Astronomers Need Your Help!
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Eine Welt Allein Ist Nicht Genug“ Großbritannien, Hannover Und Göttingen 1714 – 1837
1 Göttinger Bibliotheksschriften 31 2 3 „Eine Welt allein ist nicht genug“ Großbritannien, Hannover und Göttingen 1714 – 1837 Herausgegeben von Elmar Mittler Katalogredaktion: Silke Glitsch und Ivonne Rohmann Göttingen 2005 4 Ausstellung in der Paulinerkirche Göttingen 20. März–20. Mai 2005 Unterstützt von: © Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen 2005 Redaktionelle Assistenz: Meike Holodiuk • Anica Rose Umschlag: Ronald Schmidt • Satz: Michael Kakuschke • Jürgen Kader Digital Imaging: Martin Liebetruth • Einband: Burghard Teuteberg ISBN 3-930457-75-X ISSN 0943-951X 5 Zum Geleit Elmar Mittler .............................................................................................. 9 Von der Manufakturstadt zum „Leine-Athen“. Göttingen, 1714–1837 Hermann Wellenreuther ........................................................................... 11 Exponate A .............................................................................................. 29 Personalunion mit England und Mitglied im Reich: Von Kurhannover zum Königreich Hannover, 1690–1837 Hermann Wellenreuther ........................................................................... 32 Exponate B .............................................................................................. 49 Britische Bilder und Vorstellungen von Deutschland im 18. Jahrhundert Frauke Geyken ......................................................................................... 52 Exponate C ............................................................................................. -
Sky Notes - April 2012
North Devon Astronomical Society www.northdevonastronomy.co.uk Sky Notes - April 2012 THE MOON New Moon 21s t April First Quarter 29th April Full Moon 6th April Last Quarter 13th April THE PLANETS Mercury A morning object, Mercury is visible before sunrise by the middle of the month. The planet will reach greatest western elongation on the 18th, when it will be around 27 degrees from the Sun. Venus Now moving closer to the Sun once again following greatest elongation last month, but blazing away at magnitude -4.4, Venus still dominates the western evening sky. In the eyepiece, the planet presents a 25 arcsecond disc which is just under half illuminated. Mars Following last month’s opposition, The Red Planet remains fairly close to the bright star Regulus, in the constellation Leo. Though the apparent diameter of the planet will shrink slightly throughout the month, Mars remains worthy of observation and is visible for most of the night. Jupiter Though still visible low in the west after sunset, Jupiter will soon become lost in the evening twilight. Saturn R eaching opposition on the 15th, Saturn is observable all night in the constellation Virgo, close to the first magnitude star Spica, (Alpha Virginis). A magnificent object, Saturn’s rings and it’s largest satellite Titan are readily apparent in small telescopes, while larger instruments will show atmospheric bands and some of the smaller moons. Uranus Ur anus is too close to the Sun to be observable this month. Neptune A morning object, Neptune can be found among the stars of the constellation Aquarius. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses First visibility of the lunar crescent and other problems in historical astronomy. Fatoohi, Louay J. How to cite: Fatoohi, Louay J. (1998) First visibility of the lunar crescent and other problems in historical astronomy., Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/996/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk me91 In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful >° 9 43'' 0' eji e' e e> igo4 U61 J CO J: lic 6..ý v Lo ý , ý.,, "ý J ýs ýºý. ur ý,r11 Lýi is' ý9r ZU LZJE rju No disaster can befall on the earth or in your souls but it is in a book before We bring it into being; that is easy for Allah. In order that you may not grieve for what has escaped you, nor be exultant at what He has given you; and Allah does not love any prideful boaster. -
