Plant List for 2015

East Hill Tree Farm Plant List for 2015

Fruit Trees, Nuts, and Berries for Central Vermont

1 Nursery East Hill Tree Farm offers a wide range of hardy fruit trees, seedling nut trees, and berry plants. We manage organically and grow our plants in living soil. We strive to garden like the forest, endeavoring not to plant single trees, but to establish whole ecologies. We want you to succeed! We are happy to take the time to answer any questions you may have in order to ensure the success of your plantings. We sell rock minerals and fertilizers as well as screen and fencing to protect your trees from deer and rodents. Edible Landscaping Services We provide a range of services, from consultation to complete design and installation with ongoing seasonal maintenance. We understand that client participation is essential to the success of any design. We will work with you to determine what is appropriate for you and your site and provide information and education for future management. We recognize that humans are an integral part of nature working, and strive to engage our environment, enhancing the physical and spiritual vitality of the landscape and its inhabitants.

Front and back covers by Mary Azarian. Scratchboards by Erik Gillard. Additional woodcuts by Nicko Rubin. 2 Visiting East Hill Tree Farm We are open Saturday 9-4:30 and Sunday from 10-4:30 or by appointment (call Nicko at 802-454-7874). We are establishing experimental and demonstration plantings. Please come out for a visit! We are happy to show you our projects, from compost to kiwis.

Directions to the nursery at 3499 East Hill Rd: Via Route 2 Via 302 -Turn into the village of Plainfield at the - About 3.7 miles from Barre, turn onto blinking light. Reservoir Rd. Continue into Plainfield -Stay straight on Main St., go past the (becomes Brook Rd). Go a total of 5.5 Plainfield Co-op and up a little hill to a miles. fork in the road. -Turn right onto East Hill Rd. -Bear right onto East Hill Rd. -Travel 1 mile, the nursery is at the crest -Travel exactly 3.5 miles on East Hill Rd. of the hill on the right, just before the There is a brick house on the right and barn. a barn on the left. The nursery is just beyond the Barn.

Table of Contents: APPLES 5-10 CURRANTS 22-23 PEARS 11-13 GOOSEBERRIES 23 PLUMS 14-15 ADDITIONAL SMALL FRUITS 24-26 CHERRIES 16 USEFUL & ORNAMENTAL SPECIES 27-29 PEACHES 17 ROCK MINERALS 30 QUINCE 17 OUR SERVICES 32 MULBERRIES 17 PRUNING 33 NUT TREES 18-20 PLANTING INSTRUCTIONS 34-35 Blueberries 21-22

East Hill Tree Farm provides the resources to empower and enable communities in the Winooski Valley to reestablish the garden of Eden.

Check the website: www.easthilltreefarm.com for updates about workshops or sales, or like us on facebook. 3 Fruit Trees Fruit trees provide an awesome low maintenance resource which can last for generations. A few moments of planning and consideration often mean the difference between an abundance of fruit and a dead stick in the mud. In most cases it is important to plant multiple varieties of the same species for pollination. Fruit trees prefer a well drained location. Near the crest of a slope is preferable to the concave foot of the slope on most Vermont soils. Fertile garden soil is great for fruit trees but many sites will work well given a bit of compost and appropriate mineral amendments. The trees should receive as close to full sun as possible, flowers and fruit will form on branches in the sun. A regular breeze will help reduce insect and fungal pests. If needed, pruning should be done in winter or early spring when the trees are dormant. The most common fatal errors include planting trees in wet locations and failing to protect trees from deer and rodents.

Got pots? We are happy to take them off your hands and reuse them. We also offer $1 off future plant purchases for each large pot (tree size) returned and $.50 for each smaller pot.

4 3-4 ft $45 APPLES (Malus spp.) 4-6 ft $59 Apples, native to Central Asia, have become an integral member of the New England community. Once established, an apple tree can produce an abundance of fruit for generations. There are thousands of named apple varieties, and new varieties being named all the time. Flavors, textures, ripening times, and uses vary widely. Apples thrive in Vermont but are subject to a wide range of diseases and pests. Varieties selected for resistance to disease make it easier to grow high quality, attractive fruits, with better storage qualities. I recommend these disease resistant (D.R.) varieties. You need to have at least two trees for pollination. Apples are common enough in Vermont that you can often get away with planting one if a neighbor has a few trees. Wild trees or crab apples growing nearby can also serve as pollinators. More pollen often means more and larger fruit. Full size trees should be planted 25-35 feet apart; semi-dwarf trees 12-25 feet apart. APPLE VARIETIES Variety Season Rootstock D.R. Description Akane August M7 Y An aromatic firm but juicy fleshed early red apple. Nice balance of sweet and sharp flavors. Scab resistant. Ashmead’s October Standard and A very old drab, sometimes lumpy, slow Kernel M7 to bear, russeted apple with dense, sugary, and intensely flavorful flesh. Stores well. Baldwin October Standard Y A truly all purpose old American variety. Especially great for pies. Yellow with red blush. good resistance to pest and disease. Keeps well. Beacon August- Standard Y Red fruit, great for baking, makes a September beautiful red sauce. Good for fresh eating, softens quickly in storage. Ripens over a long period. Resistant to scab. Bethel October Standard Red striped Vermont original. Firm and flavorful fruits are good well into winter. Cortland September Standard Popular crisp tart old variety. Great fresh eating and baking. Connell Late Standard Hardy heavy bearing child of Macintosh.5 September AKA fireside. The large fruit are excellent for eating and cooking Crimson September M7 Y Crimson red fruit are firm and crisp with Crisp a nice tart flavor. Stores well. Scab resistant with an open growth pattern. Crimson Late Standard Y New disease resistant variety with crisp Topaz September juicy flesh and good sweet sharp flavor. Easy to grow. Dayton August G30 Y A firm, sweet, juicy, red apple, mild flavor. Highly scab resistant. Excellent backyard apple. Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good September for fresh eating but best for pies and sauce. Bears abundantly. Fameuse Late Standard Bright red skin with snow white flesh. (Snow September Parent of Macintosh. Excellent fresh Apple) eating and sauce. Old variety. Keeps into December. Freedom Late Standard and Y Crisp, juicy, and tart, good for fresh September M7 eating, sauces, juice, and keeps well. Vigorous and productive. Immune or resistant to most major apple diseases. Frostbite September- Standard Y Formerly ‘MN 447’. Small striped red October over yellow fruit are extremely sweet with intense, unusual, tropical molasses flavor. Crisp, firm, and juicy. Also excellent for cider. Galarina Late M106 Y Crisp and Sweet. Similar to Gala but September with greater hardiness and disease resistance. Ginger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, best for fresh eating, good for baking and sauce.

Golden September- Standard Very sweet hard fruit, stores all winter. Russet October One of the best cider varieties. Goldrush October M7 Y Crisp, sweet, and flavorful. Stores very well, flavor improves with storage. May be difficult to ripen fully in Central VT. Goodland September Standard Crisp, juicy, aromatic flesh. Good fresh eating, baking and sauce. Very hardy. Haralred Early October Standard Y Hard crisp apples which keep well into winter. Good for cooking and fresh eating. Prone to biennial bearing once mature. Naturally stays 15-20’. Hardy. Hazen Late August Standard Y Large Juicy dark red fruit, great fresh eating, easy to grow, with few pest and disease problems. Natural dwarf. Honeycrisp Late Standard Exciting, super-crisp and juicy apple September M7 and variety. Large, tasty, attractive fruit M106 stores into winter. Honeygold October M7 Very hardy very sweet yellow apple. Stores very well. Iowa Beauty Early Standard Golden yellow splashed red. Yellow flesh September is rich and juicy and tangy tart. Kingston September standard Topnotch cider variety, high tannins, high Black acid, and high sugar. 2” deep purple fruit. Juice Box September Standard The first East Hill introduction. Explosively juicy, crunchy, sweet, and highly flavorful small yellow apples. Quick to bear. Perfect for filling pockets.

Liberty Late Standard and Y Productive new variety, resistant to scab September M7 and cedar apple rust. Crisp, juicy, and flavorful. Keeps well. Does very well with no spraying. Robust and vigorous. An excellent apple for a home orchard.

Norland August Standard Super hardy natural semi-dwarf tree. Quick to come into bearing. Good for fresh eating and cooking. Northwest Late Standard Old variety. Yellow green fruit is firm, Greening September- dense, and tart. Similar to Granny Smith. Early October Very good for cooking. NY 414 M106 Y A Macintosh crossed with Liberty. Good disease resistance. Deep burgundy color. Excellent balance of sweet tart flavors, compared favorably to Macoun.

NY 828 M106 A mystery to us, try it if you dare. Pristine August Standard and Y Crisp, very sweet yellow apples are M7 excellent for fresh eating and baking. An easy early apple for the home orchard. Red August Standard Hardy, robust, and attractive trees bear Astrachan crimson fruit over several weeks. Great for pies, good for fresh eating and cider. Red Baron Late Standard Y Hardy and productive old variety, quick September to start bearing. Medium yellow red fruit are sweet and mild, good for fresh eating, pies, and sauce. Somewhat resistant to scab and fireblight.

Roxbury Late Standard and Y Perhaps the oldest American apple. Russet September - M7 Medium-small fruit have crisp, coarse October flesh with very sweet, pleasant tartness. Great hard cider. Stores well.

Rubinette Late G30 Medium to small, red striped orange September fruit with a superb, sparkling, sweet, and sharp flavor. Slow growing and susceptible to scab.

Scott October Standard Old VT variety. Red over yellow skin Winter with tender yellow flesh. Smallish, juicy, tart fruit sweeten in storage. Keeper. Snowsweet September Standard and Lovely red fruit with a delicious sweet, M7 slightly tart taste. White flesh is slow to oxidize. Some resistance to scab and fireblight.

Spartan September- Standard and Y Medium sized deep red fruit with pure October M7 white flesh, crisp, sweet and mildly tart aromatic flavor. Excellent fresh eating. Heavy bearer.

