Pladias Database of the Czech Flora and Vegetation
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The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory, -
Stace Edition 4: Changes
STACE EDITION 4: CHANGES NOTES Changes to the textual content of keys and species accounts are not covered. "Mention" implies that the taxon is or was given summary treatment at the head of a family, family division or genus (just after the key if there is one). "Reference" implies that the taxon is or was given summary treatment inline in the accounts for a genus. "Account" implies that the taxon is or was given a numbered account inline in the numbered treatments within a genus. "Key" means key at species / infraspecific level unless otherwise qualified. "Added" against an account, mention or reference implies that no treatment was given in Edition 3. "Given" against an account, mention or reference implies that this replaces a less full or prominent treatment in Stace 3. “Reduced to” against an account or reference implies that this replaces a fuller or more prominent treatment in Stace 3. GENERAL Family order changed in the Malpighiales Family order changed in the Cornales Order Boraginales introduced, with families Hydrophyllaceae and Boraginaceae Family order changed in the Lamiales BY FAMILY 1 LYCOPODIACEAE 4 DIPHASIASTRUM Key added. D. complanatum => D. x issleri D. tristachyum keyed and account added. 5 EQUISETACEAE 1 EQUISETUM Key expanded. E. x meridionale added to key and given account. 7 HYMENOPHYLLACEAE 1 HYMENOPHYLLUM H. x scopulorum given reference. 11 DENNSTAEDTIACEAE 2 HYPOLEPIS added. Genus account added. Issue 7: 26 December 2019 Page 1 of 35 Stace edition 4 changes H. ambigua: account added. 13 CYSTOPTERIDACEAE Takes on Gymnocarpium, Cystopteris from Woodsiaceae. 2 CYSTOPTERIS C. fragilis ssp. fragilis: account added. -
Classificatie Van Planten – Nieuwe Inzichten En Gevolgen Voor De Praktijk
B268_dendro_bin 03-11-2009 10:32 Pagina 4 Classificatie van planten – nieuwe inzichten en gevolgen voor de praktijk Ir. M.H.A. Hoffman Er zijn ongeveer 300.000 verschillende (hogere) plantensoorten, die onderling veel of weinig op elkaar lijken. Vroeger werden alle planten- soorten afzonderlijk benaamd, en was niet duidelijk hoe deze soorten ver- want waren. Tegenwoordig worden soorten conform het systeem van Lin- naeus ingedeeld in geslachten. Soorten die sterk verwant zijn aan elkaar hebben dezelfde geslachtsnaam. Geslachten worden op hun beurt weer ingedeeld in families en die op hun beurt weer in ordes, enzovoort. Op deze manier kent het plantenrijk een hiërarchisch indelingsysteem, met verwantschap als basis. Sterke verwantschap is meestal ook zicht- baar aan de uiterlijke gelijkenis. Soorten die veel op elkaar lijken en verwant zijn zitten in dezelfde groep.Verre verwanten zitten ver uit elkaar in het systeem. Om een plant goed te kunnen benamen, moet dus eerst uitgezocht worden aan welke andere soorten deze verwant is. Tot voor kort werd de gelijkenis van planten zen. Deze nieuwe ontwikkeling is van grote voornamelijk bepaald aan uiterlijke kenmerken invloed op de taxonomie en op het classificatie- van bijvoorbeeld bloem en blad. De afgelopen systeem van het plantenrijk. Dit heeft bijvoor- decennia kwamen daar al aanvullende criteria beeld invloed op de familie-indeling en de plaats zoals houtanatomie, pollenmorfologie, chemi- van de familie in het systeem. Maar ook op sche inhoudsstoffen en chromosoomaantallen geslachts- en soortniveau zijn er de nodige ver- bij. De afgelopen jaren hebben DNA-technie- schuivingen. Dit artikel gaat in op de ontstaans- ken een grote vlucht genomen. -
Autographa Gamma
1 Table of Contents Table of Contents Authors, Reviewers, Draft Log 4 Introduction to the Reference 6 Soybean Background 11 Arthropods 14 Primary Pests of Soybean (Full Pest Datasheet) 14 Adoretus sinicus ............................................................................................................. 14 Autographa gamma ....................................................................................................... 26 Chrysodeixis chalcites ................................................................................................... 36 Cydia fabivora ................................................................................................................. 49 Diabrotica speciosa ........................................................................................................ 55 Helicoverpa armigera..................................................................................................... 65 Leguminivora glycinivorella .......................................................................................... 80 Mamestra brassicae....................................................................................................... 85 Spodoptera littoralis ....................................................................................................... 94 Spodoptera litura .......................................................................................................... 106 Secondary Pests of Soybean (Truncated Pest Datasheet) 118 Adoxophyes orana ...................................................................................................... -
