DOCSLIB.ORG

The Principles of Hadith – in Light of Tradition and Orientalism

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Principles of Hadith – in Light of Tradition and Orientalism The Principles of hadith IN light of tradition and orientalism by Abdul Aleem www.TheRopeOfAllah.com Part One: Usul ul-Hadith www.TheRopeOfAllah.com Introduction to Usul ul-Hadith The word ‘hadith’ in its literal sense is a reference to a piece of news, narration, or report. When used as an adjective, it means ‘new’. In this regard, the Qur’an uses the word ‘hadith’ in the meanings of a meaningful conversation (Surah At- Tahrim, ayah 3), non-meaningful conversation (Surah Al-An’am, ayah 68), a historical narrative (Surah Taha, ayah 9), and even the Qur’an itself (Surah Al- Qalam, ayah 44). The Prophet (SAW) himself also used the term in a variety of meanings. However, as the conversations, narrations or ‘ahadith’ in the early period of Islam were dominated by the words of the Prophet (SAW), the term began to be used almost exclusively for actions and sayings, in order to form the Sunnah. Further to this, the word khabar is also used synonymously to ‘hadith’ by the hadith scholars – even though it also means ‘news’. Thus, every hadith is a khabar, but not every khabar is a hadith. Similarly, the word athar (meaning ‘footsteps’) can also refer to either the narrations of the Prophet (SAW) - as used by Tabari and Tahawi, or the companions (RA). But in order to avoid any confusion, this term is now generally used to refer only to the practice and sayings of the Sahaabah (RA). Hadith reports of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) are of the following kind: • What he said (qaul). • What he did (fi’l). • What he silently approved in others (taqreer). The muhadditheen however did not usually consider his lack of objections to matters as hadith. • Reports about him and what he was like (sifa) are also collected, although not used in law. Some of these hadith were divinely inspired, while the Prophet (SAW) attributed some to Allah. In order to distinguish between both, the former is referred to as Hadith Nabawi (Prophetic Hadith) and the latter as Hadith Qudsi (Sacred Hadith). However, many do not differentiate between the two, as both are from Allah. In its totality, the hadith collections form an extensive corpus of individual and corroborative narratives. These include accounts of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW)’s every act, his orders, prohibitions, recommendations, approval or disapproval, and covers every aspect of his personal, private, domestic, public, political, commercial, military, fiscal, and administrative matters of his life in both his capacity as a man and a prophet. www.TheRopeOfAllah.com Hadith vs. Sunnah In hadith scholarship, the term ‘sunnah’ has become synonymous with the word ‘hadith’, even though the former refers to the Prophet (SAW)’s actions, and the latter for his narrations. However, the word ‘Sunnah’ itself (linguistically meaning ‘a path’ or ‘a way’) has different meanings within the various different disciplines of Islamic scholarship: • To the scholars of Hadith: Sunnah refers to all that is narrated from the Prophet (SAW), his acts, his sayings, whatever he has tacitly approved, and all the reports that describe his physical attributes and character. • To the scholars of Fiqh: Sunnah refers to the categories of mandub or nafilah in fiqh. In this sense, Sunnah is used synonymously with mandub. Therefore, as far as fiqh is concerned – every sunnah is from a hadith, but not every hadith is a sunnah. Further to this, a hadith may even contain more than one sunnah. • To the scholars of Usul ul-Fiqh: Sunnah refers to the secondary source of Shar’iah, after the Qur’an. The importance of the Prophetic example (Sunnah) There are many things in the Qur’an in which details do not appear, and here, the Prophet (SAW) explained these e.g. salaah. Without the Sunnah, we would not know how to follow these actions in the Qur’an. To add to this, there are many things other than these details that the Prophet (SAW) did, and these were performed in order to beautify these actions, so that we can also perform them beautifully. We do not copy him, but we follow him. The difference is that following requires us to understand what he did and why, so that we can also do it. In this regard, Shah Waliullah (d. 1176AH) classified the Sunnah into