DOCSLIB.ORG

Food Security and Climate Change in Dry Areas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Food Security and Climate Change in Dry Areas FOOD SECURITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN DRY AREAS Proceedings of an International Conference 1-4 February 2010, Amman, Jordan Editors Mahmoud Solh and Mohan C. Saxena International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Copyright © 2011 International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) All rights reserved. ICARDA encourages fair use of this material for non-commercial purposes, with proper citation. The opinions expressed are those of the authors, not necessarily those of ICARDA. Maps are used to illus- trate research data, not to show national or administrative boundaries. Where trade names are used, it does not imply endorsement of, or discrimination against, any product by ICARDA. Citation: Solh, M. and Saxena, M.C. (eds) 2011. Food security and climate change in dry areas: proceedings of an International Conference, 1-4 February 2010, Amman, Jordan. PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). viii + 369 pp. ISBN 92-9127-248-5 International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria Tel: +963 21 2213433, 2213477 Website www.icarda.org iii Contents I. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 II. Plenary Presentations .............................................................................................................. 3 Ensuring food security in a changing climate: How can science and technology help? Mahmoud Solh .................................................................................................................................... 5 Changes in extreme climate events and their management in India Jagir S. Samra ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Impacts of climate change on food security and livelihoods Mark W. Rosegrant ................................................................................................................................ 24 Adapting to climate change: the importance of ex situ conservation of crop genetic diversity Luigi Guarino, Colin Khoury and Cary Fowler ................................................................................... 27 Faba bean and its importance for food security in the developing world José Ignacio Cubero Salmerón, Carmen Ávila and Ana Torres ......................................................... 35 Policy approaches for coping with climate change in the dry areas Peter Hazell .......................................................................................................................................... 42 Rethinking agricultural development of drylands: Challenges of climatic changes Awni Taimeh ......................................................................................................................................... 52 The Green Morocco Plan in relation to food security and climate change Mohamed Badraoui and Rachid Dahan ............................................................................................... 61 Addressing climate change and food security concerns in the Asia-Pacific region Raj Paroda ........................................................................................................................................... 71 III. Concurrent Session Presentations ....................................................................................... 77 Theme 1: Current status of climate change in the dry areas: simulations and scenarios available Analysis of Jordan vegetation cover dynamics using MODIS/NDVI from 2000 to 2009 Muna Saba, Ghada Al-Naber and Yasser Mohawesh .......................................................................... 79 Application of IHACRES rainfall-runoff model in semi arid areas of Jordan Eyad Abushandi and Broder Merkel .................................................................................................... 91 Generating a high-resolution climate raster dataset for climate change impact assessment in Central Asia and North West China Francois Delobel, Eddie De-Pauw and Wolfgang Göbel .................................................................... 98 iv Trend analysis for rainfall and temperatures at three locations in Jordan Yahya Shakhatreh ............................................................................................................................. 111 Monitoring vegetation characteristics and dynamics as a response to climatic variability in the Eastern Mediterranean regions of Jordan using long-term NDVI images Zeyad Makhamreha ........................................................................................................................ 115 Themes 2 and 3: Impacts of climate change on natural resource availability (especially water), agricultural production systems and environmental degradation, and on food security, livelihoods and poverty Land suitability study under current and climate change scenarios in the Karkheh river basin, Iran Abdolali Gaffari, Eddie De-Pauw and S.A. Mirghasemi ................................................................. 125 Climate change and water: Challenges and technological solutions in dry areas Mohammed Karrou and Theib Oweis .............................................................................................. 130 Unmet irrigation water demands due to climate change in the lower Jordan river basin Marc Haering, Emad Al-Karablieh and Amer Salman ..................................................................... 136 Strategic planning for water resources management and agricultural development for drought mitigation in Lebanon Fadi Karam and Selim Sarraf ......................................................................................................... 149 Impact of climate change and variability on diseases of food legumes in the dry areas Seid Ahmed, Imtiaz Muhammad, Shiv Kumar, Rajinder Malhotra and Fouad Maalouf ................ 157 Implications of climate change on insects: the case of cereal and legume crops in North Africa, West and Central Asia Mustapha El Bouhssini, S. Lhaloui, Ahmed Amri and A. Trissi ...................................................... 166 Climate change impact on weeds Barakat Abu Irmaileh ...................................................................................................................... 