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Hwang, Yin (2014) Victory Pictures in a Time of Defeat: Depicting War in the Print and Visual Culture of Late Qing China 1884 ‐ 1901
Hwang, Yin (2014) Victory pictures in a time of defeat: depicting war in the print and visual culture of late Qing China 1884 ‐ 1901. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/18449 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. VICTORY PICTURES IN A TIME OF DEFEAT Depicting War in the Print and Visual Culture of Late Qing China 1884-1901 Yin Hwang Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the History of Art 2014 Department of the History of Art and Archaeology School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 2 Declaration for PhD thesis I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the School of Oriental and African Studies concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part, by any other person. -
Introduction
Notes Introduction 1. Hobsbawm 1990, 66. 2. Diamond 1998, 322–33. 3. Fairbank 1992, 44–45. 4. Fei Xiaotong 1989, 1–2. 5. Diamond 1998, 323, original emphasis. 6. Crossley 1999; Di Cosmo 1998; Purdue 2005a; Lavely and Wong 1998, 717. 7. Richards 2003, 112–47; Lattimore 1937; Pan Chia-lin and Taeuber 1952. 8. My usage of the term “geo-body” follows Thongchai 1994. 9. B. Anderson 1991, 86. 10. Purdue 2001, 304. 11. Dreyer 2006, 279–80; Fei Xiaotong 1981, 23–25. 12. Jiang Ping 1994, 16. 13. Morris-Suzuki 1998, 4; Duara 2003; Handler 1988, 6–9. 14. Duara 1995; Duara 2003. 15. Turner 1962, 3. 16. Adelman and Aron 1999, 816. 17. M. Anderson 1996, 4, Anderson’s italics. 18. Fitzgerald 1996a: 136. 19. Ibid., 107. 20. Tsu Jing 2005. 21. R. Wong 2006, 95. 22. Chatterjee (1986) was the first to theorize colonial nationalism as a “derivative discourse” of Western Orientalism. 23. Gladney 1994, 92–95; Harrell 1995a; Schein 2000. 24. Fei Xiaotong 1989, 1. 25. Cohen 1991, 114–25; Schwarcz 1986; Tu Wei-ming 1994. 26. Harrison 2000, 240–43, 83–85; Harrison 2001. 27. Harrison 2000, 83–85; Cohen 1991, 126. 186 • Notes 28. Duara 2003, 9–40. 29. See, for example, Lattimore 1940 and 1962; Forbes 1986; Goldstein 1989; Benson 1990; Lipman 1998; Millward 1998; Purdue 2005a; Mitter 2000; Atwood 2002; Tighe 2005; Reardon-Anderson 2005; Giersch 2006; Crossley, Siu, and Sutton 2006; Gladney 1991, 1994, and 1996; Harrell 1995a and 2001; Brown 1996 and 2004; Cheung Siu-woo 1995 and 2003; Schein 2000; Kulp 2000; Bulag 2002 and 2006; Rossabi 2004. -
University of California Riverside
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Uncertain Satire in Modern Chinese Fiction and Drama: 1930-1949 A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature by Xi Tian August 2014 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Perry Link, Chairperson Dr. Paul Pickowicz Dr. Yenna Wu Copyright by Xi Tian 2014 The Dissertation of Xi Tian is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Uncertain Satire in Modern Chinese Fiction and Drama: 1930-1949 by Xi Tian Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Program in Comparative Literature University of California, Riverside, August 2014 Dr. Perry Link, Chairperson My dissertation rethinks satire and redefines our understanding of it through the examination of works from the 1930s and 1940s. I argue that the fluidity of satiric writing in the 1930s and 1940s undermines the certainties of the “satiric triangle” and gives rise to what I call, variously, self-satire, self-counteractive satire, empathetic satire and ambiguous satire. It has been standard in the study of satire to assume fixed and fairly stable relations among satirist, reader, and satirized object. This “satiric triangle” highlights the opposition of satirist and satirized object and has generally assumed an alignment by the reader with the satirist and the satirist’s judgments of the satirized object. Literary critics and theorists have usually shared these assumptions about the basis of satire. I argue, however, that beginning with late-Qing exposé fiction, satire in modern Chinese literature has shown an unprecedented uncertainty and fluidity in the relations among satirist, reader and satirized object. -
New Qing History: Dispute, Dialog, and Influence
