Local Area Demographics

NHS Walsall Clinical Commissioning Group

October 2018

Contents

Introduction...... 1

Summary ...... 2

Age and Gender ...... 3

Disability...... 6

Ethnicity ...... 8

Religion or Belief ...... 9

Language...... 10

Marital Status ...... 11

Unpaid Care...... 12

Sexual Identity ...... 13

Introduction

This document presents a quantitative analysis of the demographics of the area served by the NHS Walsall Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG). The population statistics presented here come from the Office for National Statistics:

 Figures on age and gender were taken from the ONS’ mid-year population estimates. The latest mid-year population estimates available at the time of writing this report were as at June 2017, published by the ONS on 25 October 2018.

 Figures on disability, ethnicity, religion or belief, language, marital status, and the provision of unpaid care were taken from the 2011 Census; these were the latest figures available on each of the aforementioned demographic dimensions at the time of writing this report.

 Figures on sexual identity were taken from the ONS Annual Population Survey. Breakdowns were available at regional level; the latest available figures at the time of writing this report were as at 2016, released by the ONS on 4th October 2017.

Throughout this report, the demographics of the area served by the NHS Walsall CCG are compared those for England overall as a point of reference.

1 Summary

 At June 2017, the area served by NHS Walsall CCG had a population of 281,293 (ONS mid-year estimate); this compares with a population of 269,323

recorded in the 2011 Census.

 Compared to the overall population of England at June 2017, the NHS Walsall

CCG area had a higher proportion of children and young adults aged 18 years old and under. NHS Walsall CCG’s area also had a lower proportion of adults of working age; with the exception of women in their twenties who were

overrepresented.

 Figures from the 2011 Census indicate that the NHS Walsall CCG area had higher proportions of BME people than England overall; especially Asian British

people.

 The ethnicity of profile of the NHS Walsall CCG area was also reflected in the religion or belief profile of the area. Compared to England overall, there were

higher proportions of those of the Sikh and Muslim faiths, and, to a lesser extent, the Hindu faith.

 After English, the most commonly spoken languages in the NHS Walsall CCG

area were Punjabi and Urdu.

 Compared to England overall, the NHS Walsall CCG area had a higher proportion of married people and widowers.

 Compared to England overall, the NHS Walsall CCG area had a higher

proportion of unpaid carers, with greatest burden in the provision of unpaid care

falling on those aged 50 to 64 years old.

 Compared to the England benchmark, the West Midlands Region had similar

proportions of heterosexual and LGBO people.

Age and Gender

Compared to the England benchmark, NHS Walsall CCG's area had a higher proportion of children and young adults aged 18 years old and under, a lower proportion of working age adults, a higher proportion of people in their late seventies and early eighties, and a lower proportion of people aged 90 years old and over (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Population by single year of age (ONS 2017 mid-year estimate); NHS Walsall CCG's area compared against the England benchmark 1.6% NHS Walsall CCG, n = 281293 England, n = 55619430

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0.0% 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90+ Age (single year)

There were similar patterns for females and males, although there was a specific overrepresentation of women in their twenties, whilst the overrepresentation of people in their early eighties and the underrepresentation of people aged 90 years old and over were less pronounced for men (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Population by single year of age and gender (ONS 2017 mid-year estimate); NHS Walsall CCG's area compared against the England benchmark England, Males, n = 27481053 88 NHS Walsall CCG, Males, n = 138280 84 England, Females, n = 28138377 80 NHS Walsall CCG, Females, n = 143013 76 72 68 64 60

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36 Age 32 28 24 20 16 12 8 4 0 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% 1.0% % of Population

In both the England benchmark and NHS Walsall CCG's area, the proportion of women increased and the proportion of men decreased from the age of about 70, although the trend was more variable in NHS Walsall CCG's area (Figure 3).

Figure 3: Population gender balance within single year of age bands (ONS 2017 mid-year estimate); NHS Walsall CCG's area compared against the England benchmark 100%

NHS Walsall CCG, Males, n = 138280 90% NHS Walsall CCG, Females, n = 143013 England, Males, n = 27481053

80% England, Females, n = 28138377 f age f

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0% 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90+ Age (single year)

Disability

Compared to the England benchmark, NHS Walsall CCG's area had higher proportions of people whose day-to-day activities were limited a little or limited a lot (Figure 4).

Figure 4: The disability profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area (2011 Census)

England

Day-to-day activities limited a lot 8.3% Day-to-day activities not limited Day-to-day 82.4% activities limited a little 9.3%

NHS Walsall CCG area

Day-to-day activities limited a lot 10.1%

Day-to-day activities Day-to-day not limited activities 79.6% limited a little 10.3%

Population: 53,012,456 Population1: 267,397

Within both the England benchmark and NHS Walsall CCG's area, higher proportions of people whose day-to-day activities were limited a little or limited a lot were present at older age bands, especially amongst those over 50 years of age (Figure 5).

