Disputed Territories, Disputed Rights Disputed Territories, Disputed Rights: How to address human rights challenges in Europe’s grey zones Edited by Gunnar M. Ekelove-Slydal, Adam Hug, Ana Pashalishvili and Inna Sangadzhiyeva First published in September 2019 by The Foreign Policy Centre (FPC) www.fpc.org.uk
[email protected] © Foreign Policy Centre and the Norwegian Helsinki Committee 2019 All rights reserved Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors alone and do not represent the views of the Foreign Policy Centre or the Norwegian Helsinki Committee. This project is kindly supported by the Norwegian Helsinki Committee. 2 Disputed Territories, Disputed Rights Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….............. This Norwegian Helsinki Committee and Foreign Policy Centre publication seeks to draw attention to the human rights situation in some of Europe’s most contested but least well known places: Transnistria, South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh and Crimea. When unrecognised states or disputed territories are on the agenda it is usually about the unresolved nature of their conflicts with the countries they have tried to leave, and the role of external patronage and tight security grip exercised by Russia and (in the case of Nagorno-Karabakh) by Armenia, or indeed assessing the risks of ceasefire violations. These issues, and the thorny questions of status, provide the backdrop to this publication but this essay collection’s primary focus is what can be done to improve the human rights situation despite these challenges. It brings together a range of different perspectives, both from the ground and from international experts. The publication has three central observations.