Revisiting Stigmergy in Light of Multi-Functional, Biogenic, Termite Structures As Communication Channel ⇑ Sebastian Oberst A,B, , Joseph C.S
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How to Design Experiments in Animal Behaviour∗ 8
SERIES ARTICLE How to Design Experiments in Animal Behaviour∗ 8. How Do Wasps Decide Who Would Be the Queen? Part 2 Raghavendra Gadagkar Continuing to explore the fascinating world of the Indian pa- per wasp Ropalidia marginata, in this article, we will ask how wasps choose their queens in another context. In the previ- ous article in this series, we saw how a simple experiment re- vealed that wasps fight, i.e., indulge in dominance-subordinate interactions, and the winner becomes the queen and the loser becomes the worker. This was in the context of new nestfoundation. But contextmatters. Whenthe same wasps once again have to decide who will be their next queen Raghavendra Gadagkar is if the first one dies or is experimentally removed, the same DST Year of Science Chair Professor at the Centre for rules do not hold. The wasps in a mature colony continue Ecological Sciences, Indian to show dominance-subordinate interactions and can even be Institute of Science, arranged in a dominance hierarchy, but the dominance ranks Bangalore, Honorary of the wasps do not predict who their next queen will be. Professor at JNCASR, and Non-Resident Permanent How they choose their next queen in this context continues Fellow of the to be an enduring mystery. In this article, I will describe four Wissenschaftskolleg (Institute simple experiments that have helped us come close to nail- for Advanced Study), Berlin. ing the culprit, although I must confess that we have not yet During the past 40 years he has established an active found the smoking gun—the chase is on, and we are hot on school of research in the area the trail—please join in! of animal behaviour, ecology and evolution. -
Treatise on the Isoptera of the World Kumar
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by American Museum of Natural History Scientific Publications KRISHNA ET AL.: ISOPTERA OF THE WORLD: 7. REFERENCES AND INDEX7. TREATISE ON THE ISOPTERA OF THE WORLD 7. REFERENCES AND INDEX KUMAR KRISHNA, DAVID A. GRIMALDI, VALERIE KRISHNA, AND MICHAEL S. ENGEL A MNH BULLETIN (7) 377 2 013 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY TREATISE ON THE ISOPTERA OF THE WORLD VolUME 7 REFERENCES AND INDEX KUMAR KRISHNA, DAVID A. GRIMALDI, VALERIE KRISHNA Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024-5192 AND MICHAEL S. ENGEL Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024-5192; Division of Entomology (Paleoentomology), Natural History Museum and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 1501 Crestline Drive, Suite 140 University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Number 377, 2704 pp., 70 figures, 14 tables Issued April 25, 2013 Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2013 ISSN 0003-0090 2013 Krishna ET AL.: ISOPtera 2435 CS ONTENT VOLUME 1 Abstract...................................................................... 5 Introduction.................................................................. 7 Acknowledgments . 9 A Brief History of Termite Systematics ........................................... 11 Morphology . 44 Key to the -
Comparative Methods Offer Powerful Insights Into Social Evolution in Bees Sarah Kocher, Robert Paxton
Comparative methods offer powerful insights into social evolution in bees Sarah Kocher, Robert Paxton To cite this version: Sarah Kocher, Robert Paxton. Comparative methods offer powerful insights into social evolution in bees. Apidologie, Springer Verlag, 2014, 45 (3), pp.289-305. 10.1007/s13592-014-0268-3. hal- 01234748 HAL Id: hal-01234748 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01234748 Submitted on 27 Nov 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Apidologie (2014) 45:289–305 Review article * INRA, DIB and Springer-Verlag France, 2014 DOI: 10.1007/s13592-014-0268-3 Comparative methods offer powerful insights into social evolution in bees 1 2 Sarah D. KOCHER , Robert J. PAXTON 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA 2Institute for Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany Received 9 September 2013 – Revised 8 December 2013 – Accepted 2 January 2014 Abstract – Bees are excellent models for studying the evolution of sociality. While most species are solitary, many form social groups. The most complex form of social behavior, eusociality, has arisen independently four times within the bees. -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