St. Lawrence September Standard Old variety. Tender white flesh stained with red. Striped red over yellow. Very good fresh eating. State Fair August- Standard Tart and firm red striped fruit are one of September the best early apples for eating and baking. Very hardy. Stayman September- Standard Y Large red fruit with rich tart flavor. Flesh Winesap October is firm but tender. Excellent cooking. Sweet Late Standard and A red striped apple with excellent Sixteen September M7 unusual flavor “like cherry candy”. Resistant to fireblight and somewhat resistant to scab. Tolman September Standard Very distinctive olde tymey taste. Sweet Sweet with little to no acid. Pale yellow with light russeting. Early American variety. Wealthy September Standard and Prolific old multi-purpose apple. Crisp, Apple M7 sweet, and tart. Somewhat resistant to scab. Quick to start bearing. Westfield September Standard Rich honey flavor, slightly buttery but Seek-No- firm texture. Mildly tart. Very good all Further purpose apple. Williams August- M7 Y Spicy, full flavored scab immune early Pride September apple. Medium red fruit. Wolf River September Standard Y An old variety once very popular around central Vermont. Large fruit excellent for cooking and drying. Resistant to scab. Develops a distinctive weeping form. Yellow Early August Standard Y The first apples of the year. A very hardy Transparent old variety with good resistance to scab. Eat fresh a few days before fully ripe, when they are crisp and tart. Ripe they become sweet and soft with transparent flesh, perhaps the best sauce apple. Zestar! Late August Standard and Exceptionally sweet and flavorful new M7 variety. Excellent for fresh eating and cooking. Stores well for an early apple. Resistant to mildew and fireblight. Variety Season Rootstock D.R. Description Akane August M7 Y An aromatic firm but juicy fleshed early red apple. Nice balance of sweet and sharp flavors. Scab resistant. Ashmead’s October Standard and A very old drab, sometimes lumpy, slow Kernel M7 to bear, russeted apple with dense, sugary, and intensely flavorful flesh. Stores well. Baldwin October Standard Y A truly all purpose old American variety. Especially great for pies. Yellow with red blush. good resistance to pest and disease. Keeps well. Beacon August- Standard Y Red fruit, great for baking, makes a September beautiful red sauce. Good for fresh eating, softens quickly in storage. Ripens over a long period. Resistant to scab. Bethel October Standard Red striped Vermont original. Firm and flavorful fruits are good well into winter. APPLECortland VARIETIESSeptember (continued)Standard Popular crisp tart old variety. Great Variety Season Rootstock D.R. fresh eating andDe baking.scription CConnellentennial LLateate August SStandardtandard RHardyed ov heavyer ora nbearingge crab child app leof, eMacintosh.xcellent Crabapple September fAKAor fr efireside.sh eatin gThe. G olargeod fo fruitr a f rareont yard wexcellenthere fru forit li teatingter ma andy be cooking a nuisance. CCrimsonhestnut LSeptemberate August SM7tandard Y ACrimson vigorou reds an fruitd dis earease firm res iandstan tcrisp tree with. CCrisprabapple Ba eniceauti ftartul w flavor.hite bl oStoresoms y iwell.eld a Scabswee t and tresistantasty frui twith with an an open awes growthome nu tpattern.ty flavor. CCrimsonortland LLateate SStandardtandard Y ANew ver ydisease popul aresistantr crisp fl avarietyvorful owithld v acrispriety . Topaz SSeptembereptember Tjuicyhe s fleshtripp eandd r egoodd ap psweetles ar esharp exce lflavor.lent fo r eEasyatin gto fr grow.esh and cooking (especially pies). CDaytonrimson SAugusteptember MG307 Y CAr firm,imso nsweet, red fr juicy,uit ar ered fir mapple, and mildcrisp with Crisp aflavor. nice tHighlyart flav scabor th resistant.at store w Excellentell. Good sbackyardcab resis tapple.ance and open growth pattern Duchess August- Standard mTartake and tre ejuicys gro largewer fredrien fruitdly. are good Crimson LSeptemberate M7 Y Aforn efreshxciti neatingg new but dis ebestase rforesi spiestant and var iety. Topaz September Psauce.roduc Bearses me dabundantly.ium size crisp, juicy fruit, Fameuse Late Standard wBrightith go redod fskinlavo rwith. At tsnowractiv ewhite oran flesh.ge an d (Snow September rParented ove ofr yMacintosh.ellow fruit. Excellent fresh DApple)ayton August G30 Y Aeating firm ,and sw esauce.et, juic Oldy, re variety.d apple ,Keeps somew intohat mDecember.ild flavor. Highly Scab resistant. Freedom Late Standard and Y ECrisp,xcelle juicy,nt ba candkya rtart,d ap goodple. for fresh Dolgo LSeptemberate August SM7tandard Y Leating,ovely fsauces,lowerin juice,g cra band, pr okeepsduce swell. swe et, tVigorousart 1” ap pandles , productive.excellent fo Immuner jam or orcid er. Fameuse August- M7 Presistantarent of toM amostcinto smajorh. Sno applew wh diseases.ite flesh is (Frostbitesnow apple) SSeptember-eptember Standard Y tFormerlyender an d‘MN slig h447’.tly sp Smallicy. D stripedelicious red for October foverresh yelloweating, fruitbakin areg, o extremelyr cider. sweet Florina Late B118 or M7 Y Bwitheau tintense,iful purp unusual,le red o vtropicaler yello wmolasses fruit, flavor. Crisp, firm, and juicy. Also September crisp, very juicy, with a good mild excellent for cider. buttery flavor. Medium to large fruit Galarina Late M106 Y kCrispeep w andell. Sweet.Vigoro uSimilars. to Gala but September with greater hardiness and disease Freedom Late M7 Y Bresistance.right red fruit is crisp, juicy, and tart, Apple September good for fresh eating, sauces, juice, and August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden Ginger Gold keep well. Trees are vigorous and delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, productive. Immune to apple scab and best for fresh eating, good for baking and resistant to most major apple diseases. sauce. Frostbite September- Standard Y Formerly ‘MN 447’. Small Striped red Golden September- Standard Very sweet hard fruit, stores all winter. October over yellow fruit are extremely sweet Russet October One of the best cider varieties. with intense, unusual, tropical molasses Goldrush October M7 Y fCrisp,lavor. Csweet,risp, fandirm, flavorful.and juicy .Stores Also very ewell,xcel lflavorent fo rimproves cider. with storage. May be difficult to ripen fully in Central VT. Galarina Late M7 Crisp and sweet fruits, similar in flavor Goodland SSeptembereptember Standard aCrisp,nd ap pjuicy,eara naromaticce to the flesh. gala aGoodpple, bfreshut eating, baking and sauce. Very hardy. 6 with greater hardiness and disease Haralred Early October Standard Y rHardesist acrispnce. apples which keep well into Ginger Gold August M7 Ywinter.ellow gGoodold fr uforit, scookingimilar to and go ldfreshen deating.eliciou Prones. Swe toet wbiennialith a m bearingild tart fonceinish, bmature.est for fNaturallyresh eatin staysg, go o15-20’.d for b Hardy.aking and Hazen Late August Standard Y sLargeauce. Juicy dark red fruit, great fresh Haralred Early October Standard Y Heating,ard c reasyisp a topp lgrow,es wh iwithch ke fewep w pestell i nandto wdiseaseinter. Gproblems.ood for c Naturalooking adwarf.nd fresh Honeycrisp Late Standard eExciting,ating. Pr super-crispone to bien nandial bjuicyeari nappleg onc e September M7 and mvariety.ature. Large,Natur atasty,lly st aattractiveys 15-20’. fruitVery M106 hstoresardy. into winter. HHoneygoldoneycrisp LOctoberate SM7tandard and EVeryxciti nhardyg, sup veryer c rsweetisp an dyellow juicy n apple.ew ap ple September M7 vStoresariety . veryLarg ewell., tasty, attractive fruit stores into winter. Iowa Beauty Early Standard Golden yellow splashed red. Yellow flesh Liberty LSeptemberate M7 Y Pisr orichduc andtive juicynew andvari etangyty, re tart.sistant to scab September and cedar apple rust. Crisp, juicy, and Kingston September standard Topnotch cider variety, high tannins, high flavorful. Keeps well. Does very well Black acid, and high sugar. 2” deep purple fruit. with no spraying. Particularly robust and Juice Box September Standard vTheigor firstous. EastAn e Hillxce lintroduction.lent apple for a home Explosively juicy, crunchy, sweet, and orchard. highly flavorful small yellow apples. Northwest Late Standard OQuickld va rtoie tbear.y. Ye lPerfectlow gre eforn ffillingruit is pockets. firm, Greening September- dense, and tart. Similar to Granny Smith. Liberty ELatearly October Standard and Y VProductiveery good fnewor c ovariety,oking. resistant to scab September M7 and cedar apple rust. Crisp, juicy, and Pristine August M7 Y Crisp, very sweet yellow apples are flavorful. Keeps well. Does very well excellent for fresh eating and baking. with no spraying. Robust and vigorous. One of the easiest early apples for home An excellent apple for a home orchard. orchards. Lodi August Standard Slightly later and firmer than yellow Red Baron Late Standard Very hardy and productive old variety, transparent, good eating when just September quick to start bearing. Medium yellow picked. Great for sauce and baking. red fruit are sweet and mild, good for Macfree September- M106 Y fSimilarresh ea totin itsg, pparent,ies, and macintosh, sauce. Som withewh at October raromatic,esistant t otender scab aflesh.nd fir Dramaticallyeblight. improved resistance to disease. Red Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good Macoun SLateept ember Standard and fAo rMacintosh fresh eati ntype,g bu tcrisp best whitefor pi efleshs and September- M7 stexture,auce. Be andars averybun dniceantl ybalanced. flavor. October Great for fresh eating. Redree August M7 Y A bright red, early season apple. Highly Major Late August- Standard rEarlyesist aripeningnt to sc abittersweetb, and othe rcider majo variety.r apple September High acid, high sugar. diseases. Tasty, dessert quality. Firm Mutsu October Standard wAKAhite -Crispin.fleshed fVeryruits largestore greenwell f oapple.r an eSuperarly a pcrispple. and honey sweet. Great for baking (retains its shape) and for fresh Roxbury Late M7 Y Peatingerhap (thoughs the old large).est Am Noteric an pollinator. apple Russet September - variety. Medium to small fruit have crisp, Norland OAugustctober Standard cSuperoarse hardy flesh wnaturalith ver semi-dwarfy sweet, ple tree.asant tQuickartnes tos. Ecomexcelle intont fo bearing.r hard c iGoodder. for Rfreshesis teatingant to andscab cooking.. Stores well. RNorthwestubinette LLateate GStandard30 MOlded ivariety.um to s mYellowall, re dgreen strip efruitd o risa nfirm,ge Greening SSeptember-eptember fdense,ruit w itandh a tart.supe rSimilarb, spar tokli nGrannyg, swee Smith.t, and Early October sVeryharp goodflavo rfor. Sl ocooking.w growing and NY 414 M106 Y sAu sMacintoshceptible to crossed scab. with Liberty. Good Snowsweet September Standard and Ldiseaseovely r resistance.ed fruit wit Deeph a de burgundylicious sw ecolor.et, M7 sExcellentlightly ta rbalancet taste. Wof hsweetite fle starth is flavors,slow to ocomparedxidize. So mfavorablye resist atonc eMacoun. to scab and NY 828 M106 fAir emysteryblight. to us, try it if you dare. SPristineweet LAugustate SStandardtandard aandnd Y ACrisp, red sverytripe sweetd appl eyellow with eapplesxcelle naret Sixteen September BM79 uexcellentnusual fl aforvor fresh “like eatingcherr yand can baking.dy”. An Reasyesis tearlyant t oapple fireb forligh thet an homed som eorchard.what resistant to scab. Red August Standard Hardy, robust, and attractive trees bear WAstrachanealthy September Standard and Ecrimsonxcellent fruit mul toveri-pur pseveralose ap pweeks.le. Cr isGreatp Apple M7 Sforwe pies,et an goodd tart for, so mfreshewh eatingat res iandstan tcider. to scab. Quick to start bearing often in 1-2 Red Baron Late Standard Y Hardy and productive old variety, quick years. Prolific old variety. September to start bearing. Medium yellow red fruit Williams Late August- M7 Y Aare b rsweetight re andd ap mild,ple w goodith a sforpic yfresh full flavor. Pride Early Teating,he me pies,dium and to lsauce.arge fr uSomewhatit are imm une September tresistanto scab. to scab and fireblight.