two types: • Sunan al-Huda: Prophetic actions and narrations as a means for guidance. • Sunan al-‘Aada: General narrations suiting to that time. For example, although he ate what the Arabs ate, it is Sunnah to eat halal but not necessarily the exact same food. Another example is when he was once asked regarding a battle tactic and if it was divine, he replied in the negative. He was then told that a different tactic would be better, and so he followed the suggestion. The first is from a divine source, but the latter is not necessarily divine. However, if someone were to perform a Sunan al-‘Aada out of his love for the Prophet (SAW) – there is still a blessing in that action. www.TheRopeOfAllah.com The development of Usul ul-Hadith None of the Sahaabah (RA) are considered to be able to make a lie against the Prophet (SAW) in their recordings of his narrations. However, it is possible that they may have understood matters differently, but their integrity is always intact. For example, when the Prophet (SAW) mentioned a dead person is punished when their family cries – Umar (RA) and others narrated it in a literal fashion. However, Aisha (RA) clarified that it was specifically said about a particular Jew, who was crying as his family were wailing. Thus, she was able to clarify the meaning of what he had said, as she knew the context behind it. When the next generation appeared, the Prophet (SAW) was no more, and therefore they had to verify what they had learned about the Prophet (SAW) before they followed it. With this, the science of hadith was born. Because of this, many conditions were sanctioned for anyone who is to transmit any of this information; honesty and integrity, and the ability to convey a message accurately. This was especially due to people making up ahadith to suit themselves or their groups, sects, or even cities and countries. Amongst these categories, false ahadith were rife. The Tabi’i ibn Sirin (RH) (d. 110AH) said, “(In the beginning), they would not ask about the isnad. But when the fitnah (civil war) happened, they demanded, ‘Name your men to us.’ The narrations of the Ahlus- Sunnah would be accepted, while those of Ahlul-Bid‘ah would be rejected”. Criticism of this nature was referred to as Naqd al-Hadith (Criticism of Hadith) in the early period, and later came to be known as ‘Ilm al-Jarh wat-Ta‘deel (The Science of Validation). The earliest recorded comments made for this purpose were reported by Shu’ba ibn Hajjaj (d. 160AH), with ibn Shihab az-Zuhuri (d. 124AH) the first to record biographical material about the hadith narrators along with the narrations themselves. Other scholars in this field from this period include ibn Jurayj al-Makki (d. 149AH), ibn Ishaq (d. 150AH), Ma’man ibn Rashid al-Yamani (d. 152AH), Sa’eed ibn Abu Arubah Madani (d. 156AH), al-Rabi ibn Sabih (d. 159AH), Sufyan ath- Thawri (d. 160AH), Malik (d. 178AH), Layth ibn Sa’ad (d. 174AH) and ibn al- Mubarak (d. 180AH). From these early efforts, the science of hadith (‘Ilm Mustlah al-Hadith or ‘Ilm Usul ul-Hadith) evolved to distinguish between authentic narrations and weak or fabricated ones. Although early examples of details of this science can be found in the Risalah of Imam Shafi’i (d. 204AH) and the Tamyeez of Imam Muslim (d. 261AH), the first person to produce a complete book dedicated to its sciences was Ramahurmuzi (d. 360AH), in his Al-Muhaddith Al-Fasil. However, this was still a basic book, until the full properly categorised and detailed works on mustalah (agreed upon terminologies of hadith) were produced by Imam Khateeb al-Baghdadi (d. 463AH). These works were later condensed by ibn Salah (d. 643AH) – becoming the sourcebook for all future works on the issue. However, the later explanations of hadith terminology were not always understood in their defined manner amongst the earlier generations. During the www.TheRopeOfAllah.com formative periods of hadith verification, terms were often used that did not have the same technical definitions as used by later scholars. Further to this, one must remember that the ahadith are divine, whilst usul ul- hadith is a human effort, in order to seek which is stronger than which. This effort, being human, is also a reason as to why people may differ with each other. In conclusion, the study of hadith can be of two types: 1) Dirayah: Study of its chains and narrations (i.e. Usul ul-Hadith). 