Sites of Self-Pollen Tube Inhibition in Papaveraceae (Sensu Lato)
Plant Syst Evol (2012) 298:1239–1247 DOI 10.1007/s00606-012-0630-8 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sites of self-pollen tube inhibition in Papaveraceae (sensu lato) Paul Bilinski • Joshua Kohn Received: 24 January 2012 / Accepted: 29 March 2012 / Published online: 19 April 2012 Ó Springer-Verlag 2012 Abstract Papaver rhoeas (Papaveraceae) has a well- the stigmatic spines, and growth ceased once tubes con- characterized gametophytic self-incompatibility system in tacted the stigma surface. Despite variation in floral which self-pollen tube growth ceases either just before, or architecture, rapid arrest of self-pollen tubes occurred just after, emergence from the copal aperture. Papaver before or just after penetration of female tissue in all spe- flowers are unusual, however, in having flat stigmatic rays cies, consistent with the hypothesis that members of the sitting directly on top of the hard ovary and no style. family share the same incompatibility mechanism. Immediate self-pollen arrest might be required with this floral architecture. There is much variation in floral archi- Keywords Self-incompatibility Pollen tube inhibition Á Á tecture among Papaveraceae and self-incompatibility is Papaveraceae Eschscholzia californica Platystemon Á Á widespread. However, there are no reports of the site of californicus Argemone munita Lamprocapnos self-pollen tube inhibition in Papaveraceae other than spectabilis ÁDicentra spectabilisÁ Á P. rhoeas.Weexaminedthesiteofself-pollentubeinhibition in four species (Argemone munita, Lamprocapnos specta- bilis, Eschscholzia californica, and Platystemon californi- Introduction cus) representing a broad phylogenetic and morphological sample of Papaveraceae. Squash preparation was used for Self-incompatibility, the ability of many plants to recog- species with soft stigmas whereas woody tissue was sec- nize and reject their own pollen to avoid the deleterious tioned with a cryostat and images were stitched into a effects of self-fertilization, is found in many plant families mosaic to visualize pollen tubes on whole stigmas. -
Names of Botanical Genera Inspired by Mythology
Names of botanical genera inspired by mythology Iliana Ilieva * University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021, 14(03), 008–018 Publication history: Received on 16 January 2021; revised on 15 February 2021; accepted on 17 February 2021 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0050 Abstract The present article is a part of the project "Linguistic structure of binomial botanical denominations". It explores the denominations of botanical genera that originate from the names of different mythological characters – deities, heroes as well as some gods’ attributes. The examined names are picked based on “Conspectus of the Bulgarian vascular flora”, Sofia, 2012. The names of the plants are arranged in alphabetical order. Beside each Latin name is indicated its English common name and the family that the particular genus belongs to. The article examines the etymology of each name, adding a short account of the myth based on which the name itself is created. An index of ancient authors at the end of the article includes the writers whose works have been used to clarify the etymology of botanical genera names. Keywords: Botanical genera names; Etymology; Mythology 1. Introduction The present research is a part of the larger project "Linguistic structure of binomial botanical denominations", based on “Conspectus of the Bulgarian vascular flora”, Sofia, 2012 [1]. The article deals with the botanical genera appellations that originate from the names of different mythological figures – deities, heroes as well as some gods’ attributes. According to ICBN (International Code of Botanical Nomenclature), "The name of a genus is a noun in the nominative singular, or a word treated as such, and is written with an initial capital letter (see Art. -
Anti-Virulence Potential and in Vivo Toxicity of Persicaria Maculosa and Bistorta Officinalis Extracts