WRedfreeolf River SAugusteptember SM7tandard Y An bright old v aredriet yearly onc eapple. very Highlypopula rresistant around Apple ctoen scab,tral V anderm otheront. L amajorrge fr uappleit ex cdiseases.ellent fTasty,or coo dessertking an dquality. drying Firm. Res iwhite-fleshedstant to scab. Dfruitseve lostoreps a dwellistin forctiv ane w earlyeepi napple.g form . YReineellow des ELatearly August SStandardtandard Y TTart,he f isweet,rst app lfirmes o fand the flavorful. year. A vAnery hardy TReinettesransparent Septmeber- ooutstandingld variety w eatingith go oapple.d res iRemainsstance to firm sca b. October Ebutat fnotresh dry a f einw baking. days b eKeepsfore fu well.lly ripe, when they are crisp and tart. Ripe they Rhode Island September- Standard Very large, tart, firm apple. Great for become sweet and soft with transparent Greening October baking, retains its texture. Best flavor for flesh, perhaps the best sauce apple. fresh eating after storage. Heirloom. Zestar! Late August Standard Exceptionally sweet and flavorful new Richie’s September- Standard Handsome red striped fruits are very variety. Excellent for fresh eating and Court October firm, crunchy, and sweet. Trees are long clivedook iandng. productive,Stores well f100+or an yrea oldrly apple. Rspecimenesistant thereo po wond ethery mfarm.ildew and fireblight. Roxbury Late Standard and Y Perhaps the oldest American apple. Russet September - M7 Medium-small fruit have crisp, coarse October flesh with very sweet, pleasant tartness. Great hard cider. Stores well.

Rubinette Late G30 Medium to small, red striped orange September fruit with a superb, sparkling, sweet, and sharp flavor. Slow growing and susceptible to scab.

Spartan September- Standard and Y Medium sized deep red fruit with pure October M7 white flesh, crisp, sweet and mildly tart aromatic flavor. Excellent fresh eating. Heavy bearer.

Golden September- Standard Very sweet hard fruit, stores all winter. Russet October One of the best cider varieties. Goldrush October M7 Y Crisp, sweet, and flavorful. Stores very APPLE VARIETIES (continued) well, flavor improves with storage. May Variety Season Rootstock D.R. be difficult toD ripenesc rfullyipt iinon Central VT. CGoodlandentennial LSeptemberate August SStandardtandard RCrisp,ed ov juicy,er or aaromaticnge crab flesh.apple ,Good excel lfreshent Crabapple feating,or fres bakingh eatin gand. G osauce.od fo rVery a fro hardy.nt yard Haralred Early October Standard Y wHardhere crisp fruit appleslitter m whichay be keepa nui swellance into. Chestnut Late August Standard Y Awinter. vigor oGoodus an dfor di scookingease res andistan fresht tree . Crabapple Beating.eautif uPronel whit eto b lbiennialooms y ibearingeld a sw onceeet a nd tmature.asty fru iNaturallyt with an astaysweso 15-20’.me nut Hardy.ty flavor. CHazenortland LLateate August SStandardtandard Y ALarge very Juicy pop udarklar c rredisp fruit,flavo rgreatful ol dfresh vari ety. September Teating,he str easyipped to re grow,d app lwithes ar efew ex cpestelle nandt fo r ediseaseating fr problems.esh and co Naturaloking (e sdwarf.pecially pies). CHoneycrisprimson SLateepte mber MStandard7 Y CExciting,rimson super-crispred fruit ar eand firm juicy and apple crisp with Crisp September M7 and avariety. nice ta Large,rt flavo tasty,r tha tattractive store we lfruitl. Go od M106 sstorescab re intosista nwinter.ce and open growth pattern Honeygold October M7 mVeryake hardytrees gveryrow sweeter frie nyellowdly. apple. Crimson Late M7 Y AStoresn exc iveryting nwell.ew disease resistant variety. Topaz September Iowa Beauty Early Standard PGoldenroduce yellows medi usplashedm size c rred.isp, jYellowuicy fru fleshit, September wis itrichh go andod fjuicylavor and. At ttangyractiv etart. orange and red over yellow fruit. Kingston September standard Topnotch cider variety, high tannins, high DBlackayton August G30 Y Aacid, firm and, sw higheet, sugar.juicy, r2”ed deepapple purple, some wfruit.hat mild flavor. Highly Scab resistant. September Standard The first East Hill introduction. Juice Box Excellent backyard apple. Explosively juicy, crunchy, sweet, and Dolgo Late August Standard Y Lhighlyovely flavorfulflowerin smallg crab yellow, prod uapples.ces sw eet, tQuickart 1” toap pbear.les, e Perfectxcellen tfor fo rfilling jam opockets.r cider.

FLibertyameuse ALateugu st- MStandard7 and Y PProductivearent of M newacint ovariety,sh. Sno resistantw white ftole sscabh is (snow apple) September September M7 tandend cedarer and apple slight rust.ly spi cCrisp,y. De ljuicy,icious and for fresh eating, baking, or cider. flavorful. Keeps well. Does very well Florina Late B118 or M7 Y Bwitheau tnoifu l spraying.purple r eRobustd over yandello vigorous.w fruit, September cAnris pexcellent, very jui cappley, wi tforh a ag ohomeod m iorchard.ld buttery flavor. Medium to large fruit Lodi August Standard Slightly later and firmer than yellow keep well. Vigorous. transparent, good eating when just Freedom Late M7 Y Bpicked.right r eGreatd frui tfor is csaucerisp, juandicy ,baking. and tart, Apple September good for fresh eating, sauces, juice, and Macfree September- M106 Y Similar to its parent, macintosh, with keep well. Trees are vigorous and October aromatic, tender flesh. Dramatically productive. Immune to apple scab and improved resistance to disease. resistant to most major apple diseases. Macoun Late Standard and A Macintosh type, crisp white flesh Frostbite September- Standard Y Formerly ‘MN 447’. Small Striped red September- M7 texture, and very nice balanced flavor. October October oGreatver y eforllo wfresh frui teating. are extremely sweet with intense, unusual, tropical molasses Major Late August- Standard fEarlylavor .ripening Crisp, f ibittersweetrm, and juic ycider. Als ovariety. September eHighxcel lacid,ent f ohighr ci dsugar.er. GMutsualarina LOctoberate MStandard7 CAKArisp Crispin.and swe eVeryt fru largeits, si mgreenilar i napple. flavo r September aSupernd ap pcrispeara nandce thoneyo the gsweet.ala app Greatle, bu tfor baking (retains its shape) and for fresh with greater hardiness and disease 7 eating (though large). Not a pollinator. resistance. August Standard Super hardy natural semi-dwarf tree. GNorlandinger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden Quick to come into bearing. Good for delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, fresh eating and cooking. best for fresh eating, good for baking and Northwest Late Standard sOldauc evariety.. Yellow green fruit is firm, Greening September- dense, and tart. Similar to Granny Smith. Haralred Early October Standard Y Hard crisp apples which keep well into Early October Very good for cooking. winter. Good for cooking and fresh NY 414 M106 Y eAa tMacintoshing. Prone crossedto bienn withial be Liberty.aring on Goodce disease resistance. Deep burgundy color. mature. Naturally stays 15-20’. Very Excellent balance of sweet tart flavors, hardy. compared favorably to Macoun. Honeycrisp Late Standard and Exciting, super crisp and juicy new apple NY 828 M106 A mystery to us, try it if you dare. September M7 variety. Large, tasty, attractive fruit Pristine August Standard and Y sCrisp,tores veryinto wsweetinter .yellow apples are M7 excellent for fresh eating and baking. An Liberty Late M7 Y Productive new variety, resistant to scab easy early apple for the home orchard. September and cedar apple rust. Crisp, juicy, and Red August Standard fHardy,lavorfu lrobust,. Keeps andwe llattractive. Does ve rtreesy we lbearl Astrachan wcrimsonith no sfruitpray ioverng. P aseveralrticula rweeks.ly robu sGreatt and vforigo pies,rous .good An e xforce lfreshlent a eatingpple fo andr a hcider.ome Red Baron Late Standard Y oHardyrchar dand. productive old variety, quick September Northwest Late Standard Otol dstart vari ebearing.ty. Yello Mediumw green yellowfruit is redfirm fruit, Greening September- dareen ssweete, and andtart .mild, Simi lgoodar to forGra freshnny S mith. Early October Veating,ery go pies,od f oandr co sauce.oking. Somewhat Pristine August M7 Y Cresistantrisp, ve rtoy sscabwee tand yel lfireblight.ow apples are Redfree August M7 Y eAx cbrightellent redfor earlyfresh apple.eating Highlyand ba kresistanting. Oton scab,e of t hande e otherasiest emajorarly a pappleples fdiseases.or home oTasty,rchar ddesserts. quality. Firm white-fleshed Red Baron Late Standard Vfruitsery hstoreardy awellnd p forrod anuc tearlyive o lapple.d vari ety, Reine des SLateepte mber Standard Y qTart,uick sweet,to star tfirm bea randing . flavorful.Medium Anyel low Reinettes Septmeber- routstandinged fruit are eatingsweet apple.and m Remainsild, good firmfor October fbutres hnot ea tdrying, inpi ebaking.s, and sKeepsauce. Swell.omewhat resistant to scab and fireblight. Rhode Island September- Standard Very large, tart, firm apple. Great for RGreeninged Duchess AOctoberugust- Standard Tbaking,art an dretains juicy l aitsrg etexture. red fru iBestt are flavor good for September ffreshor fr eeatingsh eat iafterng bu storage.t best fo Heirloom.r pies and sauce. Bears abundantly. Richie’s September- Standard Handsome red striped fruits are very RCourtedree AOctoberugust M7 Y Afirm, bri gcrunchy,ht red, e andarly sweet.season Treesapple. areHig hlongly rlivedesist aandnt tproductive,o scab, and 100+other yrm aoldjor apple dspecimeniseases. T hereasty, onde stheser tfarm. quality. Firm Roxbury Late Standard and Y wPerhapshite-fle sthehed oldest fruits Americanstore wel l apple.for an Russet September - M7 eMedium-smallarly apple. fruit have crisp, coarse October Roxbury Late M7 Y Pflesherha withps th verye old sweet,est Am pleasanterican ap tartness.ple Russet September - vGreatariety .hard Med cider.ium to Stores small fwell.ruit have crisp, October Rubinette Late G30 cMediumoarse fl etosh small,with vredery stripedsweet, porangeleasan t September tfruitartn ewithss. E ax csuperb,ellent f osparkling,r hard ci dsweet,er. and Rsharpesist aflavor.nt to sSlowcab. Sgrowingtores w eandll. Rubinette Late G30 Msusceptibleedium to stom ascab.ll, red striped orange September Scott October Standard fOldruit VTwit hvariety. a supe rRedb, s poverarkli nyellowg, swe skinet, a nd Winter swithharp tender flavor. yellowSlow g rflesh.owin gSmallish, and juicy, startusc efruitptib lsweetene to scab in. storage. Keeper. SSnowsweetnowsweet SSeptembereptember SStandardtandard aandnd LLovelyovely rreded ffruitruit wwithith aa ddeliciouselicious ssweet,weet, MM77 sslightlylightly ttartart ttaste.aste. WWhitehite ffleshlesh iiss sslowlow ttoo ooxidize.xidize. SSomeome rresistanceesistance ttoo sscabcab aandnd ffireblight.ireblight.

