Mixed Antagonistic Effects of the Ginkgolides at Recombinant Human R1 GABAC Receptors
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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2017/0020892 A1 Thompson Et Al
US 20170020892A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2017/0020892 A1 Thompson et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jan. 26, 2017 (54) USE OF NEGATIVE MODULATORS OF Related U.S. Application Data GABA RECEPTORS CONTAINING ALPHAS SUBUNITS AS FAST ACTING (60) Provisional application No. 61/972,446, filed on Mar. ANTDEPRESSANTS 31, 2014. (71) Applicant: University of Maryland, Baltimore, Publication Classification Baltimore, MD (US) (51) Int. Cl. A 6LX 3/557 (2006.01) (72) Inventors: Scott Thompson, Baltimore, MD (US); A6II 3/53 (2006.01) Mark D. Kvarta, Ellicott City, MD A6II 45/06 (2006.01) (US); Adam Van Dyke, Baltimore, MD (52) U.S. Cl. (US) CPC ........... A61 K3I/55.17 (2013.01); A61K 45/06 (2013.01); A61 K3I/53 (2013.01) (73) Assignee: University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD (US) (57) ABSTRACT Embodiments of the disclosure include methods and com (21) Appl. No.: 15/300,984 positions related to treatment of one or more medical conditions with one or more negative modulators of GABA (22) PCT Filed: Mar. 31, 2015 receptors. In specific embodiments, depression and/or Sui cidability is treated or ameliorated or prevented with one or (86) PCT No.: PCT/US2O15/023667 more negative modulators of GABA receptors, such as a S 371 (c)(1), partial inverse agonist of a GABA receptor comprising an (2) Date: Sep. 30, 2016 alpha5 subunit. Patent Application Publication Jan. 26, 2017. Sheet 1 of 12 US 2017/002O892 A1 ×1/ /|\ Patent Application Publication Jan. 26, 2017. Sheet 3 of 12 US 2017/002O892 A1 & Patent Application Publication Jan. -
An Investigation Into Pro-Apoptotic Targets in Experimental Glaucoma and the Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba in Retinal Ganglion Cells
An investigation into pro-apoptotic targets in experimental glaucoma and the neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba in retinal ganglion cells Abeir Baltmr MB ChB, FRCS (Glasg) A thesis submitted to University College London for the degree of Doctor of Medicine (Research) 2012 Glaucoma and Retinal Neurodegeneration Research Group Visual Neuroscience Institute of Ophthalmology 1 Declaration I, Abeir Baltmr, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Abeir Baltmr 2 Abstract Ginkgo biloba has been advocated as a neuroprotective agent for several years in glaucoma. In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to identify known potential molecular targets of Ginkgo biloba related to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis in experimental glaucoma, including amyloid precursor protein (APP), Aß, cytochrome c, caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNF-R1). Furthermore, using apoptotic inducers related to mechanisms implicated in glaucoma, namely Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), ultraviolet C (UVC) and Sodium Azide (NaN3), the effects of the terpenoid fraction of Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgolide A, Ginkgolide B and Bilobalide) were investigated separately in cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5). Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and morphological analysis of DMSO treated RGC-5 was performed using Hoechst 33342 stain. Immunohistochemistry showed a strong inverse correlation between Aß and APP in ocular hypertension (OHT) animals, with APP and Aß accumulation peaking at 1 and 12 weeks after intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation respectively. Cytochrome c and TNF-R1 expression peaked at 3 weeks, and active caspase 3 activity at 12 weeks after IOP elevation. -
Ginkgolide B Increases Hydrogen Sulfide and Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats
4 DISEASE-RELATED CHANGES IN BLOOD VESSELS Croat Med J. 2015;56:4-13 doi: 10.3325/cmj.2015.56.4 Ginkgolide B increases Guo-Guang Wang1*, Qing- Ying Chen2*, Wei Li1, Xiao- hydrogen sulfide and protects Hua Lu1, Xue Zhao1 1Department of Pathophysiology, against endothelial dysfunction Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, in diabetic rats People’s Republic of China 2General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan, People’s Republic of China *Contributed equally to the study. Aim To evaluate the effect of ginkgolide B treatment on vascular endothelial function in diabetic rats. Methods The study included four groups with 15 male Sprague-Dawley rats: control group; control group treat- ed with ginkgolide B; diabetic group; and diabetic treat- ed with ginkgolide B. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde content, and nicotinamide ade- nine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits, and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) protein expression were determined in aortic tissues. Vasoconstriction to phe- nylephrine (PHE) and vasorelaxation to acetylcholine (Ach) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were assessed in aortic rings. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were measured, as well as cystathionine γ lyase (CSE) and cys- tathionine β synthetase (CBS) protein expression, and en- dothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. Results Diabetes significantly impaired PHE-induced va- soconstriction and Ach-induced vasorelaxation (P < 0.001), reduced NO bioavailability and H2S production (P < 0.001), SOD activity, and GPX1 protein expression (P < 0.001), and increased malondialdehyde content and NADPH oxidase subunits, and CSE and CBS protein expression (P < 0.001). Ginkgolide B treatment improved PHE vasoconstriction and Ach vasorelaxation (P < 0.001), restored SOD (P = 0.005) and eNOS (P < 0.001) activities, H2S production (P = 0.044) and decreased malondialdehyde content (P = 0.014). -
