Rainfall and Flowering Synchrony in a Tropical Shrub: Variable Selection on the Flowering Time of Erythroxylum Havanense
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Variation in the Abundance of Bees Across Distinct Montane Meadows
Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee Volume 2 Issue 1 Spring 2011 Article 12 March 2011 Variation in the Abundance of Bees Across Distinct Montane Meadows Jessica N. Welch University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/pursuit Recommended Citation Welch, Jessica N. (2011) "Variation in the Abundance of Bees Across Distinct Montane Meadows," Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee: Vol. 2 : Iss. 1 , Article 12. Available at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/pursuit/vol2/iss1/12 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Volunteer, Open Access, Library Journals (VOL Journals), published in partnership with The University of Tennessee (UT) University Libraries. This article has been accepted for inclusion in Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee by an authorized editor. For more information, please visit https://trace.tennessee.edu/pursuit. Pursuit: The Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Tennessee Copyright © The University of Tennessee Variation in the Abundance of Bees Across Distinct Montane Meadows JESSICA NICOLE WELCH Advisor: Nathan Sanders Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville Across different landscapes, plant abundance and richness change. Bee dis- tributions may vary spatially or temporally in accordance with differences in floral diversity. I used a habitat-based approach to investigate the hypothesis that the abundance of bees in assemblages varied among three distinct meadow types: dry meadow, wet meadow-Veratrum, and wet meadow-Salix. Patterns of bee abundance were sampled using bee bowls and netting around Gothic, Colorado. -
Analysis of the Variability of Floral and Pollen Traits in Apple Cultivars—Selecting Suitable Pollen Donors for Cider Apple Orchards
agronomy Article Analysis of the Variability of Floral and Pollen Traits in Apple Cultivars—Selecting Suitable Pollen Donors for Cider Apple Orchards Alvaro Delgado 1,* , Muriel Quinet 2 and Enrique Dapena 1 1 Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Apdo.13, E-33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; [email protected] 2 Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy, Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 4-5, Box L7 07 13, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Most apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) are self-incompatible and fruit yield depends on cross-pollination between genetically compatible cultivars with synchronous flowering. Flowering intensity can vary strongly among years due to the biennial bearing habit of the cultivars. The knowledge of the phenological stages and floral and pollen characteristics is essential to select suitable pollen donors. We evaluated the phenotypic variability of flowering-related traits (i.e., flowering phenology, flowering intensity, pollen production and pollen quality) in 45 apple cultivars over two successive flowering seasons. Large phenotypic variability was found among the studied cultivars indicating that the local germplasm collection provides a good source of genetic and phenotypic diversity. However, low correlations were observed between floral biology traits and, consequently, the improvement in one trait seems not to affect other traits. Some of the cultivars such as ‘Perurico’ and ‘Raxila Dulce’ regularly produced copious amounts of high-quality pollen Citation: Delgado, A.; Quinet, M.; which can improve the pollen load dispersion leading to a most effective pollination process. We did Dapena, E. Analysis of the Variability not identify statistically significant correlations between pollen attributes and the biennial bearing of Floral and Pollen Traits in Apple phenomenon. -
Pollinators in Forests – an Annotated Bibliography
Pollinators in Forests – An Annotated Bibliography This annotated bibliography was compiled while researching pollinators in the woods and other related topics. Some text was copied directly from the source when it was appropriately concise. The document is broken into 9 categories: Forest Pollinator Biology, Phenology, Habitat; Forest Pollinators and Woody Material; Forest Management and Pollinators; Forest Pollinators and Agriculture; Forest Pollinators and Habitat Fragments; Forest Pollinators and Adjacent Land Use; Forest Pollinators and Invasive Plants; Pollinator Research Methodology; and Miscellaneous, for papers that do not fit a specific category but that contain relevant information. Forest Pollinator Biology, Phenology, Habitat 1. Adamson, Nancy Lee, et al. “Pollinator Plants: Great Lakes Region,” Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, 2017. Includes a list of plants beneficial to pollinators native to the Great Lakes region, which includes land in Ontario, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New York. 2. Adamson, Nancy Lee, et al. “Pollinator Plants: Northeast Region,” Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, 2015. Includes a list of plants beneficial to pollinators native to the Northeast Region, which encompasses southern Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, the New England states, and eastern New York. 3. Black, Scott Hoffman, et al. “Pollinators in Natural Areas: A Primer on Habitat Management,” Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation. By aiding in wildland food production, helping with nutrient cycling, and as direct prey, pollinators are important in wildlife food webs. Summerville and Crist (2002) found that forest moths play important functional roles as selective herbivores, pollinators, detritivores, and prey for migratory songbirds. Belfrage et al. (2005) demonstrated that butterfly diversity was a good predictor of bird abundance and diversity, apparently due to a shared requirement for a complex plant community. -
