN THIS INVESTIGATION: National Archives and Records Administration Howard University Founders Library and Moorland-Spingarn Research Center District of Columbia Archives Friends (Quakers) Meeting of Washington Files Smithsonian Institution Archives Family Research Center, Church of Latter Day Saints, Kensington, Maryland Library of Congress Martin Luther King Library Washingtoniana Room Cleveland Park Public Library Historical Society of Washington, D.C. Massachusetts Historical Society on-line Diaries of John Quincy Adams Sandy Spring, Maryland, Museum Library Genealogybank.com (on-line archives) Ancestry.com (on-line archives) Fold3.com (on-line archives) Accessiblearchives.com (on-line archives) Heritage Quest (on-line archives) THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF WALTER C. PIERCE COMMUNITY PARK AND VICINITY, 2005-2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………... 1 Location and Condition of the Walter Pierce Park Site …………….. …………… 1 Research Design ………………………………………………………………….. 5 THE HISTORY OF THE SITE The Quaker Burying Ground Is Established, 1807 ……………………………………….. 7 Use and Ownership of the Land Surrounding the Quaker Cemetery, 1807-1870 … 8 1809-1823: Roger and George Johnson and the Columbia Mills……………... 8 1823-1870: John Quincy Adams and the Mills………………………………... 8 1862-1865: Cliffburne Hospital……………………………………………….. 10 The Invalid Corps at Cliffburne………………………………………….... 12 1870: The Adams Heirs Sell to the Colored Union Benevolent Association…. 13 Mt. Pleasant Plains Cemetery: Benevolent Beginnings…………………………………… 14 The Association and Slavery ……………………………………………………… 16 The Free Young Men’s Cemetery at 12th & V Streets N.W., 1849-1870 ………… 17 The Free Young Men Become the Colored Union Benevolent Association; a New Cemetery Is Established …………………………………………… 18 The Physical Appearance of the Quaker and African American Cemeteries …………….. 20 Size and Topography ……………………………………………………………… 20 The Physical Appearance of the Quaker Cemetery 1807-1890 …………………. 20 Quaker Burial Customs …………………………………………………………… 21 The Physical Appearance of Mt. Pleasant Plains Cemetery 1870-1890 ………….. 22 African American Burial Customs …………………………………………………24 The Names and Number of Those Buried in the Cemeteries ……………………………... 26 The Closure of Mt. Pleasant Plains Cemetery, 1890 ……………………………………… 33 The Closure of the Quaker Cemetery, 1890 ………………………………………………. 37 The Cemeteries in the 20th Century: Dissolution, Disruption, and Disappearance .………37 The Widening of Adams Mill Road, 1904 ………………………………………… 37 The Heirs’ Legal Efforts to Sell the Land, 1903-1941……………………………. 38 Charles H. Shorter Seeks to Dissolve the Association, 1913 …………………….. 39 Western Hillside Sold for Rock Creek and Potomac Parkway, 1929 ……………. 39 Calvert Street Bridge Construction, 1891; 1934-35 ………………………………. 40 The Physical Appearance of the Cemeteries in the 1930s ………………………… 41 Developers Eye the Site; Quakers Resist; Mass Disinterment of Remains, 1932-1940 ……………………………………. 41 Shapiro Brothers Buy the Land, 1940; Quakers Continue to Resist Sale ………... 45 Shapiro Brothers Developers Desecrate the Cemeteries, May and June 1959 ………….. 48 Establishing Community Park West/Water Pierce Park, 1964-1980 ……………………. 54 The Lackey Archaeological Survey, 1981 ……………………………………….. 55 The Walter Pierce Park Archaeology Project Begins, 2005 ……………………………... 57 The City Council Appropriates $200,000 for the Archaeological Project ……….. 59 i Table of Contents (Cont.) THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF WALTER C. PIERCE COMMUNITY PARK AND VICINITY, 2006-2012…………………………… 63 Pedestrian Survey of the North Slope, June-July 2009 …………………………………... 66 North Slope Terrain and Challenges …………………………………………….. 66 Earlier Finds; A.D. Marble Preliminary Survey, 2005 ………………………….. 70 North Slope Finds, 2009 …………………………………………………………. 71 Skeletal Remains; Coffin Artifacts ………………………………………. 77 Worked Stones; Headstones ……………………………………………… 88 Ceramic and Glass Sherds; Seashells; Miscellaneous ……………………. 101 Ground Features …………………………………………………………. 110 Pedestrian Survey of the West Slope, 2006 ……………………………………………… 113 Stone Wall, West Slope ………………………………………………….. 135 West Slope Soil-Erosion-Mitigation Project 2009-2010…………………. 136 THE WALTER PIERCE PARK ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE: CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS ………..……………………. 138 REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………………………. 141 APPENDICES A. The Walter Pierce Park Archaeology Project, Public Outreach ……………………… 151 B: The Nationwide Struggle to Preserve African American Cemeteries: An Overview, by Shayla Monroe..