SSpartanweet LSeptember-ate SStandardtandard aandnd Y AMedium red str sizediped adeeppple wredith fruit exc ewithllent pure Sixteen SOctobereptember BM79 uwhitenusu aflesh,l flavo crisp,r “lik esweet cherr andy ca nmildlydy”. tart Raromaticesistant tflavor.o fireb Excellentlight and sfreshome weating.hat rHeavyesistan bearer.t to sca b. WSt.e Lawrencealthy SSeptembereptember SStandardtandard and EOldxce lvariety.lent mu Tenderlti-purp owhitese ap pfleshle. C stainedrisp Apple M7 Swithwee tred. and Striped tart, so redme woverhat ryellow.esistan tVery to sgoodcab. Qfreshuick eating.to start bearing often in 1-2 State Fair August- Standard yTartears .and Pro firmlific oredld vstripedariety. fruit are one of September Williams Late August- M7 Y Athe b rbestight rearlyed a papplesple wi tforh a eatingspicy fandull f lavor. baking. Very hardy. Pride Early The medium to large fruit are immune Stayman SSeptember-eptember Standard Y tLargeo sca bred. fruit with rich tart flavor. Flesh Winesap October is firm but tender. Excellent cooking. Wolf River September Standard Y An old variety once very popular around ASweetpple Late Standard and cAe nredtra lstriped Vermo applent. La rwithge fr excellentuit excell ent September M7 Sixteen funusualor cook flavoring an d“like dry icherryng. Res candy”.istant to scab. DResistantevelops toa d fireblightistinctive andwee somewhatping form. resistant to scab. Yellow Early August Standard Y The first apples of the year. A very hardy TTolmanranspa rent September Standard oVeryld va distinctiveriety with goldeood tymeyresista taste.nce to Sweet scab. Sweet Ewithat fr littleesh a to fe wno d acid.ays b Paleefor eyellow fully r iwithpe, wlighthen russeting. they are cEarlyrisp aAmericannd tart. R ivariety.pe they Wealthy September Standard and bProlificecome old sw emulti-purposeet and soft w itapple.h tran Crisp,sparen t Apple M7 fsweet,lesh, p eandrha ptart.s th eSomewhat best sauc eresistant apple. to Zestar! Late August Standard Escab.xcep Quicktionall yto sw starteet abearing.nd flavorful new Westfield September Standard vRicharie thoneyy. Exc eflavor,llent f oslightlyr fresh butteryeating a butnd Seek-No- cfirmook texture.ing. Sto rMildlyes we ltart.l for Veryan ea rgoodly ap pallle . Further Rpurposeesistant apple.to powdery mildew and fireblight. Williams August- M7 Y Spicy, full flavored scab immune early Pride September apple. Medium red fruit. Wolf River September Standard Y An old variety once very popular around central Vermont. Large fruit excellent for cooking and drying. Resistant to scab. Develops a distinctive weeping form. Yellow Early August Standard Y The first apples of the year. A very hardy Transparent old variety with good resistance to scab. Eat fresh a few days before fully ripe, when they are crisp and tart. Ripe they become sweet and soft with transparent flesh, perhaps the best sauce apple. Zestar! Late August Standard and Exceptionally sweet and flavorful new M7 variety. Excellent for fresh eating and cooking. Stores well for an early apple. Resistant to mildew and fireblight. Variety Season Rootstock D.R. Description Akane August M7 Y An aromatic firm but juicy fleshed early red apple. Nice balance of sweet and sharp flavors. Scab resistant. Ashmead’s October Standard and A very old drab, sometimes lumpy, slow Kernel M7 to bear, russeted apple with dense, sugary, and intensely flavorful flesh. Stores well. Baldwin October Standard Y A truly all purpose old American variety. Especially great for pies. Yellow with red blush. good resistance to pest and disease. Keeps well. Beacon August- Standard Y Red fruit, great for baking, makes a September beautiful red sauce. Good for fresh eating, softens quickly in storage. Ripens over a long period. Resistant to scab. Bethel October Standard Red striped Vermont original. Firm and flavorful fruits are good well into winter. Cortland September Standard Popular crisp tart old variety. Great fresh eating and baking. Connell Late Standard Hardy heavy bearing child of Macintosh. September AKA fireside. The large fruit are excellent for eating and cooking Crimson September M7 Y Crimson red fruit are firm and crisp with Crisp a nice tart flavor. Stores well. Scab resistant with an open growth pattern. Crimson Late Standard Y New disease resistant variety with crisp Topaz September juicy flesh and good sweet sharp flavor. Easy to grow. Dayton August G30 Y A firm, sweet, juicy, red apple, mild flavor. Highly scab resistant. Excellent backyard apple. Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good September for fresh eating but best for pies and sauce. Bears abundantly. Fameuse Late Standard Bright red skin with snow white flesh. (Snow September Parent of Macintosh. Excellent fresh Apple) eating and sauce. Old variety. Keeps into December. Freedom Late Standard and Y Crisp, juicy, and tart, good for fresh September M7 eating, sauces, juice, and keeps well. Vigorous and productive. Immune or resistant to most major apple diseases. Frostbite September- Standard Y Formerly ‘MN 447’. Small striped red October over yellow fruit are extremely sweet with intense, unusual, tropical molasses flavor. Crisp, firm, and juicy. Also excellent for cider. Galarina Late M106 Y Crisp and Sweet. Similar to Gala but September with greater hardiness and disease resistance. Ginger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, best for fresh eating, good for baking and sauce.

Golden September- Standard Very sweet hard fruit, stores all winter. Russet October One of the best cider varieties. Goldrush October M7 Y Crisp, sweet, and flavorful. Stores very well, flavor improves with storage. May be difficult to ripen fully in Central VT. Goodland September Standard Crisp, juicy, aromatic flesh. Good fresh eating, baking and sauce. Very hardy. Haralred Early October Standard Y Hard crisp apples which keep well into winter. Good for cooking and fresh eating. Prone to biennial bearing once mature. Naturally stays 15-20’. Hardy. Hazen Late August Standard Y Large Juicy dark red fruit, great fresh eating, easy to grow, with few pest and disease problems. Natural dwarf. Honeycrisp Late Standard Exciting, super-crisp and juicy apple September M7 and variety. Large, tasty, attractive fruit M106 stores into winter. Honeygold October M7 Very hardy very sweet yellow apple. Stores very well. Iowa Beauty Early Standard Golden yellow splashed red. Yellow flesh September is rich and juicy and tangy tart. Kingston September standard Topnotch cider variety, high tannins, high Black acid, and high sugar. 2” deep purple fruit. Juice Box September Standard The first East Hill introduction. Explosively juicy, crunchy, sweet, and highly flavorful small yellow apples. Quick to bear. Perfect for filling pockets.

Lodi August Standard Slightly later and firmer than yellow transparent, good eating when just picked. Great for sauce and baking. Macfree September- M106 Y Similar to its parent, macintosh, with October aromatic, tender flesh. Dramatically improved resistance to disease. Macoun Late Standard and A Macintosh type, crisp white flesh September- M7 texture, and very nice balanced flavor. October Great for fresh eating. APPLE VARIETIES Major Late August- (continued)Standard Early ripening bittersweet cider variety. Variety SeptemberSeason Rootstock D.R. High acid, highD sugar.escription MutsuCentennial OctoberLate August StandardStandard AKARed o Crispin.ver ora nVeryge cr largeab ap pgreenle, ex apple.cellen t Crabapple Superfor fre crispsh ea tanding. honeyGood sweet.for a fr oGreatnt ya rford bakingwhere (retainsfruit litt eitsr mshape)ay be anda nu forisan freshce. eating (though large). Not a pollinator. Chestnut Late August Standard Y A vigorous and disease resistant tree. NorlandCrabapple August Standard SuperBeaut ifhardyul wh inaturalte bloo msemi-dwarfs yield a s wtree.eet and Quicktasty f rtouit come with ainton aw bearing.esome nGoodutty f laforvo r. fresh eating and cooking. Cortland Late Standard A very popular crisp flavorful old variety. Late Standard Old variety. Yellow green fruit is firm, Northwest September The stripped red apples are excellent for Greening September- dense, and tart. Similar to Granny Smith. eating fresh and cooking (especially pies). Early October Very good for cooking. Crimson September M7 Y Crimson red fruit are firm and crisp with NY 414 M106 Y A Macintosh crossed with Liberty. Good Crisp a nice tart flavor that store well. Good disease resistance. Deep burgundy color. Excellentscab resis balancetance an ofd osweetpen g rtartow tflavors,h patte rn comparedmake tree sfavorably grower ftorie nMacoun.dly.