Faculty Scholarship Collection The faculty at Allegheny College has made this scholarly article openly available through the Faculty Scholarship Collection (FSC). Article Title The Social Construction and Deconstruction of Evil Landlords in Contemporary Chinese Fiction, Art, and Collective Memory Author(s) Guo Wu (Allegheny College) Journal Title Modern Chinese Literature and Culture Citation Wu, Guo. 2013. "The Social Construction and Deconstruction of Evil Landlords in Contemporary Chinese Fiction, Art, and Collective Memory." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 25, no. 1: 131-164. Link to additional information on http://u.osu.edu/mclc/journal/abstracts/wu-guo/ publisher’s website Version of article in FSC Published version Link to this article through FSC https://dspace.allegheny.edu/handle/10456/37714 Date article added to FSC March 18, 2015 Information about Allegheny’s Open Access Policy is available at http://sites.allegheny.edu/scholarlycommunication/ For additional articles from this collection, visit https://dspace.allegheny.edu/handle/10456/34250 The Chinese Historical Review ISSN: 1547-402X (Print) 2048-7827 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ytcr20 New Qing History: Dispute, Dialog, and Influence Guo Wu To cite this article: Guo Wu (2016) New Qing History: Dispute, Dialog, and Influence, The Chinese Historical Review, 23:1, 47-69, DOI: 10.1080/1547402X.2016.1168180 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2016.1168180 Published online: 09 Jun 2016. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 325 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ytcr20 Download by: [Allegheny College] Date: 19 December 2016, At: 07:28 The Chinese Historical Review, 23. -
The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933
The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Schluessel, Eric T. 2016. The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493602 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 A dissertation presented by Eric Tanner Schluessel to The Committee on History and East Asian Languages in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History and East Asian Languages Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts April, 2016 © 2016 – Eric Schluessel All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Mark C. Elliott Eric Tanner Schluessel The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 Abstract This dissertation concerns the ways in which a Chinese civilizing project intervened powerfully in cultural and social change in the Muslim-majority region of Xinjiang from the 1870s through the 1930s. I demonstrate that the efforts of officials following an ideology of domination and transformation rooted in the Chinese Classics changed the ways that people associated with each other and defined themselves and how Muslims understood their place in history and in global space. -
The Tibet-Dzungar Ideological Alliance's Challenge to the Qing
The Tibet-Dzungar Ideological Alliance’s Challenge to the Qing Empire and the Adaptation of Qing Ideology in the mid- 18th century Master’s Thesis (credits 45) Author: Xinyang Wang Supervisor: John Hennessey Seminar chair: Margaret Hunt Semester: Spring 2021 HISTORISKA INSTITUTIONEN Abstract The Yellow Hat Sect of Tibetan Buddhism exerted an important influence on the ideology of the Dzungar Empire and the Qing Empire. At the end of the 16th century, the rise of the Romanov and the Qing squeezed the living space of nomads. The Mongols, including the Dzungars, chose to convert to Tibetan Buddhism to regulate the increasing internal and external tensions. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the power structure of Central Eurasia continuously changed with the expansion of the Yellow Hat Sect’s cross-regional religious, political and economic systems and religious wars. By the 1740s, the Qing Empire established a new order in Tibet and its surrounding areas, as well as Mongolia, in other words, in most Tibetan Buddhist areas except Dzungaria. Due to the special relationship between the Dzungar and Tibet, the Dzungar constantly challenged the new ideological order constructed by the Qing with the “irrational” request of inviting Tibetan lamas. In response, the Qing constantly adjusted its strategy, which is the main problem discussed in this thesis. The ideological conflict between the two eventually led to a war that eliminated the Dzungar and the attempt to ontologically homogenize the Qing Empire in the post-Dzungar era. 1 Acknowledgements Thanks to my supervisor John Hennessey, who made me discover my interest in Qing ideology and has encouraged and helped me to study this topic. -
Analysis of the Shamanic Empire of the Early Qing, Its Role in Inner Asian