2) Riwayah: Study of the hadith and its meanings, in order to understand it. The era of the Sahaabah (RA) During the lifetime of the Prophet (SAW), there was no urgency in the need to write down all of his various statements or record his actions, as he was available to be consulted at any time. Further to this, there are some ahadith which suggest that the Prophet (SAW) even forbade people from writing down anything other than the Qur’an - and this is often picked up by Orientalists as a criticism. For example, the Prophet (SAW) had once said, “Do not write from me anything except the Qur’an, and whoever has written anything from me other than the Qur’an should erase it” (ibn Majah).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ebook Download the Hadith
    THE HADITH PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Bill Warner | 70 pages | 01 Dec 2010 | CSPI | 9781936659012 | English | United States The Hadith PDF Book The reports of Muhammad's and sometimes companions behavior collected by hadith compilers include details of ritual religious practice such as the five salat obligatory Islamic prayers that are not found in the Quran, but also everyday behavior such as table manners, [52] dress, [53] and posture. Hadith have been called "the backbone" of Islamic civilization , [5] and within that religion the authority of hadith as a source for religious law and moral guidance ranks second only to that of the Quran [6] which Muslims hold to be the word of God revealed to his messenger Muhammad. Categories : Hadith Islamic terminology Islamic theology Muhammad. My father bought a slave who practiced the profession of cupping. Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah. Main article: Criticism of Hadith. Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Depictions of Muhammed. Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Sahih Bukhari is a collection of sayings and deeds of Prophet Muhammad pbuh , also known as the sunnah. Leiden : Brill Publishers , Among the verses cited as proof that the Quran called on Muslims "to refrain from that which [Muhammad] forbade, to obey him and to accept his rulings" in addition to obeying the Quran, [50] are:. This narrative is verified by Abu Bakr who has the least narrations of the Hadith of all the companions of the prophet despite him being the companion that was with him the most. The first people to hear hadith were the companions who preserved it and then conveyed it to those after them.
    [Show full text]
  • M. Fethullah Gülen's Understanding of Sunnah
    M. FETHULLAH GÜLEN’S UNDERSTANDING OF SUNNAH Submitted by Mustafa Erdil A thesis in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Theology Faculty of Theology and Philosophy Australian Catholic University Research Services Locked Bag 4115 Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 Australia 23 JULY 2016 1 | P a g e STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP AND SOURCES This thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a thesis by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma. No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of the thesis. This thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution. All research procedures in the thesis received the approval of the relevant Ethics/Safety Committees (where required). Mustafa Erdil 23 JULY 2016 Signature: ABSTRACT The aim and objective of this study is to highlight the importance of and the status of hadith in Islam, as well as its relevance and reference to sunnah, the Prophetic tradition and all that this integral source of reference holds in Islam. Furthermore, hadith, in its nature, origin and historical development with its close relationship with the concept of memorisation and later recollection came about after the time of Prophet Muhammad. This study will thus explore the reasons behind the prohibition, in its initial stage, with the authorisation of recording the hadiths and its writing at another time. The private pages of hadith recordings kept by the companions will be sourced and explored as to how these pages served as prototypes for hadith compilations of later generations.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter on Not Raising the Hands in Other Than the Opening & The