The Very Long Mystery of Epsilon Aurigae
A Unique Eclipsing Variable TheThe VeryVery LongLong MMysteryystery ofof EpsilonEpsilon AAurigaeurigae robertrobert e. sstenceltencel one of the great scientifi c advances of the 20th A remarkable naked-eye star century was the theory of stellar evolution, as physicists worked out not just how stars shine, but how they origi- will soon start dimming for nate, live, change, and die. To test theory against reality, however, astronomers had to determine accurate masses the eighth time since 1821. for many diff erent kinds of stars — and this meant analyz- What’s going on is still ing the motions of binary pairs. Theorists also needed the stars’ exact diameters, and this meant analyzing the light not exactly clear. curves of eclipsing binaries in particular. A century ago, S&T ILLUSTRATION BY CASEY REED giants of early astrophysics worked intensely on the prob- lem of eclipsing-binary analysis. Henry Norris Russell’s paper “On the Determination of the Orbital Elements of Eclipsing Variable Stars,” published in 1912, set the stage for what followed. BIG WHITE STAR, BIGGER BLACK PARTNER Epsilon Aurigae, hotter than the Sun and larger than Earth’s entire orbit, pours forth some 130,000 times the Sun’s light — which is why it shines as brightly as 3rd magnitude even from 2,000 light-years away. According to the currently favored model, a long, dark object will start sliding across its middle this summer. The object seems to be an opaque warped disk 10 a.u. wide and appearing roughly 1 a.u. tall. Whatever lies at its center seems to be hidden — though there’s also evidence that we see right through the center. -
Plotting Variable Stars on the H-R Diagram Activity
Pulsating Variable Stars and the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram The Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) Diagram: The H-R diagram is an important astronomical tool for understanding how stars evolve over time. Stellar evolution can not be studied by observing individual stars as most changes occur over millions and billions of years. Astrophysicists observe numerous stars at various stages in their evolutionary history to determine their changing properties and probable evolutionary tracks across the H-R diagram. The H-R diagram is a scatter graph of stars. When the absolute magnitude (MV) – intrinsic brightness – of stars is plotted against their surface temperature (stellar classification) the stars are not randomly distributed on the graph but are mostly restricted to a few well-defined regions. The stars within the same regions share a common set of characteristics. As the physical characteristics of a star change over its evolutionary history, its position on the H-R diagram The H-R Diagram changes also – so the H-R diagram can also be thought of as a graphical plot of stellar evolution. From the location of a star on the diagram, its luminosity, spectral type, color, temperature, mass, age, chemical composition and evolutionary history are known. Most stars are classified by surface temperature (spectral type) from hottest to coolest as follows: O B A F G K M. These categories are further subdivided into subclasses from hottest (0) to coolest (9). The hottest B stars are B0 and the coolest are B9, followed by spectral type A0. Each major spectral classification is characterized by its own unique spectra. -
Tímaákvarðanir Á Myrkvum Valinna Myrkvatvístirna Og Þvergöngum Fjarreikistjarna, Árin 2017-2018, Og Fjarlægðamælingar