Treatment Protocol Copyright © 2018 Kostoff Et Al
Prevention and reversal of Alzheimer's disease: treatment protocol Copyright © 2018 Kostoff et al PREVENTION AND REVERSAL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: TREATMENT PROTOCOL by Ronald N. Kostoffa, Alan L. Porterb, Henry. A. Buchtelc (a) Research Affiliate, School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA (b) Professor Emeritus, School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA (c) Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, USA KEYWORDS Alzheimer's Disease; Dementia; Text Mining; Literature-Based Discovery; Information Technology; Treatments Prevention and reversal of Alzheimer's disease: treatment protocol Copyright © 2018 Kostoff et al CITATION TO MONOGRAPH Kostoff RN, Porter AL, Buchtel HA. Prevention and reversal of Alzheimer's disease: treatment protocol. Georgia Institute of Technology. 2018. PDF. https://smartech.gatech.edu/handle/1853/59311 COPYRIGHT AND CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSE COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2018 by Ronald N. Kostoff, Alan L. Porter, Henry A. Buchtel Printed in the United States of America; First Printing, 2018 CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSE This work can be copied and redistributed in any medium or format provided that credit is given to the original author. For more details on the CC BY license, see: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>. DISCLAIMERS The views in this monograph are solely those of the authors, and do not represent the views of the Georgia Institute of Technology or the University of Michigan. This monograph is not intended as a substitute for the medical advice of physicians. The reader should regularly consult a physician in matters relating to his/her health and particularly with respect to any symptoms that may require diagnosis or medical attention. -
Total Syntheses of Ginkgolide B
Total Syntheses of Ginkgolide B O HO O HO O H O t-Bu Me O HO O O H Brooks Maki May 23, 2005 Outline • What? – Background of Ginkgolides • Why? – Points of interest concerning Ginkgolide B • Who? (When?) – Corey’s racemic synthesis (1988) – Corey’s enantioselective synthesis (1988) – Crimmins’ racemic synthesis (2000) • How? – 2 total syntheses – 1 formal synthesis Isolation and Characterization • Ginkgolides A, B, C, and M were isolated from O HO O the root bark of Ginkgo biloba by Furukawa in R2 O H O 1932. t-Bu Me O R1 • Nakanishi and co-workers identified structures R3 of these diterpenes in 1967. O O H Ginkgolide A - R1 = OH, R2 = H, R3 = H Ginkgolide B - R1 = OH, R2 = OH, R3 = H • Also in 1967, Okabe and colleagues published Ginkgolide C - R1 = OH, R2 = OH, R3 = OH X-ray crystallography studies confirming Ginkgolide M - R1 = H, R2 = OH, R3 = OH structure and absolute stereochemistry of the Ginkgolide J - R1 = OH, R2 = H, R3 = OH ginkgolides. H O O O • Bilobalide (in 1971) and Ginkgolide J (in O O 1987) have been discovered as other members OH O t-Bu of the ginkgolide family. H OH Furukawa, S. Sci. Papers Inst. Phys. Chem. Res. Tokyo 1932, 19, 27. Bilobalide Nakanishi, K. Pure Appl. Chem. 1967, 14, 89-113. Sakabe, N.; Takada, S.; Okabe, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1967, 259-261 Ginkgo Biloba: The Source • Oldest fossil records from 270 million years ago • Basically unchanged since the Jurassic period. • Extracts known to have medicinal value for nearly 2500 years (China, Japan, and India) • Survived atomic blast at Hiroshima in 1945. -
Ligand-Gated Ion Channels' British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol
Edinburgh Research Explorer The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16 Citation for published version: Alexander, SP, Peters, JA, Kelly, E, Marrion, N, Benson, HE, Faccenda, E, Pawson, AJ, Sharman, JL, Southan, C, Davies, JA & CGTP Collaborators 2015, 'The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16: Ligand-gated ion channels' British Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 172, no. 24, pp. 5870-5903. DOI: 10.1111/bph.13350 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1111/bph.13350 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: British Journal of Pharmacology General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Apr. 2019 S.P.H. Alexander et al. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16: Ligand-gated ion channels. British Journal of Pharmacology (2015) 172, 5870–5903 THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16: Ligand-gated ion channels Stephen PH Alexander1, -
