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HUNTIA a Journal of Botanical History HUNTIA A Journal of Botanical History VolUme 11 NUmBer 1 2000 Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation Carnegie mellon University Pittsburgh Huntia publishes articles on all aspects of the his- tory of botany and is published irregularly in one or more numbers per volume of approximately 200 pages by the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Carnegie mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-3890. editor Scarlett T. Townsend Book reviews and Announcements editor Charlotte A. Tancin Associate editors Gavin D. r. Bridson T. D. Jacobsen Angela l. Todd Frederick H. Utech James J. White layout Lugene B. Bruno external contributions to Huntia are welcome. Please request our “Guidelines for Contributors” before submitting manuscripts for consideration. editorial correspondence should be directed to the editor. Books for announcement or review should be sent to the Book reviews and Announcements editor. Page charge is $50.00. The charges for up to five pages per year are waived for Hunt Institute Associates, who also may elect to receive Huntia as a benefit of membership; please contact the Institute for more information. Subscription rate is $60.00 per volume. orders for subscriptions and back issues should be sent to the Institute. Printed and bound by Allen Press, Inc., lawrence, Kansas. Copyright © 2000 by the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation All rights reserved ISSN 0073-4071 Huntia 11(1) 2000 Jamaican plant genera named by Patrick Browne (ca. 1720–1790): A checklist with an attempt at an etymology P. H. Oswald and E. Charles Nelson Abstract Patrick Browne’s generic names for Jamaican native them. Most meanings are taken from Liddell plants, published during 1756, are listed and their and Scott (1940) and Lewis and Short (1879). etymology is explained. When Browne’s name has been rejected or conserved, this is indicated by nom. rej. and In The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica nom. consv. (or nom. & typ. consv. when published in London on 10 May 1756 (Nelson the type is also conserved) respectively, with 1997), the Irish-born physician Dr Patrick the accepted synonym for a rejected name at Browne published generic names for about one the end of the entry. In some instances the hundred Jamaican plants. Subsequently, Browne spelling of a name is conserved; this is indicated also provided Linnaeus with descriptions of by orth. consv. Relevant passages from The the genera Prockia and Vandellia and evidently Civil and Natural History of Jamaica are quoted to suggested those names. explain derivations. When a name is mentioned This checklist of Browne’s generic names in Linnaeus’ correspondence with Browne is arranged as follows. The name is followed (transcribed in Nelson and Walsh 1995, pp. by the page number (in brackets) of the 213–241), this is also noted (e.g., “Linnaeus to protologue from The Civil and Natural History of Browne 19 October 1756” signals that this name Jamaica (Browne 1756), with the meaning and is in Linnaeus’ letter of that date). Information derivation following. Names in bold italics are about numbers of species worldwide and in current ones, those in italics are not. Names from Jamaica is derived mainly from Adams (1972) other sources are annotated accordingly. and Mabberley (1987). Greek words (other than some generic names) As a postscript to this list, it may be noted that are transliterated as the Romans wrote them, in Browne’s unpublished manuscript catalogues as this is the usual convention for botanical of Caribbean plants (see Nelson 2000, note 15) Latin. Long vowels in Greek (G.) and Latin there are other new names. As they have never (L.) words from which generic names are been published they are not included here (see derived are marked by a horizontal line over Nelson 2000, note 13). 33 Panton Street, Cambridge CB2 1HL, Cambridgeshire, U.K. Email: oswaldcam@aol. com [PHO] Tippitiwitchet Cottage, Hall Road, Outwell, Wisbech PE14 8PE, Norfolk, U.K. Email: [email protected] [ECN] 17 18 Huntia 11(1) 2000 Achimenes (270) nom. rej.: according to Paxton blooming); “antherae oblongae sagittatae & (1868), a word of unknown meaning; subarcuatae.…” Melastomataceae, 35 spp: 1 others have suggested a derivation from G. sp. in Jamaica (A. quadrata Pers.; syn. Rhexia - - a- (negative prefix), chimaeno (I am stormy), acisanthera L.). perhaps intended to have the meaning of the Adelia (361) nom. rej.: from G. adelia- - (uncertainty, - - related noun chimon (winter). Rejecting this obscurity), derived from a- (negative prefix), latter interpretation, Souster (1959) remarked delos- , (clear, manifest); probably an allusion to that “The origin of the name … [is] a matter the obscure (i.e., minute) flowers,“Periantium for guess-work.” In this overlooked note, Biphyllum minimum” (cf. Adelia L.). (= Forestiera Souster pointed out that Dioscorides (ad ca. Poir. (Oleaceae)). 