    Chapter on Not Raising the Hands in other than the Opening & the Command to be Still in Salah ‘Allamah Zafar Ahmad al-‘Uthmani Translated by Zameelur Rahman 1. Narrated from Tamim ibn Tarafah from Jabir ibn Samurah (Allah be pleased with him): He said: Allah‟s Messenger (Allah bless him and grant him peace) came out to us and said: “Why do I see you raising your hands like they are the tails of wild horses? Be still in Salah!” Muslim narrated it (1:181). I say: The evidence adhered to in this hadith is his (Allah bless him and grant him peace) statement, “Be still in Salah,” as it proves the obligation of stillness and that raising the hands in Salah negates this [stillness]. If it is said that his (Allah bless him and grant him peace) statement, “Why do I see you raising your hands like they are the tails of wild horses?” was said specifically with respect to raising [the hands] upon salam as clarified in a second hadith, which is Muslim’s narration from ‘Ubayd Allah ibn al-Qibtiyyah from Jabir ibn Samurah, he said: “We would, when praying with Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and grant him), say ‘al-salamu ‘alaykum wa rahmat Allah, al-salamu ‘alaykum wa rahmat Allah,’” and he gestured with his hands to the side, “so Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: ‘Why do you gesture with your hands like they are the tails of wild horses?’” We say: Apparently the hadith of Tamim ibn Tarafah and the hadith of ‘Ubayd Allah ibn al- Qibtiyyah are two separate incidents because it is not said to the one raising the hand during salam, “Be still in (fi) Salah,” since by this act [i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • 05-2019-7.Pdf
    Teoretičeskaâ i prikladnaâ nauka Theoretical & Applied Science 05 (73) 2019 International Scientific Journal Theoretical & Applied Science Founder: International Academy of Theoretical & Applied Sciences Published since 2013 year. Issued Monthly. International scientific journal «Theoretical & Applied Science», registered in France, and indexed more than 45 international scientific bases. Editorial office: http://T-Science.org Phone: +777727-606-81 E-mail: [email protected] Editor-in Chief: Hirsch index: Alexandr Shevtsov h Index RISC = 1 (78) Editorial Board: 1 Prof. Vladimir Kestelman USA h Index Scopus = 3 (38) 2 Prof. Arne Jönsson Sweden h Index Scopus = 4 (21) 3 Prof. Sagat Zhunisbekov KZ - 4 Assistant of Prof. Boselin Prabhu India - 5 Lecturer Denis Chemezov Russia h Index RISC = 2 (61) 6 Senior specialist Elnur Hasanov Azerbaijan h Index Scopus = 6 (11) 7 Associate Prof. Christo Ananth India h Index Scopus = - (1) 8 Prof. Shafa Aliyev Azerbaijan h Index Scopus = - (1) 9 Associate Prof. Ramesh Kumar India h Index Scopus = - (2) 10 Associate Prof. S. Sathish India h Index Scopus = 2 (13) 11 Researcher Rohit Kumar Verma India - 12 Prof. Kerem Shixaliyev Azerbaijan - 13 Associate Prof. Ananeva Elena Pavlovna Russia h Index RISC = 1 (19) 14 Associate Prof. Muhammad Hussein Noure Elahi Iran - 15 Assistant of Prof. Tamar Shiukashvili Georgia - 16 Prof. Said Abdullaevich Salekhov Russia - 17 Prof. Vladimir Timofeevich Prokhorov Russia - 18 Researcher Bobir Ortikmirzayevich Tursunov Uzbekistan - 19 Associate Prof. Victor Aleksandrovich Melent'ev Russia - 20 Prof. Manuchar Shishinashvili Georgia - ISSN 2308-4944 0 5 © Сollective of Authors 9 7 7 2 3 0 8 4 9 4 1 9 5 © «Theoretical & Applied Science» International Scientific Journal Theoretical & Applied Science Editorial Board: Hirsch index: 21 Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Download 1 File
    Following A Madhhab: Innovation or Obligation? A collection of articles by: Mufti Muhammed Taqi Usmani Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad Shaykh Nuh Ha Mim Keller Shaykh Murabtal Haaj Dr. G. F. Haddad Dr. S. Kose Table of Contents The Issue of Taqlid and Adopting a Madhhab ............................................................................................................ 4 Written by Mufti Muhammed Taqi Usmani .......................................................................................................4 Translated by Zameelur Rahman ..........................................................................................................................4 Understanding The Four Madhhabs: The Problem with Anti-Madhhabism ....................................................... 12 By Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad .........................................................................................................................12 Why Muslims Follow Madhhabs ................................................................................................................................ 29 By Shaykh Nuh Keller ..........................................................................................................................................29 Shaykh Murabtal Haaj’s Fatwa on Following One of the Four Accepted Madhhabs .......................................... 49 Issued by Shaykh Murabtal Haaj, Mauritania ...................................................................................................49 Translated by Hamza Yusuf