1 Statistical Disclosure Control by the ONS: In order to protect against disclosure of personal information from the 2011 Census, there has been swapping of records in the Census database between different geographic areas. This process has had an affect on the overall counts and counts by disability category in CCG areas, but counts in the England benchmark are unaffected.

Figure 5: The disability profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area by age band (2011 Census)

England

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NHS Walsall CCG area

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■ Day-to-day activities not limited ■ Day-to-day activities limited a little ■ Day-to-day activities limited a lot

7 Ethnicity

Compared to the England benchmark, NHS Walsall CCG's area had higher proportions of Asian British people and Mixed-race people, and lower proportions of White people, Black British people, and people of other ethnicities (Figure 6).

Figure 6: The ethnicity profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area (2011 Census)

Other England NHS Walsall CCG area Other 1.0% 0.8%

Mixed 2.3% Mixed 2.7% Black British White 3.5% Black British 78.9% White 2.4% Asian British 85.4% 7.8% Asian British 15.2%

Population: 53,012,456 Population: 269,323

Within both the England benchmark and NHS Walsall CCG's area, higher proportions of BME groups were present at younger age bands (Figure 7).

Figure 7: The ethnicity profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area by age band (2011 Census)

England NHS Walsall CCG area

100% 100%

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o % % % % 0% 0% 0 to 24 25 to 49 50 to 64 65 and over 0 to 24 25 to 49 50 to 64 65 and over Age Band (years) Age Band (years)

■ White ■ Asian British ■ Black British ■ Mixed ■ Other

Page 8 Religion or Belief

Compared to the England benchmark, NHS Walsall CCG's area had lower proportions of Buddhists, Christians, and Jews, and higher proportions Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, and people of other religions (Figure 8).

Figure 8: The religion or belief profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area (2011 Census)

England NHS Walsall CCG area

Buddhist No religion No religion Buddhist 0.5% 0.2% 26.7% 21.3%

Other Other religion religion 0.5% 0.6%

Sikh Sikh Christian Christian 0.9% 64.0% 4.6% 62.8%

Muslim Muslim 5.4% 8.7%

Jewish Jewish 0.5% Hindu 0.0% Hindu 1.6% 1.8% Population2: 49,208,352 Population3: 253,149

Within both the England benchmark and NHS Walsall CCG's area, there were higher proportions of Christians at older age bands, whilst Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, and people of no religion tended to exhibit higher proportions at younger age bands (Figure 9).

Figure 9: The religion or belief profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area by age band (2011 Census)

England NHS Walsall CCG area

100% 100%

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o 0% 0% % % % % 0 to 15 16 to 25 to 35 to 50 to 65 to 75 and 0 to 15 16 to 25 to 35 to 50 to 65 to 75 and 24 34 49 64 74 over 24 34 49 64 74 over Age Band (years) Age Band (years)

■ Buddhist ■ Christian ■ Hindu ■ Jewish ■ Muslim ■ Sikh ■ Other ■ No Religion

2 Population of known religion or belief; 7.2% of the population of England chose not to declare their religion or belief. 3 Population of known religion or belief; 6.0% of the population of NHS Walsall CCG’s area chose not to declare their religion or belief.

Page 9 Language

Compared to the England benchmark, NHS Walsall CCG's area had higher proportions of speakers of English, Slovak, Shona, Bengali (with Sylheti and Chatgaya), Gujarati, Pakistani Pahari (with Mirpuri and Potwari), Punjabi, and Urdu, as well as a higher proportion of people who used sign language.

Within the England benchmark, the most commonly spoken languages after English were Polish, Punjabi, Urdu, Bengali (with Sylheti and Chatgaya), Gujarati, and Arabic (Figure 10). With English, these languages covered 95% of the population.

Meanwhile, within NHS Walsall CCG's area, the most commonly spoken languages after English were Punjabi, Urdu, Bengali (with Sylheti and Chatgaya), Gujarati, and Polish (Figure 10). With English, these languages covered 98% of the population.

Figure 10: The language profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area (2011 Census; aged 3 years and over)

Other England NHS Walsall CCG area Arabic 4.7% Polish Other 0.3% 0.6% 2.2% Gujarati 0.4% Gujarati 0.6% Bengali (with Sylheti and Bengali (with English Sylheti and Chatgaya) English 92.0% Chatgaya) 0.4% 92.6% 0.8%

Urdu Urdu 0.5% Punjabi Polish 1.3% Punjabi 0.5% 1.0% 1.9% Population aged 3 years and over: 51,005,610 Population aged 3 years and over: 258,245

■ English ■ Polish ■ Arabic ■ Bengali (with Sylheti and Chatgaya) ■ Gujarati ■ Urdu ■ Punjabi ■ Other

Page 10 Marital Status

Compared to the England benchmark, NHS Walsall CCG's area had higher proportions of married people and widowers, and had lower proportions of single people, divorced people and people in a registered same-sex civil partnership (Figure 11).