…………………………………………………… 163 C: An 1890 Essay Describing Mt. Pleasant Plains Cemetery …………………………… 155 D: About the Authors ……………………………………………………………………..159 List of Photos, Maps and Illustrations Figure Page 1. Location of Walter Pierce Park, U.S. Geologic Survey map, 1965 ………………………….. 2 2. Map of the cemeteries’ original boundaries ……………………………………………... 3 3. Map of the partitioning of the cemeteries..………………………….……………....... 4 4. Archaeological survey sections map…………..…………………………………………….. 4 5. The team lays gridlines while a soccer game is in progress …………………………………. 6 6. 1850s map showing Columbia (Adams) Mill and Quaker Cemetery ...……………………… 7 7. Early photograph of Columbia (Adams) Mill ……………………………………………....... 9 8. 1866 Map showing Columbia (Adams) Mill and Quaker Cemetery ……………………….. 10 9. Cliffburne Hospital Barracks, 1862 lithograph …………………………………………….. 11 10. 1850s map showing Free Young Men’s Cemetery at Square 272 …………………………. 17 11. Charles Francis Adams ……………………………………………………………… 18 12. 1886 receipt for purchase of a Mt. Pleasant Plains cemetery lot …………………… 19 13. Topographic map, circa late 1880s, showing cemetery site ………………………… 20 14. 1887 map showing Mt. Pleasant Plains Cemetery ………………………………….. 23 15. Doctor’s note asking city to provide coffin, 1884…………………………………… 25 16. 1883 death certificate of Charlotte Norris Nugent ………………………………….. 26 17. Photograph of Lindsay Muse ……………………………………………………….. 28 18: Page 333 from Colored Union Benevolent Association minutes book …………….. 33 ii Table of Contents (Cont.) 19: Page from William Hornaday’s 1889 field notebook showing cemetery land ……... 34 20: Photograph of Charles H. Shorter …………………………………………………... 39 21: Aerial view of Calvert Street Bridge under construction, 1934-35 ………………… 40 22: 1932 sketch of plans for development of cemeteries site …………………………… 42 23: 1945 map showing Shapiro Brothers Inc. property …………………………………. 46 24: 1959 newspaper photo of excavation of graves …………………………………….. 49 25: 1963 photo of site …………………………………………………………………… 53 26: Photograph of Walter C. Pierce at City Hall in the 1970s ………………………….. 54 27: 1978 photograph of families enjoying Community Park West ……………………... 55 28: Pick-up basketball at Walter Pierce Park …………………………………………… 56 29-32: 2005 excavation pits …………………………………………………………….. 58 33: Walter Pierce Park site, four sections of archaeological investigation ……………… 64 34: Walter Pierce site, all finds ………………………………………………………….. 65 35: North Slope of Walter Pierce Park site ……………………………………………… 66 36: Mark Mack clears vines from North Slope …………………………………………. 67 37: View of North Slope cleared of overgrowth in March 2008, after a clean-up ……… 68 38: View of North Slope with dense overgrowth in May 2008 …………………………. 68 39: Archaeological team members clear North Slope of brambles and vines …………... 68 40-41: Two views of gabion wall ……………………………………………………….. 69 42: Gully caused by erosion on North Slope ……………………………………………. 69 43: Map of North Slope, All Finds …...…………………………………………………. 75 44: Map of North Slope, Skeletal, Coffin Hardware and Miscellaneous Finds …………. 76 45-46: Cervical vertebra C3/C4 ………………………………………………………………… 77 47-48: Left temporal bone fragment ……………………………………………………………. 78 49-50: Coffin hardware, metallic, unidentified purpose ……………………………………….. 79 51-52: Coffin hardware, including escutcheon, decorative studs, and tack….. ………………… 80 53: Coffin hardware catalog illustration, 1871 ………………………………………………….. 81 54: Illustration of coffin hardware, Chicora Foundation report ………………………………… 82 55-56: Coffin handle found on North Slope in community garden area prior to survey ……….. 83 57: Coffin handles found on North and West Slopes compared ……………………………….. 84 58: Illustration of coffin handles, Chicora Foundation report …………………………………. 85 59: Coffin handles catalog illustration, 1871 …………………………………………………… 86 60: Map of North Slope Finds, Worked Stones ………………………………………………… 87 61: Stone A …………………………………………………………………………….... 88 62: Stone A …………………………………………………………………………….... 88 63: Stone B …………………………………………………………………………….... 88 64: Stone C …………………………………………………………………………….... 89 65: Stone D …………………………………………………………………………….... 89 66: Stones D and E ……………………………………………………………………… 89 67: Stone E …………………………………………………………………………….... 90 68: Stone F …………………………………………………………………………….... 90 69: Stone G …………………………………………………………………………….... 91 70: Stone H ……………………………………………………………………………...
Recommended publications
  • Pierce Mounds Complex an Ancient Capital in Northwest Florida

