Appendix 1 – Plants • Jagera pseudorhus Foambark • Lantana camara Lantana* Dry rainforest area, Walton Bridge Reserve, • Lophostemon confertus Brush Box, Swamp Box The Gap, Brisbane September 2009 • Maclura cochinchinensis Cockspur vine • NW corner 27.444082 S, 152.954505 E • Mallotus philippensis Red Kamala • NE corner 27.444045 S, 152.955017 E • Melia azederarch White Cedar • SE corner 27.444284 S, 152.955124 E • Notolaea longifolia Native olive • SW corner 27.444339 S, 52.954601 E • Ochna serrulata Ochna* • Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine • Panicum maximum Panic Grass The exotic plants have been marked *. • Passiflora subpeltata A Weedy Passionfruit • Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum • A weed Billygoat Weed* • Psychotria daphnoides Scrub Daphne • A weed Flannel Weed* • Rapanea variabilis Muttonwood • Abutilon oxycarpum Flannel Weed • Rhodamnia rubescens Scrub Turpentine • Acacia disparrima Hickory Wattle • Ripogonum brevifolium Small-leaved Supple- • Acacia fimbriata Brisbane Wattle jack • Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood • Smilax australis Austral Sarsparilla • Acronychia laevis Glossy Acronychia • Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Banana Bush • Agathis robusta Queensland Kauri • Trema tomentosa Native Peach • Alectryon tomentosus Hairy Alectryon • Wikstroemia indica Tie Bush • Alphitonia excelsa Soap Tree • Aphanopetalum resinosum Shiny Leaved Gum Vine • Araucaria cunninghamii Hoop Pine • Asparagus africanus Climbing Asparagus Fern* • Backhousia myrtifolia Grey Myrtle • Breynia oblongifolia Breynia • Bridelia exaltata Scrub Ironbark • Callistemon salignus Willow Bottlebrush • Callistemon viminalis Creek Bottlebrush • Carissa ovata Currant Bush • Castanospermum australe Black Bean • Celastrus subspicata Large Leaved Staff Vine • Celtis sinensis Chinese Elm* • Choricarpia leptopetala Brown Myrtle • Cissus antarctica Native Grape • Cissus opaca Small-leaved Grape • Clerodendrum tomentosum Hairy Lollybush • Cryptocarya microneura Murrogun • Cupaniopsis anarcardioides Tuckeroo • Cupaniopsis anarcardioides Tuckeroo • Cyclophyllum longipetalum Coast Canthium • Denhamia celastroides Denhamia • Derris involuta Native Derris • Dianella sp. Flax Lily • Diospyros geminata Queensland Ebony • Embelia australiana Embelia • Eucalyptus propinqua Grey Gum • Eucalyptus siderophloia Ironbark • Eupomatia benettii Small Bolwarra • Eustrephus latifolius Wombat Berry • Ficus rubiginosa Strangler Fig • Gahnia aspera Gahnia • Geitonoplesium cymosum Scrambling Lily • Glochidion ferdinandi Cheese tree • Guioa semiglauca Guioa • Gymnostachys anceps Settler's Twine • Hovea acutifolia Pea Bush

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 1

Appendix 2 – Plants • Syzygium leuhmanii Riberry • Syzygium sp. A Lilly Pilly Bromwich Street, The Gap, Brisbane August • Syzygium sp. A Lilly Pilly 2009 • Tahitian Lime Tree* • SW: 27°26'21.28"S, 152°56'30.38"E • Thistle A Weed* • SE: 27°26'20.99"S, 152°56'30.19"E • Tibouchena sp. Garden ornamental* • NE 27°26'18.98"S, 27°26'18.98"S • Toona ciliata Red Cedar • NW 27°26'21.07"S, 152°56'29.77"E • Trema tomentosa Poison Peach • Yesterday, today, tomorrow An Ornamental*