molecules Article Anti-Virulence Potential and In Vivo Toxicity of Persicaria maculosa and Bistorta officinalis Extracts Marina Jovanovi´c 1,2,*, Ivana Mori´c 3, Biljana Nikoli´c 1 , Aleksandar Pavi´c 3, Emilija Svirˇcev 4 , Lidija Šenerovi´c 3 and Dragana Miti´c-Culafi´c´ 1 1 Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] (B.N.); [email protected] (D.M.-C.)´ 2 Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia 3 Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] (I.M.); [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (L.Š.) 4 Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovi´ca2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +381-63-74-43-004 Received: 21 March 2020; Accepted: 13 April 2020; Published: 15 April 2020 Abstract: Many traditional remedies represent potential candidates for integration with modern medical practice, but credible data on their activities are often scarce. For the first time, the anti-virulence potential and the safety for human use of the ethanol extracts of two medicinal plants, Persicaria maculosa (PEM) and Bistorta officinalis (BIO), have been addressed. Ethanol extracts of both plants exhibited anti-virulence activity against the medically important opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. At the subinhibitory concentration of 50 µg/mL, the extracts demonstrated a maximal inhibitory effect (approx. 50%) against biofilm formation, the highest reduction of pyocyanin production (47% for PEM and 59% for BIO) and completely halted the swarming motility of P. -
Neobeckia Aquatica Eaton (Greene) North American Lake Cress
New England Plant Conservation Program Conservation and Research Plan Neobeckia aquatica Eaton (Greene) North American Lake Cress Prepared by: John D. Gabel and Donald H. Les University of Connecticut Storrs, Connecticut For: New England Wild Flower Society 180 Hemenway Road Framingham, MA 01701 508/877-7630 e-mail: [email protected] ! website: www.newfs.org Approved, Regional Advisory Council, 2000 SUMMARY The North American lake cress, Neobeckia aquatica (Eaton) Greene (Brassicaceae), is listed as S1 in Vermont, SH in Massachusetts, and “SH?” in Maine. Lake cress likely requires clear, slow-moving water. A requirement of sites is that they have regular fluctuations in water level. Sites are typically located in gently flowing riverine systems and have little or no shoreline development. Special threats include invasive plant species, eutrophication, and development of habitat. All extant New England element occurrences of lake cress are located in Vermont at four sites. VT.002, Orwell is characterized by small population numbers (two to five plants). The site is highly eutrophic and threatened by invasive aquatic plants (Butomus umbellatus, Lythrum salicaria, and Trapa natans). VT.006, Orwell is characterized by a relatively large population (100-500 plants). The site is threatened by invasive aquatic plants (Butomus umbellatus , Lythrum salicaria, and Trapa natans.) VT.009, Shoreham is a highly eutrophic site with 500-1000 plants in the population. VT.010, Isle La Motte represents a population located in a pristine habitat with around 500 plants. The conservation objectives for Neobeckia aquatica in New England are to: C remove the threat of invasive plants from extant lake cress populations. -
THAISZIA the Role of Biodiversity Conservation in Education At
Thaiszia - J. Bot., Košice, 25, Suppl. 1: 35-44, 2015 http://www.bz.upjs.sk/thaiszia THAISZIAT H A I S Z I A JOURNAL OF BOTANY The role of biodiversity conservation in education at Warsaw University Botanic Garden 1 1 IZABELLA KIRPLUK & WOJCIECH PODSTOLSKI 1Botanic Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland, +48 22 5530515 [email protected], [email protected] Kirpluk I. & Podstolski W. (2015): The role of biodiversity conservation in education at Warsaw University Botanic Garden. – Thaiszia – J. Bot. 25 (Suppl. 1): 35-44. – ISSN 1210-0420. Abstract: The Botanic Garden of Warsaw University, established in 1818, is one of the oldest botanic gardens in Poland. It is located in the centre of Warsaw within its historic district. Initially it covered an area of 22 ha, but in 1834 the garden area was reduced by 2/3, and has remained unchanged since then. Today, the cultivated area covers 5.16 ha. The plant collection of 5000 taxa forms the foundation for a diverse range of educational activities. The collection of threatened and protected Polish plant species plays an especially important role. The Botanic Garden is a scientific and didactic unit. Its educational activities are aimed not only at university students, biology teachers, and school and preschool children, but also at a very wide public. Within the garden there are designed and well marked educational paths dedicated to various topics. Clear descriptions of the paths can be found in the garden guide, both in Polish and English. Specially designed educational games for children, Green Peter and Green Domino, serve a supplementary role. -
Recovery Plan for Scots Pine Blister Rust Caused by Cronartium Flaccidum