    Pierce Mounds Complex an Ancient Capital in Northwest Florida

    Pierce Mounds Complex An Ancient Capital in Northwest Florida Nancy Marie White Department of Anthropology University of South Florida, Tampa [email protected] Final Report to George J. Mahr, Apalachicola, Florida December 2013 ii ABSTRACT The Pierce site (8Fr14), near the mouth of the Apalachicola River in Franklin County, northwest Florida, was a major prehistoric mound center during the late Early and Middle Woodland (about A.D. 200-700) and Mississippian (about A.D. 1000-1500) periods. People lived there probably continuously during at least the last 2000 years (until right before the European invasion of Florida in the sixteenth century) and took advantage of the strategic location commanding the river and bay, as well as the abundant terrestrial and aquatic resources. Besides constructing several mounds for burial of the dead and probably support of important structures, native peoples left long midden (refuse) ridges of shells, animal bones, artifacts and blackened sandy soils, which built up a large and very significant archaeological site. Early Europeans and Americans who settled in the town of Apalachicola recognized the archaeological importance of Pierce and collected artifacts. But since the site and its spectacular findings were published by C.B. Moore in 1902, much information has been lost or misunderstood. Recent investigations by the University of South Florida were commissioned by the property owner to research and evaluate the significance of the site. There is evidence for an Early Woodland (Deptford) occupation and mound building, possibly as early as A.D. 200. Seven of the mounds form an oval, with the Middle Woodland burial mounds on the west side.
  • Volume 8 Summer 2016 Numbers 1-2

    Volume 8 Summer 2016 Numbers 1-2

    TENNESSEE ARCHAEOLOGY Volume 8 Summer 2016 Numbers 1-2 EDITORIAL COORDINATORS Michael C. Moore Tennessee Division of Archaeology TENNESSEE ARCHAEOLOGY Kevin E. Smith Middle Tennessee State University VOLUME 8 Summer 2016 NUMBERS 1-2 EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 1 EDITORS CORNER Paul Avery Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. 4 The Old Man and the Pleistocene: John Broster and Paleoindian Period Archaeology in the Mid-South – Jared Barrett Introduction to the Special Volume TRC Inc. D. SHANE MILLER AND JESSE W. TUNE Sierra Bow 8 A Retrospective Peek at the Career of John Bertram University of Tennessee Broster Andrew Brown MICHAEL C. MOORE, KEVIN E. SMITH, AARON DETER- University of North Texas WOLF, AND DAVID E. STUART Hannah Guidry 24 The Paleoindian and Early Archaic Record in TRC Inc. Tennessee: A Review of the Tennessee Fluted Point Survey Michaelyn Harle JESSE W. TUNE Tennessee Valley Authority 42 Quantifying Regional Variation in Terminal Phillip Hodge Pleistocene Assemblages from the Lower Tennessee Tennessee Department of Transportation River Valley Using Chert Sourcing RYAN M. PARISH AND ADAM FINN Shannon Hodge Middle Tennessee State University 59 A Preliminary Report on the Late Pleistocene and Sarah Levithol Early Holocene Archaeology of Rock Creek Mortar Tennessee Division of Archaeology Shelter, Upper Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee JAY FRANKLIN, MAUREEN HAYS, FRÉDÉRIC SURMELY, Ryan Parish ILARIA PATANIA, LUCINDA LANGSTON, AND TRAVIS BOW University of Memphis 78 Colonization after Clovis: Using the Ideal Free Tanya M. Peres Distribution to Interpret the Distribution of Late Florida State University Pleistocene and Early Holocene Archaeological Sites in the Duck River Valley, Tennessee Jesse Tune D. SHANE MILLER AND STEPHEN B.
  • Archaeological Investigations in the Obion River Drainage: the West