THE SHAMANIC EMPIRE AND THE HEAVENLY ASTUTE KHAN: ANALYSIS OF THE SHAMANIC EMPIRE OF THE EARLY QING, ITS ROLE IN INNER ASIAN HEGEMONY, THE NATURE OF SHAMANIC KHANSHIP, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MANCHU IDENTITY A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI’I AT MANOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY May 2020 By Stephen Garrett Thesis Committee: Shana Brown, Chairperson Edward Davis Wensheng Wang Keywords: Qing Dynasty, Manchu, Mongol, Inner Asia, Shamanism, Religion and Empire Acknowledgments: I would like to first and foremost show my deepest gratitude to my master’s thesis advisor, Dr. Shana Brown, whose ongoing uplifting support and instrumental advice were central to my academic success, without which I couldn’t have reached the finish line. I would also like to extend deepest thanks to my master’s thesis committee members Dr. Edward Davis and Dr. Wensheng Wang, who freely offered their time, efforts, and expertise to support me during this thesis project. Additionally, I would like to extend thanks to Dr. Mathew Lauzon and Dr. Matthew Romaniello, who both offered a great deal of academic and career advice, for which I am greatly appreciative. Special thanks to my peers: Ryan Fleming, Reed Riggs, Sun Yunhe, Wong Wengpok, and the many other friends and colleagues I have made during my time at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. They have always been a wellspring of academic advice, discussion, and support. While writing my master’s thesis, I have had the pleasure of working with the wonderful professional staff and faculty of the University of Hawaii at Manoa, whose instruction and support were invaluable to my academic success. -
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Yee, Ki Yip (2017) The late Qing Xinzheng (new policies) reforms in Mongolia, 1901‐1911. PhD thesis. SOAS University of London. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/26678 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. The Late Qing Xinzheng (New Policies) Reforms in Mongolia, 1901-1911 KI YIP YEE Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD 2017 Department of History SOAS, University of London Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyse the nature, imposition and effects of the late Qing xinzheng 新政 reforms in Mongolia, and to analyze the episode from its historical roots till the dynasty’s demise in 1911. Put simply, xinzheng was a modernization drive implemented throughout the Qing empire in order to save the dynasty from irreversible decline and, to a certain extent, to emulate the astounding success of the Meiji reforms in neighbouring Japan. For the purpose of this thesis, the analysis has been subdivided into the categories of agrarian policy, administrative reform, training of new armies, establishment of modern schools, introduction of new enterprises, exploitation of natural resources, construction of railways, and establishment of postal and telegram services. -
Neither Chinese Nor Outsiders: Yi and Non-Yi in the Qing Imperial Worldview
yi and non-yi in the qing Asia Major (2020) 3d ser. Vol. 33.1: 103-46 matthew w. mosca Neither Chinese Nor Outsiders: Yi and Non-Yi in the Qing Imperial Worldview abstract: This article studies the development during the Qing of the Hua–Yi (“Chinese– foreigner” or “civilized–barbarian”) dichotomy by examining two questions. First, what peoples within and outside the Qing realm could, in the eyes of the state, le- gitimately be described as Yi? Second, from the perspective of the Qing state, what criteria determined that status? It argues that the Qing state modified the preceding, Ming-era, Hua–Yi binary into a tripartite division by carving out an implicit third status—“non-Yi.” “Non-Yi” applied to Inner Asians, particularly Manchus and Mon- gols, who were regarded as distinct from Han Chinese but equal in their level of civilization and not subject to the discourse of “transformation” applied to those con- sidered Yi. Studying this “non-Yi” status offers insight into the Qing ideology that justified Manchu rule over a composite state of which China was only one compo- nent. The conclusion explores tensions and contradictions apparent when the Qing state tried to repurpose existing Chinese political vocabulary to discuss the equal but distinct status of Inner Asia within the Qing realm. keywords: Qing empire, ideology, Hua–Yi (Chinese-barbarian) dichotomy, Inner Asia he Qing state wove its ideological pronouncements so intricately T that historians are still working to unravel its craftsmanship. In the judgment of some, its Manchu rulers pursued “a policy of system- atic sinicization” and became orthodox Confucian monarchs.1 Oth- ers highlight their claim to a special “Manchu Way” that raised them Matthew W. -
CHINA HERITAGE QUARTERLY China Heritage Project, the Australian National University ISSN 1833-8461 No