    [Show full text]
  • Hadith Status and Role
    - HADITH• STATUS AND ROLE An Introduction to the Prophet's Tradition Sayyed Abul al-I:Iasan (All I:Iasani Nadwi UK ISLAMIC ACADEMY www.abulhasanalinadwi.org @ UK Islamic Academy, 2005 C.E. / 1426 A.H. ISBN 1 872531 75 X (PB) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prim permission of the copyright owner. Translated and Edited hy Adil Salahi General Editor: Iqbal Ahmad Azami Published by UK Islamic Academy 147 Mere Road, Highficlds, Leicester, LE5 5GQ United Kingdom Website: www.ukiabooks.corn E-mail: [email protected] British. Library Cataloguing irl Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Design and Typeset by Muhammad al-Madani :_,. ",",.~. , ~. __ 0 www.abulhasanalinadwi.org CONTENTS Introduction................................................................. 3 I: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF I:IADITH Divine Wisdom Reflected by Hadith Sciences ... 10 As Prophethood is Sealed............................................ 11 Detter than Statues and Legends.................................. 11 A Standard Measuring the Community's Worth ..... ..... 12 Strong Motive for Reform and Resisting Deviation.... 14 Delayed Documentation in the First Generation......... 14 Hadith Collection and Documentation....................... 16 Early Collection and Documentation. 18 The Six Authentic Collections 19 Biographical Notes on the Authors of the Six Authentic Collections.... 22 Imam al-Bukhari, author of al-jami ( al-~al:l!I:l.............. 23 Imam Muslim ibn al-Hajjfij al-Qushayii 28 Imam Abu Dawud al-Sijistani 30 Imam al- Tirmidhi 32 Imam Ibn Majah......................................................... 34 Imam al-Nasii'I 35 Imam Malik ..; 36 Other Hadith Collections 39 Disciplines Introduced to Serve I:Iadi"th......................
    [Show full text]
  • Bachelor Study Plan Usul Addin 2012
    Department of Usul-Addin The Department was established in 1992. It awards a Bachelor Degree in Usul addin after a successful study of (132) credit hours. Currently, there are 14 faculty members holding a Ph.D degree. It also supervises the Qur’anic Recitation Program (Telawah and Tajweed) with a modern laboratory equipped with computers and audiovisual aids to train students in the field. At the graduate levels, the Department offers both an M.A. in Usul Addin and a Ph.D. in Tafseer (Qur’anic interpretation, Qur’anic Sciences, and Hadith). The department also inclouds the holy Quran program connects with teaching recitation of the Quran and memorizing the Surahs, beside the Laberatory of recitation. More over arrangements are put to develop this program to be a department of Qira'at (Quranic Readings ) in future in God willing. Like the other departments of faculty of Shariah and Islamic studies the department participates in general activities toward the faculty, University and the Local Society. STUDY PLAN FOR THE BACHELOR DEGREE IN USUL-ADDIN The Department of Usul- Addin offers a Bachelor in Usul- Addin on completion of the following requirements : *The fulfillment of the conditions stated in the By Laws for awarding the Bachelor Degree. *University course requirements (as stated earlier). (27Cr.Hr) *Faculty course requirements as (stated earlier). (24Cr.Hr) *Department course requirements (81Cr.Hr) 1- Faculty course requirements as (stated earlier). (24Cr.Hr) Cs 101A, Sh Us 110, Sh Fq 111, Sh Us 120, Sh Fq 112, Sh Is 130, Sh Is 200, sh Us 111, Sh Us 210, Sh Us 310.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Hadith Terminology