Tímaákvarðanir á myrkvum valinna myrkvatvístirna, þvergöngum fjarreikistjarna og fjarlægðamælingar, árin 2017—2018 Snævarr Guðmundsson 2019 Náttúrustofa Suðausturlands Litlubrú 2, 780 Höfn í Hornafirði Nýheimar, Litlubrú 2 780 Höfn Í Hornafirði www.nattsa.is Skýrsla nr. Dagsetning Dreifing NattSA 2019-04 10. apríl 2019 Opin Fjöldi síðna 109 Tímaákvarðanir á myrkvum valinna myrkvatvístirna, Fjöldi mynda 229 þvergöngum fjarreikistjarna og fjarlægðamælingar, árin 2017- 2018. Verknúmer 1280 Höfundur: Snævarr Guðmundsson Verkefnið var styrkt af Prófarkarlestur Þorsteinn Sæmundsson, Kristín Hermannsdóttir og Lilja Jóhannesdóttir Útdráttur Hér er gert grein fyrir stjörnuathugunum á Hornafirði á árabilinu 2017 til loka árs 2018. Í flestum tilfellum voru viðfangsefnin óeiginlegar breytistjörnur, aðallega myrkvatvístirni, en einnig var fylgst með nokkrum fjarreikistjörnum. Í mælingum á myrkvatvístirnum og fjarreikistjörnum er markmiðið að tímasetja myrkva og þvergöngur. Einnig er sagt frá niðurstöðum á nándarstjörnunni Ross 248 og athugunum á lausþyrpingunni NGC 7790 og breytistjörnum í nágrenni hennar. Markmið mælinga á nándarstjörnu og lausþyrpingum er að meta fjarlægðir eða aðra eiginleika fyrirbæranna. Að lokum eru kynntar athuganir á litrófi nokkurra bjartra stjarna. Í samantektinni er sagt frá hverju viðfangsefni í sérköflum. Þessi samantekt er sú þriðja um stjörnuathuganir sem er gefin út af Náttúrustofu Suðausturlands. Niðurstöður hafa verið sendar í alþjóðlegan gagnagrunn þar sem þær, ásamt fjölda sambærilegra mæligagna frá stjörnuáhugamönnum, eru aðgengilegar stjarnvísindasamfélaginu. Hægt er að sækja skýrslur um stjörnuathuganir á vefslóðina: http://nattsa.is/utgefid-efni/. Lykilorð: myrkvatvístirni, fjarreikistjörnur, breytistjörnur, lausþyrpingar, ljósmælingar, fjarlægðir stjarna, litróf stjarna. ii Tímaákvarðanir á myrkvum valinna myrkvatvístirna, þvergöngum fjarreikistjarna og fjarlægðamælingar, árin 2017-2018. — Annáll 2017-2018. Timings of selected eclipsing binaries, exoplanet transits and distance measurements in 2017- 2018. -
Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory a Autumn Observing Notes
Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory A Autumn Observing Notes Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory PUBLIC OBSERVING – Autumn Tour of the Sky with the Naked Eye CASSIOPEIA Look for the ‘W’ 4 shape 3 Polaris URSA MINOR Notice how the constellations swing around Polaris during the night Pherkad Kochab Is Kochab orange compared 2 to Polaris? Pointers Is Dubhe Dubhe yellowish compared to Merak? 1 Merak THE PLOUGH Figure 1: Sketch of the northern sky in autumn. © Rob Peeling, CaDAS, 2007 version 1.2 Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory PUBLIC OBSERVING – Autumn North 1. On leaving the planetarium, turn around and look northwards over the roof of the building. Close to the horizon is a group of stars like the outline of a saucepan with the handle stretching to your left. This is the Plough (also called the Big Dipper) and is part of the constellation Ursa Major, the Great Bear. The two right-hand stars are called the Pointers. Can you tell that the higher of the two, Dubhe is slightly yellowish compared to the lower, Merak? Check with binoculars. Not all stars are white. The colour shows that Dubhe is cooler than Merak in the same way that red-hot is cooler than white- hot. 2. Use the Pointers to guide you upwards to the next bright star. This is Polaris, the Pole (or North) Star. Note that it is not the brightest star in the sky, a common misconception. Below and to the left are two prominent but fainter stars. These are Kochab and Pherkad, the Guardians of the Pole. Look carefully and you will notice that Kochab is slightly orange when compared to Polaris. -
Variable Star Classification and Light Curves Manual
Variable Star Classification and Light Curves An AAVSO course for the Carolyn Hurless Online Institute for Continuing Education in Astronomy (CHOICE) This is copyrighted material meant only for official enrollees in this online course. Do not share this document with others. Please do not quote from it without prior permission from the AAVSO. Table of Contents Course Description and Requirements for Completion Chapter One- 1. Introduction . What are variable stars? . The first known variable stars 2. Variable Star Names . Constellation names . Greek letters (Bayer letters) . GCVS naming scheme . Other naming conventions . Naming variable star types 3. The Main Types of