Ubr.C-ff. SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 143, NO. 3 SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNOTATED, SUBJECT-HEADING BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TERMITES 1955 TO I960 By THOMAS E. SNYDER Honorary Research Associate Smithsonian Institution (Publication 4463) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DECEMBER 29, 1961 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 143, NO. 3 SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNOTATED, SUBJECT-HEADING BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TERMITES 1955 TO 1960 By THOMAS E. SNYDER Honorary Research Associate Smithsonian Institution ><%<* Q (Publication 4463) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DECEMBER 29, 1961 PORT CITY PRESS, INC. BALTIMORE, NID., U. S. A. CONTENTS Pagre Introduction i Acknowledgments i List of subject headings 2 Subject headings 3 List of authors and titles 72 Index 115 m SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNOTATED, SUBJECT-HEADING BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TERMITES 1955 TO 1960 By THOMAS E. SNYDER Honorary Research Associate Smithsonian Institution INTRODUCTION On September 25, 1956, an "Annotated, Subject-Heading Bibliography of Ter- mites 1350 B.C. to A.D. 1954," by Thomas E. Snyder, was published as volume 130 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. A few 1955 papers were included. The present supplement covers publications from 1955 through i960; some 1961, as well as some earlier, overlooked papers, are included. A total of 1,150 references are listed under authors and tides, and 2,597 references are listed under subject headings, the greater number being due to cross references to publications covering more than one subject. New subject headings are Radiation and Toxicology. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The publication of this bibliography was made possible by a grant from the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. -
Sociobiology 65(2): 291-298 (June, 2018) DOI: 10.13102/Sociobiology.V65i2.2844
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) Sociobiology 65(2): 291-298 (June, 2018) DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v65i2.2844 Sociobiology An international journal on social insects RESEARCH ARTICLE - TERMITES Influence of Food Resource Size on the Foraging Behavior of Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky) TS Souza1, VS Gazal1,2, VJ Fernandes1, ACC Oliveira3, EL Aguiar-Menezes1,2 1 - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade e Biotecnologia Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica-RJ, Brazil 2 - Departamento Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica-RJ, Brazil 3 - Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica-RJ, Brazil Article History Abstract In general, termite foraging can be affected by physical and chemical factors Edited by linked to food. This study investigated if the wood length of Eucalyptus grandis Alexandre Vasconcellos, UFPB, Brazil Received 11 January 2018 W. Hill ex Maiden, as a food resource, influences the behavior of foraging events Initial acceptance 19 March 2018 of Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky). Nests with mature and active colonies Final acceptance 04 April 2018 were collected in the field and transferred to glass cubes connected to a test Publication date 09 July 2018 arena under laboratory conditions. Wooden blocks ofE. grandis, with a 2.5 x 2.0 cm rectangular cross section, were offered to termites in three different lengths: Keywords Arboreal termites, Nasutitermitinae, 5, 10 and 15 cm. -
Nutrional Ecology in Social Insects
NUTRIONAL ECOLOGY IN SOCIAL INSECTS Laure-Anne Poissonnier Thesis submitted the 16th of July 2018 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Agricultural Science School of Agriculture, Food and Wine Faculty of Sciences, The University of Adelaide Supervisors: Jerome Buhl and Audrey Dussutour “If all mankind were to disappear, the world would regenerate back to the rich state of equilibrium that existed ten thousand years ago. If insects were to vanish, the environment would collapse into chaos.” E.O.Wilson Table of Contents Tables of contents i Abstract v Declaration vii Acknowledgements ix Statements of authorship x Chapter 1 – General introduction 1 1. Nutrition is a complex process that influences and links all living organisms 3 2. Towards an integrative approach to study nutrition, the Nutritional Geometric Framework 4 2.a. Nutrient regulation 5 2.b. Nutrient effects on life history traits and feeding rules 8 3. Nutrition and sociality 10 3.a. Nutrition and immunity in social insects 12 3.a. Humoral and cellular defence against pathogens in insects 13 3.b Behavioural strategies used by social insects to fight parasites 14 3.c Physiological strategies used by social insects to fight parasites 16 3.d Role of nutrition in insects’ immunity 16 4. Nutrition in insect colonies 18 4.a. Self-organisation and foraging in social insects 19 4.b. Ending mass recruitment 21 4.c. Modulating recruitment according to food quality 22 4.d. Information exchange and food sharing between castes 23 4.e. Distribution of nutrients in the colony 25 4.f. The insight brought by NGF studies in social insect nutrition 29 5. -
Insect-Mediated Nitrogen Dynamics in Decomposing Wood