    Archaeological Investigations in the Obion River Drainage: the West

    .~~- -~.- .~---~~~~~~~- ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE OBION RIVER DRAINAGE: THE WEST TENNESSEE TRIBUTARIES PROJECT by Robert C. Mainfort, Jr. with contributions by Jamie C. Brandon Emanuel Breitburg Shawn Chapman Mary L. Kwas William L. Lawrence June E. Mirecki Andrea B. Shea Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Division of Archaeology, Research Series No. 10 1994 . ~4~\·JRobert C. Mainfort, . Principal Investigator ii Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Division of Archaeology, Research Series No. 10 Copyright © 1994 - Tennessee Division of Archaeology TENNESSEE DEPARTrvIENT OF ENVIRONrvIENT AND CONSERVATION, DIVISION OF ARCHAEOLOGY, RESEARCH SERIES publications are isssued at irregular intervals. Individual volumes are produced by staff members and other qualified individuals in order to promote the exchange of scholarly information concerning the history and prehistory of the State of Tennessee. Copies of all publications in the series may be obtained from the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, 401 Church Street, 13th Floor, Nashville, Tennessee 37243, (615)532-1516. Pursuant to the State of Tennessee's policy of non-discrimination, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation does not discriminate on the basis of race sex, religion, color, national or ethnic origin, age, disability, or military service in its policies, or in the admission or access to, or treatment or employment in, its programs, -services or activities. Equal Employment Opportunityl Affirmative Action!ADA inquiries or complaints should be directed to the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, EEOlAAIADA Coordinator, 401 Church Street, 21st Floor, Nashville, TN 37243, (615)532-0103. Hearing impaired callers may use the Tennessee Relay Service (1-800-848-0298). Tennessee Department of Environment and Con­ servation, Authorization No.
  • Idealized Lithic Trajectory 221T563 Trajectory Spatial Interpretation Representation

    Idealized Lithic Trajectory 221T563 Trajectory Spatial Interpretation Representation

    Archaeological Report No. 17 THE TCHULA PERIOD IN THE MID-SOUTH AND LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY Proceedings of the 1982 Mid-South Archaeological Conference Edited by David H. Dye Department of Anthropology Memphis State University and Ronald C. Brister Chief, Curator of Collections Memphis Museums Mississippi Department of Archives and History Jackson, Mississippi 1986 MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY Archaeological Report No. 17 Patricia Kay Galloway Series Editor Elbert R. Hilliard Director Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 86-620005 ISBN: 0-938896-48-2 © Copyright 1986 Mississippi Department of Archives and History This volume is dedicated to Philip Phillips, James A. Ford, and James B. Griffin TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgments • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• x Introduction David H. Dye ••••••• 1 The Second Mid-South Archaeological Conference Dan F. Morse 9 Chapter 1 Tchula Period Ceramics in the Upper Sunflower Region Samuel O. Brookes and Cheryl Taylor ••••••• 23 2 Alexander, Tchefuncte, and Black Sand: An Early Gulf Tradition in the Mississippi Valley David H. Dye and Jerry R. Galm •• 28 3 The Tchula Period in the Mississippi Valley James B. Griffin 40 4 The Wheeler Series: Space, Time, and External Relationships Ned J. Jenkins 43 5 Tchula/Miller I: A Perspective from Pinson Mounds Robert C. Mainfort, Jr. 52 6 Comment on Geomorphological Implications on the Development of the Late Tchula/Early Marksville Settlement Pattern in the Upper Yazoo Basin, Mississippi Richard A. Marshall ••• 63 7 McCarty (3-Po-467): A Tchula period site near Marked Tree, Arkansas Dan F. Morse . 70 v Chapter Page 8 An Assessment of Archaeological Data for the Tchula Period in Southeastern Arkansas Martha Ann Rolingson and Marvin D.
  • SEAC Newsletter Fall 2010.Pub