170 Is climate change driving indigenous livestock to extinction? A simulation study of Jordan's indigenous cattle Raed M. Al-Atiyat ............................................................................................................................... 176 Theme 4: Mitigation, adaptation and ecosystem resilience strategies including natural resource management and crop improvement Plant genetic resources management and discovering genes for designing crops resilient to changing climate Sudesh Sharma, I.S. Bisht and Ashutosh Sarker ................................................................................ 185 Role of dryland agrobiodiversity in adapting and mitigating the adverse effects of climate change Ahmed Amri, Kenneth Street, Jan Konopka, Ali Shehadeh and Bilal Humeid ........................................ 196 v Reviving beneficial genetic diversity in dryland agriculture: A key issue to mitigate climate change negative impacts Reza Hagpharast et al . ........................................................................................................................ 204 Plant breeding and climate change Salvatore Ceccarelli et al. ................................................................................................................. 209 Genotype x environment interaction for durum wheat yield in Iran under different climatic conditions and water regimes Reza Mohammadi et al. ...................................................................................................................... 221 Thermo-tolerance studies on barley varieties from arid and temperate regions Muhammad Naeem Shahwani and Peter Dominy ........................................................................... 228 Potential options for improving and stabilizing wheat yields in the context of climate change in WANA Mohammed Karrou and Osman Abdalla ......................................................................................... 237 Breeding food legumes for enhanced drought and heat tolerance to cope with climate change Fouad Maalouf, Imtiaz Muhammad, Shiv Kumar and Rajendra Malhotra .................................... 244 Community-based breeding programs to exploit genetic potential of adapted local sheep breeds in Ethiopia A. Haile et al. .................................................................................................................................... 255 New feeding strategies for Awassi sheep in drought affected areas and their effect on product quality Muhi El-Dine Hilali et al. ................................................................................................................. 263 Effect of grazing on range plant community characteristics of landscape depressions in arid pastoral ecosystems Mounir Louhaichi, Fahim Ghassali and Amin Khatib Salkini ....................................................... 272 Role of soil organic matter and balanced fertilization in combating land degradation in dry areas and sustaining crop productivity Anand Swarup
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Millions in Flight: the Iraqi Refugee Crisis
    [EMBARGOED FOR: 24 September 2007] Public amnesty international Iraq Millions in flight: the Iraqi refugee crisis Photograph of a painting by Hussein al-Ibrahemi, Iraqi artist and human rights defender, expressing his feelings as a refugee, June 2007, © AI September 2007 AI Index: MDE 14/041/2007 INTERNATIONAL SECRETARIAT, 1 EASTON STREET, LONDON WC1X 0DW, UNITED KINGDOM TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. A spiralling crisis .......................................................................................................1 1.1 Scale of the problem ............................................................................................3 1.2 Situation in Syria and Jordan ...............................................................................5 1.2.1 Conditions in Syria .......................................................................................7 1.2.2 Conditions in Jordan ...................................................................................17 2. State responses to the crisis......................................................................................24 2.1 Funding and pledges ..........................................................................................25 2.1.1 Assistance given..........................................................................................29 2.2 Resettlement.......................................................................................................31 2.3 Forcible returns ..................................................................................................38
    [Show full text]
  • Community Engagement in Case Management
    Community Engagement in Case Management Community Volunteers and their Role in Case Management Processes in Humanitarian Contexts: A Comparative Study of Research and Practice Publishing/Citations ©The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action, 2021. The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action (the Alliance) supports the efforts of humanitarian actors to achieve high-quality and effective child protection interventions in humanitarian settings. Through its technical Working Groups and Task Forces, the Alliance develops interagency operational standards and provides technical guidance to support the work of child protection in humanitarian settings. For more information on the Alliance’s work and joining the network, please visit https://www.alliancecpha.org or contact us directly: [email protected]. This report is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Bureau of Humanitarian Affairs (BHA). The contents are the responsibility of the Alliance and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. Suggested Citation: The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action, Community volunteers and their role in case management processes in humanitarian contexts: A comparative study of research and practice, 2021. License: This document is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0. It is attributed to the Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action (The Alliance) Author: Glynis Clacherty Project Technical Lead: Colleen Fitzgerald, Plan International USA 2 I am a Community Volunteer “I chose this profession out of love, to help the people of my community. Initially, I was just a housewife running a small business.