NYCrim 828son Late M106M7 Y A nmystery exciting to n eus,w dtryise aits eif youresis dare.tant variety. Topaz September Produces medium size crisp, juicy fruit, Pristine August Standard and Y Crisp, very sweet yellow apples are with good flavor. Attractive orange and M7 excellent for fresh eating and baking. An red over yellow fruit. easy early apple for the home orchard. Dayton August G30 Y A firm, sweet, juicy, red apple, somewhat August Standard Hardy, robust, and attractive trees bear Red mild flavor. Highly Scab resistant. Astrachan crimsonExcellen tfruit bac koveryard severalapple. weeks. Great for pies, good for fresh eating and cider. Dolgo Late August Standard Y Lovely flowering crab, produces sweet, Red Baron Late Standard Y Hardytart 1” andapp lproductivees, excellen oldt fo variety,r jam or quick cider . September to start bearing. Medium yellow red fruit Fameuse August- M7 Parent of Macintosh. Snow white flesh is are sweet and mild, good for fresh (snow apple) September tender and slightly spicy. Delicious for eating,fresh e apies,ting , andbak isauce.ng, or Somewhatcider. resistant to scab and fireblight. Florina Late B118 or M7 Y Beautiful purple red over yellow fruit, Redfree AugustSeptember M7 Y Acr ibrightsp, ve rredy ju iearlycy, w apple.ith a g oHighlyod mi lresistantd tobu tscab,tery fandlavo otherr. Med majorium to apple large diseases. fruit Tasty,keep w dessertell. Vigo quality.rous. Firm white-fleshed fruits store well for an early apple. Freedom Late M7 Y Bright red fruit is crisp, juicy, and tart, ReineApple des LateSept ember Standard Y Tart,good sweet,for fre sfirmh ea tanding , flavorful.sauces, j uAnice , and Reinettes Septmeber- outstanding eating apple. Remains firm October keep well. Trees are vigorous and butpro dnotuct dryive. inIm baking.mune t oKeeps apple well. scab and Rhode Island September- Standard Veryresist large,ant to tart, mos firmt ma japple.or app Greatle dise forase s. Greening October Frostbite September- Standard Y baking,Former retainsly ‘MN its44 7texture.’. Small SBesttrip eflavord red for October freshover yeatingellow afterfruit astorage.re extr eHeirloom.mely swee t Richie’s September- Standard Handsomewith intens ered, un stripedusual, t rfruitsopica arel m overylasse s Court October firm,flavo rcrunchy,. Crisp, f iandrm, sweet.and jui cTreesy. Als oare long livedexce landlent productive,for cider. 100+ yr old Galarina Late M7 specimenCrisp and hereswee ont fr theuits ,farm. similar in flavor Roxbury LateSept ember Standard and Y Perhapsand appe theara noldestce to tAmericanhe gala ap apple.ple, bu t Russet8 September - M7 Medium-smallwith greater h afruitrdin ehavess a ncrisp,d dis ecoarsease October fleshresis twithance .very sweet, pleasant tartness. Great hard cider. Stores well. Ginger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden Rubinette Late G30 Mediumdelicious to. S wsmall,eet w redith astriped mild t aorangert finis h, September fruitbest withfor fr ae ssuperb,h eatin gsparkling,, good fo rsweet, baking and and sharpsauce .flavor. Slow growing and susceptible to scab. Haralred Early October Standard Y Hard crisp apples which keep well into Scott October Standard Oldwint eVTr. Gvariety.ood fo Redr co ooverking yellowand fre skinsh Winter witheatin gtender. Pron eyellow to bie flesh.nnial bSmallish,earing o njuicy,ce tartmat ufruitre. Nsweetenaturally inst astorage.ys 15-20 Keeper.’. Very Snowsweet September Standard and Lovelyhardy. red fruit with a delicious sweet, M7 slightly tart taste. White flesh is slow to Honeycrisp Late Standard and Exciting, super crisp and juicy new apple oxidize. Some resistance to scab and September M7 variety. Large, tasty, attractive fruit fireblight. stores into winter. Spartan September- Standard and Y Medium sized deep red fruit with pure Liberty Late M7 Y Productive new variety, resistant to scab October M7 white flesh, crisp, sweet and mildly tart September aromaticand ceda rflavor. apple Excellentrust. Cris pfresh, juic eating.y, and Heavyflavorf ubearer.l. Keep s well. Does very well with no spraying. Particularly robust and St. Lawrence September Standard Old variety. Tender white flesh stained vigorous. An excellent apple for a home with red. Striped red over yellow. Very goodorcha freshrd. eating. Northwest Late Standard Old variety. Yellow green fruit is firm, State Fair August- Standard Tart and firm red striped fruit are one of Greening September- September theden sbeste, a nearlyd tar tapples. Simil aforr t oeating Gran andny S mith. Early October baking.Very go Veryod fo hardy.r cooking. Pristine August M7 Y Crisp, very sweet yellow apples are Stayman September- Standard Y Large red fruit with rich tart flavor. Flesh Winesap October isex firmcelle butnt f otender.r fresh Excellenteating an dcooking. baking. One of the easiest early apples for home Late Standard and A red striped apple with excellent Sweet orchards. Sixteen September M7 unusual flavor “like cherry candy”. Red Baron Late Standard ResistantVery hard toy a fireblightnd produ andctiv esomewhat old variet y, September resistantquick to stota rscab.t bea ring. Medium yellow red fruit are sweet and mild, good for September Standard Very distinctive olde tymey taste. Sweet Tolman fresh eating, pies, and sauce. Somewhat Sweet with little to no acid. Pale yellow with resistant to scab and fireblight. light russeting. Early American variety. Red Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good September Standard and Prolific old multi-purpose apple. Crisp, Wealthy September for fresh eating but best for pies and M7 Apple sweet,sauce. Bandear tart.s abu Somewhatndantly. resistant to scab. Quick to start bearing. Redree August M7 Y A bright red, early season apple. Highly Westfield September Standard Richresis thoneyant to flavor,scab, a slightlynd othe butteryr major butapp le Seek-No- firmdise atexture.ses. Tas tMildlyy, des start.ert q Veryuality good. Firm all Further purposewhite-fle sapple.hed fruits store well for an Williams August- M7 Y Spicy,early afullppl eflavored. scab immune early September PrideRoxbury Late M7 Y apple.Perha pMediums the old redest fruit.Ame rican apple WolfRusse Rivert SeptemberSeptember - Standard Y Anvar ioldety . varietyMediu monce to s verymall fpopularruit hav earound crisp, October centralcoarse fVermont.lesh with vLargeery s wfruiteet ,excellent pleasant fortar tcookingness. Ex candelle ndrying.t for h Resistantard cider . to scab. Resistant to scab. Stores well. Develops a distinctive weeping form. Rubinette Late G30 Medium to small, red striped orange Yellow Early August Standard Y The first apples of the year. A very hardy September fruit with a superb, sparkling, sweet, and Transparent old variety with good resistance to scab. sharp flavor. Slow growing and Eatsus cfresheptib lae fewto s dayscab. before fully ripe, when they are crisp and tart. Ripe they Snowsweet September Standard and becomeLovely r esweetd frui tand wit hsoft a d withelicio transparentus sweet, M7 slightly tart taste. White flesh is slow to flesh, perhaps the best sauce apple. oxidize. Some resistance to scab and Zestar! Late August Standard and Exceptionallyfireblight. sweet and flavorful new M7 variety. Excellent for fresh eating and Sweet Late Standard and A red striped apple with excellent cooking. Stores well for an early apple. Sixteen September B9 unusual flavor “like cherry candy”. Resistant to mildew and fireblight. Resistant to fireblight and somewhat resistant to scab. Wealthy September Standard and Excellent multi-purpose apple. Crisp Apple M7 Sweet and tart, somewhat resistant to scab. Quick to start bearing often in 1-2 years. Prolific old variety. Williams Late August- M7 Y A bright red apple with a spicy full flavor. Pride Early The medium to large fruit are immune September to scab. Wolf River September Standard Y An old variety once very popular around Apple central Vermont. Large fruit excellent for cooking and drying. Resistant to scab. Develops a distinctive weeping form. Yellow Early August Standard Y The first apples of the year. A very hardy Transparent old variety with good resistance to scab. Eat fresh a few days before fully ripe, when they are crisp and tart. Ripe they become sweet and soft with transparent flesh, perhaps the best sauce apple. Zestar! Late August Standard Exceptionally sweet and flavorful new variety. Excellent for fresh eating and cooking. Stores well for an early apple. Resistant to powdery mildew and fireblight. Variety Season Rootstock D.R. Description Akane August M7 Y An aromatic firm but juicy fleshed early red apple. Nice balance of sweet and sharp flavors. Scab resistant. Ashmead’s October Standard and A very old drab, sometimes lumpy, slow Kernel M7 to bear, russeted apple with dense, sugary, and intensely flavorful flesh. Stores well. Baldwin October Standard Y A truly all purpose old American variety. Especially great for pies. Yellow with red blush. good resistance to pest and disease. Keeps well. Beacon August- Standard Y Red fruit, great for baking, makes a September beautiful red sauce. Good for fresh eating, softens quickly in storage. Ripens over a long period. Resistant to scab. Bethel October Standard Red striped Vermont original. Firm and flavorful fruits are good well into winter. Cortland September Standard Popular crisp tart old variety. Great fresh eating and baking. Connell Late Standard Hardy heavy bearing child of Macintosh. September AKA fireside. The large fruit are excellent for eating and cooking Crimson September M7 Y Crimson red fruit are firm and crisp with Crisp a nice tart flavor. Stores well. Scab resistant with an open growth pattern. Crimson Late Standard Y New disease resistant variety with crisp Topaz September juicy flesh and good sweet sharp flavor. Easy to grow. Dayton August G30 Y A firm, sweet, juicy, red apple, mild flavor. Highly scab resistant. Excellent backyard apple. Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good September for fresh eating but best for pies and sauce. Bears abundantly. Fameuse Late Standard Bright red skin with snow white flesh. (Snow September Parent of Macintosh. Excellent fresh Apple) eating and sauce. Old variety. Keeps into December. Freedom Late Standard and Y Crisp, juicy, and tart, good for fresh September M7 eating, sauces, juice, and keeps well. Vigorous and productive. Immune or resistant to most major apple diseases. Frostbite September- Standard Y Formerly ‘MN 447’. Small striped red October over yellow fruit are extremely sweet with intense, unusual, tropical molasses flavor. Crisp, firm, and juicy. Also excellent for cider. Galarina Late M106 Y Crisp and Sweet. Similar to Gala but September with greater hardiness and disease resistance. Ginger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, best for fresh eating, good for baking and sauce.

Golden September- Standard Very sweet hard fruit, stores all winter. Russet October One of the best cider varieties. Goldrush October M7 Y Crisp, sweet, and flavorful. Stores very well, flavor improves with storage. May be difficult to ripen fully in Central VT. Goodland September Standard Crisp, juicy, aromatic flesh. Good fresh eating, baking and sauce. Very hardy. Haralred Early October Standard Y Hard crisp apples which keep well into winter. Good for cooking and fresh eating. Prone to biennial bearing once mature. Naturally stays 15-20’. Hardy. Hazen Late August Standard Y Large Juicy dark red fruit, great fresh eating, easy to grow, with few pest and disease problems. Natural dwarf. Honeycrisp Late Standard Exciting, super-crisp and juicy apple September M7 and variety. Large, tasty, attractive fruit M106 stores into winter. Honeygold October M7 Very hardy very sweet yellow apple. Stores very well. Iowa Beauty Early Standard Golden yellow splashed red. Yellow flesh September is rich and juicy and tangy tart. Kingston September standard Topnotch cider variety, high tannins, high Black acid, and high sugar. 2” deep purple fruit. Juice Box September Standard The first East Hill introduction. Explosively juicy, crunchy, sweet, and highly flavorful small yellow apples. Quick to bear. Perfect for filling pockets.