Ecological Entomology (2015), 40 (Suppl. 1), 97–112 DOI: 10.1111/een.12176 INSECTS AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES SPECIAL ISSUE Insect-mediated nitrogen dynamics in decomposing wood MICHAEL D. ULYSHEN USDA Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A. Abstract. 1. Wood decomposition is characterised by complex and poorly understood nitrogen (N) dynamics with unclear implications for forest nutrient cycling and productivity. Wood-dwelling microbes have developed unique strategies for coping with the N limitations imposed by their substrate, including the translocation of N into wood by cord-forming fungi and the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen2 (N ) by bacteria and Archaea. 2. By accelerating the release of nutrients immobilised in fungal tissues and promoting N2 fixation by free-living and endosymbiotic prokaryotes, saproxylic insects have the potential to influence N dynamics in forests. 3. Prokaryotes capable of fixing N2 appear to be commonplace among wood-feeding insects, with published records from three orders (Blattodea, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera), 13 families, 33 genera and at least 60 species. These organisms appear to play a significant role in the N economies of their hosts and represent a widespread solution to surviving on a diet of wood. 4. While agricultural research has demonstrated the role that termites and other insects can play in enhancing crop yields, the importance of saproxylic insects to forest productivity remains unexplored. Key words. Arthropods, diazotroph, ecosystem services, Isoptera, mineralisation, saproxylic, symbiosis. Introduction the N-rich tissues of particular insect and fungal species. For example, Baker (1969) reported that Anobium punctatum (De Nitrogen (N) is the limiting nutrient in many systems (Vitousek Geer) developing in dry wood acquired 2.5 times the amount & Howarth, 1991; LeBauer & Treseder, 2008) and this is espe- of N provided by the wood itself. -
Eusociality: Origin and Consequences
Corrections CELL BIOLOGY. For the article ‘‘The NF1 tumor suppressor criti- BIOCHEMISTRY. For the article ‘‘Engineered single-chain dimeric cally regulates TSC2 and mTOR,’’ by Cory M. Johannessen, streptavidins with an unexpected strong preference for biotin- Elizabeth E. Reczek, Marianne F. James, Hilde Brems, Eric 4-fluorescein,’’ by Filiz M. Aslan, Yong Yu, Scott C. Mohr, and Legius, and Karen Cichowski, which appeared in issue 24, June Charles R. Cantor, which appeared in issue 24, June 14, 2005, of 14, 2005, of Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (102, 8573–8578; first Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (102, 8507–8512; first published June published June 3, 2005; 10.1073͞pnas.0503224102), the authors 6, 2005; 10.1073͞pnas.0503112102), the footnotes appeared in note the following. On page 8574, the last sentence of the first the wrong order, due to a printer’s error. The ** footnote on paragraph in the left column, ‘‘Clarified lysates were normalized page 8507 should have read: ‘‘Throughout this paper, we use the for protein levels and analyzed by Western blotting with the terms monomer(ic), dimer(ic), and tetramer(ic) to refer to the following antibodies: phospho-p70S6K (T-389), phospho- number of biotin-binding domains present in a molecule, re- tuberin (S-939), phospho-tuberin (T-1462), phospho-Akt (S- gardless of the number of polypeptide chains it has.’’ In addition, 473), tuberin (C-20) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, and the †† footnote on page 8512 should have read: ‘‘We note, protein kinase B␣͞AKT1, actin, and -tubulin from Sigma- however, -
Finding a Mate with Eusocial Skills
Finding a Mate With Eusocial Skills Chris Marriott1 and Jobran Chebib2 1University of Washington, Tacoma, WA, USA 98402 2University of Zurich,¨ Zurich,¨ Switzerland 8057 [email protected] Downloaded from http://direct.mit.edu/isal/proceedings-pdf/alif2016/28/298/1904330/978-0-262-33936-0-ch052.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 Abstract mutual response of the individuals in the herd with no need for social awareness or exchange of information. Sexual reproductive behavior has a necessary social coordina- Prior work (from now on when we reference the prior tion component as willing and capable partners must both be work we mean the work in Marriott and Chebib (2015a,b)) in the right place at the right time. It has recently been demon- strated that many social organizations that support sexual re- showed that herding, philopatry, and assortative mating production can evolve in the absence of social coordination arose through non-social mechanisms of convergence and between agents (e.g. herding, assortative mating, and natal common descent. This work raised a few questions regard- philopatry). In this paper we explore these results by includ- ing the role that social interaction plays in many of these ob- ing social transfer mechanisms to our agents and contrasting served behaviors. These mating behaviors can be explained their reproductive behavior with a control group without so- cial transfer mechanisms. We conclude that similar behaviors by both non-social and social mechanisms. In many cases emerge in our social learning agents as those that emerged in the non-social solution is the simpler one, though it is likely the non-social learning agents. -
University of Southampton Research Repository
