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Electronic Access Retrieve the journal electronically on the World Wide Web (WWW) at http://www.cdc.gov/eid or from the CDC home page (http://www.cdc.gov). Announcements of new table of contents can be automatically emailed to you. To subscribe, send an email to [email protected] with the following in the body of your message: subscribe EID-TOC. Editors Editorial Board D. Peter Drotman, Editor-in-Chief Atlanta, Georgia, USA Dennis Alexander, Addlestone Surrey, United Kingdom Fred A. Murphy, Davis, California, USA David Bell, Associate Editor Ban Allos, Nashville, Tennessee, USA Barbara E. Murray, Houston, Texas, USA Atlanta, Georgia, USA Michael Apicella, Iowa City, Iowa, USA P. Keith Murray, Ames, Iowa, USA Patrice Courvalin, Associate Editor Ben Beard, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Stephen Ostroff, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Paris, France Barry J. Beaty, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Rosanna W. Peeling, Geneva, Switzerland Stephanie James, Associate Editor Martin J. Blaser, New York, New York, USA David H. Persing, Seattle, Washington, USA Bethesda, Maryland, USA David Brandling-Bennet, Washington, D.C., USA Gianfranco Pezzino, Topeka, Kansas, USA Brian W.J. Mahy, Associate Editor Donald S. Burke, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Richard Platt, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Atlanta, Georgia, USA Charles H. Calisher, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Didier Raoult, Marseille, France Martin I. Meltzer, Associate Editor Arturo Casadevall, New York, New York, USA Leslie Real, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Atlanta, Georgia, USA Thomas Cleary, Houston, Texas, USA David Relman, Palo Alto, California, USA David Morens, Associate Editor Anne DeGroot, Providence, Rhode Island, USA Pierre Rollin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Washington, DC, USA Vincent Deubel, Providence, Rhode Island, USA Nancy Rosenstein, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Tanja Popovic, Associate Editor Ed Eitzen, Washington, D.C., USA Connie Schmaljohn, Frederick, Maryland, USA Atlanta, Georgia, USA Duane J. Gubler, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Tom Schwan, Hamilton, Montana, USA Patricia M. Quinlisk, Associate Editor Scott Halstead, Arlington, Virginia, USA Ira Schwartz, Valhalla, New York, USA Des Moines, Iowa, USA David L. Heymann, Geneva, Switzerland Tom Shinnick, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Gabriel Rabinovich, Associate Editor Sakae Inouye, Tokyo, Japan Robert Shope, Galveston, Texas, USA Buenos Aires, Argentina Charles King, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Bonnie Smoak, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Mario Raviglione, Associate Editor Keith Klugman, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Rosemary Soave, New York, New York, USA Geneva, Switzerland Takeshi Kurata, Tokyo, Japan P. Frederick Sparling, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Polyxeni Potter, Managing Editor S.K. Lam, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Jan Svoboda, Prague, Czech Republic Atlanta, Georgia, USA Bruce R. Levin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Bala Swaminathan, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Joseph E. McDade, Founding Editor Myron Levine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Robert Swanepoel, Johannesburg, South Africa Rome, Georgia, USA Stuart Levy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Phillip Tarr, Seattle, Washington, USA John S. MacKenzie, Brisbane, Australia Timothy Tucker, Cape Town, South Africa Production Editors Tom Marrie, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Elaine Tuomanen, Memphis, Tennessee, USA Mary Anne Castranio Anne D. Mather John E. McGowan, Jr., Atlanta, Georgia, USA David Walker, Galveston, Texas, USA Carolyn P. Collins Carol D. Snarey Stephen S. Morse, New York, New York, USA Mary E. Wilson, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Teresa M. Hood Reginald S. Tucker Philip P. Mortimer, London, United Kingdom Ann Kitchen Cathy E. Young Emerging Infectious Diseases Prevention or the institutions with which the ∞ Emerging Infectious Diseases is printed on authors are affiliated. Emerging Infectious Diseases is published acid-free paper that meets the requirements monthly by the National Center for Infectious of ANSI/NISO 239.48-1992 (Permanence of All material published in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Paper) Diseases is in the public domain and may be Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop used and reprinted without special permission; D61, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. Telephone proper citation, however, is required. 