Figure 11: The marital status profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area (2011 Census)

England NHS Walsall CCG area Single Widowed 34.6% Widowed Single 6.9% 7.9% 32.9%

Registered Registered same-sex same-sex civil civil partnership partnership Divorced Divorced 0.2% 0.1% 9.0% 8.3%

Separated Married Separated 2.7% 46.6% 2.7% Married 48.2%

Population aged 16 years and over: 42,989,620 Population aged 16 years and over: 213,123

Within both the England benchmark and NHS Walsall CCG's area, there were tendencies for higher proportions of single people in younger age bands, higher proportions of married people / civil partnerships, separated people, and divorced people in middle aged to older age bands, and higher proportions of widowed people amongst the oldest age band (Figure 12).

Figure 12: The marital status profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area by age band (2011 Census)

England NHS Walsall CCG area

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o 20% % % % 0% 0% 16 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 49 50 to 64 65 and 16 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 49 50 to 64 65 and over Age Band (years) Age Band (years) over ■ Single (never married or never registered a same-sex civil partnership) ■ In a registered same-sex civil partnership ■ Married ■ Separated (but still legally married or still legally in a same-sex civil partnership) ■ Divorced or formerly in a same-sex civil partnership which is now legally dissolved ■ Widowed or surviving partner from a same-sex civil partnership

Page 11 Unpaid Care

Compared to the England benchmark, NHS Walsall CCG's area had lower proportions of people who provided no unpaid care or 1 to 19 hours of unpaid care, and higher proportions of people who provided 20 to 49 or 50 or more hours of unpaid care a week (Figure 13).

Figure 13: The unpaid carer profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area (2011 Census) Provides 50 Provides 50 or more England or more NHS Walsall CCG area hours hours unpaid care unpaid care a week a week

Provides 22.04% 3.3% Provides 20 to 49 hours Provides no to 49 hours unpaid care unpaid care unpaid care Provides no a week 89.8% a week unpaid care 1.4% 1.8% 88.6%

Provides 1 Provides 1 to 19 hours to 19 hours unpaid care unpaid care a week a week 6.5% 6.3%

Population: 53,012,456 Population: 269,323

Within both the England benchmark and NHS Walsall CCG's area, there were higher proportions of people who provided no unpaid care in the 0 to 15, 16 to 24, and 25 to 34 years old age bands; whilst there were higher proportions of people who provided unpaid care in the 35 to 49, 50 to 64, and 65 years old and over age bands (Figure 14). The highest burden for the provision of unpaid care fell upon those aged 50 to 64 years of age, although those aged 65 years old and over were most likely to provide 50 or more hours of unpaid care a week.

Figure 14: The unpaid carer profiles of England and the NHS Walsall CCG area by age band (2011 Census)

England NHS Walsall CCG area

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o 0% 0% % % % % 0 to 15 16 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 49 50 to 64 65 and 0 to 15 16 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 49 50 to 64 65 and over over Age Band (years) Age Band (years)

■ Provides no unpaid care ■ Provides 1 to 19 hours unpaid care a week ■ Provides 20 to 49 hours unpaid care a week ■ Provides 50 or more hours unpaid care a week

Page 12 Sexual Identity

Compared to the England benchmark, the West Midlands Region had similar proportions of heterosexual and LGBO people (Figure 15).

Figure 15: Sexual identity profiles of England and the West Midlands region (2016 Annual Population Survey)

Other England West Midlands region Heterosex 0.6% Other Heterosex ual or 0.5% ual or straight 97.4% straight 97.8% Bisexual 0.8% Bisexual 0.7%

Gay or Gay or lesbian lesbian 1.3% 0.9%

Annual Population Survey: 42,106 Annual Population Survey: 4,461 (excludes 4.5% of respondents who withheld their sexual identity) (excludes 2.9% of respondents who withheld their sexual identity)

■ Heterosexual or straight ■ Gay or lesbian ■ Bisexual ■ Other

Page 13 Conclusion

The report provides a snapshot of the CCG’s population demographics (2011 -2018) based on a range of data sources. This complements the Joint Strategic Needs Assessment and other reports and has been produced to support managers and Commissioners in understanding the population demographics. As the data is taken from a range of sources (each representing the most up to date available) there is a variation in the year shown.

It will also support the CCG in identifying and addressing health inequalities within the population served.

The report illustrates that the population of Walsall is very close to the national average in most areas

If you are interested in further information please contact the CCG via the relevant contact us section of the CCG’s website.

David King, Equality, Inclusion and Human Rights Manager – January 2019.

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