University of Southampton Research Repository Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis and, where applicable, any accompanying data are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis and the accompanying data cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content of the thesis and accompanying research data (where applicable) must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder/s. When referring to this thesis and any accompanying data, full bibliographic details must be given, e.g. Thesis: Author (Year of Submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University Faculty or School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. Data: Author (Year) Title. URI [dataset] UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES School of Biological Sciences The Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Insects by Sebastian James Shepherd Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January, 2018 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES School of Biological Sciences Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy THE EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON INSECTS Sebastian James Shepherd Flying insect species are currently in decline, including many species that provide important pollination ecosystem services. Combined exposure to various environmental stressors are associated with insect declines, including land-use change, pesticide use and climate change, but the potential biological and environmental effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMFs) are poorly understood. -
Lecture Outline: 1
Bio342_ Animals_Behavior_F2018 LECTURE GOALS: £ Consider different ways of classifying questions in Animal Behavior. LECTURE OUTLINE: 1. Ethology cleaves to the “4 questions” delineated by Niko Tinbergen including: a. Causation ~ mechanism b. Ontogeny ~ development c. Adaptive Value ~ function d. Phylogeny ~ evolution 2. These 4 questions can be described in dichotomous distinctions: a. proximate vs. ultimate b. contemporary (snapshot) vs. chronicle (story) 3. Tinbergen’s 4 Questions resemble Aristotle’s theoretical framework for a general analytical scheme known as “the 4 causes”. 4. Dewsburry presents an alternate classification scheme that avoid the problems of the proximate/ultimate distinction. a. Genesis: What is the influence of past events as a dynamic interpretation of history on 3 timescales. i. Evolution: relates past natural selection & drift etc. ii. Culture: covers cross generational, non-genetic transmission. iii. Development: begins with conception and includes genetic factors as well as environmental factors. - dynamic. b. Control: Short term regulation of behavior. i. external (outside the skin: including biotic and abiotic environment) ii. internal (physiology & endocrinology) factors. c. Consequences: The full range of effects that are contingent on behavior i. consequences for the organism: behaviors change the organism itself ii. consequences for the environment : The extended phenotype, both abiotic and social iii. consequences for differential reproduction : inclusive fitness 5. Example of behaviors that are difficult to put into Tinberbgen’s 4 Questions. a. Genetic Assimilation – the role of plasticity past and present. b. Epigenetic inheritance – Michael Meaney’s work with maternal care in rats. i. This is a maternal influence at a critical period ii. The mechanism involves methylation of the Cortisol (Glucocorticoid) Receptor during a critical period that alters the function of the HPA. -
Brief Contents
B r i e f C o n t e n t s Chapter 1 The Science of Animal Behavior 2 Chapter 2 Evolution and the Study of Animal Behavior 20 Chapter 3 Methods for Studying Animal Behavior 38 Chapter 4 Behavioral Genetics 56 Chapter 5 Learning and Cognition 78 Chapter 6 Communication 112 Chapter 7 Foraging Behavior 142 Chapter 8 Antipredator Behavior 170 Chapter 9 Dispersal and Migration 196 Chapter 10 Habitat Selection, Territoriality, and Aggression 226 Chapter 11 Mating Behavior 254 Chapter 12 Mating Systems 286 Chapter 13 Parental Care 312 Chapter 14 Social Behavior 338 A p p e n d i x 1 Scientific Literature 372 Appendix 2 Writing a Scientific Paper 374 Appendix 3 Animal Care Information 377 C o n t e n t s P r e f a c e x x i i i Chapter 1 The Science of Animal Behavior 2 1.1 Animals and their behavior are an integral part of human society 4 Recognizing and defi ning behavior 5 Measuring behavior: elephant ethograms 5 1.2 Th e scientifi c method is a formalized way of knowing about the natural world 6 Th e importance of hypotheses 7 Th e scientifi c method 7 Correlation and causality 10 Hypotheses and theories 11 Social sciences and the natural sciences 11 1.3 Animal behavior scientists test hypotheses to answer research questions about behavior 12 Hypothesis testing in wolf spiders 12 Negative results and directional hypotheses 13 Generating hypoth eses 14 Hypotheses from mathematical models 14 1.4 Anthropomorphic explanations of behavior assign human emotions to animals and can be diffi cult to test 15 1.5 Scientifi c knowledge is generated and