Beneficial Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Insulin Signaling Cascade, Dyslipidemia, and Body Adiposity of Diet-Induced Obese Rats
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (2014) 47(9): 780-788, http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20142983 ISSN 1414-431X Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on insulin signaling cascade, dyslipidemia, and body adiposity of diet-induced obese rats R.M. Banin1, B.K.S. Hirata1, I.S. Andrade2, J.C.S. Zemdegs2, A.P.G. Clemente4, A.P.S. Dornellas2, V.T. Boldarine2, D. Estadella3, K.T. Albuquerque5, L.M. Oyama2, E.B. Ribeiro2 and M.M. Telles1 1Departamento de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas, Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brasil 2Disciplina de Fisiologia da Nutric¸a˜o, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, SP, Brasil 3Departamento de Biocieˆncias, Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Paulo, Baixada Santista, SP, Brasil 4Faculdade de Nutric¸a˜o, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceio´, AL, Brasil 5Curso de Nutric¸a˜o, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macae´, RJ, Brasil Abstract Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) has been indicated as an efficient medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. It remains unclear if its effects are due to an improvement of the insulin signaling cascade, especially in obese subjects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GbE on insulin tolerance, food intake, body adiposity, lipid profile, fasting insulin, and muscle levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B), and protein kinase B (Akt), as well as Akt phosphorylation, in diet-induced obese rats. Rats were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal fat diet (NFD) for 8 weeks. -
A General Unknown Screening for Drugs and Toxic Compounds in Human Serum
A General Unknown Screening for Drugs and Toxic Compounds in Human Serum Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the University of Basel, Switzerland for the Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Ph. D. Degree by Stefan Sturm from Biel (BE) Basel, 2005 Accepted by the faculty of natural sciences On proposal of Prof. Dr. Hauser Prof. Dr. Eberle Prof. Dr. Drewe Dr. Scholer Basel, 20. September 2005 Prof. Dr. Wirz Dean Table of Content 1. List of Abbreviations ......................................................................................5 2. Summary.........................................................................................................7 3. Introduction.....................................................................................................9 3.1. GENERAL UNKNOWN SCREENING ............................................................................................. 9 3.2. CHOICE OF SPECIMEN .............................................................................................................. 10 3.3. EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES ...................................................................................................... 10 3.3.1. Liquid-Liquid Extraction .................................................................................................. 10 3.3.2. Solid-Phase Extraction...................................................................................................... 11 3.4. CHROMATOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................... -
Role of Glycine Receptors and Glycine Release for the Neuroprotective Activity of Bilobalide
BRAIN RESEARCH 1201 (2008) 143– 150 available at www.sciencedirect.com www.elsevier.com/locate/brainres Research Report Role of glycine receptors and glycine release for the neuroprotective activity of bilobalide Cornelia Kiewerta, Vikas Kumara, Oksana Hildmannb, Joachim Hartmanna, Markus Hillerta, Jochen Kleina,b,⁎ aDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 1300 Coulter Dr, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA bDepartment of Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Bilobalide, a constituent of Ginkgo biloba, has neuroprotective properties. Its mechanism of Accepted 15 January 2008 action is unknown but it was recently found to interact with neuronal transmission Available online 31 January 2008 mediated by glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine. The goal of this study was to test the interaction of bilobalide with glycine in assays of neuroprotection. In rat Keywords: hippocampal slices exposed to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), release of choline indicates Edema formation breakdown of membrane phospholipids. NMDA-induced choline release was almost Excitotoxicity completely blocked in the presence of bilobalide (10 µM). Glycine (10–100 µM) antagonized Glycine receptor the inhibitory action of bilobalide in this assay. In a second assay of excitotoxicity, we Ginkgo biloba measured tissue water content as an indicator of cytotoxic edema formation in hippocampal Ischemia slices which were exposed to NMDA. In this assay, edema formation was suppressed by Oxygen-glucose deprivation bilobalide but bilobalide's action was attenuated in the presence of glycine and of D-serine (100 µM each). -
Ion Channels
