Vol. XVI No. 6 June, 1961 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN a FAIRFAX MANSIONS, FiNCHLEY RD. (corner Fairfax Rd.), London. N.W.3 0//

TAX EXEMPTION FOR SUCCESS AND OBLIGATIONS COMPENSATION PAYMENTS Report on AJR General Meeting Text of Finance Bill Clause

This year's AJR General Meeting on May 16 into effect in so far as more than 40 AJR We refer to the article in our previous issue. Was marked by the success which, after many members devote their time to the well-being In the meantime, the Finance Bill, 1961, has years of intensive efforts, had been achieved a of the 'Homes ; they have thus made it possible been published. It contains in Clause 19 thc tew weeks ago : the tax exemption for com­ to run the Homes in a spirit which is in keeping detailed proposals regarding the exemption pensation payments. In the course of his with the background of the residents. How­ from U.K. tax of compensation for National- opening remarks, the Chairman, Mr. H. Reich- ever, it has become increasingly difficult to find Socialist persecution. The Clause reads as ^ann, read out a letter from the Association's members of our community who are able follows : President and past Chairman, Mr. A. Schoyer, and willing to take up senior positions in the m which he congratulated the AJR on this Homes, whereas, on the other hand, the need CLAUSE 19 signal achievement which was of such decisive for such services will grow after the establish­ EXEMPTION FROM TAX OF COMPENSATION FOR importance to many in our midst. ment of the fourth Old Age Home and the NATIONAL-SOCIALIST PERSECUTION . '^r- W. Rosenstock, General Secretary of the Home for the Infirm. Members should there­ iJJR. in his report recalled that in these days fore think of suitable persons who are prepared (1) Annuities payable under the law of the ^0 years have elapsed since a small group of to take up this vocation. In the financial Federal German Republic relating to the com­ ••eiugees who had been active in various spheres sphere, it has to be realised that the means for pensation of victims of National-Socialist persecu­ covering that part of the expenses which can­ tion, being annuities which under any such law ot Jewish life in Germany had taken the initial relating to the taxation of such compensation are steps which ultimately resulted in the forma- not be contributed by residents will only last specifically exempted from tax of a character simi­ "011 of the AJR. Whilst it is intended to for a limited number of years, whereas the lar to that of income-tax, shall not be regarded evaluate the impact of this anniversary on need for the Homes will go on for a consider­ as income for any income-tax purposes. ably longer period. Therefore, reserves have another occasion, one summary conclusion (2) This section shall be deemed always to have "lay be drawn from these two decades : the to be built up in time, and the AJR Charitable had effect, and any necessary repayment of tax eed for a strong representative body of our Trust would be a proper instrument for this shall be made if a claim in that behalf is made ommunity has never decreased throughout purpose as the beneficiary of donations inter to the surveyor, in such form as the Commis­ nis perioci and is as great today as it was in vivos and bequests. sioners of Inland Revenue may direct, not later "e past. The questions which stood in the than the end of the year 1966-67. lacrease of Income Imperative foreground differed in the course of time; (3) The following provisions shall have effect srif^ problems have been solved, others are The Balance-Sheet for 1960 reveals a total as respects claims for repayment under the fore­ onl ^'^^^'''^'^' and others again have come up expenditure of £10,400, and an income from going sub-section : °y 'Comparatively recently. The speaker also subscriptions and donations of £8,300. As (a) a person's executors or administrators in«t-* '? the work of the organisations and expenditure is bound to rise due to the expan­ may make any claim which he might have j"? ."U.tions whose establishment was due to the made if he had not died, and after a person's nitiative of the AJR and its corresponding sion of our work, it is highly essential to death any repayment due (whoever made the f/^^'iisations abroad : the Council of Jews increase our income, and the signing of claim) shall be made to his executors or rom Germany, the United Restitution Organi­ covenants for the AJR Charitable Trust would administrators ; be one of the means towards this end. sation (U.R.O.) and the Leo Baeck Institute. (b) where the surveyor objects to any such Dr. F. Goldschmidt reported on recent nego­ claim it shall be heard and determined by the tiations in Germany, conducted by him, Commissioners concerned in like manner as together with AJR's Vice-Chairman, Mr. A. S. in the case of an appeal against an assessment Remembering Difficult Past Dresel, in the name of the Council of Jews under Schedule D, and the provisions of the from Germany. They referred, inter alia, to the Act of 1952 relating to the statement of a case