The exotic plants have been marked *. • Acacia disparrima Hickory Wattle • Acacia fimbriata Brisbane Wattle • Acacia Melanoxylon Blackwood • Acmena smithii A Lilly Pilly • Alchornea ilicifolea Native Holly • Alectryon subcinerius An Alectryon • Alectryon tomentosus Hairy Alectryon • Aloe Vera A Succulent* • Archontophoenix sp. Alexander Palm • Callistemon sp. A Bottlebrush • Callistemon sp. A callistemon • Camellia An Ornamental* • Casuarina cunninghamiana River She Oak • Cherry Tomato A Fruit* • Citrus australasica Finger lime • Cordyline sp. A Palm Lily • Cryptocarya laevigata Glossy Laurel • Dianella caerulea Blue Flax Lily • Dodonea triquetra Forest Hop Bush • Eucalyptus sp. A Eucalypt • Eugenia reinwardtiana Cedar Bay Cherry • Euroschinus falcata Euroschinus • Flat leaved parsley A Herb* • Glochidion ferdinandi Cheese Tree • Glycine weed* • Grevillea robusta Silky Oak • Guava sp. Fruit Tree* • Hibiscus heterophyllus Native Hibiscus • Hibiscus sp. Garden ornamental* • Hymenosporum flavum Native Frangipanni • Jasmine Garden ornamental* • Kaffir Lime Tree* • Lagostroemia sp. Crepe Myrtle* • Lavender A Herb* • Lemon Grass A Herb* • Lemon Tree* • Lomandra hystrix Lomandra • Lychee A Fruit* • Macadamia integrifolia Macadamia • Macaranga tanarius Macaranga • Madeira Vine A Weed* • Melaleuca sp. Bottlebrush • Myer Lemon Tree* • Rosemary A Herb* • Rubus probus Native Raspberry • Sterculia quadrifida Peanut Tree • Syzygium australe Scrub Cherry • Syzygium floribundum Waterhousea

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 2

Appendix 3 – Spiders

Dry rainforest remnant, Walton Bridge Reserve, The Gap, Brisbane September 2009 The dry rainforest remnant in this study has been assessed informally by many botanists and environmental scientists since 2002. Judgment of its quality is influenced by the diversity of plant species (high), percentage of weeds (low), amount of canopy cover (high), amount of ground and mid storey vegetation (high) and structural complexity (high). The garden comparison scored low to medium in all these areas. The revegetated areas scored medium to high.

Family Genus species Common Name QTY Araneidae Araneus acuminata/poltyoides Small Helmeted Orb Weaver 13 Araneidae Araneus acuminatus Pointy Orb Weaver 15 Araneidae Araneus arenaceus Twin-peaked Orb Weaver 11 Araneidae Araneus dimidiatus Dry Leaf-curling Araneus 2 Araneidae Araneus eburnus Bush Orb Weaver 3 Araneidae Araneus psittacinus Blue Bush Orb Weaver 11 Araneidae Argiope keyserlingi St Andrews Cross Spider 6 Araneidae Arkys lancearius Triangular Spider 5 Araneidae Arkys cf alatus sp Ghost Arkys 1 Araneidae Cyclosa insulana Common Cyclosa 6 Araneidae Cyclosa sp. Small Silver Cyclosa 1 Araneidae Cyrtophora exanthematica Pan Web Spider 1 Araneidae Cyrtophora moluccensis Tent Spider 6 Araneidae Dolophones Macleayi Macleay's Wrap Around Spider 2 Araneidae Dolophones sp A Wrap Around Spider 2 Araneidae Eriophora transmarina Garden Orb Weaver 3 Araneidae Poecilopachys australasia Two Spined Spider 5 Clubionidae Clubiona robusta Stout Sac Spider 9 Clubionidae Clubiona modesta Small Sac Spider 1 Corinnidae Battalus sp A Corinnid Spider 1 Deinopidae Avella angulata Angular Net Casting Spider 6 Deinopidae Avella despiciens Green Net-casting Spider 4 Deinopidae Deinopis subrufa Common Net-casting Spider 1 Desidae Badumna sp. Brown Cobweb Spider 8 Mimetidae Australomimetus sp Southern Mimetus 5 Miturgidae Cheiracanthium gilvum Garden Sac Spider 46 Miturgidae Cheiracanthium gracile Small Garden Sac Spider 18 Nephiliidae Nephila plumipes Golden Orb Weaver 21 Oxyopidae Oxyopes elegans Elegant Lynx Spider 93 Oxyopidae Oxyopes quadrifasciatus Four-lined Lynx Spider 29 Oxyopidae Oxyopes variabilis Variable Lynx Spider 12 Philodromidae Tibellus tenellus A Philodromid Spider 2 Pisauridae Dolomedes sp. Water Spider 16 Pisauridae Megadolomedes australis Water Spider 1 Pisauridae Perenthis venusta A Pisaurid Spider 1 Salticidae Damoetas nitidulus? Damoetas Jumping Spider 1 Salticidae Euryattus bleekeri Bleeker's Jumping Spider 6 Salticidae Hasarius adansoni Cosmopolitan Jumping Spider 6 Salticidae Helpis minatabunda Swift Jumping Spider 28 Salticidae Hypoblemum sp. Fearless Jumping Spider 5 Salticidae Jotus auripes Striped Jumping Spider 3 Salticidae Lycidas scutulata Striped Jumping Spider 2 Salticidae Mopsus mormon Northern Green Jumping Spider 34 Salticidae Opisthoncus mordax Biting Jumping Spider 1 Salticidae Opisthoncus parcedentatus Garden Jumping Spider Group 10 Salticidae Opisthoncus polyphemus Small Garden Jumping Spider 13 Salticidae Servaea vestita Well-dressed Jumping Spider 5 Salticidae Simaethula sp. Small Golden Jumping Spider 4 Salticidae Zenodorus orbiculatus Round Ant-eating Jumping Spider 18 Sparassidae Heteropoda cervina Common Hunstman Spider 1 Sparassidae Neosparassus sp. David Hirst's N7 NeoSparassus 1 Tetragnathidae Leucauge granulata Silver Orb Weaver 25 Tetragnathidae Tetragnatha sp. A Tetragnathid Spider 1 Theridiidae Argyrodes antipodianus Dewdrop Spider 12 Theridiidae Ariamnes colubrinus Whip-tailed Spider 5 Theridiidae Achaearanea sp. Achararanea Species 4 Theridiidae Anelosimus sp. Fat-thighedAnelosimus 4 Theridiidae Anelosimus sp. Purple Anelosimus 5 Theridiidae Anelosimus sp. YellowAnelosimus 22 Theridiidae Argyrodes rainbowi Rainbow's Argyrodes 1 Theridiidae Argyrodes sp. Conopistha-type Argyrodes 1 Theridiidae Argyrodes sp. Large Brown Triangular Argyrodes 1