Does Flowering Synchrony Contribute to the Sustainment of Dry Grassland
Flora 222 (2016) 96–103 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Flora j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/flora Does flowering synchrony contribute to the sustainment of dry grassland biodiversity? a,∗ a a b Edy Fantinato , Silvia Del Vecchio , Antonio Slaviero , Luisa Conti , b a Alicia Teresa Rosario Acosta , Gabriella Buffa a Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy b Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Phenological relationships among entomophilous species for pollination may play an important role in Received 20 January 2016 structuring natural plant communities. Received in revised form 1 April 2016 The main aim of this work was to test whether in dry grassland communities there is a non-random Accepted 7 April 2016 flowering pattern and if the pattern influences the species richness, and the richness of subordinate and Edited by Fei-Hai Yu common species. Available online 11 April 2016 Field sampling was carried out in temperate dry grasslands in NE Italy. Species composition and the flowering phenology were monitored in 45 2 m × 2 m plots randomly placed over dry grasslands. Keywords: To quantify the degree to which insect-pollinated species overlap in their flowering time we developed Co-flowering index a “co-flowering index” (CF-index). The significance of the observed flowering pattern was tested using a Generalists and specialists species Pollinator sharing null model. -
Pollen Limitation and Flower Abortion in a Wind-Pollinated, Masting Tree
Notes Ecology, 96(2), 2015, pp. 587–593 Ó 2015 by the Ecological Society of America Pollen limitation and flower abortion in a wind-pollinated, masting tree 1,2,5 1,3 4 1 IAN S. PEARSE, WALTER D. KOENIG, KYLE A. FUNK, AND MARIO B. PESENDORFER 1Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, New York 14850 USA 2Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 S. Oaks Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820 USA 3Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 USA 4School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588 USA Abstract. Pollen limitation is a key assumption of theories that explain mast seeding, which is common among wind-pollinated and woody plants. In particular, the pollen coupling hypothesis and pollination Moran effect hypothesis assume pollen limitation as a factor that synchronizes seed crops across individuals. The existence of pollen limitation has not, however, been unambiguously demonstrated in wind-pollinated, masting trees. We conducted a two-year pollen supplementation experiment on a masting oak species, Quercus lobata. Supplemental pollen increased acorn set in one year but not in the other, supporting the importance of pollen coupling and pollination Moran effect models of mast seeding. We also tracked the fate of female flowers over five years and found that the vast majority of flowers were aborted for reasons unrelated to pollination, even in the presence of excess pollen. Pollen limitation can reduce annual seed set in a wind-pollinated tree, but factors other than pollen limitation cause the majority of flower abortion. Key words: anemophily; flower abortion; perennial plants; pollen; seed set; wind pollination. -
Behavior of Pollinators That Share Two Co-Flowering Wetland Plant Species" (2015)
The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron The Dr. Gary B. and Pamela S. Williams Honors Honors Research Projects College Spring 2015 Behavior of Pollinators That Share Two Co- Flowering Wetland Plant Species Joshua R. Morris University of Akron Main Campus, [email protected] Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/honors_research_projects Part of the Animal Studies Commons, Biology Commons, and the Population Biology Commons Recommended Citation Morris, Joshua R., "Behavior of Pollinators That Share Two Co-Flowering Wetland Plant Species" (2015). Honors Research Projects. 56. http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/honors_research_projects/56 This Honors Research Project is brought to you for free and open access by The Dr. Gary B. and Pamela S. Williams Honors College at IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Research Projects by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Morris 1 Behavior of Pollinators That Share Two Co-Flowering Wetland Plant Species Joshua Morris Department of Biology Honors Research Project Morris 2 Behavior of Pollinators that share Two Co-Flowering Wetland Plant Species Abstract: Intermixed, co-flowering plant species often attract the same pollinators and may therefore compete for pollinator visits. Mimulus ringens and Verbena hastata are sympatric wetland plants that flower in synchrony and share many pollinators, the most common being bumblebees. -
