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Red De Juderias Folleto Ingles Maquetaciûn 1 red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 1 ÁVILA I BARCELONA I BESALÚ I CÁCERES I CALAHORRA I CASTELLÓ D´EMPÚRIES I CÓRDOBA I ESTELLA - LIZARRA I GIRONA I HERVÁS I JAÉN ÁVILA I TUDELA BARCELONA I ´ TORTOSA Avila I I Barcelona BESALÚ TOLEDO I I CÁCERES I TARAZONA CALAHORRA I SEVILLA I I ´´ CASTELLÓ D SEGOVIA Besalu Caceres I ´ EMPÚRIES RIBADAVIA I I CÓRDOBA PLASENCIA I I ESTELLA PALMA I ´ - Calahorra , LIZARRA OVIEDO Castello I ´ I d Empuries GIRONA I HERVÁS MONFORTE DE LEMOS I I JAÉN LEÓN I I ´ LEÓN JAÉN I I Cordoba Estella-Lizarra MONFORTE DE LEMOS HERVÁS I GIRONA I I OVIEDO LIZARRA - I PALMA ESTELLA ´ I Girona I Hervas PLASENCIA CÓRDOBA I I RIBADAVIA EMPÚRIES ´ I SEGOVIA CASTELLÓ D I ´´ I Jaen Leon SEVILLA I CALAHORRA TARAZONA I CÁCERES I I TOLEDO BESALÚ I I TORTOSA I BARCELONA ROUTES OF SEPHARAD TUDELA I ÁVILA LEÓN I MONFORTE DE LEMOS I OVIEDO I PALMA I PLASENCIA I RIBADAVIA I SEGOVIA I SEVILLA I TARAZONA I TOLEDO I TORTOSA I TUDELA red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 2 [ ] [ ] MEETINGSMEETINGS ININ SEFARADSEFARAD brings asocia together la excepcionalidad the exceptional delegacy la ofherencia the Jewish patrimonial heritage judía of our de cities sus ciudadeswith their yinfrastructure su dotación andde resourcesinfraestructuras of high y recursosquality tourism, turísticos in deorder calidad to meet requeridos the demands por [ofla theindustria congress de reuniones.and corporate meetings industry.] TheUna vineyardsoportunidad of Sepharad:única de vivir A uniqueuna aventura way of enológica experiencing en un an oenologicalespacio de altoadventure valor culturalin a place basado with high en elcultural legado value judío based de onEspaña. the Jewish legacy in Spain. JORNADA EUROPEA D E LA [C UL TUR A J UDÍA ] AU nacultural iniciativa initiative culturalwhich takes que place se llevasimultaneously a cabo incada more año than 20simultáneamente European countries en más every de 20 year países on europeos,the first Sundayel primer of September.domingo de septiembre. AU nadifferent manera way diferente of approaching de acercarse the reality a la ofrealidad Jewish legacy,de la whichherencia will judía,enable que users permitirá to see and a losexplore usuarios the Jewish ver y quartersexplorar of thelas Routesjuderías of deSepharad. los Caminos de Sefarad. red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 3 Network of Spanish Jewish Quarters Caminos de Sefarad - 23 cities to discover a people This is the slogan with which the Network of Spanish Jewish Quarters – Routes of Sepharad proposes you a journey to our roots, a journey to towns and villages which in the past have taken in different and varied customs, languages, traditions, laws, beliefs, knowledge and tastes, while sharing a same territory. Our member cities have already covered a large stretch of the recovery of their Jewish heritage, architecture, art and culture. A hidden history, revealed after five hundred years, singular places which have been the center of hope and desire of generations of Spanish Jews and Jewesses, places of faith and tradition, buried by the passage of time, now recovered. The member cities of the NETWORK OF SPANISH JEWISH QUARTERS, Ávila, Barcelona, Besalú, Cáceres, Calahorra, Castelló d’Empúries, Córdoba, Estella-Lizarra, Girona, Hervás, Jaén, León, Monforte de Lemos, Oviedo, Palma, Plasencia, Ribadavia, Segovia, Sevilla, Tarazona, Toledo, Tortosa and Tudela, have their own tourist 3 certification , RASGO, which strives to offer a high level of quality and rigour in products and services related to the Jewish heritage in Spain, preserving the essence of Sepharad. The Network of Spanish Jewish Quarters – Routes of Sepharad is a founding member of the European Route of Jewish Heritage, developing jointly the project under the tutelage of the European institutions. This brochure gives you basic information about our Jewish quarters; JORNADA further detailed information is available on our website EUROPEA DE LA www.redjuderias.org/rasgo. CULTURA JUDÍA 23 Cities to discover a people Join in the experience red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 4 Photographs: Sanchez Moreno (Ávila, Barcelona, Estella-Lizarra, Jaén, Ribadavia) - Laura R. Grau (Besalú) - Francisco Sánchez y Juan Carlos Rodríguez (Córdoba) - Aniol Resclosa (Girona) -José Antonio Vera (Hervás) - Jesús Rodríguez Montero (Mon- forte de Lemos) - Virginia Gómez (Tudela) Cover design: Gira Estudio de Diseño Layout and printing: Ceyde Comunicación Gráfica. Segovia D.L.: SG 33-2011 red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 5 Index Ávila . .7 Barcelona . .8 Besalú . 9 Cáceres . 10 Calahorra . 11 Castelló d’Empúries . 12 Córdoba . 13 Estella-Lizarra . .14 Girona . 15 Hervás . 16 Jaén . 17 León . 18 Monforte de Lemos . .19 Oviedo . 20 Palma . 21 Plasencia . 22 Ribadavia . 23 Segovia . 24 Sevilla . 