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 3

Theridiidae Argyrodes sp. Small Silver Argyrodes 2 Theridiidae Chrysso pulcherrima Small Pretty Chrysso 4 Theridiidae Dipoena sp. Small Dipoena 30 Theridiidae Episinus sp. Common Episinus 12 Theridiidae Euryopis sp cf elegans Elegant Euryopis 2 Theridiidae Moneta australis Southern Moneta 1 Theridiidae Phoroncidia rotunda Round Phoroncidia 2 Theridiidae Phoroncidia sp. Small Fat-back Phoroncidia 9 Theridiidae Theridion pyramidale Pyramidal Theridion 51 Theridiidae Theridion sp. Stripey Theridion 39 Theridiidae Thwaitesia argentiopunctata Silver Blobs Thwaitesia 21 Theridiidae Thwaitesia nigronodosa Black-kneed Thwaitesia 10 Thomisidae Bomis sp. Small Crab Spider 17 Thomisidae Cymbacha festiva Black-faced Cymbacha 2 Thomisidae Cymbacha ocellata Patterned Cymbacha 29 Thomisidae Diaea dimidiata Small Yellow Flower Spider 6 Thomisidae Diaea evanida Common Flower Spider 2 Thomisidae Hedana sp. Brown Hedana 1 Thomisidae Sidymella hirsuta Hairy Sidymella 3 Thomisidae Sidymella lobata Winged Sidymella 12 Thomisidae Sidymella sp. Swallowtail Sidymella 1 Thomisidae Sidymella sp. Turreted Sidymella 4 Thomisidae Sidymella trapezia Trapezoid Sidymella 12 Thomisidae Stephanopis barbipes Tufted Stephanopis 2 Thomisidae Stephanopis corticalis Spoked Stephanopis 6 Thomisidae Stephanopis pustulosa Crescent-knobbed Stephanopis 2 Thomisidae Tharpyna diademata Diamond Tharpyna 1 Thomisidae Thomisus sp. Brown-fringed Thomisus 4 Thomisidae Thomisus spectabilis White Flower Spider 5 Thomisidae Tmarus cineraceus Grey Tmarus 1 Thomisidae Xysticus geometres Hard-nest Xysticus 8 Uloboridae Philoponella variabilis Variable Philoponella 25 Uloboridae Uloborus congregabilis Social House Spider 19 Zodariidae Storosa obscura Dark Storosa 1