    [Show full text]
  • Aree Di Transizione Linguistiche E Culturali in Africa 3 Impaginazione Gabriella Clabot
    ATrA Aree di transizione linguistiche e culturali in Africa 3 Impaginazione Gabriella Clabot © copyright Edizioni Università di Trieste, Trieste 2017. Proprietà letteraria riservata. I diritti di traduzione, memorizzazione elettronica, di riproduzione e di adattamento totale e parziale di questa pubblicazione, con qualsiasi mezzo (compresi i microfilm, le fotocopie e altro) sono riservati per tutti i paesi. ISBN 978-88-8303-821-1 (print) ISBN 978-88-8303-822-8 (online) EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste via Weiss 21 – 34128 Trieste http://eut.units.it https://www.facebook.com/EUTEdizioniUniversitaTrieste Cultural and Linguistic Transition explored Proceedings of the ATrA closing workshop Trieste, May 25-26, 2016 Ilaria Micheli (ed.) EUT EDIZIONI UNIVERSITÀ DI TRIESTE Table of contents Ilaria Micheli Shereen El Kabbani & Essam VII Introduction Elsaeed 46 The Documentation of the Pilgrimage Arts in Upper Egypt – A comparative PART I – ANTHROPOLOGY / Study between Ancient and Islamic Egypt CULTURE STUDIES Signe Lise Howell PART II – ARCHAEOLOGY 2 Cause: a category of the human mind? Some social consequences of Chewong Paul J. Lane (Malaysian rainforest hunter-gatherers) 60 People, Pots, Words and Genes: ontological understanding Multiple sources and recon-structions of the transition to food production Ilaria Micheli in eastern Africa 13 Women's lives: childhood, adolescence, marriage and motherhood among Ilaria Incordino the Ogiek of Mariashoni (Kenya) and 78 The analysis of determinatives the Kulango of Nassian (Ivory Coast) of Egyptian
    [Show full text]
  • African Arabic-Brugnatellisecond
    Arab-Berber contacts in the Middle Ages and ancient Arabic dialects: new evidence from an old Ibāḍite religious text Vermondo Brugnatelli The modern Berber languages of North Africa contain a quantity of borrowings from Arabic, as a result of substantial contacts over many centuries. The analysis of these data provides a rich source of information for studies on linguistic contact from a typological point of view as well as for research on the early history of the Arabic dialects in a diachronic perspective. This field of research has not yet been methodically investigated ‒ though some studies already exist, concerning general issues (Chaker 1984; van den Boogert and Kossmann 1997; Ameur 2011) as well as some specific linguistic areas: Tuareg (Pellat 1962; Prasse 1986; Brugnatelli 1995), Jerba (Brugnatelli 2002), Rif (Kossmann 2009), Mauritania (Taine-Cheikh 2008). The study of ancient sources might enhance the historical research, inasmuch as it would provide evidence much older than contemporary languages, which have been known only since a couple of centuries at most. Unfortunately, the number of ancient Berber texts published so far is small and limited to Morocco (van den Boogert 1997), but our knowledge of old Eastern Berber is improving thanks to new texts from the Ibāḍite area (Southern Tunisia, Northern Libya, Eastern Algeria). 1. The ancient text One century ago, Motylinsky (1907) announced the discovery of a substantial commentary in Medieval Berber on the Mudawwana, a 1 compendium of Ibāḍite jurisprudence by Abū Ġānim Bišr b. Ġānim al- Ḫurāsānī and offered 16 short excerpts of it. The untimely death of the French scholar prevented any further publication on the “Moudaououana d’Ibn R’anem”1 and the whereabouts of the sources he was working with have remained unknown for a long time.