Analysis of the Flowering Phenology in Juncus (Juncaceae)
Annals of Botany 100: 1271–1285, 2007 doi:10.1093/aob/mcm206, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org Synchronous Pulsed Flowering: Analysis of the Flowering Phenology in Juncus (Juncaceae) STEFAN G. MICHALSKI* and WALTER DURKA Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Department of Community Ecology (BZF), Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany Received: 16 May 2007 Returned for revision: 29 June 2007 Accepted: 16 July 2007 Published electronically: 19 September 2007 † Background and Aims The timing of flowering within and among individuals is of fundamental biological importance because of its influence on total seed production and, ultimately, fitness. Traditional descriptive parameters of flowering phenology focus on onset and duration of flowering and on synchrony among individuals. These para- meters do not adequately account for variability in flowering across the flowering duration at individual and population level. This study aims to analyse the flowering phenology of wind-pollinated Juncus species that has been described as temporally highly variable (‘pulsed flowering’). Additionally, an attempt is made to identify proximate environmental factors that may cue the flowering, and ultimate causes for the flowering patterns are discussed. † Methods Flowering phenology was examined in populations of nine Juncus species by estimating flowering syn- chrony and by using the coefficient of variation (CV) to describe the temporal variation in flowering on individual and population levels. Phenologies were compared with null models to test which patterns deviate from random flowering. All parameters assessed were compared with each other and the performance of the parameters in response to randomization and varying synchrony was evaluated using a model population. -
Evolutionary Interactions Between Plant Reproduction and Defense
ES46CH09-Johnson ARI 1 November 2015 14:9 ANNUAL REVIEWS Further Click here to view this article's online features: Evolutionary Interactions • Download figures as PPT slides • Navigate linked references • Download citations • Explore related articles Between Plant Reproduction • Search keywords and Defense Against Herbivores Marc T.J. Johnson,1,2 Stuart A. Campbell,2 and Spencer C.H. Barrett2 1Department of Biology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 1C6 Canada; email: [email protected] 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2 Canada; email: [email protected], [email protected] Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2015. 46:191–213 Keywords First published online as a Review in Advance on herbivory, inbreeding depression, induced response, mating system, September 21, 2015 plant–insect interactions, evolution of sex The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics is online at ecolsys.annualreviews.org Abstract This article’s doi: Coevolution is among the most important evolutionary processes that gen- 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054215 erate biological diversity. Plant–pollinator interactions play a prominent role Copyright c 2015 by Annual Reviews. in the evolution of reproductive traits in flowering plants. Likewise, plant– All rights reserved herbivore interactions select for myriad defenses that protect plants from damage. These mutualistic and antagonistic interactions, respectively, have traditionally been considered in isolation from one another. Here, we con- Access provided by University of Toronto Library on 02/03/16. For personal use only. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2015.46:191-213. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org sider whether reproductive traits and antiherbivore defenses are interde- pendent as a result of pollinator- and herbivore-mediated selection. -
Acetolysed Thin Layer Of
Pollen morphology of the genus Hydnocarpus (Flacourtiaceae) with notes on related genera J. Schaeffer Rijksherbarium, Leiden Contents Summary 65 I Introduction 65 II General morphology 66 III Systematic descriptions 66 IV Pollen types 76 Pollen and V morphology taxonomy 77 References 79 Summary Pollen of ofthe described. Two grains 34 species genus Hydnocarpus(Flacourtiaceae) are pollen types, one of which is subdivided in two subtypes, are distinguished. Within Flacourtiaceae the pollen of Hydnocarpus In is more or less isolated, but the related genus Chlorocarpa has rather similar pollen. sculpture there exists some resemblance to Paropsia (Passifloraceae). I. Introduction The present study forms part of a general pollenmorphological survey of the family Flacourtiaceae, initiated at the Rijksherbarium in collaboration with Dr. H. Sleumer. The selected for the first detailed because genus Hydnocarpus was study it proved to have rather characteristic pollen types and is concentrated in SE. Asia and the Malesian region. Moreover, an adequate amountof well-determinedmaterial as well as a recent revision ot In the genus (Sleumer, 1954) were available. total 34 species could be investigated, of the total numberof known. representing 85 % species In addition, the pollen of a large other number of Flacourtiaceae was cursorily examined, in order to asses the pollen of within the morphological relationships Hydnocarpus family. The pollen of the genera and which resemble that of described Neoptychocarpus Chlorocarpa, Hydnocarpus most, is in more detail. Erdtman described Previously, only (1952) has, very briefly, the pollen of Hydnocarpus rather the elmeri which, however, proved to be atypical of genus. The pollen material was acetolysed for two minutes, mounted in glycerin jelly and photographed with a Leitz apochromatic OI objective (90/1.40). -