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 4

Appendix 4 – Spiders Garden, Bromwich Street, The Gap, Brisbane August 2009 Family Genus species Common Name QTY Araneidae Araneus acuminatus Pointy Orb Weaver 11 Araneidae Araneus arenaceus Twin-peaked Orb Weaver 1 Araneidae Araneus eburnus Bush Orb Weaver 4 Araneidae Argiope keyserlingi St Andrews Cross Spider 4 Araneidae Cyrtophora moluccensis Tent Spider 2 Araneidae Eriophora transmarina Garden Orb Weaver 21 Desidae Badumna sp. Brown Cobweb Spider 14 Lycosidae Lycosid sp A Lycosid Spider 1 Miturgidae Cheiracanthium gilvum Garden Sac Spider 2 Nephiliidae Nephila plumipes Golden Orb Weaver 1 Oxyopidae Oxyopes elegans Elegant Lynx Spider 18 Oxyopidae Oxyopes quadrifasciatus Four-lined Lynx Spider 10 Oxyopidae Oxyopes variabilis Variable Lynx Spider 11 Pisauridae Dolomedes sp. Water Spider 4 Salticidae Euryattus bleekeri Bleeker's Jumping Spider 3 Salticidae Helpis minatabunda Swift Jumping Spider 6 Salticidae Hypoblemum sp. Fearless Jumping Spider 8 Salticidae Mopsus mormon Northern Green Jumping Spider 9 Salticidae Opisthoncus mordax Biting Jumping Spider 1 Salticidae Opisthoncus parcedentatus Garden Jumping Spider Group 4 Salticidae Opisthoncus polyphemus Small Garden Jumping Spider 2 Salticidae Simaetha thoracica Brown Banded Jumping Spider 2 Salticidae Zenodorus orbiculatus Round Ant-eating Jumping Spider 1 Sparassidae Heteropoda cervina Common Hunstman Spider 1 Tetragnathidae Leucauge granulata Silver Orb Weaver 1 Theridiidae Argyrodes antipodianus Dewdrop Spider 1 Theridiidae Theridion pyramidale Pyramidal Theridion 1 Theridiidae Theridion sp. Stripey Theridion 1 Theridiidae Thwaitesia argentiopunctata Silver Blobs Thwaitesia 1 Thomisidae Diaea dimidiata Small Yellow Flower Spider 4 Thomisidae Diaea evanida Common Flower Spider 4 Thomisidae Sidymella lobata Winged Sidymella 5 Thomisidae Thomisus sp. Brown-fringed Thomisus 4 Uloboridae Philoponella variabilis Variable Philoponella 5 Uloboridae Uloborus congregabilis Social House Spider 7

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 5

Appendix 5 - Spiders Garden, Bromwich Street, The Gap, Brisbane October 2009 The second sample of the garden to check for seasonal variations two months later was expected to yield more spiders because of warmer weather. Surprisingly it yielded much fewer, only 102 in total, 58 per cent as many as the first sample. The number of families was almost the same, 12 the second time, 13 the first time. A few spiders expected in the sample showed up, like the common Lycidas scutulata, Clubiona robusta, Deinopis subrufa, Sidymella trapezia, S. hirsuta and Zosis geniculata. Noticeably absent was Theridion pyramidale, usually very common. The number of genera was 24 (previously 27), the number of species 31 (previously 35). For such a marked decline in total numbers the diversity remained com- paratively quite high, suggesting that conditions had not favoured the normal population increase through Spring. The first survey followed more than usual rainfall in the months of April May and June, whereas the second survey followed unusually dry conditions in July, August and September, suggesting that rainfall may have a greater impact than seasons on spider numbers, because of access to moisture generally and access to food. Soaking rains promote both growth and decay, two processes likely to increase prey numbers for spiders.

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual 2009 83.8 155.8 44.4 236.6 416.6 115.6 3.6 2.6 13.6 61.8 37.8 188.4 1360.6 2010 54.6 244.8 197.0

Family Genus species Common Name QTY Araneidae Araneus acuminata/poltyoides Small Helmeted Orb Weaver 1 Araneidae Argiope keyserlingi St Andrews Cross Spider 2 Araneidae Cyrtophora moluccensis Tent Spider 6 Araneidae Eriophora transmarina Garden Orb Weaver 1 Clubionidae Clubiona robusta Stout Sac Spider 1 Deinopidae Deinopis subrufa Common Net-casting Spider 1 Desidae Badumna sp. Brown Cobweb Spider 2 Miturgidae Cheiracanthium gilvum Garden Sac Spider 9 Miturgidae Cheiracanthium gracile Small Garden Sac Spider 1 Nephiliidae Nephila plumipes Golden Orb Weaver 2 Oxyopidae Oxyopes elegans Elegant Lynx Spider 3 Oxyopidae Oxyopes quadrifasciatus Four-lined Lynx Spider 3 Oxyopidae Oxyopes variabilis Variable Lynx Spider 6 Pisauridae Dolomedes sp. Water Spider 3 Salticidae Euryattus bleekeri Bleeker's Jumping Spider 5 Salticidae Helpis minatabunda Swift Jumping Spider 2 Salticidae Hypoblemum sp. Fearless Jumping Spider 1 Salticidae Lycidas scutulata Striped Jumping Spider 3 Salticidae Mopsus mormon Northern Green Jumping Spider 4 Salticidae Opisthoncus mordax Biting Jumping Spider 1 Salticidae Opisthoncus parcedentatus Garden Jumping Spider Group 3 Salticidae Opisthoncus polyphemus Small Garden Jumping Spider 2 Theridiidae Theridion sp. Stripey Theridion 3 Thomisidae Diaea evanida Common Flower Spider 3 Thomisidae Sidymella hirsuta Hairy Sidymella 1 Thomisidae Sidymella lobata Winged Sidymella 3 Thomisidae Sidymella trapezia Trapezoid Sidymella 8 Thomisidae Thomisus sp. Brown-fringed Thomisus 1 Uloboridae Philoponella variabilis Variable Philoponella 7 Uloboridae Uloborus congregabilis Social House Spider 7 Uloboridae Zosis geniculatus Underneath House Spider 7 102