Redfree August M7 Y A bright red early apple. Highly resistant to scab, and other major apple diseases. Tasty, dessert quality. Firm white-fleshed fruits store well for an early apple. Reine des Late Standard Y Tart, sweet, firm and flavorful. An Reinettes Septmeber- outstanding eating apple. Remains firm October but not dry in baking. Keeps well. Rhode Island September- Standard Very large, tart, firm apple. Great for Greening October baking, retains its texture. Best flavor for fresh eating after storage. Heirloom. Richie’s September- Standard Handsome red striped fruits are very Court October firm, crunchy, and sweet. Trees are long APPLE VARIETIES (continued) lived and productive, 100+ yr old Variety Season Rootstock D.R. specimen hereD ones ctherip farm.tion RoxburyCentenni al LateLate August StandardStandard and Y RPerhapsed ove rthe or aoldestnge cr Americanab apple, e apple.xcelle nt RussetCrabapple September - M7 fMedium-smallor fresh eatin gfruit. Go haveod fo crisp,r a fro coarsent yard October wfleshher ewith fru iveryt litte sweet,r may bpleasante a nuis atartness.nce. Great hard cider. Stores well. Chestnut Late August Standard Y A vigorous and disease resistant tree. RubinetteCrabapple Late G30 BMediumeautiful tow hsmall,ite bl oredom sstriped yield a orange sweet and September tfruitasty withfruit aw superb,ith an a wsparkling,esome n usweet,tty fla vandor. sharp flavor. Slow growing and Cortland Late Standard Asusceptible very pop utola rscab. crisp flavorful old variety. September The stripped red apples are excellent for Scott October Standard Old VT variety. Red over yellow skin eating fresh and cooking (especially pies). Winter with tender yellow flesh. Smallish, juicy, Crimson September M7 Y Ctartrim fruitson sweetenred fruit inar estorage. firm an dKeeper. crisp with Crisp a nice tart flavor that store well. Good Snowsweet September Standard and Lovely red fruit with a delicious sweet, M7 sslightlycab re startista ntaste.ce an Whited open flesh grow ist hslow patt etorn oxidize.make tr eSomees gro resistancewer friend toly. scab and Crimson Late M7 Y Afireblight.n exciting new disease resistant variety. Topaz September Spartan September- Standard and Y PMediumroduce ssized med ideepum s iredze c fruitrisp, withjuicy purefruit, October M7 wwhiteith g oflesh,od f lacrisp,vor. Asweetttrac tandive omildlyrange tartand aromaticred over yflavor.ellow Excellentfruit. fresh eating. Heavy bearer. Dayton August G30 Y A firm, sweet, juicy, red apple, somewhat St. Lawrence September Standard mOldild variety.flavor. H Tenderighly Sc whiteab res fleshistan tstained. Ewithxce lred.lent Stripedbackyar dred ap poverle. yellow. Very good fresh eating. Dolgo Late August Standard Y Lovely flowering crab, produces sweet, State Fair August- Standard tTartart 1 and” ap firmples , redexc stripedellent fo fruitr jam are or onecide ofr. September the best early apples for eating and Fameuse August- M7 Parent of Macintosh. Snow white flesh is baking. Very hardy. (snow apple) September tender and slightly spicy. Delicious for Stayman September- Standard Y fLargeresh eredatin fruitg, ba kwithing, orichr c itartder. flavor. Flesh October WinesapFlorina Late B118 or M7 Y Bise firmautif ubutl p utender.rple re dExcellent over ye lcooking.low fruit, Sweet LateSept ember Standard and cAr iredsp, vstripedery juic appley, wit hwith a g oexcellentod mild Sixteen September M7 bunusualuttery fflavorlavor. “likeMed icherryum to lcandy”.arge fru it kResistanteep well .to V ifireblightgorous. and somewhat Freedom Late M7 Y Bresistantright re dto fr scab.uit is crisp, juicy, and tart, TolmanApple SeptemberSeptember Standard gVeryood distinctivefor fresh e aoldeting ,tymey sauce staste., juice Sweet, and Sweet kwitheep littlewell . toTr noees acid. are vPaleigor oyellowus and with plightrod urusseting.ctive. Im mEarlyune Americanto apple s cvariety.ab and resistant to most major apple diseases. Wealthy September Standard and Prolific old multi-purpose apple. Crisp, AppleFrostbite September- M7Standard Y Fsweet,orme randly ‘M tart.N 4 4Somewhat7’. Small S tresistantriped re dto October oscab.ver yQuickellow tofru startit are bearing.extremely sweet with intense, unusual, tropical molasses Westfield September Standard Rich honey flavor, slightly buttery but flavor. Crisp, firm, and juicy. Also Seek-No- firm texture. Mildly tart. Very good all excellent for cider. Further purpose apple. Galarina Late M7 Crisp and sweet fruits, similar in flavor August- M7 Y Spicy, full flavored scab immune early Williams September and appearance to the gala apple, but Pride September apple. Medium red fruit. with greater hardiness and disease 9 Wolf River September Standard Y rAnes ioldstan varietyce. once very popular around central Vermont. Large fruit excellent Ginger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden for cooking and drying. Resistant to scab. delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, bDevelopsest for fr ea sdistinctiveh eating, g oweepingod for b form.aking and Yellow Early August Standard Y Thesauc efirst. apples of the year. A very hardy TransparentHaralred Early October Standard Y Holdar dvariety crisp awithpple goods whi cresistanceh keep we toll i nscab.to wEatin tfresher. G ao ofewd f odaysr co obeforeking a nfullyd fr eripe,sh ewhenating .they Pro naree t ocrisp bien andnial tart.bear iRipeng o ntheyce mbecomeature. Nsweetatura andlly s tsoftays 1with5-20 transparent’. Very hflesh,ardy .perhaps the best sauce apple. Zestar!Honeycrisp LateLate August StandardStandard aandnd EExceptionallyxciting, supe rsweet crisp andand flavorfuljuicy new new app le M7 September M7 vvariety.ariety. LExcellentarge, tas tfory, a freshttrac teatingive fru iandt scooking.tores in t oStores winte wellr. for an early apple. Resistant to mildew and fireblight. Liberty Late M7 Y Productive new variety, resistant to scab September and cedar apple rust. Crisp, juicy, and flavorful. Keeps well. Does very well with no spraying. Particularly robust and vigorous. An excellent apple for a home orchard. Northwest Late Standard Old variety. Yellow green fruit is firm, Greening September- dense, and tart. Similar to Granny Smith. Early October Very good for cooking. Pristine August M7 Y Crisp, very sweet yellow apples are excellent for fresh eating and baking. One of the easiest early apples for home orchards. Red Baron Late Standard Very hardy and productive old variety, September quick to start bearing. Medium yellow red fruit are sweet and mild, good for fresh eating, pies, and sauce. Somewhat resistant to scab and fireblight. Red Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good September for fresh eating but best for pies and sauce. Bears abundantly. Redree August M7 Y A bright red, early season apple. Highly resistant to scab, and other major apple diseases. Tasty, dessert quality. Firm white-fleshed fruits store well for an early apple. Roxbury Late M7 Y Perhaps the oldest American apple Russet September - variety. Medium to small fruit have crisp, October coarse flesh with very sweet, pleasant tartness. Excellent for hard cider. Resistant to scab. Stores well. Rubinette Late G30 Medium to small, red striped orange September fruit with a superb, sparkling, sweet, and sharp flavor. Slow growing and susceptible to scab. Snowsweet September Standard and Lovely red fruit with a delicious sweet, M7 slightly tart taste. White flesh is slow to oxidize. Some resistance to scab and fireblight. Sweet Late Standard and A red striped apple with excellent Sixteen September B9 unusual flavor “like cherry candy”. Resistant to fireblight and somewhat resistant to scab. Wealthy September Standard and Excellent multi-purpose apple. Crisp Apple M7 Sweet and tart, somewhat resistant to scab. Quick to start bearing often in 1-2 years. Prolific old variety. Williams Late August- M7 Y A bright red apple with a spicy full flavor. Pride Early The medium to large fruit are immune September to scab. Wolf River September Standard Y An old variety once very popular around Apple central Vermont. Large fruit excellent for cooking and drying. Resistant to scab. Develops a distinctive weeping form. Yellow Early August Standard Y The first apples of the year. A very hardy Transparent old variety with good resistance to scab. Eat fresh a few days before fully ripe, when they are crisp and tart. Ripe they become sweet and soft with transparent flesh, perhaps the best sauce apple. Zestar! Late August Standard Exceptionally sweet and flavorful new variety. Excellent for fresh eating and cooking. Stores well for an early apple. Resistant to powdery mildew and fireblight. Variety Season Rootstock D.R. Description Akane August M7 Y An aromatic firm but juicy fleshed early red apple. Nice balance of sweet and sharp flavors. Scab resistant. Ashmead’s October Standard and A very old drab, sometimes lumpy, slow Kernel M7 to bear, russeted apple with dense, sugary, and intensely flavorful flesh. Stores well. Baldwin October Standard Y A truly all purpose old American variety. Especially great for pies. Yellow with red blush. good resistance to pest and disease. Keeps well. Beacon August- Standard Y Red fruit, great for baking, makes a September beautiful red sauce. Good for fresh eating, softens quickly in storage. Ripens over a long period. Resistant to scab. Bethel October Standard Red striped Vermont original. Firm and flavorful fruits are good well into winter. Cortland September Standard Popular crisp tart old variety. Great fresh eating and baking. Connell Late Standard Hardy heavy bearing child of Macintosh. September AKA fireside. The large fruit are excellent for eating and cooking Crimson September M7 Y Crimson red fruit are firm and crisp with Crisp a nice tart flavor. Stores well. Scab resistant with an open growth pattern. Crimson Late Standard Y New disease resistant variety with crisp Topaz September juicy flesh and good sweet sharp flavor. Easy to grow. Dayton August G30 Y A firm, sweet, juicy, red apple, mild flavor. Highly scab resistant. Excellent backyard apple. Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good September for fresh eating but best for pies and sauce. Bears abundantly. Fameuse Late Standard Bright red skin with snow white flesh. (Snow September Parent of Macintosh. Excellent fresh Apple) eating and sauce. Old variety. Keeps into December. Freedom Late Standard and Y Crisp, juicy, and tart, good for fresh September M7 eating, sauces, juice, and keeps well. Vigorous and productive. Immune or resistant to most major apple diseases. Frostbite September- Standard Y Formerly ‘MN 447’. Small striped red October over yellow fruit are extremely sweet with intense, unusual, tropical molasses flavor. Crisp, firm, and juicy. Also excellent for cider. Galarina Late M106 Y Crisp and Sweet. Similar to Gala but September with greater hardiness and disease resistance. Ginger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, best for fresh eating, good for baking and sauce.

Golden September- Standard Very sweet hard fruit, stores all winter. Russet October One of the best cider varieties. Goldrush October M7 Y Crisp, sweet, and flavorful. Stores very well, flavor improves with storage. May be difficult to ripen fully in Central VT. Goodland September Standard Crisp, juicy, aromatic flesh. Good fresh eating, baking and sauce. Very hardy. Haralred Early October Standard Y Hard crisp apples which keep well into winter. Good for cooking and fresh eating. Prone to biennial bearing once mature. Naturally stays 15-20’. Hardy. Hazen Late August Standard Y Large Juicy dark red fruit, great fresh eating, easy to grow, with few pest and disease problems. Natural dwarf. Honeycrisp Late Standard Exciting, super-crisp and juicy apple September M7 and variety. Large, tasty, attractive fruit M106 stores into winter. Honeygold October M7 Very hardy very sweet yellow apple. Stores very well. Iowa Beauty Early Standard Golden yellow splashed red. Yellow flesh September is rich and juicy and tangy tart. Kingston September standard Topnotch cider variety, high tannins, high Black acid, and high sugar. 2” deep purple fruit. Juice Box September Standard The first East Hill introduction. Explosively juicy, crunchy, sweet, and highly flavorful small yellow apples. Quick to bear. Perfect for filling pockets.

Rubinette Late G30 Medium to small, red striped orange September fruit with a superb, sparkling, sweet, and sharp flavor. Slow growing and susceptible to scab.

Spartan September- Standard and Y Medium sized deep red fruit with pure October M7 white flesh, crisp, sweet and mildly tart aromatic flavor. Excellent fresh eating. Heavy bearer.