    SEAC Newsletter Fall 2010.Pub

    SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE N E W S L E T T E R Volume 52, Number 2 October 2010 Edited by Phillip Hodge, Office of Social and Cultural Resources, TN-DOT 505 Deaderick Street, Suite 900, Nashville, TN 37243 ([email protected]) SEAC 2010, Lexington, Kentucky Inside This Issue: The 2010 SEAC meeting is almost upon us! The prelimi- nary program can be found in this issue starting on page four. A Letter from SEAC President A searchable PDF version is available on the SEAC website. David G. Anderson 2 The 2010 program will be one of the largest SEAC gatherings in recent memory. There are 368 scheduled papers and post- ers consisting of 17 symposia and 18 general sessions, includ- SEAC 2010 Meeting ing four poster sessions. Five symposia are all day affairs with Information 3 morning and afternoon sessions. In addition, there is an open panel discussion on the role of Tribal consultation in Ken- tucky archaeology, an open forum on public archaeology, and a student workshop on integrating subdisciplinary research. SEAC 2010 Preliminary Special events include a Student Affairs reception, a general Program 4 reception with hors d’oeuvres at Victorian Square, Great Spirits of SEAC, the SEAC business meeting, and the dance Friday night featuring the Sensations Dance Band. Saturday News and Current Research 14 afternoon there are three different tours to regional archaeo- logical and historical sites, including Adena mounds and earth- works, Shakertown and Camp Nelson, and the historic Bour- SEAC Public Outreach 2011 bon Trail. The tours will conclude with a catered dinner and Grant Cycle 16 reception at the Bodley-Bullock House in downtown Lexing- ton.
  • Hunter-Gatherers in Transition: Late Paleoindian and Early Archaic Adaptations in Tennessee

    Hunter-Gatherers in Transition: Late Paleoindian and Early Archaic Adaptations in Tennessee

    HUNTER-GATHERERS IN TRANSITION: LATE PALEOINDIAN AND EARLY ARCHAIC ADAPTATIONS IN TENNESSEE Katherine E. McMillan, D. Shane Miller, Juliette Vogel, and Jonathan Baker INTRODUCTION The late Pleistocene to early Holocene transition in North America marks a period of rapid and often dramatic climatic and environmental changes that exerted a significant impact on the adaptive strategies of human populations living at this time of transition. These shifts included changes in climatic conditions (temperature and rainfall), biotic communities (megafaunal extinctions, vegetation changes, movement of species into new latitudes and elevations), and landscape changes (e.g. stabilizing waterways). As biotic community structures changed, human populations would have been forced to adapt their cultural systems to accommodate for these shifts. This chapter considers the cultural changes associated with this period of environmental transition in Tennessee. The Pleistocene-Holocene boundary encompasses the cultural periods labeled as the Late Paleoindian (ca. 12, 900 – 11,450 cal. B.P. / 10,800 – 10,000 rcbp; Anderson 2001) and Early Archaic (ca. 11,450 – 8,900 cal. B.P. / 10,000 – 8,000 rcbp; Anderson 2001). In Tennessee, the Late Paleoindian is identified by the presence of Dalton projectile points. The Early Archaic includes Early Side Notched (e.g. Big Sandy), Corner Notched (Kirk and Palmer) and Bifurcated Base (LeCroy, St. Albans, MacCorkle and Kanawha) projectile point types. These characteristic projectile point styles will be discussed below.
  • Chapter 4. NORTHWEST FLORIDA, 2500 B.P.-A.D. 1000 the Cultures Of