Federal Restitution Law (" BRueG") the for the opinion of the High Court on a point 0 P'''ough its social work, the AJR knows implementation of which is substantially of law shall apply; the ^°o well of the difficulties with which limited by the present ceiling of DM 1,500 (c) any such claim to which objection is made miirPf'^' °^*^ ^^'^ lonely members of our com- millions. Furthermore, certain requests in the shall, if the claimant so elects when he makes rear ^re faced. However, we should also field of compensation were submitted anew. the claim, be heard and determined by the chan^* that the position of most of us has It is not possible to foretell whether any legis­ Special Commissioners, and paragraph (b) of into f^'^ for the better ; they have integrated this sul>-section shall have effect accordingly; lative action can still be taken before the new (d) subject to the foregoing provisions of this least ^'conomic life of this country and, at Federal Parliament will have been elected in from ^n ^^^ majority of cases, those who came section, the provisions of the Sixth Schedule autumn. A number of improvements of the to the Act of 1952 shall apply to any such claim. and c """i^tiy have benefited from restitution Law and implementary orders concerning the (4) Sub-section (1) of this section shall apply evgj. °"^Pensation in one way or another. How- former civil servants and officials of Jewish fof„'j"!jfortunately, some among us tend to to annuities payable under the law of any part communities are also under consideration, the of the Federal German Republic as it applies to for B difficult days behind us. They take speaker stated. centf^?"'^*^ what has been achieved and con- annuities payable under the law of that Republic. fisht f °" ^^^ demands. Important as our In the ensuing debate, mainly questions with It should be borne in mind that the Bill reference to the scope of the exemption from ing a a just settlement of the still outstand- may undergo alterations during its passage taxation were raised, to which Mr. F. E. Falk, through Parliament, but substantial amend­ do jji|!^?^'°°s is, it is also imperative that we member of the AJR Executive, replied. tion tmpair it by losing a sense of propor- ments affecting the principles of the clause are The resolutions moved by the Executive and not anticipated. published jn our May issue were carried unani­ AjR^^^'^'^S on the past year's activities of the mously. Accordingly, by an amendment of the It will be observed that only annuities which our M"^*^^^ °^ which were already recorded in rules, the maximum number of Executive mem­ are paid as compensation and are specifically the sti u '^^tie after the AJR Board Meeting) bers was increased from 15 to 20. Furthermore, exempted from Gennan tax because of their Whic-h ,u referred to two problems with in addition to the Executive and Board members character as compensation paid under the law who stood for re-election, Mr. A. R. Horwell, of the Federal Republic are proposed to be faced A ^'"•'^ ^°^ t^^ 0'«^ ^se Homes was Mr. K. Krotos and Mrs. L. Wechsler were elected admin- f °^ ^^^"^ is ^^^ problem of self- as new Executive members, and Mr. R. Apt, Mr. exempted from U.K. tax. This exemption will •fhe ii^""^tion, the other one that of finances, H. Feld, Mr. W. Jonas and Mr. Julius Strauss apply to all payments of " Renten" made aea of self-administration has been put were co-opted to the Board. Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION June, 1961

TAX EXEMPTION FOR COMPENSATION PAYMENTS COMPENSATION NEWS Continued from page 1 ERHOEHUNG DER COMPENSATION FOR under the Federal Indemnification Law of 29th June, 1956 (BEG)—" Renten" paid to the ENTSCHAEDIGUNGSRENTEN " NATIONALVERFOLGTE " victim or his dependants for deprivation of profession, business or employment, loss of Dwchfuehningsverordnung veroeffentlicht As reported in November 1960, an agreement life, damage to health, loss of pension or has been concluded between the United Nations insurance rights—because the " Renten " paid Die Verordnung, die eine Anpassung der High Commissioner for Refugees and the Federal under this Law were specifically exempted from Renten fuer Lebensschaden, Koerperschaden German Government, under which refugees who German Income Tax. " Renten" paid with und Berufsschaden an die fuer Beamtenge­ were persecuted by reason of their nationality effect from 1st November, 1953, under the haelter der Bundesbeamten am 1.6.1960 und ("Nationalverfolgte" BEG Par. 167/8) shall be earlier German law were re-awarded under the am 1.1.61 erfolgten Erhoehungen vorsieht treated in regard to the scale of compensation BEG of June, 1956, and are all treated as paid (Verordnung vom 10. Mai 1961 zur Aenderung the same as refugees who were persecuted for under that Law. As the German tax exemption der drei Durchfuehrungsverordnungen zum racial, political or religious reasons. According applies to all these " Renten", they will be Bundesentschaedigungsgesetz) ist im Bundes­ to an announcement, published in the Bunde­ gesetzblatt Nr. 32 vom 16. Mai 1961 veroeffent­ sanzeiger of March 16th, 1961, applications con­ exempt, on the basis of the Finance Bill, from cerning these claims have to be submitted to the British tax. licht. Wir werden ueber den Inhalt der Ver­ Bundesverwaltungsamt, Rudolfplatz (Hochhaus), It is proposed that the exemption should Cologne, by December 31 sit, 1962. "National­ have fully retrospective effect and it would ordnung in der Juli-Ausgabe von AJR verfolgte " who have no claim under the pro­ therefore cover the payments for all periods Information ausfuehrlich berichten. visions of the Federal Indemnification Law may from 1st November, 1953. It will be remem­ apply for grants out of a Fund of DM 45 million bered that payments equivalent to one year's APPLICATIONS TO CLAIMS CONFERENCE put at the disposal of the High Commissioner for '• Renten " are also made under the BEG for Refugees by the Federal German Government; the year from 1st November, 1952, to 31st Deadline June 30th these applications have to be submitted to the October, 1953. These were always treated as High Commissioner for Refugees in Geneva by The deadline date for the filing of applications December 31st, 1961. non-taxable capital payments by the Inland to the Claims Conference by organisations, institu­ Revenue. tions and communities seeking the allocation of The payments of pensions by the Federal funds for the year 1962 is June SOth, 1961. Government to former public servants Applications should be submitted in 20 FROM THE AUSTRIAN (" Beamte ") and to former officials of Jewish copies to the Conference on Jewish Material communities and other Jewish public bodies in Claims Against Germany, 3 East 54th Street, New SCENE York 22, New York, and should contain a detailed Germany are made under the law relating to description of the activities for which funds are " Wiedergutmachung " for former members of requested. The organisations submitting applica­ NAZI THREATS IN VIENNA the public service and are not exempted from tions should also include precise budgetary data German tax. They will therefore not be and information on other sources of income which exempted from U.K. tax and treated as before, may be available to the applicants for the projects In Vienna, neo-Nazi organisations have begun i.e., double tax relief for the German tax borne in question. using terror tactics, obviously timed to coincide will be given against the U.K. tax liability. The Claims Conference, by the terms of the with the Eichmann trial. The Director of the Agreement it had concluded with the Federal Austrian television service received a letter alleg­ Private pensions paid by former employers Republic of Germany, is able to allocate funds ing that 50 per cent of the service's employees in Germany are not compensation and will only for those activities which contribute to the were Jews and threatening that if he failed to continue to be liable to British tax. relief, rehabilitation and resettlement of Jewish resign (although he is a Christian) "you will be German Social Insurance pensions ("Ange­ victims of Nazi persecution, in accordance with dead . . ." Fires also broke out three times in stelltenversicherung " and similar social the urgency of need. the television studios the evening before the letter insurance payments) do not appear to have the was received. (iharacter of compensation annuities as such, GENERAL MEETING OF JEWISH TRUST The editorial department of a Vienna evening although the conditions under which these CORPORATION paper also received a threatening letter. A plastic payments are made to persecutees are, to a bomb planted at the Republic Memorial near the The Annual General Meeting of the Jewish Parliament building exploded and another bomb­ certain extent, affected by the Federal indemni­ Trust Corporation was held on May 2nd. The fication laws. Moreover, these payments, ing incident occurred in one of Vienna's smartest Chairman, Sir Henry d'Avigdor-Goldsmid, shopping streets, when a sulphur bomb was though not liable to German tax where the presided. thrown through the window of a jeweller's shop, recipients do not live in Germany, are not While the work of this Successor Organisation one of whose owners is a Jew. specifically exempted as compensation from in the former British Zone of Germany is nearing The police are keeping a close watch on all German tax. They do not therefore appear completion the centre of gravity of the still buildings belonging to the Jewish community. to be within the scope of the British exemption remaining activities of the three Successor Mr. Joseph Aftitsch, the Minister of the clause, but a final statement on the position Organisations (Jewish Trust Corporation, French Interior, at a Cabinet meeting reported on the cannot yet be made. Branch of the Jewish Trust Corporation and bomb incident at the Republic Memorial. Later Jewish Restitution Successor Organisation he safd, in an interview, that the incident had Claims for tax already paid but repayable [J.R.S.O.]) for the former American Zone has disturbed the entire nation's intemal security, and under these