St. Lawrence September Standard Old variety. Tender white flesh stained with red. Striped red over yellow. Very good fresh eating. State Fair August- Standard Tart and firm red striped fruit are one of September the best early apples for eating and baking. Very hardy. Stayman September- Standard Y Large red fruit with rich tart flavor. Flesh Winesap October is firm but tender. Excellent cooking. Sweet Late Standard and A red striped apple with excellent Sixteen September M7 unusual flavor “like cherry candy”. Resistant to fireblight and somewhat resistant to scab. Tolman September Standard Very distinctive olde tymey taste. Sweet Sweet with little to no acid. Pale yellow with light russeting. Early American variety. Wealthy September Standard and Prolific old multi-purpose apple. Crisp, Apple M7 sweet, and tart. Somewhat resistant to scab. Quick to start bearing. Westfield September Standard Rich honey flavor, slightly buttery but APPLESeek-No- VARIETIES (continued) firm texture. Mildly tart. Very good all FurtherVariety Season Rootstock D.R. purpose apple.Description WilliamsCentenni al LAugust-ate August SM7tandard Y RSpicy,ed o vfuller oflavoredrange c rscabab a pimmuneple, exc eearlyllent PrideCrabapple September fapple.or fre sMediumh eating .red Go fruit.od fo r a front yard Wolf River September Standard Y wAnh eoldre fvarietyruit litt eoncer ma yvery be apopular nuisan carounde. Chestnut Late August Standard Y Acentral vigor oVermont.us and di sLargeease rfruitesist excellentant tree. Crabapple Bforea ucookingtiful wh andite b drying.looms yResistantield a sw etoet scab. and tDevelopsasty fruit aw distinctiveith an awe sweepingome nu tform.ty flav or. YellowCortlan d LEarlyate August SStandardtandard Y AThe ve rfirsty po applespular cofri sthep fl ayear.vorfu Al o veryld va hardyriety. Transparent September Toldhe variety strippe withd red good appl eresistances are exce tolle nscab.t for eEatati nfreshg fre sah few and days coo kbeforeing (es fullypeci aripe,lly p ies). Crimson September M7 Y Cwhenrims otheyn re ared fr ucrispit ar eand fir mtart. an dRipe cris pthey wit h Crisp abecome nice ta rsweett flavo andr th asoftt st owithre w transparentell. Good sflesh,cab r perhapsesistanc ethe an dbest ope saucen gro wapple.th pattern Zestar! Late August Standard and mExceptionallyake trees gr osweetwer frandien dflavorfully. new M7 Crimson Late M7 Y Avariety.n exci tExcellenting new d forise afreshse re seatingistant andvari ety. Topaz September Pcooking.roduces Storesmedium well siz efor cr iansp ,early juicy apple.fruit, wResistantith good to fla mildewvor. At tandract fireblight.ive orange and red over yellow fruit. Dayton August G30 Y A firm, sweet, juicy, red apple, somewhat mild flavor. Highly Scab resistant. Excellent backyard apple. Dolgo Late August Standard Y Lovely flowering crab, produces sweet, Apple Rootstock Information tart 1” apples, excellent for jam or cider. FaMostmeu allse fruit treesAugu arest- propagatedM7 via grafting. A branchParent oorf M budacin t(scion)osh. Sn oofw aw hite flesh is (sspecificnow ap pvarietyle) S eisp teattachedmber to a compatible root-sytemtende r(rootstock). and slightly spTheicy. Drootstockelicious fo r determines size and some growth characteristics offr ethesh etree.ating , Webaki nprimarilyg, or cider .offer Fltreesorin aon standardLate and semidwarfB11 8rootstocks. or M7 Y Beautiful purple red over yellow fruit, September We highly recommend standard trees forcr theirisp, ver yrobustness juicy, with a go oandd mi ld Variety Season Pollination Fireblight Description longevity. buttery flavor. Medium to large fruit Bartlett September Communis Popular commercial variety, juicy, Semidwarf trees may come into full bearing soonerk ethanep w standards,ell. Vigorou sdo. not grow as Not Seckel buttery and flavorful. Often listed Frlargeeed o(aboutm 15L aftt ewith pruning),M7 but are typicallyY notBr iasgh tlong red flived.ruit is Semidwarfcrisp, juicy, a treesnd tar t, for zone 5 but we have had many Amustpple have someSe ppruning.tember Semidwarf trees may not gbeoo dhardy for fr einsh the eat icoldestng, sauce partss, juice of, a nd positive reports in our area. the state. Good for those willing to undertake a littlekee morep well. managementTrees are vigo rorou swith and Beierschmidt September Communis Resistant Hardy seedling of bartlett. Firm, limited space. productive. Immune to apple scab and very juicy, and sweet. Skin too resistant to most major apple diseases. tender for commercial handling. Standard: Antanovka,vigorous and M7: Semidwarf (50-65% standard). A real treat for those with space Frdiseaseostbit eresistantSe pfulltem sizeber- trees.Standard YFreestanding,Former reliablyly ‘MN 4 4productive,7’. Small Str ihardy.ped red in the back yard. October over yellow fruit are extremely sweet G30: Semidwarf (50-60% standard) M106: Semidwarf (65% standard) Cabot September Ussuriensis? Super hardy. Sweet, aromatic, tree highly productive, May need Vigorouswi tandh int equickernse, unu tosua bear.l, trop Notical m forola sses melting fruit are good fresh eating support in early years. wet soils.flavor. Crisp, firm, and juicy. Also excellent for cider. Clark September Ussuriensis Very hardy small pear, good for processing as fruit ripens all at Galarina Late M7 Crisp and sweet fruits, similar in flavor once. September and appearance to the gala apple, but Early Gold August Ussuriensis Small Golden-yellow 1.5” tasty 10 with greater hardiness and disease fruit good for fresh eating and resistance. preserves. Very hardy. Prolific Ginger Gold August M7 Yellow gold fruit, similar to golden flowering. delicious. Sweet with a mild tart finish, Golden Spice September Ussuriensis Heavy flowering hardy tree best for fresh eating, good for baking and produces smallish spicy yellow sauce. pears good for canning, cooking, and spicing. Haralred Early October Standard Y Hard crisp apples which keep well into winter. Good for cooking and fresh Harrow Crisp Early Communis Resistant Smooth yellow skin with red September eating. Prone to biennial bearing once blush. Flesh is smooth, firm, and mildly sweet. Large fruits. mature. Naturally stays 15-20’. Very hardy. Harrow August Communis Resistant Medium-large fruit, with red blush Delight over yellow. Good flavor and Honeycrisp Late Standard and Exciting, super crisp and juicy new apple smooth flesh. September M7 variety. Large, tasty, attractive fruit September- Communis Resistant stores into winter. Harrow Very sweet yellow fruit with a red Sweet October blush. Can be allowed to ripen on Liberty Late M7 Y Productive new variety, resistant to scab the tree. Resistant to scab. September and cedar apple rust. Crisp, juicy, and Luscious September- Communis Resistant Hardy, exceptionally delicious flavorful. Keeps well. Does very well October Poor Pollinator pears. Sweet juicy medium sized with no spraying. Particularly robust and smooth fleshed fruits. Everything I vigorous. An excellent apple for a home have ever wanted in a pear. orchard. Magness Early Communis Resistant Excellent sweet flavor. Smooth, Northwest Late Standard Old variety. Yellow green fruit is firm, September Poor Pollinator juicy flesh with few grit cells. Slow Greening September- dense, and tart. Similar to Granny Smith. to begin bearing but an Early October Very good for cooking. outstanding pear. Pristine August M7 Y Crisp, very sweet yellow apples are Parker Late August Communis Large yellow-bronze fruit are excellent for fresh eating and baking. Good Pollinator tender and juicy. Fine grained. A good pollinator for Luscious. Pick One of the easiest early apples for home before fully ripe. orchards. Patten September Communis The large fruit are very tender Red Baron Late Standard Very hardy and productive old variety, Good Pollinator and juicy. Vigorous sprawling September quick to start bearing. Medium yellow habit. red fruit are sweet and mild, good for September Communis Small to medium roundish pears fresh eating, pies, and sauce. Somewhat Savignac are sweet and juicy. Very good resistant to scab and fireblight. fresh eating with few grit cells. Red Duchess August- Standard Tart and juicy large red fruit are good Early Communis Resistant Also known as ‘sugar pears’. Firm September Seckel for fresh eating but best for pies and October Self-fertile sweet fruit are very well suited sauce. Bears abundantly. to cooking and canning. Fruit Redree August M7 Y A bright red, early season apple. Highly keep well, often into late resistant to scab, and other major apple December. diseases. Tasty, dessert quality. Firm Shipova Communis X A cross between pear and white-fleshed fruits store well for an Likely Self- mountain ash. Fruits are like early apple. fertile smallish seedless pears. Flavor is sweet, delicate, and aromatic. Roxbury Late M7 Y Perhaps the oldest American apple Russet September - variety. Medium to small fruit have crisp, Stacyville September Communis Heavy producer of medium October coarse flesh with very sweet, pleasant yellow pears with a red blush. pick in August and ripen off the tartness. Excellent for hard cider. tree. Vigorous and hardy. Resistant to scab. Stores well. August Communis Rubinette Late G30 Medium to small, red striped orange Summercrisp Crisp juicy fruits with mild flavor. Good Pollinator Harvest and eat early while flesh September fruit with a superb, sparkling, sweet, and May pollinate is firm. Fruit stores two months sharp flavor. Slow growing and Ussuriensis types when picked early. susceptible to scab. Tawara Early Partially Self- A new hardy asian pear variety. Snowsweet September Standard and Lovely red fruit with a delicious sweet, September fertile improved Crisp and sweet and delicious. M7 slightly tart taste. White flesh is slow to with Communis Hardy to -30. oxidize. Some resistance to scab and fireblight. Ure Late Ussuriensis Resistant Green yellow 2” fruit are very September juicy, good for eating and canning. Sweet Late Standard and A red striped apple with excellent Sturdy trees are extremely hardy. Sixteen September B9 unusual flavor “like cherry candy”. Resistant to fireblight and somewhat resistant to scab. Wealthy September Standard and Excellent multi-purpose apple. Crisp Apple M7 Sweet and tart, somewhat resistant to scab. Quick to start bearing often in 1-2 years. Prolific old variety. Williams Late August- M7 Y A bright red apple with a spicy full flavor. Pride Early The medium to large fruit are immune September to scab. Wolf River September Standard Y An old variety once very popular around Apple central Vermont. Large fruit excellent for cooking and drying. Resistant to scab. Develops a distinctive weeping form. Yellow Early August Standard Y The first apples of the year. A very hardy Transparent old variety with good resistance to scab. Eat fresh a few days before fully ripe, when they are crisp and tart. Ripe they become sweet and soft with transparent flesh, perhaps the best sauce apple. Zestar! Late August Standard Exceptionally sweet and flavorful new variety. Excellent for fresh eating and cooking. Stores well for an early apple. Resistant to powdery mildew and fireblight. Pears (Pyrus spp.) 4-6 ft $59 Pears are a great fruit for Central Vermont. While we are all familiar with the old apple trees that dot our hills, the pears are sadly rare. Though some varieties are not well-suited to our cold climate, many are. Pear trees and fruit suffer from fewer pests and diseases than apple trees, making it easier to grow high quality fruit. Let us cover our hillsides with pears! Pear trees grow similarly to apples but typically with a more upright pattern. I recommend minimal pruning as heavy cutting can lead to very vigorous suckering making trees less productive and more susceptible to fireblight, which can be a problem for some pear varieties. Pear Pollination Pears produce little nectar making them less popular with the bees. Some varieties produce very little pollen, making them poor pollinators for other pears. Plant at least two different varieties for pollination. If planting a poor pollinator, plant at least three different varieties. The more the merrier! Two different strains of pear communis (European) and ussuriensis (Siberian) flower at slightly different times and will not reliably pollinate each other. Plant communis types with communis types, and ussuriensis types with ussuriensis types for most reliable fruit set. PEAR VARIETIES Variety Season Pollination Fireblight Description Bartlett September Communis Popular commercial variety, juicy, Not Seckel buttery and flavorful. Often listed for zone 5 but we have had many positive reports in our area. Beierschmidt September Communis Resistant Hardy seedling of bartlett. Firm, very juicy, and sweet. Skin too tender for commercial handling. A real treat for those with space in the back yard. Cabot September Ussuriensis? Super hardy. Sweet, aromatic, melting fruit are good fresh eating Clark September Ussuriensis Very hardy small pear, good for processing as fruit ripens all at once. Early Gold August Ussuriensis Small Golden-yellow 1.5” tasty fruit good for fresh eating and 11 preserves. Very hardy. Prolific flowering. Golden Spice September Ussuriensis Heavy flowering hardy tree produces smallish spicy yellow pears good for canning, cooking, and spicing.