    Chapter 4. NORTHWEST FLORIDA, 2500 B.P.-A.D. 1000 the Cultures Of

    Chapter 4. NORTHWEST FLORIDA, 2500 B.P.-A.D. 1000 The cultures of northwest Florida during the Woodland period are known as Deptford (2500 B.P.-A.D. 100), Santa Rosa (A.D. 100-300), Swift Creek (A.D. 100-300), and Weeden Island (A.D. 300-900). As elsewhere in the Southeast, these post-Archaic cultures are characterized by the appearance of elaborate ceremonial complexes, mound burial, permanent settlements, population growth, increasing reliance on cultigens, and increasing sociopolitical complexity. The Setting Northwest Florida consists of the sixteen counties west of the Aucilla River and includes two distinct physiographic regions: the coastal lowland zone and the interior uplands. The coast is dominated by open beaches with dune ridges backed by lagoons. The low numbers of older reported archaeological sites on the coast, in contrast to the many more recent sites, may be in part related to the rise in sea level that probably inundated many sites. It is estimated that sea level on the Gulf coast of northern Peninsular Florida has risen two meters over the last 2000 years. The upland areas in northwest Florida are drained by a number of rivers, the largest of which are the Apalachicola and the Escambia. Most reported Woodland period sites in northwest Florida are associated with riverine and coastal environments, while inland non-riverine areas were thought to be virtually barren of Woodland period occupation (an exception is the Torreya Ravines region). Recent cultural resource management (CRM) surveys in the Apalachicola National Forest have demonstrated that resources associated with the inland pine forests supplemented the subsistence needs of populations in the river valleys to varying degrees through time (Forney 1985; White 1981).
  • FORT DONELSON NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD Ethnographic Overview and Assessment

    FORT DONELSON NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD Ethnographic Overview and Assessment

    FORT DONELSON NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD Ethnographic Overview and Assessment Final Report By Dayna Bowker Lee, Donna Greer, and Aubra L. Lee Report Submitted by Earth Search, Inc. P.O. Box 770336 New Orleans, LA 70177-0336 Prepared for Fort Donelson National Battlefield and Fort Donelson National Cemetery National Park Service PO Box 434 174 National Cemetery Drive Dover, TN 37058 September 2013 FORT DONELSON NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD Ethnographic Overview and Assessment Order No. P12PX10042 Final Phase I Report By Dayna Bowker Lee, Donna Greer, and Aubra L. Lee Report Submitted by Dayna Bowker Lee, Ph.D., Principal Investigator Earth Search, Inc. P.O. Box 770336 New Orleans, LA 70177-0336 Prepared for Fort Donelson National Battlefield and Fort Donelson National Cemetery National Park Service PO Box 434 174 National Cemetery Drive Dover, TN 37058 September 2013 Cover montage: Background: Figure 13; photos, clockwise from top left: Figure 21; mussel fishing, TSLA; Figure 17; looking east from park boundaries at log house and smoking tobacco barn, n.d., FODO Archives; unknown Stewart County family, n.d., Feltner Photographic Collection; (center) Figure 14. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to extend appreciation to the National Park Service and the people of Dover who contributed to this project. In the National Park Service Southeast Region, Dr. Antoinette Jackson, Southeast Region Ethnographer, and Allison Peña, Jean Lafitte National Park Ethnographer, provided guidance, counsel, and assistance throughout the project. The personnel at Fort Donelson National Battlefield shared their time, knowledge, and insights throughout the course of the research. Superintendent Brian McCutcheon; Integrated Resource Program Manager Bill Barley; and Facility Manager Scott Mapes monitored the project, made park resources available, and responded to every question or request.
  • Archaeological Investigations at the Twin Knobs Locality Crittenden County, Kentucky

    Archaeological Investigations at the Twin Knobs Locality Crittenden County, Kentucky

    Archaeological Investigations at the Twin Knobs Locality Crittenden County, Kentucky Greg J. Maggard A. Gwynn Henderson David Pollack Eric J. Schlarb with contributions by Larry Gray Jack Rossen Bruce L. Manzano RESEARCH REPORT NO. 9 Kentucky Archaeological Survey ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT THE TWIN KNOBS LOCALITY, CRITTENDEN COUNTY, KENTUCKY By Greg J. Maggard, A. Gwynn Henderson, David Pollack and Eric J. Schlarb With contributions by Jack Rossen Bruce L. Manzano Larry Gray Kentucky Archaeological Survey Research Report No. 9 Jointly Administered by: The University of Kentucky Department of Anthropology and The Kentucky Heritage Council Lexington, Kentucky Report Prepared for: Mr. James Hixon Division of Environmental Analysis, Kentucky Transportation Cabinet 200 Mero Street, Frankfort, KY 40622 2013 Kentucky Archaeological Survey The Kentucky Archaeological Survey is jointly administered by the Kentucky Heritage Council (State Historic Preservation Office) and the University of Kentucky Department of Anthropology. Its mission is to provide a service to other state agencies, to work with private landowners to protect archaeological sites, and to educate the public about Kentucky=s rich archaeological heritage. Kentucky Heritage Council The mandate of the Kentucky Heritage Council is to identify, preserve, and protect the cultural resources of Kentucky. The Council also maintains continually- updated inventories of historic structures and archaeological sites and nominates properties to the National Register of Historic Places. By working with other state and federal agencies, local communities, and interested citizens, the Council seeks to build a greater awareness of Kentucky=s past and to encourage the long-term preservation of Kentucky=s significant cultural resources. Through its various programs (e.g., Main Street, Grants, Publications, Rural Preservation, Civil War Initiative, Conferences), the Council strives to show how historic resources contribute to the heritage, economy, and quality of life of all Kentuckians.

