An Inorganic Index Dataset of Groundwater in the Guanzhong Basin (2015)[J]
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An Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Urbanization Patterns in Northwest China
land Article An Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Urbanization Patterns in Northwest China Haifen Lei 1,2, Jennifer Koch 2 and Hui Shi 1,* 1 School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; [email protected] 2 Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 6 September 2020; Accepted: 19 October 2020; Published: 27 October 2020 Abstract: Chinese metropolitan areas have been experiencing urbanization over the past decades, impacting biodiversity, carbon emissions, urban heat islands, and food security. Yet, systematic research on spatio-temporal urbanization patterns and drivers along the urban–rural gradient is rarely reported for northwest China. Here, we use land-use data from 1980 to 2015 to explore land-use change, urbanization intensity, and drivers in northwest China. Our results display direct and indirect effects of urban expansion on farmland loss, but also spatio-temporal heterogeneity in the urbanization patterns. While the earlier years were dominated by infill and land conversion close to city centers, the later years displayed sprawling urbanization following the constraints of terrain and administrative boundaries at the cost of farmland. Our regression analysis of spatial variables found a strong relationship with urban planning factors. The spatial analysis of urbanization patterns revealed indirect land-use change on former farmland. Furthermore, we found that regional geography and historic sites considerably influenced land conversion. Overall, our findings indicate the need for sustainable planning strategies that synthesize approaches to farmland and historic site protection and consideration of regionally specific landscape characteristics. -
Developing China's West: Producer Services in Metropolitan Xi'an By
Developing China’s West: producer services in metropolitan Xi’an By: Chen Ying, Susan M. Walcott, Liu Jia Ying, C., Walcott, S. M., & Jia, L. (2012). “Developing China’s West: producer services in metropolitan Xi’an,” Special Issue Regional Science Policy and Practice. Vol. 4 (3): 247–262. DOI: 10.1111/j.1757-7802.2012.01071.x Made available courtesy of Wiley-Blackwell. The definitive version is available at http://wileyonlinelibrary.com. ***Reprinted with permission. No further reproduction is authorized without written permission from Wiley-Blackwell. This version of the document is not the version of record. Figures and/or pictures may be missing from this format of the document. *** Abstract: China's maturing economy raises questions as to the convergence of urban-economic spatial patterns with those in developed countries. Three major components of producer services – financial, information consultancy and computer services – indicate the development of advanced economic functions that drive growth. This research assesses producer services in Xi'an, the biggest city in Western China. Methods include ArcGIS analysis of the spatial layout of service sector companies and interviews with corporate managers. Highly agglomerated sectors display different spatial characteristics resulting from the interaction of market demand, urban planning and government policy directing the growth and place of these tertiary functions. Resumen. La economía China, en fase de maduración, plantea interrogantes en cuanto a la convergencia de los patrones espaciales urbano-económicos con los de los países desarrollados. Tres componentes principales de los servicios a la producción – financiamiento, consultorías de información y servicios de informática – sirven de indicadores del desarrollo de aquellas funciones económicas avanzadas que impulsan el crecimiento. -
Chinacoalchem
ChinaCoalChem Monthly Report Issue May. 2019 Copyright 2019 All Rights Reserved. ChinaCoalChem Issue May. 2019 Table of Contents Insight China ................................................................................................................... 4 To analyze the competitive advantages of various material routes for fuel ethanol from six dimensions .............................................................................................................. 4 Could fuel ethanol meet the demand of 10MT in 2020? 6MTA total capacity is closely promoted ....................................................................................................................... 6 Development of China's polybutene industry ............................................................... 7 Policies & Markets ......................................................................................................... 9 Comprehensive Analysis of the Latest Policy Trends in Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Gasoline ........................................................................................................................ 9 Companies & Projects ................................................................................................... 9 Baofeng Energy Succeeded in SEC A-Stock Listing ................................................... 9 BG Ordos Started Field Construction of 4bnm3/a SNG Project ................................ 10 Datang Duolun Project Created New Monthly Methanol Output Record in Apr ........ 10 Danhua to Acquire & -
The Optimal Design of Soccer Robot Control System Based on The
2019 4th International Social Sciences and Education Conference (ISSEC 2019) Supporting Policy of Breeding Unicorn Enterprises in Xi'an Jiang Yonghong Shaanxi Institute of International Trade and Commerce, Shaanxi, 712046, China Keywords: Xi'an; Unicorn Enterprise; Policy; High-Tech Industry Abstract: As a product of the era of innovation and globalization, unicorn enterprises are changing traditional industries with brand-new business models. Based on the basic concepts and development elements of unicorn enterprises, the development status of unicorn enterprises in Xi'an was firstly analyzed, and then the cultivation program and support policies of unicorn enterprises in Xi'an were studied in this paper. Taking the Development Center of Pioneer Park of Xi'an High-tech Zone as an example, the significance of national support policy to the development of unicorn enterprises was analyzed. Finally, some personal opinions were given to provide some theoretical references for the development of domestic unicorn enterprises. 1. Introduction In recent years, with the continuous development of emerging technology industries, it is not difficult to find that hard science and technology can effectively create high-end supply, and then optimize China's economic structure. As a product of the era of innovation and globalization, unicorn has penetrated into e-commerce, internet finance, and transportation, which has extended to artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, network security, new media and other fields. As the starting city of Silk Road, Xi'an, with the advantages of scientific research institutes, universities and aerospace fields, ranks among the top ten of 100 cities in China in terms of hard science and technology strength, and stands out in the Midwest. -
