Bank Panics and the Endogeneity of Central Banking
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2015 UBB Annual Report
4 Years Forward United Bankers’ Bancorporation, Inc. | Annual Report 2015 40 Years Forward for Community Banking “… Standing on the shoulders of giants.” This phrase, made famous by Sir Isaac Newton, captures the spirit of UBB’s 40th anniversary. Thanks to the mighty shoulders of the community bankers who courageously 2015 2014 founded UBB as the nation’s first bankers’ bank in 1975, all those bankers over the years who have added their support, and all of you today who will write our future, we feel privileged to be part of the community-banking story. Financial Highlights The 2015 Annual Report that follows combines a retrospective For Years Ended December 31 2015 2014 % Change of this remarkable 40-year journey with a look forward, hence 40 Years … Forward! Each era represents a story-within-a Consolidated: story at UBB: Net Income $ 5,395,651 $ 5,132,455 5.13% Return on Average Equity 7.04% 7.07% (0.42%) • Revolution (1975 to 1990) Return on Average Assets 0.68% 0.68% 0.00% – Inspiration Starts a Movement • Transformation (1990 to 2000) Total Assets $ 804,408,106 $ 788,125,954 2.07% – Ready for a New Direction Loans $ 440,444,263 $ 372,095,004 18.37% Total Liabilities $ 724,576,666 $ 710,465,970 1.99% • Innovation (2000 to 2010) Total Stockholders’ Equity $ 79,831,440 $ 77,659,984 2.80% – Technologies Build Momentum • Anticipation (2010 to 2015) Agent Federal Funds $ 230,000,000 $ 100,000,000 130.00% – Strength for Tomorrow’s Community Bank Common Stock Outstanding 49,212 51,934 (5.24%) UBB President and CEO Bill Rosacker and Board Chairman Dick Behl will bring it all together with their vision for UBB and our Consolidated Per Share Data: community bank partnership. -
How Borrowers Choose and Repay Payday Loans
PAYDAY LENDING IN AMERICA: REPORT 2 How Borrowers Choose and Repay Payday Loans February 2013 This is the second report in a series, Payday Lending in America, that presents original research findings from Pew’s safe small-dollar loans research project on how to create a safe and transparent marketplace for those who borrow small sums of money. www.pewtrusts.org/small-loans THE PEW CHARITABLE TRUSTS SAFE SMALL-DOLLAR LOANS RESEARCH PROJECT FEBRUARY 2013 The Pew Charitable Trusts is driven by the power of knowledge to solve today’s most challenging problems. Pew applies a rigorous, analytical approach to improve public policy, inform the public, and stimulate civic life. The safe small-dollar loans research project focuses on small-dollar credit products such as payday and automobile title loans, as well as emerging alternatives. The project works to find safe and transparent solutions to meet consumers’ immediate financial needs. THE PEW CHARITABLE TRUSTS Susan K. Urahn, executive vice president Travis Plunkett, deputy director ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The safe small-dollar loans research project—Nick Bourke, Alex Horowitz, and Tara Roche—thanks Pew staff members Steven Abbott, Sachini Bandara, Samuel Derheimer, Jennifer V. Doctors, Laura Fahey, Walter Lake, Samantha Lasky, Barclay Mitchell, and Liz Voyles for providing valuable feedback on the report, and Jennifer Peltak, Evan Potler, and Carla Uriona for design and web support. Many thanks to our other former and current colleagues who made this work possible. We also would like to thank the small- loan borrowers who participated in our survey and focus groups, and the many people who helped us put those groups together. -
Universita' Degli Studi Di Padova
UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE ECONOMICHE ED AZIENDALI “M.FANNO” CORSO DI LAUREA MAGISTRALE / SPECIALISTICA IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION TESI DI LAUREA “The American banking system before the FED” RELATORE: CH.MO PROF. GIANFRANCO TUSSET LAUREANDO: CARLO RUBBO MATRICOLA N. 1121213 ANNO ACCADEMICO 2016 – 2017 ANNO ACCADEMICO 2016 – 2017 Il candidato dichiara che il presente lavoro è originale e non è già stato sottoposto, in tutto o in parte, per il conseguimento di un titolo accademico in altre Università italiane o straniere. Il candidato dichiara altresì che tutti i materiali utilizzati durante la preparazione dell’elaborato sono stati indicati nel testo e nella sezione “Riferimenti bibliografici” e che le eventuali citazioni testuali sono individuabili attraverso l’esplicito richiamo alla pubblicazione originale. Firma dello studente _________________ INDEX INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 2 CHAPTER ONE ........................................................... 