    Introduction to Hadith Terminology Description: A short introduction to the most common words and terms related to ahadith that you will come across in your reading about Islam. By Aisha Stacey (© 2014 NewMuslims.com) Published on 05 Sep 2016 - Last modified on 05 Sep 2016 Category: Lessons >Prophet Muhammad > Hadith and Sunnah Objectives · To understand some common terms related to ahadith used in Islamic literature. · To appreciate that the classification of ahadith is a meticulous effort and involves academic discipline. Arabic Terms · Daeef " weak. · Hadith - (plural " ahadith) is a piece of information or a story. In Islam it is a narrative record of the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad and his companions. · Hasan " good. · Isnad " chain of transmitters of any given hadith. · Matn " the text of a hadith. · Mawdu " fabricated or forged. · Sahabah - the plural form of oeSahabi,” which translates to Companions. A sahabi, as the word is commonly used today, is someone who saw Prophet Muhammad, believed in him and died as a Muslim · Saheeh " sound, without defect. · Sunnah - The word Sunnah has several meanings depending on the area of study however the meaning is generally accepted to be, whatever was reported that the Prophet said, did, or approved. Introduction Introduction to Hadith Terminology 1 of 4 www.NewMuslims.com Muslims believe that the second primary source of Islam is the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of Allah be upon him. The Sunnah is considered to be a revelation and it is contained within the large body of literature known as ahadith. The Quran and the Sunnah cannot be understood correctly without recourse to each other because the Sunnah is the practical example of how Prophet Muhammad implemented the Quran, in his character and in his day to day life.
    [Show full text]
  • Halal and Haram
    EQL Hadith References Halal Introduction • This document has been created for the internal use of Euro Quality Lambs Ltd (www.euroqualitylambs.co.uk). • It has been compiled from 2006 to date to amalgamate all Hadith from the major 6 books of aHadith (plus 3 others) encountered in reference to halal food & associated topics1. • The major 6 books of Hadith are o Sahih Bukhari o Sahih Muslim o Sunan Abu Dau’d o Sunan Tirmidhi o Sunan Ibn Maja o Sunan al-Sughra by al-Nasa’i • The additional 3 books of Hadith are o Al-Muwatta by Imam Malik o Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal o Sunan al-Darami • Other hadith are included as encountered. Examples include o 40 hadith by Imam Nawawi o Riyad Us-Saliheen by Imam Nawawi • This document is not exhaustive and has not been verified by an Islamic scholar. • It is simply an internal document to aid EQL colleagues in halal production and to act as a primary basis for forming intelligent questions to Islamic scholars. • There is an equivalent document compiling qur’anic ayats which should be read first. • Any mistakes found are due to the author and any benefit is from Allah (swt). References The 6 major books of hadith can be viewed at www.ahadith.co.uk along with the additional 3 books of Hadith. The other hadith books can be viewed by reference to the relevant books as follows. 1 Note: It DOES NOT cover drink. Oct 2018 v2 Page 1 of 15 Understanding this document • There is always a danger of using hadiths that have been translated by different authors or that have different numbering systems due to the edition used.
    [Show full text]
  • Rosen 4121.Pdf
    Rosen, Ehud (2015) Modern conceptualisations of bid‘a : Wahhābīs, Salafis and the Muslim Brotherhood. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/id/eprint/20358 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this PhD Thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This PhD Thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this PhD Thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the PhD Thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full PhD Thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD PhD Thesis, pagination. Modern conceptualisations of bid‘a: Wahhābīs, Salafis and the Muslim Brotherhood Ehud Rosen Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD 2015 Department of Languages and Cultures of the Near and Middle East SOAS, University of London 1 Declaration for SOAS PhD thesis I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the SOAS, University of London concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part, by any other person. I also undertake that any quotation or paraphrase from the published or unpublished work of another person has been duly acknowledged in the work which I present for examination.