25 Tarazona . 26 Toledo . 27 Tortosa . 28 Tudela . 29 red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 6 Situation European Route of Jewish Heritage Oviedo Monforte León Estella Ribadavia Calahorra Castelló d’Empúries Tudela Besalú Tarazona Girona Barcelona Segovia Ávila Tortosa MADRID Hervás Plasencia Toledo Cáceres Palma Córdoba Jaén Sevilla red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 7 CASTILE AND LEON www.avilaturismo.com Panoramic view of the city The Hebrew presence in Ávila was first documented in 1144, when Alphonse VII ceded a tithe of the annual income of the Jews to the Cathedral. However, from the same mythical story of its foundation as a Christian city in the Roman age arises the tale of a Jew who built the first basilica of the martyrs Vincent, Sabina and Christeta, saints tortured and executed during the persecutions of the 4th century. The Jews living in Ávila were craftsmen belonging to many diverse trades but, above all, they were wealthy textile traders. This prosperity allowed, among other things, the wise Moses de León —who resided in the dwelling of the 7 king’s tax lessor, Yucaf of Ávila— to complete his Sefer ha-Zohar or Book of Splendour in the 13th century, which, together with the Talmud and the Bible, forms the great trilogy of Jewish cabalistic mysticism. Also in this city, Nissim ben Abraham —most commonly known as “the prophet of Ávila”— wrote his book about the wonders of wisdom, and it was here where Teresa de Jesús and San Juan de la Cruz, descendents of new Christians related to old families of Jewish origin, reached the peak of Christian mysticism. The only copy of the decree from 1492 which obliged the Jews to convert or be sent into exile is preserved in Ávila. This event put an end to an age- old presence and, as a consequence, led the city into cultural and economic impoverishment. PLACES OF INTEREST • Basilica of San Vicente • Reyes Católicos Street- “La Sinagoga” Hostel • Mercado Chico Square (Former Posada de la Estrella) • Pocillo Synagogue • Moshé de León Garden • Mysticism Information Centre • La Encarnación Monastery • Museum of Ávila ACTIVITIES • European Day of Jewish Culture (First Sunday of September) • Guided tours around the Jewish Quarter INFORMATION ABOUT THE JEWISH QUARTER • Visitor Reception Centre Avda. de Madrid, 39. 05001 ÁVILA Tel.: +0034 920 22 04 42 · +0034 920 22 59 69 [email protected] · [email protected] · www.avilaturismo.com red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 8 CATALONIA Barcelona www.bcn.cat “Call” of Barcelona: Saint Domènec of the “Call”- Saint Sever The presence of the Jews in Barcelona was recorded even before the existence of a Jewish Quarter in the city, although it is uncertain whether they already constituted a community or not. The first record of a Jewish district in Barcelona dates back to the 11th century, with mention of a street which “solebat ire ad callem judaicum”. The word “call” means “narrow street” or “alley”. This name spread to encompass all the streets occupied by the Jews, while the Jewish community was called “aljama”. The Jewish population reached 3,500 during its 8 peak, 10% of the entire population of the city. The assault in August 1391 left the population greatly diminished, after which it would never recover. In 1492 the royal decree meant its definitive expulsion. From the former Medieval district only the streets themselves have been preserved, now properly signposted, which invite us to wander them in silent contemplation. Some buildings have been restored, such as the one which currently houses the Call Visitor’s Centre, where the tourist will find information on the history of the city in the age of the Jews. PLACES OF INTEREST IN THE “CALL” AND ITS SURROUNDINGS • Call Visitor’s Centre • The Roman “Domus” [town house] and the Call’s silos • Saint Iu Square. (Tombstones with Jewish inscriptions) • Barcelona Museum of History ACTIVITIES • Activities at the Call Visitor’s Centre • Permanent Exhibition on Medieval Barcelona. MUHBA • Barcelona Jewish Film Festival • European Day of Jewish Culture • Guided tours around the Call. MUHBA Plaza del Rey. Tel.: +0034 932 562 122 e-mail:[email protected] www.museuhistoria.bcn.cat FURTHER INFORMATION • Call Visitor’s Centre Pl. Manel Ribé, s/n - 08002 BARCELONA Tel.: +0034 933 042 680. e-mail: [email protected] red de juderias folleto ingles_Maquetación 1 14/02/12 15:56 Página 9 CATALONIA www.besalu.cat “Micvé” of Besalú The oldest record that we have of the Jewish community in Besalú dates back to 1229, although a Jewish settlement in the 9th century is also recognised. From the 13th century we find three chronological divisions of the Jewish people in Besalú: - From the year 1300 to the 1342. Besalú was linked with the community of Girona. - From the year 1342 to the 1391. Golden age of the Jewish Quarter in Besalú, independence from the collective in Girona.
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