variability Extrinsic . Eclipsing . Rotating . Microlensing Intrinsic . Pulsating . Eruptive . Cataclysmic . X-Ray 4. The Variability Tree Chapter Two- 1. Rotating Variables . The Sun . BY Dra stars . RS CVn stars . Rotating ellipsoidal variables 2. Eclipsing Variables . EA . EB . EW . EP . Roche Lobes 1 Chapter Three- 1. Pulsating Variables . Classical Cepheids . Type II Cepheids . RV Tau stars . Delta Sct stars . RR Lyr stars . Miras . Semi-regular stars 2. Eruptive Variables . Young Stellar Objects . T Tau stars . FUOrs . EXOrs . UXOrs . UV Cet stars . Gamma Cas stars . S Dor stars . R CrB stars Chapter Four- 1. Cataclysmic Variables . Dwarf Novae . Novae . Recurrent Novae . Magnetic CVs . Symbiotic Variables . Supernovae 2. Other Variables . Gamma-Ray Bursters . Active Galactic Nuclei 2 Course Description and Requirements for Completion This course is an overview of the types of variable stars most commonly observed by AAVSO observers. We discuss the physical processes behind what makes each type variable and how this is demonstrated in their light curves. Variable star names and nomenclature are placed in a historical context to aid in understanding today’s classification scheme. -
121012-AAS-221 Program-14-ALL, Page 253 @ Preflight
221ST MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 6-10 January 2013 LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA Scientific sessions will be held at the: Long Beach Convention Center 300 E. Ocean Blvd. COUNCIL.......................... 2 Long Beach, CA 90802 AAS Paper Sorters EXHIBITORS..................... 4 Aubra Anthony ATTENDEE Alan Boss SERVICES.......................... 9 Blaise Canzian Joanna Corby SCHEDULE.....................12 Rupert Croft Shantanu Desai SATURDAY.....................28 Rick Fienberg Bernhard Fleck SUNDAY..........................30 Erika Grundstrom Nimish P. Hathi MONDAY........................37 Ann Hornschemeier Suzanne H. Jacoby TUESDAY........................98 Bethany Johns Sebastien Lepine WEDNESDAY.............. 158 Katharina Lodders Kevin Marvel THURSDAY.................. 213 Karen Masters Bryan Miller AUTHOR INDEX ........ 245 Nancy Morrison Judit Ries Michael Rutkowski Allyn Smith Joe Tenn Session Numbering Key 100’s Monday 200’s Tuesday 300’s Wednesday 400’s Thursday Sessions are numbered in the Program Book by day and time. Changes after 27 November 2012 are included only in the online program materials. 1 AAS Officers & Councilors Officers Councilors President (2012-2014) (2009-2012) David J. Helfand Quest Univ. Canada Edward F. Guinan Villanova Univ. [email protected] [email protected] PAST President (2012-2013) Patricia Knezek NOAO/WIYN Observatory Debra Elmegreen Vassar College [email protected] [email protected] Robert Mathieu Univ. of Wisconsin Vice President (2009-2015) [email protected] Paula Szkody University of Washington [email protected] (2011-2014) Bruce Balick Univ. of Washington Vice-President (2010-2013) [email protected] Nicholas B. Suntzeff Texas A&M Univ. suntzeff@aas.org Eileen D. Friel Boston Univ. [email protected] Vice President (2011-2014) Edward B. Churchwell Univ. of Wisconsin Angela Speck Univ. of Missouri [email protected] [email protected] Treasurer (2011-2014) (2012-2015) Hervey (Peter) Stockman STScI Nancy S. -
134, December 2007
British Astronomical Association VARIABLE STAR SECTION CIRCULAR No 134, December 2007 Contents AB Andromedae Primary Minima ......................................... inside front cover From the Director ............................................................................................. 1 Recurrent Objects Programme and Long Term Polar Programme News............4 Eclipsing Binary News ..................................................................................... 5 Chart News ...................................................................................................... 7 CE Lyncis ......................................................................................................... 9 New Chart for CE and SV Lyncis ........................................................ 