Phenotypic Diversity Assessment Wihin a Major Ex Situ Collection of Coffees
Phenotypic diversity assessment wihin a major ex situ collection of coffees in Madagascar Aurore Rimlinger, Nathalie Raharimalala, Véronique Letort, Jean-Jacques Rakotomalala, Dominique Crouzillat, Romain Guyot, Perla Hamon, Sylvie Sabatier To cite this version: Aurore Rimlinger, Nathalie Raharimalala, Véronique Letort, Jean-Jacques Rakotomalala, Dominique Crouzillat, et al.. Phenotypic diversity assessment wihin a major ex situ collection of coffees in Madagascar. Annals of Botany, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2020, 126 (5), pp.849-863. 10.1093/aob/mcaa073. hal-03167205 HAL Id: hal-03167205 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03167205 Submitted on 16 Mar 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 Original article 2 3 4 Phenotypic diversity assessment within a major ex situ collection of coffees in Madagascar 5 6 Aurore Rimlinger 1, Nathalie Raharimalala 2, Véronique Letort 3, Jean-Jacques 7 Rakotomalala 2, Dominique Crouzillat 4, Romain Guyot 5, Perla Hamon 5, Sylvie Sabatier 1* 8 9 1. CIRAD, UMR AMAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France 10 AMAP Univ Montpellier CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier 11 2. FOFIFA, BP 1444, Ambatobe, Antanarivo 101, Madagasca 12 3. Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Informatique pour la Complexité et les Systèmes, 13 CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 14 4. -
Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: an and Taxonomists Throughout the World Who Have Left Inventory
United States Department of Agriculture Perennial Edible Fruits Agricultural Research Service of the Tropics Agriculture Handbook No. 642 An Inventory t Abstract Acknowledgments Martin, Franklin W., Carl W. Cannpbell, Ruth M. Puberté. We owe first thanks to the botanists, horticulturists 1987 Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: An and taxonomists throughout the world who have left Inventory. U.S. Department of Agriculture, written records of the fruits they encountered. Agriculture Handbook No. 642, 252 p., illus. Second, we thank Richard A. Hamilton, who read and The edible fruits of the Tropics are nnany in number, criticized the major part of the manuscript. His help varied in form, and irregular in distribution. They can be was invaluable. categorized as major or minor. Only about 300 Tropical fruits can be considered great. These are outstanding We also thank the many individuals who read, criti- in one or more of the following: Size, beauty, flavor, and cized, or contributed to various parts of the book. In nutritional value. In contrast are the more than 3,000 alphabetical order, they are Susan Abraham (Indian fruits that can be considered minor, limited severely by fruits), Herbert Barrett (citrus fruits), Jose Calzada one or more defects, such as very small size, poor taste Benza (fruits of Peru), Clarkson (South African fruits), or appeal, limited adaptability, or limited distribution. William 0. Cooper (citrus fruits), Derek Cormack The major fruits are not all well known. Some excellent (arrangements for review in Africa), Milton de Albu- fruits which rival the commercialized greatest are still querque (Brazilian fruits), Enriquito D. -
HUNTIA a Journal of Botanical History
HUNTIA A Journal of Botanical History VolUme 11 NUmBer 1 2000 Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation Carnegie mellon University Pittsburgh Huntia publishes articles on all aspects of the his- tory of botany and is published irregularly in one or more numbers per volume of approximately 200 pages by the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Carnegie mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-3890. editor Scarlett T. Townsend Book reviews and Announcements editor Charlotte A. Tancin Associate editors Gavin D. r. Bridson T. D. Jacobsen Angela l. Todd Frederick H. Utech James J. White layout Lugene B. Bruno external contributions to Huntia are welcome. Please request our “Guidelines for Contributors” before submitting manuscripts for consideration. editorial correspondence should be directed to the editor. Books for announcement or review should be sent to the Book reviews and Announcements editor. Page charge is $50.00. The charges for up to five pages per year are waived for Hunt Institute Associates, who also may elect to receive Huntia as a benefit of membership; please contact the Institute for more information. Subscription rate is $60.00 per volume. orders for subscriptions and back issues should be sent to the Institute. Printed and bound by Allen Press, Inc., lawrence, Kansas. Copyright © 2000 by the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation All rights reserved ISSN 0073-4071 Huntia 11(1) 2000 Jamaican plant genera named by Patrick Browne (ca. 1720–1790): A checklist with an attempt at an etymology P. H. Oswald and E. Charles Nelson Abstract Patrick Browne’s generic names for Jamaican native them. Most meanings are taken from Liddell plants, published during 1756, are listed and their and Scott (1940) and Lewis and Short (1879).