    [Show full text]
  • Pico Della Mirandola Descola Gardner Eco Vernant Vidal-Naquet Clément
    George Hermonymus Melchior Wolmar Janus Lascaris Guillaume Budé Peter Brook Jean Toomer Mullah Nassr Eddin Osho (Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh) Jerome of Prague John Wesley E. J. Gold Colin Wilson Henry Sinclair, 2nd Baron Pent... Olgivanna Lloyd Wright P. L. Travers Maurice Nicoll Katherine Mansfield Robert Fripp John G. Bennett James Moore Girolamo Savonarola Thomas de Hartmann Wolfgang Capito Alfred Richard Orage Damião de Góis Frank Lloyd Wright Oscar Ichazo Olga de Hartmann Alexander Hegius Keith Jarrett Jane Heap Galen mathematics Philip Melanchthon Protestant Scholasticism Jeanne de Salzmann Baptist Union in the Czech Rep... Jacob Milich Nicolaus Taurellus Babylonian astronomy Jan Standonck Philip Mairet Moravian Church Moshé Feldenkrais book Negative theologyChristian mysticism John Huss religion Basil of Caesarea Robert Grosseteste Richard Fitzralph Origen Nick Bostrom Tomáš Štítný ze Štítného Scholastics Thomas Bradwardine Thomas More Unity of the Brethren William Tyndale Moses Booker T. Washington Prakash Ambedkar P. D. Ouspensky Tukaram Niebuhr John Colet Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī Panjabrao Deshmukh Proclian Jan Hus George Gurdjieff Social Reform Movement in Maha... Gilpin Constitution of the United Sta... Klein Keohane Berengar of Tours Liber de causis Gregory of Nyssa Benfield Nye A H Salunkhe Peter Damian Sleigh Chiranjeevi Al-Farabi Origen of Alexandria Hildegard of Bingen Sir Thomas More Zimmerman Kabir Hesychasm Lehrer Robert G. Ingersoll Mearsheimer Ram Mohan Roy Bringsjord Jervis Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III Alain de Lille Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud Honorius of Autun Fränkel Synesius of Cyrene Symonds Theon of Alexandria Religious Society of Friends Boyle Walt Maximus the Confessor Ducasse Rāja yoga Amaury of Bene Syrianus Mahatma Phule Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Qur'an Cappadocian Fathers Feldman Moncure D.
    [Show full text]
  • Majmooa'al-Fatwa of Sheikh Ibn Bazz(R)
    English Translations of Majmoo’al-Fatawa of late Scholar Ibn Bazz (R) Second Edition By: Sheikh `Abdul `Aziz Bin `Abdullah ibn `AbdulRahman ibn Bazz (May Allah forgive and reward al-Firdouse to him and his parents) He was The Mufti of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Chairman of the Council of Senior Scholars, and Chairman of Department of Scholarly Research and Ifta' This English Translations are collected from http://www.alifta.com Portal of the General Presidency of Scholarly Research and Ifta' This file is volume No.07 of 30 ( Part No : 7, Page No: 1) ( Part No : 7, Page No: 2) ( Part No : 7, Page No: 3) ( Part No : 7, Page No: 4) ( Part No : 7, Page No: 5) Reasons for Allah's Victory of the believers over their enemies All praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds. The good end shall be for the pious. Peace and blessings be upon the Servant and Messenger of Allah, the best of His Creation whom He entrusted with His Wahy (Revelation), our Prophet and Master Muhammad ibn `Abdullah, and upon his family, Companions and whoever follows his way and guidance until the Day of Resurrection. To proceed, I would like to thank Allah (Glorified and Exalted be He) for granting me this opportunity to meet with some Muslim brothers in the holiest place in the world, namely Makkah Al­Mukarramah, to recommend one another to Al­Haqq (the Truth), cooperate in righteousness and Taqwa (fearing Allah as He should be feared), and point out the means of being victorious over the enemies of Muslims.
    [Show full text]