10 SV Lyncis Light Curves 1971-2007 ............................................................... 11 An Introduction to Measuring Variable Stars using a CCD Camera..............13 Cataclysmic Variables-Some Recent Experiences ........................................... 16 The UK Virtual Observatory ......................................................................... 18 A New Infrared Variable in Scutum ................................................................ 22 The Life and Times of Charles Frederick Butterworth, FRAS........................24 A Hard Day’s Night: Day-to-Day Photometry of Vega and Beta Lyrae.........28 Delta Cephei, 2007 ......................................................................................... 33 -
Alternate Constellation Guide
ARKANSAS NATURAL SKY ASSOCIATION LEARNING THE CONSTELLATIONS (Library Telescope Manual included) By Robert Togni Cover Image courtesy of Wikimedia. Do not write in this book, and return with scope to library. A personal copy of this guide can be obtained online at www.darkskyarkansas.com Preface This publication was inspired by and built upon Robert (Rocky) Togni’s quest to share the night sky with all who can be enticed under it. His belief is that the best place to start a relationship with the night sky is to learn the constellations and explore the principle ob- jects within them with the naked eye and a pair of common binoculars. Over a period of years, Rocky evolved a concept, using seasonal asterisms like the Summer Triangle and the Winter Hexagon, to create an easy to use set of simple charts to make learning one’s way around the night sky as simple and fun as possible. Recognizing that the most avid defenders of the natural night time environment are those who have grown to know and love nature at night and exploring the universe that it re- veals, the Arkansas Natural Sky Association (ANSA) asked Rocky if the Association could publish his guide. The hope being that making this available in printed form at vari- ous star parties and other relevant venues would help bring more people to the night sky as well as provide funds for the Association’s work. Once hooked, the owner will definitely want to seek deeper guides. But there is no better publication for opening the sky for the neophyte observer, making the guide the perfect companion for a library telescope. -
Stars and Their Spectra: an Introduction to the Spectral Sequence Second Edition James B
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89954-3 - Stars and Their Spectra: An Introduction to the Spectral Sequence Second Edition James B. Kaler Index More information Star index Stars are arranged by the Latin genitive of their constellation of residence, with other star names interspersed alphabetically. Within a constellation, Bayer Greek letters are given first, followed by Roman letters, Flamsteed numbers, variable stars arranged in traditional order (see Section 1.11), and then other names that take on genitive form. Stellar spectra are indicated by an asterisk. The best-known proper names have priority over their Greek-letter names. Spectra of the Sun and of nebulae are included as well. Abell 21 nucleus, see a Aurigae, see Capella Abell 78 nucleus, 327* ε Aurigae, 178, 186 Achernar, 9, 243, 264, 274 z Aurigae, 177, 186 Acrux, see Alpha Crucis Z Aurigae, 186, 269* Adhara, see Epsilon Canis Majoris AB Aurigae, 255 Albireo, 26 Alcor, 26, 177, 241, 243, 272* Barnard’s Star, 129–130, 131 Aldebaran, 9, 27, 80*, 163, 165 Betelgeuse, 2, 9, 16, 18, 20, 73, 74*, 79, Algol, 20, 26, 176–177, 271*, 333, 366 80*, 88, 104–105, 106*, 110*, 113, Altair, 9, 236, 241, 250 115, 118, 122, 187, 216, 264 a Andromedae, 273, 273* image of, 114 b Andromedae, 164 BDþ284211, 285* g Andromedae, 26 Bl 253* u Andromedae A, 218* a Boo¨tis, see Arcturus u Andromedae B, 109* g Boo¨tis, 243 Z Andromedae, 337 Z Boo¨tis, 185 Antares, 10, 73, 104–105, 113, 115, 118, l Boo¨tis, 254, 280, 314 122, 174* s Boo¨tis, 218* 53 Aquarii A, 195 53 Aquarii B, 195 T Camelopardalis,