機密性○情報1st Meeting of the Standing Group of Experts on African Swine Fever for Asia○○限り

ASF Prevention and Control Strategies in

Animal Health Division Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan

1 ASF prevention and control strategies

Prevent ASF virus from entering Japan - Strict border control measures

Prevent ASF virus from entering farms - Biosecurity measures on Farm

Early detection and rapid response - Awareness campaign and emergency preparedness

2 Outline of the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control

Objective of the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Disease Control: to promote livestock industries through prevention and containment of domestic animal infectious diseases Measures for prevention In the case of an outbreak... Measures for containment

Countries and regions Prefectural Livestock with outbreaks Prefectural Livestock Hygiene Service MAFF Hygiene Service Centers MAFF Cooperation Centers Development and review of disease control Development and review of guidelines disease control guidelines Municipalities (emergency guidelines, if necessary) Preparedness for outbreaks Cooperate with prefectures Financial support (cost for control in implementing measures disinfection, culling, etc.) •Guidance, recommendations and orders based on the disease Personnel support (sending experts to ensure appropriate implementation of control guidelines and emergency support teams) biosecurity standards at farms • Preparation of off-farm burial sites Measures to prevent the spread • Disinfecting affected farms • Culling infected and/or suspected animals. • Restricting/blocking access to areas around affected Early detection and reporting; ; farms • Restricting the movement of livestock, suspending Strict control at entry points by • Notify when infected and/or operations of slaughterhouses, horse races and markets... Animal Quarantine Service, suspected animals are found • Disinfecting vehicles that go through disinfection points MAFF For specific diseases (FMD, AI): Notify • Incinerating and/or burying infected animals’ corpses and when animals with specific symptoms contaminated goods • Quarantine for export/import of animals are found • Preventive culling (only for FMD) and products. • Interviews, inspection and disinfection of personal belongings

Affected farms

Personnel Personnel support (sending epidemiologicalteams)study support Financial

Financial support by MAFF Livestock • Compensation for culling (1/3 or 4/5 of the estimated market Strict biosecurity measures at farms owners price by diseases for infected animals and 4/5 for suspected animals. 100% for specific diseases such as FMD and HPAI) • Compliance with the biosecurity standards • Reduction of compensation for those who did not take the • Installation of disinfection equipment necessary measures (moral hazard). • Securing the land necessary for burial of • Paying for the costs of incineration and burial of livestock corpses infected animals and materials. and contaminated materials • Annual reporting of the biosecurity situation • Compensation for economic losses caused by movement restrictions established around affected farms 3 ASF prevention and control strategies

Prevent ASF virus from entering Japan - Strict border control measures

4 Prevent ASFV from entering Japan(1) Location of Animal Quarantine Service and designated ports in Japan

Animal Quarantine Service (AQS) Designated ports without AQS offices TotalNo. of104designated Animal Quarantine ports （59 Officers seaports and 45 airports) Year 1989 1998 2016 2017 2018 2019 No. 193 ２６２ ４１６ ４３５ ４６０ ４８１２６２

Hakodate AP Okinawa Iburi

Naha AP Hokkaido and Tohoku

Okayama AP Kobe Komatsu Niigata AP The AQS Quarantine facilities…. for livestocks Moji Hiroshima AP (cows, pigs, horses, and Hakata Osaka others) Tokyo for monkeys Fukuoka AP Head Office Sendai AP for dogs (dogs, cats, (Yokohama) Nagasaki AP dogs,cats,foxes,skunks,rac Chiba coons) Shikoku Nagoya AP: Airport Branch Yokkaichi Kawasaki Narita Sub-Branch Shizuoka Annex Haneda AP Kagoshima AP Kansai AP Chubu AP 5 日本における動植物検疫探知犬の概要Quarantine Detector Dogs in Japan

○ Quarantine detector dogs discovers the target of animal and plant quarantine from the baggage of passengers and have contributed to prevent animal products and plant products that are brought into Japan illegally. ※Number of Quarantine detector dog is 33 in Japan （Beagle：31, Labrador retriever:2 ） Chitose Airport Narita Airport ★