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 6

References, material and authorities consulted Atkinson, Ron The Find-a-spider Guide http://www.findaspider.org.au/ Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) http://www.abs.gov.au Buchanan, Robin A. (1989). Bush Regeneration: Recovering Australian Landscapes. Redfern: The Open Training and Education Network. Dalton, Stephen Spiders: The Ultimate Predators ISBN: 1554073464 Davies T. V., Zabka M. 1989. Illustrated keys to the genera of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, Brisbane, 27: 189-266 Davies, Valerie Todd Australian spiders (Araneae) : collection, preservation and identification DEWHAR Caring for our Country, an Australian Government Natural Resource Management initiative Forster, Ray and Lyn Spiders of New Zealand and their Worldwide Kin - ISBN 1 877372 13 7, hardback 290 x 217 mm, 312 pages. Framenau, Volker The Wolf Spiders of Australia http://www.lycosidae.info/identification/australia/index.html Gibbs, James What is Biodiversity? A comparison of spider communities Hawkeswood, Trevor J. Spiders of Australia: An Introduction to their Classification, Biology and Distribution, via ABE Books John L Capinera, Insects and Wildlife: Arthropods and their Relationships with Wild Vertebrate Animals, Wiley-Blackwell 2010 Mascord, Ramon Australian Spiders in Colour ABE Books ISBN: 0589070657 / 0-589-07065-7 Mascord, Ramon Spiders of Australia: a Field Guide ABE BOOKS (ISBN: 0589502646 / 0-589-50264-6) Platnick, N. I. The World Spider Catalog, version 10.5. American Museum of Natural History, 2010 Qld Department of Environment and Resource Management, 2009, ClimateQ: toward a greener Queensland Queensland Museum Inquiry Centre Raven, R J A Checklist of Australian Spiders based on N. I. Platnick's The World Spider Catalog, V5.0 Sattler, P.S. and R. Williams (eds) (1999), The Conservation Status of Queensland’s Bioregional Ecosystems EPA, Brisbane. Shield, Jennifer M. Spiders of Bendigo and Victoria's Box-Ironbark Country 2001. - The Secretary, Bendigo Field Nauralists Club Inc. PO Box 396, Bendigo 3552 Tel: 5432 2380 Stanisic et al, Brisbane City Terrestrial Invertebrate Status Review, Brisbane City Council and Queensland Museum 2004 Young, P A R, Querengasser, K Plant Checklist for Brisbane Forest Park 2003

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 7

Acknowledgements • Save Our Waterways Now, catchment group for the Enoggera catchment in north-west Brisbane • Queensland Museum Inquiry Centre and staff generally • Brisbane City Council Habitat Brisbane and Creek Ranger programs • Department of Environment and Resource Management, Qld Government

Thanks Anne Jones for enthusiastic support and unlimited forbearance, Dr Robert Raven, Qld Museum, for advice, materials, support and encouragement, Mark Crocker and Genevieve Graves for the use of their garden block, Dr Scott Carroll for advice and encouragement, Dr Ron Atkinson for spider identification, advice and encouragement, Dr Greg Anderson, for spider identification, support, collaboration and encouragement, Kerry Williamson for advice and assistance with materials and methods, Dr Volker Framenau, WA Museum, for spider identification and advice, Farhan Bhokari for advice and encouragement, Dr David Hirst, SA Museum, for spider identification and enthusiasm, Dr Helen Smith, Australian Museum, for spider identification and support, Dr Christine Lambkin, Qld Museum, for entomological advice and encouragement, Dr Jerzy Prószyński for Salticid ID, advice and encouragement, Dr Pawel Szymkowiak for Thomisid ID, advice and encouragement

Take a closer look: observations of a digital naturalist. Robert Whyte 2009-2010 Page 8