    [Show full text]
  • The Syrian Virtual Resistance 44
    yber C yberO rient, Vol. 11, Iss. 2, 2017, pp. 4-34 Behind the Screen: the Syrian Virtual Resistance Billie Jeanne Brownlee Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter Abstract: Six years have gone by since the political upheaval that swept through many Middle East and North African (MENA) countries begun. Syria was caught in the grip of this revo- lutionary moment, one that drove the country from a peaceful popular mobilisation to a deadly fratricide civil war with no apparent way out. This paper provides an alternative approach to the study of the root causes of the Syrian uprising by examining the impact that the development of new media had in reconstructing forms of collective action and social mobilisation in pre-revolutionary Syria. By providing evidence of a number of significant initiatives, campaigns and acts of contentious politics that occurred between 2000 and 2011, this paper shows how, prior to 2011, scholarly work on Syria has not given sufficient theoretical and empirical consideration to the development of expressions of dissent and resilience of its cyberspace and to the informal and hybrid civic engagement they produced. Keywords: social media, uprising, Arab Spring, Internet, Middle East, Syria Introduction Six years have gone by since the political upheaval that swept through many Middle East and North African (hereinafter MENA) countries begun. Syr- ia was caught in the grip of this revolutionary moment, one that drove the [email protected] E-mail: UK. Oxford, 1JL, OX4 Road, Tyndale 22 of University Exeter, Billie Jeanne Brownlee, country from a peaceful popular mobilisation to a deadly fratricide civil war with no apparent way out.
    [Show full text]
  • Bocsio Issue 13 Lr
    ISSUE 13 20 8 BOCSIO MAGAZINE: MAGAZINE EDITOR Sean Davies t: 07989 790471 e: [email protected] DESIGN Mel Bastier Defni Design Ltd t: 01656 881007 e: [email protected] ADVERTISING 24 Rachel Bowes t: 07593 903265 e: [email protected] PRINT Stephens&George t: 01685 388888 WEBSITE www.bocsiomagazine.co.uk Boxing Bocsio is published six times a year and distributed in 22 6 south Wales and the west of England DISCLAIMER Nothing in this magazine may be produced in whole or in part Contents without the written permission of the publishers. Photographs and any other material submitted for 4 Enzo Calzaghe 22 Joe Cordina 34 Johnny Basham publication are sent at the owner’s risk and, while every care and effort 6 Nathan Cleverly 23 Enzo Maccarinelli 35 Ike Williams v is taken, neither Bocsio magazine 8 Liam Williams 24 Gavin Rees Ronnie James nor its agents accept any liability for loss or damage. Although 10 Brook v Golovkin 26 Guillermo 36 Fight Bocsio magazine has endeavoured 12 Alvarez v Smith Rigondeaux schedule to ensure that all information in the magazine is correct at the time 13 Crolla v Linares 28 Alex Hughes 40 Rankings of printing, prices and details may 15 Chris Sanigar 29 Jay Harris 41 Alway & be subject to change. The editor reserves the right to shorten or 16 Carl Frampton 30 Dale Evans Ringland ABC modify any letter or material submitted for publication. The and Lee Selby 31 Women’s boxing 42 Gina Hopkins views expressed within the 18 Oscar Valdez 32 Jack Scarrott 45 Jack Marshman magazine do not necessarily reflect those of the publishers.