★ ★ ★ ★ ★★★ Nitro Roxy Tina Gary Tally Jag Megu Botan Additional 4 dogs have been （Male） （Female） （Female）（Male） （Male） （Male） （Female）（Female） working since Feb 1st, 2019 Kansai Airport

Bucky Neal Davu Fuji Rui Cecil Bo Albert Bayou Momo Tarou （Male） （Male） （Female） （Male） （Female） （Male） （Male） （Male） （Male）（Female） （male） Chubu Airport Kawasaki Post office

Ceasar Hunter Litteleman Ran Tank Alexis Jiro Rusty Harper Bean （Male） 6 （Male） （Male）（Female） （Male） （Female）（Male） （Male） （Female） （Female） Prevent ASFV from entering Japan(2) Enhanced border control measures against ASF Outbreak(1) (From 4th August 2018)

1 Prevention of illegal import of meat products ➢ Increase number of quarantine detector dogs -by 4 heads, in total 33 heads ➢ Temporary deployment of animal quarantine officer to main ports - About 290 animal quarantine officers in total have been deployed to the main 7 international airports during Chinese New Year ➢ Intensify inspection for the passengers traveled by flights straight from China, Mongolia, Vietnam (almost 1,250 flights /week)

Activity of quarantine detector dog Interview by AQS officer 7 PreventEnhancedEnhanced ASFV border Animal from control entering Quarantine measures Japan(2) Enhancedfor Africanagainst border African Swinecontrol Swine Fevermeasures Fever Outbreak against Outbreak ASF in (2) ChinaOutbreak(2) th (From((From 4 th 44AugustthAugustAugust 2018 2018 )) )

1 Prevention of illegal import of meat products(cont.) ➢ Intensive inspection on porcine products imported from China, Mongolia, and Vietnam - Performed PCR tests for ASFV 242 porcine products carried by passengers and detected 18 PCR positive cases - Live ASF viruses were isolated from 2 items carried by passenger from China ➢ Strengthen inspection for international mail - Detection by detector dogs at international post office - The amount of detected import-prohibited items from 4th August to 1st February：over 3,500 cases（≒ 4 ton）

➢ Ensure steady disinfection of shoe soles and vehicle at each ports.

8 The number of prohibited goods in baggage illegal importing into Japan (2013-2017)

The number of prohibited goods The number of those detected by in luggage dogs (including in mails) （28） 94,522 84,025 （26） 37,601

62,742 28,203 57,213 （22） 45,292 （20） （14）*dogs 16,520 13,379 10,252

2013H.25 2014H.26 2015H.27 2016H.28 2017H.29 2013H.25 2014H.26 2015H.27 2016H.28 2017H.29

The countries of origin of the goods (2017) Rank Country Number of cases １ China 41,702 ２ Vietnam 13,011 ３ Philippine 8,008 ４ Taiwan 7,212 The dog notify the handler of The handler asks the animal 9 ５ Korea 6,319 detection by sitting pose. quarantine officer to inspect. Detection of ASFV by PCR in pork products in the baggage of passengers from China(As of 3rd April)

1. Pork sausage 7. Pork sausage 13. Pork sausage Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: 1 Oct. 2018 12 Jan. 2019 11 Feb. 2019 Arrived at: Shin-chitose airport Arrived at: Haneda airport Arrived at: airport Departed from: Beijin Departed from: Shanghai Departed from: Shanghai

2. Homemade dumpling 14. Pork sausage Arrival date of the passenger: 8. Pork sausage Arrival date of the passenger: 14 Oct. 2018 Arrival date of the passenger: 21 Feb. 2019 Arrived at: Haneda airport 26 Jan. 2019 Arrived at: Narita airport Departed from: Shanghai Arrived at: Kansai airport Departed from: Shenyang Departed from: Yanji