  • Burial in Florida: Culture, Ritual, Health, and Status: the Archaic to Seminole Periods David Klingle

    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2006 Burial in Florida: Culture, Ritual, Health, and Status: The Archaic to Seminole Periods David Klingle Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] The Florida State University College of Arts and Sciences Burial in Florida: Culture, Ritual, Health, and Status: The Archaic to Seminole Periods David Klingle A Thesis submitted to the Department of Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts Degree Awarded: Spring Semester 2006 The members of the Committee approve the thesis of David Klingle defended on February 24, 2006. Glen H. Doran Professor Directing Thesis Rochelle A. Marrinan Committee Member William Parkinson Committee Member Approved: Dean Falk, Chair, Department of Anthropology The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Glen H. Doran and Dr. Rochelle A. Marrinan of Florida State University for all their patience, input, and hard work in helping me to compose this thesis. They were always there to answer questions, listen to my problems, suggest or even provide sources of data, and give me advice on new approaches to my material. Furthermore, I should acknowledge my copy editor Kathleen Wood for reading over the entire thesis and finding all the typos I missed. I would like to recognize the works of several authors who inspired this thesis. Dr Jerome Rose and Richard Steckel for their book, “The Backbone of History.” It helped to influence my methodology to create my status and heath indexes.
  • NPS Archeology Program: the Earliest Americans Theme Study

    NPS Archeology Program: the Earliest Americans Theme Study

    NPS Archeology Program: The Earliest Americans Theme Study A, B, C, D sections F. associated property G. geographical data types E. statement of historic H. summary of contexts introduction identification and Anderson, Brose, evaluation methods introduction Dincauze, Shott, Grumet, Anderson, Brose, Waldbauer project history Dincauze, Shott, Grumet, Robert S. Grumet Waldbauer southeast property types David G. Anderson acknowledgments southeast context David G. Anderson northeast property types I. major bibliographical Dena F. Dincauze references northeast context Dena F. Dincauze midwest property types references cited Michael J. Shott midwest context Figures and Tables Michael J. Shott Credits DOI | History & Culture | Search | Contact | FOIA | Privacy | Disclaimer | USA.gov Last updated: EJL/MDC http://www.cr.nps.gov/archeology/PUBS/NHLEAM/index.htm[2/26/2013 2:15:10 PM] NPS Archeology Program: The Earliest Americans Theme Study A, B, C, D sections NPS Form 10-900-b OMB No. 1024-0018 E. statement of historic (March 1992) contexts F. associated property United States Department of the Interior types National Park Service G. geographical data National Register of Historic Places H. summary of Multiple Property Documentation Form identification and evaluation methods This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National I. major bibliographical references Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering
  • Determining Fort Walton Burial Patterns and Their Relationship Within the Greater Mississippian Gabrielle Shahramfar University of South Florida

    Determining Fort Walton Burial Patterns and Their Relationship Within the Greater Mississippian Gabrielle Shahramfar University of South Florida

    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 11-12-2008 Determining Fort Walton Burial Patterns and Their Relationship within the Greater Mississippian Gabrielle Shahramfar University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Shahramfar, Gabrielle, "Determining Fort Walton Burial Patterns and Their Relationship within the Greater Mississippian" (2008). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/492 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Determining Fort Walton Burial Patterns and Their Relationship within the Greater Mississippian by Gabrielle Shahramfar A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Anthropology College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Nancy White, Ph.D. Erin Kimmerle, Ph.D. Thomas Pluckhahn, Ph.D. Date of Approval: November 12, 2008 Keywords: mortuary variability, northwest Florida, skeletal analysis, prehistoric archaeology, Pensacola culture © Copyright 2008, Gabrielle A. Shahramfar TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES iii LIST OF FIGURES vi ABSTRACT viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND GOALS OF RESEARCH 1 CHAPTER