    [Show full text]
  • Nominal Anchoring
    Nominal anchoring Specificity, definiteness and article systems across languages Edited by Kata Balogh Anja Latrouite Robert D. Van Valin‚ Jr. language Topics at the Grammar­Discourse science press Interface 5 Topics at the Grammar­Discourse Interface Editors: Philippa Cook (University of Göttingen), Anke Holler (University of Göttingen), Cathrine Fabricius­Hansen (University of Oslo) In this series: 1. Song, Sanghoun. Modeling information structure in a cross­linguistic perspective. 2. Müller, Sonja. Distribution und Interpretation von Modalpartikel­Kombinationen. 3. Bueno Holle, Juan José. Information structure in Isthmus Zapotec narrative and conversation. 4. Parikh, Prashant. Communication and content. 5. Balogh, Kata, Anja Latrouite & Robert D. Van Valin‚ Jr. (eds.) Nominal anchoring: Specificity, definiteness and article systems across languages. ISSN: 2567­3335 Nominal anchoring Specificity, definiteness and article systems across languages Edited by Kata Balogh Anja Latrouite Robert D. Van Valin‚ Jr. language science press Balogh, Kata, Anja Latrouite & Robert D. Van Valin‚ Jr. (eds.). 2020. Nominal anchoring: Specificity, definiteness and article systems across languages (Topics at the Grammar-Discourse Interface 5). Berlin: Language Science Press. This title can be downloaded at: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/283 © 2020, the authors Published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence (CC BY 4.0): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN: 978-3-96110-284-6 (Digital) 978-3-96110-285-3 (Hardcover) ISSN:
    [Show full text]
  • Claires Court – Year 13 Destinations 2018
    CLAIRES COURT – YEAR 13 DESTINATIONS 2018 Candidate Destination/University Course Samuel Adams Swansea Business Management Chris Allen Nottingham Physics Sam Baker East Anglia Computing Science Niamh Bates Durham Primary Education Daisy Beever Bath Spa Religions, Philosophy and Ethics Harry Bennet Employment Yasmin Bratch Bournemouth Psychology Tom Buckle Loughborough Business, Economics and Finance Tilly Butler Lancaster French Studies and Politics Sameer Butt UCL Modern Language Oli Carr College Beauty Therapy Nicholas Casson Chichester Business Studies Isaac Challis Gap Year Oliver Crawley Royal Holloway Film, TV and Digital Production Bobbi Culross Gap Year Matthew Davies Glasgow Politics Will Davies Southampton Biomedical Sciences Avtar Dhaliwal Hull Zoology Lucy Fegan-Earl Brighton History Literature and Culture Megan Forster Colorado USA Sport Management Ayesha Giles Employment Billy Gore Exeter Sports Science Ben Grant Employment Tom Green Employment Kieran Grey Swansea Economics and Business Joseph Gribben Bournemouth Television Production Matthew Hine Kent Philosophy and Management Jake Hjorring Coventry Automotive Engineering Lewis Hughes Birmingham City Business Max Kenchington Manchester Met Economics and International Business Zara Khan Birmingham City Marketing Laura Kidd Gap Year Bethany Krause Bucks Art Foundation Thomas Lidstone Birmingham Engineering Todd Lindley Bath Sport and Social Science Olivia McGregor Chester Criminology and Psychology Thomas May Cardiff French Alex McDougle UWE Bristol Business Management Josh
    [Show full text]
  • The Wbo World Lightweight Championship Terry Flanagan V Orlando Cruz
    THE WBO WORLD LIGHTWEIGHT CHAMPIONSHIP TERRY FLANAGAN V ORLANDO CRUZ WBO Lightweight Champion Terry Flanagan (31-0 12 KOs) will make the fourth defence of his World title against Puerto Rico’s former World title challenger Orlando Cruz (25-4-1 13 KOs) on Frank Warren’s huge November 26th Motorpoint Arena Cardiff show, live and exclusive on BoxNation. Welsh fights fans will be treated to an incredible five title fights at the Motorpoint Arena; two World title fights, two British title fights and one European fight. Big time boxing has well and truly returned to Cardiff. When Flanagan stopped American challenger Diego Magdaleno in a hail of punches back in October 2015 during the maiden defence of his WBO World Lightweight title, it had taken the Manchester southpaw under six minutes to prove his world class credentials. Then in March the Steve Maylett trained star retained his WBO crown with a wide points decision over tough as nails Liverpool veteran Derry Mathews in an absorbing arm wrestle of a fight in front of a packed-out Liverpool Echo Arena. Last time out at the Ice Arena Wales Flanagan successfully made the third defence of his World title against the experienced and tricky Mzonke Fana. South Africa’s Fana provided Flanagan with a stern test but the Ancoats man came away with a unanimous decision win. Cruz, 35, fought for Puerto Rico at the Sydney Olympics in 2000 and ran undefeated for a full nine years before losing to America’s Cornelius Lock by TKO in 2009. During a glittering career Cruz has held the WBO Latino Featherweight and WBO NABO Super-Featherweight titles.