3. Pork sausage 9. Smoked pork 15. Pork sausage Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: 9 Nov. 2018 24 Jan. 2019 20 Feb. 2019 Arrived at: Narita airport Arrived at: Narita airport Arrived at: Narita airport Departed from: Dalian Departed from: Beijin Departed from: Hanoi

16. Pork sausage 4. Pork sausage 10. Pork sausage Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: 13 Mar. 2019 12 Jan. 2019 27 Jan. 2019 Arrived at: Chubu airport Arrived at: Chubu airport Arrived at: Fukuoka airport Departed from: Shenyang Departed from: Shanghai Departed from: Qingdao (ASF virus isolation: positive) 11. Pork sausage 17. Pork sausage 5. Homemade pork sausage Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: 31 Jan. 2019 13 Mar. 2019 12 Jan. 2019 Arrived at: Fukuoka airport Arrived at: Chubu airport Arrived at: Chubu airport Departed from: Qingdao Departed from: Shenyang Departed from: Shanghai (ASF virus isolation: positive) 12. Pork sausage 17. Pork/chicken sausage 6. Pork sausage Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: Arrival date of the passenger: 8 Feb. 2019 22 Mar. 2019 16 Jan. 2019 Arrived at: Naha airport Arrived at: Naha airport Arrived at: Chubu airport Departed from: Hangzhou Departed from: Shanghai Departed from: Shenyang PreventEnhanced ASFV border from control entering measures Japan(2) Enhancedagainst border African control Swine measures Fever against Outbreak ASF Outbreak(3)(2) th ((FromFrom 4 4thAugustAugust 2018 2018)) 1 Prevention of illegal import of meat products(cont.) ➢ More stringent application of penalties for violation of the Act - the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control stipulates the punishment with penal servitude for a term up to 3 years or a fine up to 1million yen

- Practically, application of punishment has been limited cases (e.g. livestock products illegally imported for commercial purposes)

- More stringent application of penalties from 22nd April 2019; AQS will issue a warning statement for all cases and gather information in the database and malicious cases will be reported to police or pressed charges 11 Prevent ASFV from entering Japan(2) Enhanced border control measures against ASF Outbreak(4) (From 4th August 2018)

2 Strengthen public relations activity ➢ Display posters - In addition to warning ASF, put up a poster for Chinese new year ➢ PR campaign, warning through media - Implement a campaign in cooperation with the Japanese Hog Pig Association (JPPA) ➢ Share information on SNS in China (Weibo etc.) and in Vietnam (Facebook etc.)

Warning campaign

Posters for ASF and Chinese New Year 12 (Japanese(left), Chinese(right)) Providing information in multi-languages

➢ Information of border measures in the AQS ➢ Narita Airport provide an App TABIMORI with HP in multi-language. information of AQS and cautions about border measures. In English, Chinese, Korean, Thai, Tagalog, Burmese and so on

１ Install the App, then access to ‘TABIMORI’ （*for free via Google play ore App store

２ Go to the info site ３ Jump to the info of public transportation

・Border Inspection ・Procedure of importing and exporting animal products, live animals

②Taking ① ③Cautions about ➢ Distributing multilingual movies on Youtube regarding Bringing animal border measures animal inspection and border measures this year. animal products products In Japanese、Chinese（簡体語、繁体語）、Vietnamese、Tagalog

13 【Chinese（簡体語）】【Chinese（繁体語）】 【Vetenamese】 【Tagalog】 Prevent ASFV from entering Japan(2) Enhanced border control measures against ASF Outbreak(5) (From 4th August 2018)

3 Cooperation with private sectors and relevant bodies ➢ Provide relevant information to flight companies

➢ request to post posters and deliver quarantine announce - Deliver in-flight announce on the flight from China (cover about 90% of all flights) - Displaying posters at the airport in China and Vietnam

➢ Provide information on animal quarantine rules to technical apprentices from foreign countries through relevant organizations

➢ Provide guidance about appropriate heat treatment of garbage（to 167 waste processing companies in total）