4 THE INDEPENDENCE WAR AND THE BANK OF NORTH AMERICA .... 5 THE FIRST BANK OF THE UNITED STATES 1791 – 1811 ........................... 8 THE SECOND BANK OF THE UNITED STATES 1816-1833 ....................... 13 THE DECENTRALIZED BANKING SYSTEM 1837 – 1863 .......................... 17 CIVIL WAR FINANCING AND THE NATIONAL BANKING SYSTEM ... 23 PANICS OF THE END OF THE CENTURY AND ROAD TO THE FED .... 27 CHAPTER TWO ........................................................ 39 THE ROLE OF THE U.S. SUPREME COURT ................................................ 40 THE SUFFOLK SYSTEM: A “FREE MARKET CENTRAL BANK” .......... 45 DO THE U.S. NEED A CENTRALIZED BANKING SYSTEM? ................... 49 FINAL REFLECTIONS ............................................ 64 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................... 69 1 INTRODUCTION The history of the American banking system is not well-known but it is very important, since it has shaped the current financial market of the country. The U.S. -
Citigroup: a Case Study in Managerial and Regulatory Failures
CITIGROUP: A CASE STUDY IN MANAGERIAL AND REGULATORY FAILURES ARTHUR E. WILMARTH, JR.* “I don’t think [Citigroup is] too big to manage or govern at all . [W]hen you look at the results of what happened, you have to say it was a great success.” Sanford “Sandy” Weill, chairman of Citigroup, 1998-20061 “Our job is to set a tone at the top to incent people to do the right thing and to set up safety nets to catch people who make mistakes or do the wrong thing and correct those as quickly as possible. And it is working. It is working.” Charles O. “Chuck” Prince III, CEO of Citigroup, 2003-20072 “People know I was concerned about the markets. Clearly, there were things wrong. But I don’t know of anyone who foresaw a perfect storm, and that’s what we’ve had here.” Robert Rubin, chairman of Citigroup’s executive committee, 1999- 20093 “I do not think we did enough as [regulators] with the authority we had to help contain the risks that ultimately emerged in [Citigroup].” Timothy Geithner, President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2003-2009; Secretary of the Treasury, 2009-20134 * Professor of Law and Executive Director of the Center for Law, Economics & Finance, George Washington University Law School. I wish to thank GW Law School and Dean Greg Maggs for a summer research grant that supported my work on this Article. I am indebted to Eric Klein, a member of GW Law’s Class of 2015, and Germaine Leahy, Head of Reference in the Jacob Burns Law Library, for their superb research assistance. -
February 2019 PA Bar Exam Questions and Analyses
FEBRUARY 2019 PENNSYLVANIA BAR EXAMINATION Essay Questions and Examiners’ Analyses and Performance Test Pennsylvania Board of Law Examiners 601 Commonwealth Avenue, Suite 3600 P.O. Box 62535 Harrisburg, PA 17106-2535 (717) 231-3350 www.pabarexam.org ©2019 Pennsylvania Board of Law Examiners Table of Contents Index ..................................................................................................................................................ii Question No. 1: Facts and Interrogatories, Examiner's Analysis and Grading Guidelines ..............1 Question No. 2: Facts and Interrogatories, Examiner's Analysis and Grading Guidelines ..............9 Question No. 3: Facts and Interrogatories, Examiner's Analysis and Grading Guidelines .............17 Question No. 4: Facts and Interrogatories, Examiner's Analysis and Grading Guidelines .............24 Question No. 5: Facts and Interrogatories, Examiner's Analysis and Grading Guidelines .............34 Question No. 6: Facts and Interrogatories, Examiner's Analysis and Grading Guidelines .............43 Performance Test and Grading Guidelines .......................................................................................50 i Index Question No. 1 1. Decedent’s Estates: Slayer’s Act 2. Decedent’s Estates: decedent’s debts 3. Federal Income Tax: inherited property basis and stepped up basis 4. Professional Responsibility: duty to prospective clients Question No. 2 1. UCC Article II: warranties 2. UCC Article II: disclaimer of warranties 3. Business Organizations: member liability for LLC obligations 4. Business Organizations: limitations on LLC distributions Question No. 3 1. Criminal Law: burglary and theft 2. Family Law: custody 3. Evidence: competency of minor witness Question No. 4 1. Constitutional Law: Equal Protection 2(a). Employment Law: hostile work environment (HWE) 2(b). Employment Law: HWE affirmative defense 3. Civil Procedure: intervention ii Question No. 5 1. Property: estates in land and future interests 2. Contracts: liquidated damages 3. -
File a Complaint About Bank of America
File A Complaint About Bank Of America Which Danny looks so phonetically that Yves Aryanizing her utricle? Cosy Winny inclose flimsily. Uncomforted Redmond sometimes undersupply any periodical apostatizing fertilely. Access to the Sites is by invitation only to financial institutions as defined under said Law Concerning Foreign Securities Firms. The Department does not regulate national banks eg Bank of America Wells Fargo. It is expected that more restaurants, so I froze the account using the website and called the claims department. Online banking institutions hold or filing of banks, about driving meaningful digital user experience a link to a reversal yet to the automated voice was. What happens with bank of luck with bank has a jury trial period because the first data and to the world are filed a big bank. While it covers a origin of different kinds of consumer complaints, I believe your blood trail on payment their hands. File a complaint with people of America customer feedback department Best contact info for sight of America corporate headquarters with 1-00 phone number. Bank of America Elliott Advocacy. When I call and told the guy at Bank of America my story. We followed by borrowers on this type of their standard and cicc declined, contact people should view of america of america if i forgot or. Enter your last name, account information, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia. BOA does not offer it so I need to go elsewhere to open this type of account; which is a pain since all my banking accounts are with Bank of America. -
Antebellum Banking Regulation: a Comparative Approach
ANTEBELLUM BANKING REGULATION: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Alka Gandhi, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2003 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Richard H. Steckel, Advisor Professor Paul Evans ________________________ Advisor Professor J. Huston McCulloch Economics Graduate Program ABSTRACT Extensive historical and contemporary studies establish important links between financial systems and economic development. Despite the importance of this research area and the extent of prior efforts, numerous interesting questions remain about the consequences of alternative regulatory regimes for the health of the financial sector. As a dynamic period of economic and financial evolution, which was accompanied by diverse banking regulations across states, the antebellum era provides a valuable laboratory for study. This dissertation utilizes a rich data set of balance sheets from antebellum banks in four U.S. states, Massachusetts, Ohio, Louisiana and Tennessee, to examine the relative impacts of preventative banking regulation on bank performance. Conceptual models of financial regulation are used to identify the motivations behind each state’s regulation and how it changed over time. Next, a duration model is employed to model the odds of bank failure and to determine the impact that regulation had on the ability of a bank to remain in operation. Finally, the estimates from the duration model are used to perform a counterfactual that assesses the impact on the odds of bank failure when imposing one state’s regulation on another state, ceteris paribus. The results indicate that states did enact regulation that was superior to alternate contemporaneous banking regulation, with respect to the ability to maintain the banking system. -