Recovery Plan for Scots Pine Blister Rust caused by Cronartium flaccidum (Alb. & Schwein.) G. Winter and Peridermium pini (Pers.) Lév. [syn. C. asclepiadeum (Willd.) Fr., Endocronartium pini (Pers.) Y. Hiratsuka] March 12 2009 Contents page –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Executive Summary 2 Contributors and Reviewers 4 I. Introduction 4 II. Symptoms 5 III. Spread 6 IV. Monitoring and Detection 7 V. Response 8 VI. USDA Pathogens Permits 9 VII. Economic Impact and Compensation 10 VIII. Mitigation and Disease Management 11 IX. Infrastructure and Experts 14 X. Research, Extension, and Education Priorities 15 References 17 Web Resources 20 Appendix 21 –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– This recovery plan is one of several disease-specific documents produced as part of the National Plant Disease Recovery System (NPDRS) called for in Homeland Security Presidential Directive Number 9 (HSPD-9). The purpose of the NPDRS is to insure that the tools, infrastructure, communication networks, and capacity required for mitigating impacts of high-consequence, plant-disease outbreaks are in place so that a reasonable level of crop production is maintained. Each disease-specific plan is intended to provide a brief primer on the disease, assess the status of critical recovery components, and identify disease management research, extension, and education needs. These documents are not intended to be stand-alone documents that address all of the many and varied aspects of plant disease outbreak and all of the decisions that must be made and actions taken to achieve effective response and recovery. They are, however, documents that will help USDA guide further efforts directed toward plant disease recovery. 1 Executive Summary Scots pine blister rust (caused by the fungi Cronartium flaccidum and Peridermium pini) infects many Eurasian pines including Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine), Pinus pinaster, P. -
Lenka Kočková
MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV BOTANIKY A ZOOLOGIE Velikost genomu a poměr bazí v genomu v čeledi Ranunculaceae Diplomová práce Lenka Kočková Vedoucí práce: Doc. RNDr. Petr Bureš, Ph. D. Brno 2012 Bibliografický záznam Autor: Bc. Lenka Kočková Přírodovědecká fakulta, Masarykova univerzita, Ústav botaniky a zoologie Název práce: Velikost genomu a poměr bazí v genomu v čeledi Ranunculaceae Studijní program: Biologie Studijní obor: Systematická biologie a ekologie (Botanika) Vedoucí práce: Doc. RNDr. Petr Bureš, Ph. D. Akademický rok: 2011/2012 Počet stran: 104 Klíčová slova: Ranunculaceae, průtoková cytometrie, PI/DAPI, DNA obsah, velikost genomu, GC obsah, zastoupení bazí, velikost průduchů, Pignattiho indikační hodnoty Bibliographic Entry Author: Bc. Lenka Kočková Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Department of Botany and Zoology Title of Thesis: Genome size and genomic base composition in Ranunculaceae Programme: Biology Field of Study: Systematic Biology and Ecology (Botany) Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Petr Bureš, Ph. D. Academic Year: 2011/2012 Number of Pages: 104 Keywords: Ranunculaceae, flow cytometry, PI/DAPI, DNA content, genome size, GC content, base composition, stomatal size, Pignatti‘s indicator values Abstrakt Pomocí průtokové cytometrie byla změřena velikost genomu a AT/GC genomový poměr u 135 druhů z čeledi Ranunculaceae. U druhů byla naměřena délka a šířka průduchů a z literatury byly získány údaje o počtu chromozomů a ekologii druhů. Velikost genomu se v rámci čeledi liší 63-krát. Nejmenší genom byl naměřen u Aquilegia canadensis (2C = 0,75 pg), největší u Ranunculus lingua (2C = 47,93 pg). Mezi dvěma hlavními podčeleděmi Ranunculoideae a Thalictroideae je ve velikosti genomu markantní rozdíl (2C = 2,48 – 47,94 pg a 0,75 – 4,04 pg). -
Evolution of VRN2/Ghd7-Like Genes in Vernalization-Mediated Repression of Grass Flowering1[OPEN]
Evolution of VRN2/Ghd7-Like Genes in Vernalization-Mediated Repression of Grass Flowering1[OPEN] Daniel P. Woods2,MeghanA.McKeown2, Yinxin Dong, Jill C. Preston, and Richard M. Amasino* Laboratory of Genetics, U.S. Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (D.P.W., R.M.A.), and Department of Biochemistry (D.P.W., Y.D., R.M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405 (M.A.M., J.C.P.); and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People’s Republic of China (Y.D.) ORCID IDs: 0000-0002-1498-5707 (D.P.W.); 0000-0002-0187-4135 (Y.D.); 0000-0002-9211-5061 (J.C.P.); 0000-0003-3068-5402 (R.M.A.). Flowering of many plant species is coordinated with seasonal environmentalcuessuchastemperatureand photoperiod. Vernalization provides competence to flower after prolonged cold exposure, and a vernalization requirement prevents flowering from occurring prior to winter. In winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)andbarley(Hordeum vulgare), three genes VRN1, VRN2,andFT form a regulatory loop that regulates the initiation of flowering. Prior to cold exposure, VRN2 represses FT. During cold, VRN1 expression increases, resulting in the repression of VRN2, which in turn allows activation of FT during long days to induce flowering. Here, we test whether the circuitry of this regulatory loop is conserved across Pooideae, consistent with their niche transition from the tropics to the temperate zone. Our phylogenetic analyses of VRN2-like genes reveal a duplication event occurred before the diversification of the grasses that gave rise to a CO9 and VRN2/Ghd7 clade and support orthology between wheat/barley VRN2 and rice (Oryza sativa) Ghd7.OurBrachypodium distachyon VRN1 and VRN2 knockdown and overexpression experiments demonstrate functional conservation of grass VRN1 and VRN2 in the promotion and repression of flowering, respectively.