Harrow Crisp Early Communis Resistant Smooth yellow skin with red September blush. Flesh is smooth, firm, and mildly sweet. Large fruits.

Harrow August Communis Resistant Medium-large fruit, with red blush Delight over yellow. Good flavor and smooth flesh.

Harrow September- Communis Resistant Very sweet yellow fruit with a red Sweet October blush. Can be allowed to ripen on the tree. Resistant to scab.

Luscious September- Communis Resistant Hardy, exceptionally delicious October Poor Pollinator pears. Sweet juicy medium sized smooth fleshed fruits. Everything I have ever wanted in a pear.

Magness Early Communis Resistant Excellent sweet flavor. Smooth, September Poor Pollinator juicy flesh with few grit cells. Slow to begin bearing but an outstanding pear.

Parker Late August Communis Large yellow-bronze fruit are Good Pollinator tender and juicy. Fine grained. A good pollinator for Luscious. Pick before fully ripe.

Patten September Communis The large fruit are very tender Good Pollinator and juicy. Vigorous sprawling habit.

Savignac September Communis Small to medium roundish pears are sweet and juicy. Very good fresh eating with few grit cells.

Seckel Early Communis Resistant Also known as ‘sugar pears’. Firm October Self-fertile sweet fruit are very well suited to cooking and canning. Fruit keep well, often into late December.

Shipova Communis X A cross between pear and Likely Self- mountain ash. Fruits are like fertile smallish seedless pears. Flavor is sweet, delicate, and aromatic.

Stacyville September Communis Heavy producer of medium yellow pears with a red blush. pick in August and ripen off the tree. Vigorous and hardy.

Summercrisp August Communis Crisp juicy fruits with mild flavor. Good Pollinator Harvest and eat early while flesh May pollinate is firm. Fruit stores two months Ussuriensis types when picked early.

Tawara Early Partially Self- A new hardy asian pear variety. September fertile improved Crisp and sweet and delicious. with Communis Hardy to -30.

Ure Late Ussuriensis Resistant Green yellow 2” fruit are very September juicy, good for eating and canning. Sturdy trees are extremely hardy. Variety Season Pollination Fireblight Description Bartlett September Communis Popular commercial variety, juicy, Not Seckel buttery and flavorful. Often listed for zone 5 but we have had many positive reports in our area. Beierschmidt September Communis Resistant Hardy seedling of bartlett. Firm, very juicy, and sweet. Skin too tender for commercial handling. A real treat for those with space in the back yard. Cabot September Ussuriensis? Super hardy. Sweet, aromatic, melting fruit are good fresh eating Clark September Ussuriensis Very hardy small pear, good for processing as fruit ripens all at once. Early Gold August Ussuriensis Small Golden-yellow 1.5” tasty fruit good for fresh eating and preserves. Very hardy. Prolific flowering. Golden Spice September Ussuriensis Heavy flowering hardy tree produces smallish spicy yellow pears good for canning, cooking, and spicing.

Harrow Crisp Early Communis Resistant Smooth yellow skin with red September blush. Flesh is smooth, firm, and mildly sweet. Large fruits.

Harrow August Communis Resistant Medium-large fruit, with red blush Delight over yellow. Good flavor and smooth flesh.

Harrow September- Communis Resistant Very sweet yellow fruit with a red Sweet October blush. Can be allowed to ripen on the tree. Resistant to scab.

Luscious September- Communis Resistant Hardy, exceptionally delicious October Poor Pollinator pears. Sweet juicy medium sized smooth fleshed fruits. Everything I have ever wanted in a pear.

Magness Early Communis Resistant Excellent sweet flavor. Smooth, September Poor Pollinator juicy flesh with few grit cells. Slow to begin bearing but an outstanding pear.

Parker Late August Communis Large yellow-bronze fruit are Good Pollinator tender and juicy. Fine grained. A good pollinator for Luscious. Pick before fully ripe.

Variety Season Pollination Fireblight Description Patten September Communis The large fruit are very tender Good Pollinator and juicy. Vigorous sprawling September Communis Popular commercial variety, juicy, Bartlett habit. Not Seckel buttery and flavorful. Often listed for zone 5 but we have had many Savignac September Communis Small to medium roundish pears positive reports in our area. are sweet and juicy. Very good fresh eating with few grit cells. Beierschmidt September Communis Resistant Hardy seedling of bartlett. Firm, very juicy, and sweet. Skin too Seckel Early Communis Resistant Also known as ‘sugar pears’. Firm tender for commercial handling. October Self-fertile sweet fruit are very well suited A real treat for those with space to cooking and canning. Fruit in the back yard. keep well, often into late Cabot September Ussuriensis? Super hardy. Sweet, aromatic, December. melting fruit are good fresh eating Shipova Communis X A cross between pear and Clark September Ussuriensis Very hardy small pear, good for Likely Self- mountain ash. Fruits are like PEAR VARIETIES (continued) processing as fruit ripens all at fertile smallish seedless pears. Flavor is Variety Season Pollination Fireblight once. Description sweet, delicate, and aromatic. EarlyEarly GoldGold AugustEarly August UssuriensisGood SSmallmall, Golden-yellowgolden-yellow, 1.5”1.5” tastyfruit Stacyville September Communis Heavy producer of medium Pollinator afruitre t agoodsty, g forood fresh for f reatingesh e aandting yellow pears with a red blush. apreserves.nd preser vVeryes. A hardy. good Prolificpollinat or pick in August and ripen off the fflowering.or ure and golden spice. Very tree. Vigorous and hardy. hardy. Prolific flowering. Golden Spice September Ussuriensis Heavy flowering hardy tree Summercrisp August Communis Crisp juicy fruits with mild flavor. Flemish Late August Self-fruitful Susceptible Vproducesery hard ysmallish, sweet spicyfruits yellow similar to Good Pollinator Harvest and eat early while flesh Beauty spearsecke l.good The fforrui tcanning, are attr cooking,active an d May pollinate is firm. Fruit stores two months kandeep spicing. well. P icking time should be Ussuriensis types when picked early. precise, before the fruits begin to Harrow Crisp Early Communis Resistant Smooth yellow skin with red Early Partially Self- A new hardy asian pear variety. turn yellow. Tawara September blush. Flesh is smooth, firm, and September fertile improved Crisp and sweet and delicious. Golden Spice September Smildlymallis hsweet. spicy Largeyellow fruits. pears are with Communis Hardy to -30. good for canning, cooking, and Harrow August Communis Resistant Medium-large fruit, with red blush Late Ussuriensis Resistant Green yellow 2” fruit are very spicing. Okay for fresh eating. Ure Delight over yellow. Good flavor and September juicy, good for eating and canning. Extremely hardy. smooth flesh. Sturdy trees are extremely hardy. Late Poor HarrowGourme t September- Communis Resistant MVeryediu sweetm size yellow yellow fruit-gre ewithn fru ait red Sweet OctoberSeptember Pollinator ablush.re sw Caneet, cberis allowedp and ju itocy .ripen Not aon gtheoo dtree. pol liResistantnator. to scab.

LusciousHarrow’s September-August Communis RResistantesistant MHardy,edium exceptionally-large fruit, w deliciousith red b lush Delight October Poor Pollinator opears.ver y eSweetllow. Gjuicyood medium flavor a nsizedd ssmoothmooth ffleshedlesh. fruits. Everything I Harrow’s Late Resistant Fhaveruits ever simi lwantedar to ba inrt lae tpear.t with a MagnessSweet EarlySepte mber Communis Resistant rExcellented blush . sweetJuicy, sflavor.weet, Smooth,flavorful September Poor Pollinator fjuicyruit kflesheeps with well .few grit cells. Slow to begin bearing but an Luscious September- Poor Resistant Hardy, exceptionally delicious outstanding pear. October Pollinator pears. Sweet juicy fruits with Parker Late August Communis sLargemoot yellow-bronzeh flesh. A bit s mfruitalle rare th an Good Pollinator btenderartlett sand. Ev juicy.eryth iFineng I hgrained.ave eve Ar wgoodante pollinatord in a pea rfor. Luscious. Pick before fully ripe. Magness Early Poor Resistant Excellent sweet flavor. Smooth, Patten SeptemberSeptember CommunisPollinator jTheuicy largeflesh fruitwith arefew very grit ctenderells Slo w Good Pollinator tando b ejuicy.gin b eVigorousaring an dsprawling a poor phabit.ollinator. The fruit quality makes it worth the work. Savignac September Communis Small to medium roundish pears Parker Late August Good Susceptible Larearg sweete yello andw-b rjuicy.onze Very fruit goodare Pollinator tfreshende reating and j uwithicy. Ffewine gritgra icells.ned. A good pollinator for Luscious. Pick Seckel Early Communis Resistant bAlsoefor knowne fully r asipe ‘sugar. pears’. Firm October Self-fertile sweet fruit are very well suited Patten September Good Ttoh ecooking large fr anduit a canning.re very tFruitende r Pollinator akeepnd ju well,icy. often into late December. Seckel Early Self-fertile Resistant Also known as ‘sugar pears’. Firm Shipova October Communis X sAw crosseet fr ubetweenit are ve rpeary we andll su ited Likely Self- tmountaino cookin gash. and Fruits canni nareg. Flikeruit fertile ksmallisheep we lseedlessl, often i npears.to lat eFlavor is Dsweet,ecem bdelicate,er. Attr andacti varomatic.e white blossoms in the spring. Stacyville12 September Communis Heavy producer of medium Summercrisp Late Good Cyellowrisp j upearsicy fr uwithits w ait redh a mblush.ild September Pollinator fpicklavo rin. TAugusthe fru itand sh oripenuld b eoff the htree.arve sVigorousted and eandate nhardy. early while the flesh is still firm and before August Communis Summercrisp tCrisphey b ejuicygin tfruitso yel lowithw. Tmildhe f rflavor.uit can Good Pollinator Harvest and eat early while flesh store for up to two months when May pollinate is firm. Fruit stores two months picked early. Ussuriensis types when picked early. Ure Late Resistant Green yellow 2” fruit are very Early Partially Self- A new hardy asian pear variety. Tawara September juicy, good for eating and canning. September fertile improved Crisp and sweet and delicious. Sturdy trees are extremely hardy. with Communis Hardy to -30.