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20: Ion channels. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1442g5hg Journal British journal of pharmacology, 176 Suppl 1(S1) ISSN 0007-1188 Authors Alexander, Stephen PH Mathie, Alistair Peters, John A et al. Publication Date 2019-12-01 DOI 10.1111/bph.14749 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California S.P.H. Alexander et al. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20: Ion channels. British Journal of Pharmacology (2019) 176, S142–S228 THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20: Ion channels Stephen PH Alexander1 , Alistair Mathie2 ,JohnAPeters3 , Emma L Veale2 , Jörg Striessnig4 , Eamonn Kelly5, Jane F Armstrong6 , Elena Faccenda6 ,SimonDHarding6 ,AdamJPawson6 , Joanna L Sharman6 , Christopher Southan6 , Jamie A Davies6 and CGTP Collaborators 1School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK 2Medway School of Pharmacy, The Universities of Greenwich and Kent at Medway, Anson Building, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK 3Neuroscience Division, Medical Education Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK 4Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria 5School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK 6Centre for Discovery Brain Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK Abstract The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20 is the fourth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews of the key properties of nearly 1800 human drug targets with an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. -
Calcium-Engaged Mechanisms of Nongenomic Action of Neurosteroids
Calcium-engaged Mechanisms of Nongenomic Action of Neurosteroids The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Rebas, Elzbieta, Tomasz Radzik, Tomasz Boczek, and Ludmila Zylinska. 2017. “Calcium-engaged Mechanisms of Nongenomic Action of Neurosteroids.” Current Neuropharmacology 15 (8): 1174-1191. doi:10.2174/1570159X15666170329091935. http:// dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X15666170329091935. Published Version doi:10.2174/1570159X15666170329091935 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:37160234 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA 1174 Send Orders for Reprints to [email protected] Current Neuropharmacology, 2017, 15, 1174-1191 REVIEW ARTICLE ISSN: 1570-159X eISSN: 1875-6190 Impact Factor: 3.365 Calcium-engaged Mechanisms of Nongenomic Action of Neurosteroids BENTHAM SCIENCE Elzbieta Rebas1, Tomasz Radzik1, Tomasz Boczek1,2 and Ludmila Zylinska1,* 1Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; 2Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Abstract: Background: Neurosteroids form the unique group because of their dual mechanism of action. Classically, they bind to specific intracellular and/or nuclear receptors, and next modify genes transcription. Another mode of action is linked with the rapid effects induced at the plasma membrane level within seconds or milliseconds. The key molecules in neurotransmission are calcium ions, thereby we focus on the recent advances in understanding of complex signaling crosstalk between action of neurosteroids and calcium-engaged events. -
Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of the Human and Mouse Dorsal Root
Research Paper Comparative transcriptome profiling of the human and mouse dorsal root ganglia: an RNA-seq–based resource for pain and sensory neuroscience research a,b a a a a a 07/20/2018 on BhDMf5ePHKav1zEoum1tQfN4a+kJLhEZgbsIHo4XMi0hCywCX1AWnYQp/IlQrHD3mH5nK33R3Qh4f27oe7zFUUf7ZAUK5aCsyqAeT54jiDxP7ZjumT3TrA== by https://journals.lww.com/pain from Downloaded Pradipta Ray , Andrew Torck , Lilyana Quigley , Andi Wangzhou , Matthew Neiman , Chandranshu Rao , Downloaded Tiffany Lama, Ji-Young Kima, Tae Hoon Kimb, Michael Q. Zhangb, Gregory Dussora, Theodore J. Pricea,* from https://journals.lww.com/pain Abstract Molecular neurobiological insight into human nervous tissues is needed to generate next-generation therapeutics for neurological disorders such as chronic pain. We obtained human dorsal root ganglia (hDRG) samples from organ donors and performed RNA- sequencing (RNA-seq) to study the hDRG transcriptional landscape, systematically comparing it with publicly available data from by BhDMf5ePHKav1zEoum1tQfN4a+kJLhEZgbsIHo4XMi0hCywCX1AWnYQp/IlQrHD3mH5nK33R3Qh4f27oe7zFUUf7ZAUK5aCsyqAeT54jiDxP7ZjumT3TrA== a variety of human and orthologous mouse tissues, including mouse DRG (mDRG). We characterized the hDRG transcriptional profile in terms of tissue-restricted gene coexpression patterns and putative transcriptional regulators, and formulated an information-theoretic framework to quantify DRG enrichment. Relevant gene families and pathways were also analyzed, including transcription factors, G-protein-coupled receptors, and ion channels. Our analyses reveal an hDRG-enriched protein-coding gene set (;140), some of which have not been described in the context of DRG or pain signaling. Most of these show conserved enrichment in mDRG and were mined for known drug–gene product interactions. Conserved enrichment of the vast majority of transcription factors suggests that the mDRG is a faithful model system for studying hDRG, because of evolutionarily conserved regulatory programs.