CHINA HERITAGE QUARTERLY China Heritage Project, The Australian National University ISSN 1833-8461 No. 29, March 2012 originally published at this URL: http://www.chinaheritagequarterly.org/articles.php?searchterm=029_elliott.inc&issue=029 ARTICLES The Historical Vision of the Prosperous Age (shengshi 盛世 ) Mark Elliott, Harvard University Visiting Professor, Australian Centre on China in the World The June 2011 issue of China Heritage Quarterly brought together a number of historians who addressed the topic of 'Shengshi Zhongguo 盛世中国 Flourishing China, myths and realities'. The remarks published in that issue were developed on the basis of a roundtable organised for the annual conference of The Association for Asian Studies (AAS). That forum, held in Honolulu on 31 March 2011, resulted of the best kind of intellectual discussion—one initiated over good food and wine. That earlier exchange had taken place following a workshop on knowledge production and Chinese Studies organized by our colleague Wen-hsin Yeh at the Berkeley campus of the University of California in May 2010. Wen-hsin closed the discussions with a meditation on writing Chinese history today in the international academy, its prospects, its limitations and its possibilities. She encouraged participants to contemplate the trajectories of historiography as the Chinese academy (and its officially funded research) grew in prominence and volubility; she asked us to consider too how our own practice as researchers and educators would embrace what should, by all accounts, be the intellectual rise of China, one concomitant with its burgeoning global economic status. Mark Elliott participated in that AAS forum from the floor. An important scholar in the study of Chinese and Inner Asian history, and noted for his contributions to 'New Qing History', Mark offered a number of important observations on the topic. -
Frontier Stories: Periphery As Center in Qing History
Frontier Stories: Periphery as Center in Qing History The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Elliott, Mark. 2014. Frontier Stories: Periphery as Center in Qing History. Frontiers of History in China 9(3): 336-360. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:25968719 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Policy Articles, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#OAP Frontier Stories: Periphery as Center in Qing History Mark Elliott It seems impossible to begin without a reference to Owen Lattimore. For the beginning student of the Chinese frontier, Lattimore is often still the first author we read. His early writings on Manchuria, Mongolia, and Xinjiang – all places he knew personally from extensive travel there in the 1920s and 1930s – give us a captivating glimpse of an Inner Asia that, in his day, remained as yet little changed from the late Qing. Laying out before us an extraordinary world both alluring and strange, Lattimore seems to be saying to the novice that, despite appearances, this is in fact a knowable world. Which it is. Though today outdated in some respects, Lattimore’s writings continue to provide an intellectual context in which to think about on the frontier in general, both across a broad temporal sweep and in comparative terms. Indeed, as William Rowe has pointed out in a recent essay, Lattimore is one of the few Asianists of the 20th c. -
The Culture of War in China: Empire and the Military Under the Qing
The Culture of War in China The Culture of War in China Empire and the Military under the Qing Dynasty JOANNA WALEY-COHEN I.B.Tauris Publishers LONDON • NEW YORK Contents List of Illustrations vii List of Maps ix Preface xi 1 Military Culture and the Qing Empire 1 Wen and Wu 3 The New Qing History 5 The Militarization of Culture 13 The Phases of the Qing Imperial Project 17 The First Phase, 1636-1681 17 The Second Phase, 1681-1760 19 The Transition Years, 1749-1760 20 The Third Phase, 1760-1799 21 2 Commemorating War 23 Stelae Inscriptions 26 Rituals as Commemoration 38 War Illustrations, Portraits, and other Commemorative Paintings 41 The Documentary Record 45 Conclusion 46 3 Religion, War, and Empire-Building 48 Religion under the Qing 49 Qing Emperors and Tibetan-Buddhism 51 The Second Jinchuan War 55 Magic and War 57 After the War 61 Conclusion 65 vi THE CULTURE OF WAR IN CHINA 4 Military Ritual and the Qing Empire 66 Grand Inspections (DayueDayue) 71 Dispatching Generals Embarking on Campaign (MingjiangMingjiang) 75 Welcoming a Victorious Army upon Return (JiaolaoJiaolao) 77 The Presentation and Reception of Captives (xianfuxianfu, shoufu) 80 The Autumn Hunts at Mulan 83 Documenting and Disseminating Military Ritual 84 Conclusion 87 5 Changing Spaces of Empire 89 The Qing Promotion of Martial Values 90 Militarizing Government Culture and Institutions 93 The Eight Banners 97 Militarization of the Landscape 99 Conclusion 106 6 Conclusion 108 Notes 113 Bibliography 137 Index 149 List of Illustrations Cover The Qianlong emperor hunting, accompanied by a female attendant.