40–ca. 90) had used the name Achaemenis for Alicastrum (372) nom. rej.: from L. alica (a a plant otherwise known as Polium, which kind of grain, spelt), -astrum (suffix, usually has been identified as Teucrium polium L. indicating incomplete likeness or inferiority). He commented that Browne would almost This name was used by Columella, a Roman certainly have known of this, and suggested writer on husbandry (fl.ad 50), for a kind of that Browne simply reused Dioscorides’ spelt, summer-spelt. name: “In borrowing, adapting, and applying The vernacular name given by Browne was this name to a quite different plant, he would bread-nuts. He also stated that young shoots only have been doing what has been done and leaves were “a hearty fattening fodder” for many times before and since with classical cattle, while the fruits, eaten with meat, had plant names.” been “frequently the support of the negroes Browne wrote that “this beautiful vegetable and poorer sorts of white people, in times of is a native of the cooler mountains … and scarcity.” (= Brosimum Sw. (Moraceae)). deserves to be cultivated in all the flower- Amellus (317) nom. rej.: the name used by Virgil gardens, in the cooler parts [of Jamaica].” (= (70–19 bc) for an aster (perhaps Aster amellus Columnea L. (Gesneriaceae)). L.) that grew by the River Mella, northern Acidoton (355) nom. rej.: neuter of G. acidotos- Italy. The Jamaican plant looks like an aster. (pointed); Browne described this as “Frutescens (= Liabum Adans. (Asteraceae)). aculeatum & diffusum.…” (= Flueggea Willd. Amerimnon (288): a plant name used by Pliny (the (Euphorbiaceae)). Elder, ad 23 or 24–79), neuter of G. amerimnos Acidoton was a plant name used by (free from care, uncared for, bringing more Dioscorides as a synonym for potirrion or freedom from care), derived from a- (negative - poterion, a name used by the Ancient Greeks prefix), merimna (care, especially anxious for a burnet not belonging to the present- care). Paxton (1868) stated that Pliny’s name day genus Poterium (Rosaceae) according to applied to “the house-leek [Sempervivum sp.] Stearn (1992), although Liddell and Scott … in allusion to the little attention the plant (1940) identified it as “goat’s thorn”, a species requires.” (= Dalbergia L.f. (Fabaceae). D. of Astragalus (Fabaceae). brownei (Jacq.) Urb. (syn. Amerimnon brownei Acidocroton: Brummitt (1992) also listed Acidocroton Sw.) is named after Browne. D. ecastaphyllum P. Browne, but that generic name, if it exists, (L.) Taub. incorporates Browne’s generic was not published by Browne. name Ecastaphyllum (see below).). Acisanthera (217): properly Acidanthera, from G. Amyris (208): probably related to G. myron - acis (a point, barb), and botanical L. anthera (sweet oil, unguent, perfume); the prefix - (anther, from feminine of G. antheros, flowery, a- is certainly not negative, and perhaps was Oswald & Nelson: Jamaican plant genera 19 intended to be intensive. “All the parts of this and naturalist who had died in Jamaica in tree are full of warm, aromatic particles, and August 1733. (= Adelia L. (Euphorbiaceae)). may be used in baths and fermentations … The Beureria (492) nom. rej.: see Bourreria. berries … have much of the taste of the balsam Blakea (323): after Martin Blake, of Antigua, Copaiba.” Rutaceae, 30 spp: 3 spp in Jamaica. “a gentleman to whose friendship this work (Linnaeus to Browne 19 October 1756). [The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica] chiefly Anthelmenthia (156): properly Anthelminthia, owes its early appearance” (cf. Curtis’s Botanical from G. anti- (prefix meaning against, in Magazine, tab. 451). Blake subscribed for opposition to), helminthion, diminutive of four copies of The Civil and Natural History helmins (an intestinal worm): “takes its present of Jamaica (Linnaeus to Browne 19 October denomination from its peculiar efficacy 1756). We have not identified this person in destroying of worms.…” (= Spigelia L. definitively, but he may have been one (Loganiaceae)). Major Martin Blake of Antigua (described Argythamnia (338): properly Argyrothamnia, from as “late of St Christopher’s” in 1735), whose G. argyros (silver), thamnos (a bush); “Fruticosa, will, dated 29 July 1767 (then of Sevenoaks, tota albida.…” Euphorbiaceae, 17 spp: 1 sp. in Kent), was proven on 16 October 1767 (Olive Jamaica. 1894). Melastomataceae, 100 spp: 2 spp, both Ateramnus (339): from G. ateramnos (unsoftened, endemic, in Jamaica. hard, stubborn, merciless), derived from a- (negative prefix), teramnos (see Teramnus below); Euphorbiaceae, 4 spp in Jamaica; sometimes placed within Sapium P.Br. (“An, ad Sapium referri debet?”), and also regarded as synonymous with Gymnanthes Sw. (cf. Brummitt 1992). Barbilus (216): from G. barbilos (seedling peach- tree, related to brabylos: see Brabila below). Browne commented that this plant, called bastard iron-wood, “seems to be nearly akin to Trichilia.” (= Trichilia P.Br. (Meliaceae)). Batis (356): a plant name used by Pliny, G. batis, akin to batos (bramble). Bataceae, 2 spp: B. maritima L. (Jamaican samphire, saltwort, beachwort) in Jamaica. (Linnaeus to Browne 19 October 1756). Bernardia (361): perhaps coined by Browne as a compliment to one Charles Bernard, listed as a subscriber to The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica.
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