Ticket counter at the airport in China 14 ASF prevention and control strategies

Prevent ASF virus from entering farms - Biosecurity measures on farm

15 Animal Health System in Japan - Major players

(1) Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) provides basic policy and guidance on animal disease control measures in cooperation with prefectural governments, the National Institute of Animal Health and other relevant organizations. The Animal Quarantine Service, MAFF conducts import/export quarantine. (2) Prefectural governments establish local veterinary service centers (“Livestock Hygiene Service Centers”) as the front-line organizations to implement animal disease control measures. MAFF supports the activities of Livestock Hygiene Service Centers and organizes training for their veterinary staff. (3) National and local livestock industry associations for animal disease control (e.g. Livestock and Livestock Products Hygiene Guidance Associations) encourage producers to take voluntary actions (e.g. vaccinations, disinfection).

International organizations (eg. OIE)

Producers Livestock Hygiene Service Animal Quarantine Beef cattle: 48,000 farms Centers of the prefectural Food Safety and Service, MAFF (2.51 M head) governments Dairy cattle: 16,000 farms Consumer Affairs (1.33 M head) -168 centers (including disease Bureau, MAFF Pigs: 4,500 farms diagnosis centers) with (9.19 M head) 2,072 veterinarians Layers: 2,200 farms (as of Mar. 31, 2018) Head office, 8branches, (180 M hens) Ministry of Health, Labour and 16 sub-branches, with Broilers: 2,300 farms Welfare (MHLW) 435 animal quarantine officers (140 M broilers) -469Health Centers (as of Feb. 1, 2018) (as of Apr.1, 2018) (as of Apr. 2018)

Industrial associations -National Veterinary Assay Laboratory for disease control -National Institute of Animal Health 16 Prevention of introduction of ASFV into farms(1) Biosecurity Standards based on the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control

• On-farm biosecurity contributes to the prevention of disease outbreaks. It also plays an important role at the beginning of the food chain and contributes to food safety.

Strict biosecurity measures at farms Wholesalers, (Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Slaughterhouses and processing plants retailers Consumers Control)

Ensuring food safety through appropriate measures at each stage of the food supply processes (Slaughterhouse Act, Food Sanitation Act)

 Disposal of condemned animals (all or some of the animals)  Preventing microbial contamination of  Preventing microbial carcasses, cut meat and processed products contamination in carcasses  Disinfection gate for vehicles at Confirming compliance with biosecurity standards by prefectures entrance to a farm

On farm Inspection (at least once a year

in principle)

Orders

Penalty

Recommendations

Annual reporting of reporting Annual

Guidance and advice and Guidance the compliance situation compliance the

 Disinfection bath at entrance to a barn To those who do not obey the orders...

17 Prevention of introduction of ASFV into farms(2) Biosecurity Standards based on the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control

•In order to prevent outbreaks of animal infectious diseases, MAFF established standards of biosecurity measures (the Biosecurity Standards) to be complied with by the livestock owners, for all types of livestock subject to the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control (partly revised in February 2017).

 Biosecurity Standards 1.Comprehend the update information on biosecurity provided 6. Health check of the livestock and measures to be taken when by MAFF and Livestock Hygiene Service Centers abnormalities are observed 2. Set biosecurity control areas • Check the health condition daily. Notify immediately and • Distinguish areas that need strict biosecurity from other stop shipment in case of abnormal findings areas • Prevent leakage of livestock carcasses and excrement 3. Prevent invasion of pathogens into the biosecurity control when moving them. areas 7. Secure burial sites and disposal facilities • Restrict unnecessary access • Secure burial sites or prepare for the incineration or • Disinfect the equipment before installation rendering • (pig)Heat adequately feed containing raw meat 8. Keep records that enables prompt identification of the 4. Prevent invasion of pathogens from wild animals infection routes • Prevent contamination of feed and water supply systems • Keep records on visitors to the control areas with wild animal excrement 9. Additional measures to be taken by large-scale livestock • (poultry)Install prevention nets correctly to the owners poultry house • Secure a veterinarian responsible for coordinating with • Prevent invasion of wild animals into storage areas of Livestock Hygiene Service Centers livestock carcasses • Inform all the staff of the biosecurity rules for the urgent 5. Maintain hygienic conditions of the biosecurity control areas case • Wash or disinfect barns and instruments regularly and keep animals with appropriate density 18 ASF prevention and control strategies