Pre-Primary Education
Detailed Sector Assessment: Pre-Primary Education Project Number: 53060-001 March 2021 People's Republic of China: Shaanxi Xi'an Preschool Education Development Program CONTENTS Page A. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES ............... 1 B. SECTOR PROFILE: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN XI'AN ............................... 5 1. Access to Early Childhood Education ....................................................................... 5 2. Quality of Early Childhood Education ..................................................................... 11 3. Early Childhood Education Management, Supervision, and Financing ..................... 19 4. Early Childhood Education Innovation .................................................................... 20 C. INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL LESSONS AND GOOD PRACTICE..................... 21 D. ADB COUNTRY AND SECTOR EXPERIENCE AND ASSISTANCE ........................... 27 E. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ADB TO SUPPORT EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN XI'AN .................................................................................................... 28 APPENDIXES 1. Bilingual Glossary ............................................................................................................ 30 2. Problem Tree ................................................................................................................... 35 3. Xi'an Preschool Education Development Plan, 2019–2025 ................................................ 36 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank -
The Spreading of Christianity and the Introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949)
Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid Programa de doctorado en Concervación y Restauración del Patrimonio Architectónico The Spreading of Christianity and the introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949) Christian churches and traditional Chinese architecture Author: Shan HUANG (Architect) Director: Antonio LOPERA (Doctor, Arquitecto) 2014 Tribunal nombrado por el Magfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día de de 20 . Presidente: Vocal: Vocal: Vocal: Secretario: Suplente: Suplente: Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el día de de 20 en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid. Calificación:………………………………. El PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO Index Index Abstract Resumen Introduction General Background........................................................................................... 1 A) Definition of the Concepts ................................................................ 3 B) Research Background........................................................................ 4 C) Significance and Objects of the Study .......................................... 6 D) Research Methodology ...................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Chinese traditional architecture 1.1 The concept of traditional Chinese architecture ......................... 13 1.2 Main characteristics of the traditional Chinese architecture .... 14 1.2.1 Wood was used as the main construction materials ........ 14 1.2.2 -
2018 Social Insurance Rates in China
P a g e | 1 2018 Social Insurance Rates in China February 27, 2019 1 P a g e | 2 Contents 1. An Overview of Social Insurance ............................................................................................... 4 2. Official Social Insurance Policy Documents from Recent Years ............................................... 6 3. Social Insurance Policies of each Province and City ................................................................. 9 Beijing ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Tianjin ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Shanghai ................................................................................................................................... 12 Chongqing ................................................................................................................................. 13 Henan ........................................................................................................................................ 13 Shandong .................................................................................................................................. 15 Gansu ........................................................................................................................................ 17 Anhui ........................................................................................................................................ -
A Case Study on COVID-19 Infections in Shaanxi Province, China
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Health‑seeking and diagnosis delay and its associated factors: a case study on COVID‑19 infections in Shaanxi Province, China Wenyuan Zheng1, Fabrice Kämpfen2 & Zhiyong Huang3* This time‑to‑event study examines social factors associated with health‑seeking and diagnosis of 165 COVID‑19 cases in response to the pandemic spread in Shaanxi Province, China. In particular, we investigate the diferential access to healthcare in terms of delayed time from symptom onset to frst medical visit and subsequently to diagnosis by factors such as sex, age, travel history, and type of healthcare utilization. We show that it takes more time for patients older than 60 (against those under 30) to seek healthcare after developing symptoms (+ 2.5 days, p < 0.01 ), surveillance on people with living or travel history to Wuhan helps shorten the time to the frst doctor visit (− 0.8 days) and diagnosis (− 2.2 days, p < 0.01 ). A delay cut is associated with the adoption of intermediary and large hospitals rather than community‑based care as primary care choices (− 1.6 days, p < 0.1 and − 2.2 days, p < 0.05 ). One unit increase of healthcare workers per 1000 people saves patients 0.5 days ( p < 0.1 ) for diagnosis from the frst doctor visit and 0.6 days ( p < 0.05 ) in total. Our analysis of factors associated with the time delay for diagnosis may provide a better understanding of the health‑ seeking behaviors of patients and the diagnosis capacity of healthcare providers during the COVID‑19 pandemic. In December 2019, a series of unknown-cause pneumonia cases, later named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO), were reported in Wuhan, China, and has since spread rapidly, becoming a global pan- demic within months. -