    [Show full text]
  • Vision and Reality in the Middle East
    Vision and Reality in the Middle East The Institute for National Security Studies (INSS) third annual international conference “Security Challenges of the 21st Century” was held almost one year Vision and Reality after the new administrations in Washington and Jerusalem entered office. This initial period in the tenure of both governments, which reminded the respective in the Middle East leaders that in the Middle East policy ideas do not always translate into practice, st provided the focus of the conference: “Vision and Reality in the Middle East.” Security Challenges of the 21 Century Speakers at the INSS conference identified three main challenges as the most Conference Proceedings urgent: the Iranian quest for a nuclear military capability; the ongoing Israeli- Palestinian conflict; and the tension in US-Israel relations. Most of the speakers Meir Elran and Yoel Guzansky, Editors concurred that the three challenges are in many ways interrelated and mutually Meir Elran and Yoel Guzansky, Editors Guzansky, Yoel Meir Elran and influential, but the degree of interrelationship, how this connection is manifested, and the implications of the linkage were subject to dispute. Whereas some suggested that the friction and inadequate understanding between the Obama administration and the Netanyahu government had a negative effect on the political process, others contended that the root cause of the volatile atmosphere in the Middle East lay in the trends of radicalization in the region, inspired by Iran’s uncurbed extremism and its quest for regional hegemony. Significantly, what was analyzed and posited in late 2009 remains highly relevant in the second half of 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • State-Civil Society Relations in Syria
    Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/28916 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Spitz, René Title: State-civil society relations in Syria : EU good governance assistance in an authoritarian state Issue Date: 2014-09-25 Annex 1: Questionnaire Civil Society and Accountability The Syrian government in its 10th Five Year Plan stressed the importance of civil society not only because of the services it can provide but also because civil society is expected to help the government function in a more efficient and accountable manner. The UN and also the EC in its cooperation agreement with the Syrian government have expressed willingness to provide assistance to strengthen the role of civil society. 1. How would you define civil society? Why is civil society important? What is more important the social or the political dimension of the concept civil society? 2. What is in your opinion the attitude of the Syrian government towards civil society? Has the attitude of the government towards civil society shifted since the start of the 10th Five Year Plan? If yes, in what respect? 3. Why does the government seek partnership with civil society? 4. Can civil society play a role in policymaking and perform a role as a watchdog? If no why not? What are the conditions to be fulfilled? What are the main obstacles (“red lines”) and challenges? 5. Do you have examples in which Syrian civil society organisations (CSOs) were able to influence government policies? If yes, what made these organisations successful? 6. Do Syrian CSOs have channels through which they can bring issues of concern to the attention of the government? If yes, which ones and how? 7.
    [Show full text]
  • State-Civil Society Relations in Syria : EU Good Governance Assistance in an Authoritarian State Issue Date: 2014-09-25
    Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/28916 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Spitz, René Title: State-civil society relations in Syria : EU good governance assistance in an authoritarian state Issue Date: 2014-09-25 State-Civil Society Relations in Syria EU Good Governance Assistance in an Authoritarian State Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties ter verdediging op donderdag 25 september 2014 klokke 11.15 uur door René Spitz geboren te Maastricht in 1955 Promotiecommissie Promoter Prof. dr. M. A. M. R. Salih Overige leden Prof. dr. M. O. Hosli Prof. dr. R. J. van der Veen (Universiteit Amsterdam) Prof. dr. A. F. Fowler (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam) Dr. R.E.C. Leenders (University of London, UK) I. Abstract The European Union’s (EU) good governance policies consider civil society an actor promoting development as well as political accountability of governments, thus contributing to the democratisation of political systems. By means of its European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), the EU promotes good governance in its relations and cooperation with neighbouring countries to the East and the South, including Syria. The cooperation in the domain of good governance has not been successful in the southern neighbouring countries, although some governments have allowed civil society to become more active. Indeed, authoritarianism prevailed in the whole Arab region until recently. This study argues that the EU’s good governance policy is based on questionable assumptions with respect to the nature of civil society, as well as the willingness of state and civil society to cooperate.
    [Show full text]