Early detection and rapid response - Awareness campaign and emergency preparedness

19 Early detection and rapid response- awareness and preparedness (1) Educational materials for famers

Posters and short movies for farmers

20 Early detection and rapid response – awareness and preparedness (2) Information sharing to the local veterinary authorities and relevant organizations

Notification (22nd October, 2018) MAFF ordered prefectures and relevant organizations to strengthen the Biosecurity Standards in the farm.

21 Early detection and rapid response – awareness and preparedness (3) Guideline for the Control of Specific Domestic Animal Infectious Disease concerning ASF The guideline provide contingency plan for ASF such as; ➢ Local veterinary authority will be dispatched for on-site inspection and sampling in response to the report of the suspected cases

➢ Samples which requires ASF diagnosis will be sent to the NIAH after consultation with MAFF

➢ When ASF outbreak was confirmed, stamping out policy is applied to the infected farm and epidemiologically related farms

➢ Movement restriction area and transport restriction area will be established

➢ Epidemiological investigation and surveillance will be conducted

22 Other information

Current CSF situation in Japan

23 Current CSF situation inAs Japanof 30 Mar. 2019 Attachment2

Gifu prefecture

⑫ ⑪ ⑰ ⑩ ①,②,③,④,⑤,Nagano pref. ⑥,⑦,⑦-1,⑧-3, ⑩,⑪,⑫,⑰ ④ Shiga pref. ① ③ ⑧-3 ② ⑦ ⑦-1 ⑥ ⑤ Aichi prefecture ⑬ ⑮

⑧-2 ⑧

⑧-5 ⑧, ⑧-1 ⑨, ⑨-1,⑬, Osaka pref. ⑭,⑭-1,⑮, ⑨,⑨-1 ⑧-4 ⑭,⑭-1 ⑯ ⑯ ⑧-1 Prefecture where the CSF cases (1st to 17th) were found Prefecture where the epidemiologically related farms to the 8 case are sited

th On 9 September 2018, CSF has bee detected on the farm in Gifu prefecture for the first time in 26 years and 24 count for 17 cases by 3rd April 2019 Current CSF situation inAsJapan of 30 Mar. 2019 Attachment2

• CSF test for Wild boars(As of 3rd April 2019)

CSF positive Total Heads Area (heads) of tested

Gifu (affected pref.) 240 904

Aichi (affected pref. adjacent to Gifu) 13 193

Other prefectures 0 259

25 Current CSF situation inAsJapan of 30 Mar. 2019 Attachment2 Control measures on domestic pigs ➢ Infected farms and epidemiologically related farms - stamping out(with compensation), cleaning and disinfection, - movement control - Conduct epidemiological survey

➢ Surrounding farms - movement control, enhanced surveillance and monitoring

➢ Prevention of spreading - Strengthen biosecurity measures on farms including placement of fences around barns - A team consists of veterinary officials of MAFF and local veterinary authority, and experienced private veterinarian conducts farm visit to ensure biosecurity measures properly implemented in affected prefectures(Gifu, Aichi) - Encourage reporting of CSF suspected cases by defining certain clinical signs as “specific clinical signs for reporting “ in relevant regulations

- Disinfection of vehicles entering into infected areas 26 Current CSF situation inAsJapan of 30 Mar. 2019 Attachment2

Control measures on wild boars ➢ Intensified hunting by setting traps in Gifu and Aichi prefecture

➢ Testing of dead and captured wild boars

➢ Construction of fences around infected area

➢ Oral vaccination in designated areas in Gifu and Aichi prefecture since 24th March 2019 (3 periods in 2019)

27  Thank you for your attention 

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