The Research on Air Pollution Laws in Guanzhong Urban Agglomeration
2016 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering (SEEE 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-408-0 The Research on Air Pollution Laws in Guanzhong Urban Agglomeration Based on High Frequency AQI Data Qiu-ling HU* and Zhe YANG School of International Business, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an Shaanxi, China, 710119 *Corresponding author Keywords: High frequency AQI data, Guanzhong urban agglomeration, AQI hour index, VAR model, Associated rules. Abstract. Based on high frequency data of AQI and contaminants, this paper makes researches including general situation of air pollution, fluctuation rules of air quality in one day and associated rules of air pollution between cities by using statistical analysis methods like the hour index of AQI and building the VAR model. The conclusions are as following: firstly, it is obvious that air pollution which often manifests as pollution of particulates has a seasonal effect and a clustering property. Secondly, different seasons have different air quality fluctuation rules in one day. However, with no consideration of the phase position diversity of graphs, intraday fluctuation rules of air quality in one season are similar to those in other seasons. Thirdly, the deterioration of air condition of one city can cause the deterioration of air condition of other cities, and the peak of this influence appears in one day generally, and the influence weakens with the increase of spatial distance. Introduction Air pollution harms human health and sustainable development of environment and economy. However, urban air pollution is very serious in China. As the main form of promoting urbanization, the city agglomeration causes a higher risk of pollution threat because of its agglomeration effect. -
Multi-Disciplinary Determination of the Rural/Urban Boundary: a Case Study in Xi’An, China
sustainability Article Multi-Disciplinary Determination of the Rural/Urban Boundary: A Case Study in Xi’an, China Lei Fang 1,2 and Yingjie Wang 1,2,* 1 State Key Lab of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-010-6488-9077 Received: 19 June 2018; Accepted: 23 July 2018; Published: 26 July 2018 Abstract: Rapid urbanization in China has blurred the boundaries between rural and urban areas in both geographic and conceptual terms. Accurately identifying this boundary in a given area is an important prerequisite for studies of these areas, but previous research has used fairly simplistic factors to distinguish the two areas (such as population density). In this study, we built a model combining multi-layer conditions and cumulative percentage methods based on five indicators linking spatial, economic, and demographic factors to produce a more comprehensive and quantitative method for identifying rural and urban areas. Using Xi’an, China as a case study, our methods produced a more accurate determination of the rural-urban divide when compared to data from the National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China. Specifically, the urbanization level was 3.24% lower in the new model, with a total urban area that was 621.87 km2 lower. These results were checked by field survey and satellite imagery for accuracy. -
March 2017 2016 Annual Results Presentation
2016 Annual Results March 2017 Important Disclaimer and Notice to Recipients Institutional presentation materials By attending the meeting where this presentation is made, or by reading the presentation materials, you agree to be bound by the following limitations: The information in this presentation has been prepared by representatives of West China Cement Limited (the “Issuer”) for use in presentations by the Issuer at investor meetings and does not constitute a recommendation or offer regarding the securities of the Issuer. No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to, and no reliance should be placed on, the fairness, accuracy, completeness or correctness of the information, or opinions contained herein. None the Issuer, Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Limited and Nomura International plc, or any of their respective advisors or representatives shall have any responsibility or liability whatsoever (for negligence or otherwise) for any loss howsoever arising from any use of this presentation or its contents or otherwise arising in connection with this presentation. The information set out herein may be subject to updating, completion, revision, verification and amendment and such information may change materially. This presentation is based on the economic, regulatory, market and other conditions as in effect on the date hereof. It should be understood that subsequent developments may affect the information contained in this presentation, which neither the Issuer nor its advisors or representatives are under an obligation to update, revise or affirm. The information communicated in this presentation contains certain statements that are or may be forward looking. These statements typically contain words such as "will", "expects" and "anticipates" and words of similar import. -
Horizontally Shifted and Vertically Superimposed Ancient Cities: Comparing Urban Histories of Chang’An and Rome1
Athens Journal of History - Volume 2, Issue 2 – Pages 111-128 Horizontally Shifted and Vertically Superimposed Ancient Cities: Comparing Urban Histories of Chang’an and Rome1 By Meng-chi Hsueh This article compares the forming and transforming process of two grand ancient capitals, Chang’an and Rome. Chang’an had been chosen as the capital of ancient China for many occasions. Repeated relocation had left Chan’an with a series of former sites widely distributed. By contrast, the urban cores of Rome had never moved faraway but remained within a confined area. It is observed that the historic city of Rome tend to be superimposed vertically instead of being horizontally scattered like Chang’an. This paired intriguing phenomenon makes the researcher wonder why and how these differences were made in the two millennium-old cities’ urbanization process. This study delves into the cause and mechanism of their unique development manners by comparing site selection procedures and the temporal-spatial configuration of each city respectively. Three aspects of proposition have been identified as critical to the cause of such dissimilarities, namely ideological thinking, practical consideration, and construction materials. Introduction This article aims at comparing the formation and transforming process of two grand ancient capitals, Chang’an in China and Rome in Italy. Both of them have been used for more than two and a half millenniums, continuously, without complete abandonment but having their urbanized territory shrunk due to the decline of the respective empires. Both the two worldly famous and influential capitals have been the heart of great unified empires, which granted them symbolical importance in each civilization.