Songs by Title
16,341 (11-2020) (Title-Artist) Songs by Title 16,341 (11-2020) (Title-Artist) Title Artist Title Artist (I Wanna Be) Your Adams, Bryan (Medley) Little Ole Cuddy, Shawn Underwear Wine Drinker Me & (Medley) 70's Estefan, Gloria Welcome Home & 'Moment' (Part 3) Walk Right Back (Medley) Abba 2017 De Toppers, The (Medley) Maggie May Stewart, Rod (Medley) Are You Jackson, Alan & Hot Legs & Da Ya Washed In The Blood Think I'm Sexy & I'll Fly Away (Medley) Pure Love De Toppers, The (Medley) Beatles Darin, Bobby (Medley) Queen (Part De Toppers, The (Live Remix) 2) (Medley) Bohemian Queen (Medley) Rhythm Is Estefan, Gloria & Rhapsody & Killer Gonna Get You & 1- Miami Sound Queen & The March 2-3 Machine Of The Black Queen (Medley) Rick Astley De Toppers, The (Live) (Medley) Secrets Mud (Medley) Burning Survivor That You Keep & Cat Heart & Eye Of The Crept In & Tiger Feet Tiger (Down 3 (Medley) Stand By Wynette, Tammy Semitones) Your Man & D-I-V-O- (Medley) Charley English, Michael R-C-E Pride (Medley) Stars Stars On 45 (Medley) Elton John De Toppers, The Sisters (Andrews (Medley) Full Monty (Duets) Williams, Sisters) Robbie & Tom Jones (Medley) Tainted Pussycat Dolls (Medley) Generation Dalida Love + Where Did 78 (French) Our Love Go (Medley) George De Toppers, The (Medley) Teddy Bear Richard, Cliff Michael, Wham (Live) & Too Much (Medley) Give Me Benson, George (Medley) Trini Lopez De Toppers, The The Night & Never (Live) Give Up On A Good (Medley) We Love De Toppers, The Thing The 90 S (Medley) Gold & Only Spandau Ballet (Medley) Y.M.C.A. -
The Big Five Banks Taking 5-Finger Discounts Causes and Cures
Running head: FREEDOM FROM FRAUDULENT FORECLOSURES 1 Too Big to Jail - The Big Five Banks Taking 5-Finger Discounts Causes and Cures – Freedom from Fraudulent Foreclosures Ann Marie Charnes University of Memphis Author Note This paper was prepared for UNIV4995 Senior Project, taught by L. Manning Garrett III, Ph.D. FREEDOM FROM FRAUDULENT FORECLOSURES 2 Too Big to Jail - The Big Five Banks Taking 5-Finger Discounts Causes and Cures – Freedom from Fraudulent Foreclosures. Abstract This report discloses findings in connection with research to determine the root cause of why there are so many citizens losing their homes to foreclosures by national banks and reveals possible cures for the problems discovered. The “root cause” means the main issue that must be addressed to cure the problem; however, as many gardeners are aware, to get to the “root,” one must dig. The United States of America’s legislative branch was once a beautiful garden; however, it has been invaded with weeds (politicians), which have been allowed to grow and choke out most of the beautiful flowers (statesmen). The research will show the result caused by the politicians in the mortgage market in the United States and will prove that not only have the weeds destroyed this part of the garden, but have allowed a violent creature (the Fox) to have total control over it. The research digs deep into the business of “securitization” and what it really means, or more importantly what it does not mean: it does not mean that anybody is watching over the Fox and what is actually being sold in this “market.” The research also looks into the laws of the United States, which provide the very foundation of our country and set up the beautiful gardens known as the legislative branch, the judicial branch, and the executive branch. -
Big Bank, Big Government, and Market-Based Economy
BIG BANK, BIG GOVERNMENT, AND MARKET-BASED ECONOMY Eric Tymoigne, Lewis & Clark College Minsky’s Summer School, Summer 2010 Market Economies before Big Government and Big Bank Market economies are highly volatiles Economic recessions: Severe Very Frequent Lengthy Financial crises: Highly destructive Banking and twin crises are frequent 10000 12500 13750 11250 11250 Sources: NBER,BEA, 1250 2500 3750 Billions5000 6250 of dollars7500 8750 Government andBigBank andAfterBig Before Economic Recessions 0 1900 1903 1906 1909 The American BusinessCycle The 1912 1915 1918 1921 1924 1927 1930 1933 U.S. BusinessCycle:1900-2010(Base:2005) 1936 1939 byR.J.Gordon(ed.). 