404-371-5329, fax 404-371-5449, email Manuscript Submission [email protected]. Use of trade names is for identification only All manuscripts should be submitted and does not imply endorsement by the Public online. Access Manuscript Central from the The opinions expressed by authors contribut- Health Service or by the U.S. Department of ing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the Emerging Infectious Diseases Web site Health and Human Services. opinions of the Centers for Disease Control and (www.cdc.gov/eid). Full text free online at www.cdc.gov/eid The print journal is available at no charge to public health professionals YES, I would like to receive Emerging Infectious Diseases. Please print your name and business address in the box and return by fax to 404-371-5449 or mail to EID Editor CDC/NCID/MS D61 1600 Clifton Road, NE Atlanta, GA 30333 Moving? Please give us your new address (in the box) and print the number of your old mailing label here_________________________________________ A Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends Vol.9, No.6, June 2003 On the Cover: Pablo Picasso (1881–1973). Guernica (1937). Oil on canvas, 350 cm x 782 cm Copyright ARS, NY. Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain. Photo by John Bigelow Taylor/ Art Resource, NY About the Cover, pg. 760 Policy Review Clinical Implications of Varying Degrees of Vancomycin Susceptibility in Methicillin-Resistant An Ounce of Prevention Is a Ton Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia . .657 of Work: Mass Antibiotic Prophylaxis M.J. Schwaber et al. for Anthrax, New York City, 2001 . .615 S. Blank et al. Serogroup W-135 Meningococcal Disease during the Hajj, 2000 . .665 Synopsis J.R. Lingappa et al. Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis Spores . .623 Molecular Subtyping To Detect E.A.S. Whitney et al. Human Listeriosis Clusters . .672 B.D. Sauders et al. Research Bioterrorism-related Inhalational Anthrax Children with Respiratory Disease Associated in an Elderly Woman, Connecticut, 2001 . .681 with Metapneumovirus in Hong Kong . .628 K.S. Griffith et al. J.S.M. Peiris et al. Isolated Case of Bioterrorism-related Human Metapneumovirus Infections Inhalational Anthrax, New York City, 2001 . .689 in Hospitalized Children . .634 T.H. Holtz et al. G. Boivin et al. Relapsing Fever–Like Spirochetes Dead Bird Clusters as an Early Warning Infecting European Vector Tick of System for West Nile Virus Activity . .641 Lyme Disease Agent . .697 F. Mostashari et al. D. Richter et al. Gnathostomiasis: An Emerging Leptospirosis in “Eco-Challenge” Athletes, Imported Disease . .647 Malaysian Borneo, 2000 . .702 D.A.J. Moore et al. J. Sejvar et al. Histopathologic Features of All material published in Emerging Infectious Diseases is in the public Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection . .651 domain and may be used and reprinted without special permission; proper J. Guarner et al. citation, however, is appreciated. A Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends Vol.9, No.6, June 2003 Community Reaction to Bioterrorism: Tick-Borne Encephalitis with Hemorrhagic Prospective Study of Simulated Outbreak . .708 Syndrome, Novosibirsk Region, Russia, 1999 . .743 C. DiGiovanni Jr. et al. V.A. Ternovoi et al. Dispatches Poor Potential Coverage for 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, Malawi . .747 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) S.B. Gordon et al. in Singapore: Clinical Features of Index Patient and Initial Contacts . .713 Letters L.-Y. Hsu et al. Imported West Nile Virus Infection in Europe . .750 Control Measures for Severe Acute P.E. Charles et al. Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan . .718 S.-J. Twu et al. Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection among French Troops in Chad . .751 Human Rabies: A Reemerging J.P. Durand et al. Disease in Costa Rica? . .721 X. Badilla et al. Corynebacterium ulcerans Diphtheria in Japan . .752 Accidental Infection of Laboratory A. Hatanaka et al. Worker with Vaccinia Virus . .724 N. Moussatché et al. Salmonella in Birds Migrating through Sweden . .753 J. Hernandez et al. Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Kabul, Afghanistan . .727 Parachlamydiaceae as Rare R. Reithinger et al. Agents of Pneumonia . .755 G. Greub et al. Fluoroquinolone Use and Clostridium difficile–associated Diarrhea . .730 Hantaviruses in the Czech Republic . .756 M.E. McCusker et al. M. Pejcoch and B. Kriz Absence of Neisseria meningitidis W135 Antibiotics and Airline Emergency Medical Kits . .757 Electrophoretic Type 37 during the Hajj, 2002 . .734 B. Bar-Oz and B. Loughran A. Wilder-Smith et al. News & Notes Laboratory Surveillance of Dengue in Argentina, 1995–2001 . .738 About the Cover . .760 G. Avilés et al. P. Potter Electronic Access Manuscript Submission Retrieve the journal electronically on the World Wide Web (WWW) at http://www.cdc.gov/eid or from the CDC home page (http://www.cdc.gov). All manuscripts should be submitted online. Access Manuscript Central Announcements of new table of contents can be automatically emailed to from the Emerging Infectious Diseases Web site (www.cdc.gov/eid). you. To subscribe, send an email to [email protected] with the following in the body of your message: subscribe EID-TOC. POLICY REVIEW An Ounce of Prevention Is a Ton of Work: Mass Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Anthrax, New York City, 2001 Susan Blank,*† Linda C. Moskin,† and Jane R. Zucker*†1 Protocols for mass antibiotic

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