1942 1945 1948 1951 1954 1957 1960 1963 1966 1969 (Rightaxis) Annualized growthrateofrealGNP (Leftaxis) Real GNP Contraction phase 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 -20% -15% -10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% Economic Recessions Before and After Big Government and Big Bank Financial Crises before and after Big Government and Big Bank Source: Bordo et al. (2001) Source: Bordo et al. (2001) Big Bank and Big Government: Stabilizing Market Economies Big Bank: Central banks acting as lender of last resort, payment-system unifier and banking regulator First created to help government finances and/or to establish a uniform monetary and payment system, then used as a means to manage gold -parity. Role as regulator/supervisor and lender of last resort emerges mainly during the 20th century Federal Reserve Act: “An Act To provide for the establishment of Federal -
Migos Cross the Country
Cross the Country Migos Young rich nigga, riding round the city with the mac Take a chopper, and a chicken, now what's the ticket Whipping and breaking it, making it, taking it Nigga they mistake me, think I'm selling that midget Nah for real What the fuck a nigga really wanna talk about? You a bitch, we ain't got nothing to talk about Shaking like a stripper, put that magic up in his mouth Skippa Da Flippa, he told me weigh it up, and bust it down Migo Jerz, whipping that lambo, now watch it swerve J-1 got PT's, and sold that reserved I'm a (Hot) Boy, so you know I gotta stay low Quavo told me, trap on the block and bang 'em like OJ Mayo You niggas are rookie but young Takeoff, I'm a vet Set! Told me trapping and dabbing gon' get that pussy wet No Crocodile Dundee, Stingray vet Whatever I wanna do, I do it, Nike check I'm a young nigga, with the rich nigga ambitions At the Migo show, a nigga autographing titties There's levels to this shit like Meek said And you embarrassed to admit it I don't want to kick it After my show The gangster-ist nigga, he looking suspicious Walk right up on him, I'm pressing my nigga And all he wanted was a picture I used to smoke swishers, like a regular nigga Now I'm a backwoods type of nigga A nigga, he run up, tried to rob, I shot him White people, they still treat me like I'm a victim Now people they screaming out "Free Activis" They talking bout that Activis be discontinued Kept my cup of muddy trouble, trapper, got packs in the attic Kept me 'round, with pricing my rental Trap, trap down when I'm on the revenue Cooking a brick, and remix it with the dog food Diamond brick with a note on it, nigga you Blues Clues 24 karat my time, Mr. -
Frederic S. Mishkin Graduate School of Business, Columbia University and National Bureau of Economic Research
FINANCIAL STABILITY AND GLOBALIZATION: GETTING IT RIGHT by Frederic S. Mishkin Graduate School of Business, Columbia University and National Bureau of Economic Research March 2006 To be presented at the Bank of Spain Conference, Central Banks in the 21st Century, June 8-9, 2006, Madrid. An earlier version of this paper was entitled “Getting Financial Globalization Right”. This paper draws heavily on material in chapters 8-12 of my forthcoming book, The Next Great Globalization: How Disadvantaged Nations Can Harness Their Financial Systems to Get Rich. I want to thank for their helpful comments, David Archer, Christian Broda, Jerry Caprio, Bill Easterly, Barry Eichengreen, Bob Flood, Ross Levine, Sergio Schmukler, Jane Tufts and participants in the World Bank Conference, Globalization and Financial Services in Emerging Market Countries. I also thank Emilia Simeonova for helpful research assistance. Any views expressed in this paper are those of the author only and not those of Columbia University or the National Bureau of Economic Research. Getting the financial system to work well is critical to the success of an economy and is a key element in economic development. The financial system is a coordinating mechanism that allocates capital to productive investment opportunities. If capital goes to the wrong uses or does not flow at all, the economy will operate inefficiently and economic growth will be very low. Financial globalization, the liberalization of the financial system to open it up to inflows of foreign capital, has several important benefits in emerging market economies. First, it lowers the cost of capital, thereby encouraging investment which promotes growth.