provisions can only be made when shifted to Berlin, and the office of J.R.S.O., acting had prejudiced Austria's reputation abroad. Those the Finance Bill has become law as the for all three Successor Organisations, will have to responsible, he declared, should be punished with " Finance Act, 1961 ". This should be by the remain in being for some time yet. the full severity of the law. end of July next. The latest date until which Since the beginning of operations, the J.I.C. has repayment claims can be submitted is the 5th recovered over DM 140 million, i.e., at the cur­ April, 1967. rent rate of exchange more than £12.500.000. JEWISH DOCUMENTATION CENTRE The Corporation made up to December 31st, 1960, the following allocations :— A Jewish Documentation Centre is to be estab­ lished in Vienna. Its task will be to assemble Your House /or:— Central British Fund for Jewish material about all Austrians who took part i" Relief and Rehabilitation .. DM 20,175,940.— the persecution of Jews. CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO American Joint Distribution Committee 17,932.642.23 UPHOLSTERY Jewish Agency for Israel 35,858,084.44 Leo Baeck Charitable Trust .. 8,033,333.33 SPECIALITY Friends of Hebrew University of Jerusalem 200,000.— Gorta Radiovision Ministry for Religious Affairs. CONTINENTAL DOWN Jerusalem 620,000.— Service B'nai B'rith 227,542.99 Equity Claimants (persons who (Member R.T.R.A.) QUILTS! missed the time limit under 13, Frognal Parade, ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS the Restitution I-aws) and Finchley Road, N.W.3 Ecjuity Ha:rdship Fund 15,634,630.13 Jewish Communities in Germany SALES REPAIRS ESTIMATES FUEE and their Organisations 25,696,610.79 DAWSON-LANE LIMITED All Leading Makes Supplied DM 124,378,783.91 Electrical Appliances Stocked 17. BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK Telephone: ARN. 6671 A number of problems will face the Successor Mr. Gort will always be pleased to Personal altenlion of Mr. W. Schachmann Organisations in the years to come and may, advise you. it is hoped, lead to further funds accruing for (HAM. 8635) Jewish charitable purposes. AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 Page 3 NEWS FROM ABROAD ANGLO-JUDAICA ANNE FRANK HOUSE OPENED HONOUR TO GHETTO FIGHTERS Anti-Semitic Schoolteacher The Intemational Youth Centre of the Anne At the request of Sir Bamett Janner, M.P., who A statement regarding the activities of Mr. Frank Foundation has been officially opened at led the British delegation of 15 attending the Colin Jordan, the Coventry school teacher, who the Anne Frank House in Prinsengracht, Amster­ Warsaw commemoration meeting, a special Jewish is also National Organiser of the anti-Semitic dam. In this house the Frank family lived in service was held for those who died in the ghetto British National Party, has been made by the hiding from July, 1942, to August, 1944, and it revolt. Coventry Teachers' Association of the National Was here that Anne wrote her diary. The service was held among the tombstones Union of Teachers. The statement says that of some of those who died at the hands of the although the basic freedom of all professional Among the several hundred people present at Nazis, and Sir Barnett recited kaddish at the men and women to live their private lives as they the opening were Mr. Otto Frank (Anne's father), conclusion. please must be supported, such activities and and the West German Consul-General in Amster­ A choir of 80 sang songs of the ghetto at the beliefs must on no account affect their efBciency dam. Few Jews and few representatives of Jewish great gathering held in the Philharmonic Hall, in their professional activities. organisations were present. Mrs. Andrea van which followed the wreath-laying ceremony at Dien, on behalf of Youth AHyah, presented a the Heroes' Memorial, where the revolt was A member of the Association's Executive Com­ Wooden Menorah as a symbol both of the rebirth started on April 19th, 1943. Apart from the mittee has wamed that if ever Jordan introduces of the Jewish people on its own soil and of the British delegation, representatives of Jewish com­ his beliefs into the classroom the Association will flame of friendship that burnt in every human munities in the U.S.A., France, Germany, be " ready to jump ". heart. Bulgaria, and several other countries took part At the same time, the first international youth in the ceremony. Representatives of the Polish Ort Secedes from Corra conference to be held in the Centre was oflBcially Govemment and Armed Forces, and all Polish Opened. The theme of the conference was "the political parties, also attended. Ort has seceded from Corra, the Combined furthering of relations between nations by pro- A meeting took place at the West Berlin Jewish Overseas Rehabilitation and Refugee Appeal, jnoting individual contacts." The conference Community Centre to commemorate the 18th anni­ This was announced by the President of Corra, lasted five days, and 30 young people from versary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The Mr. Edmund de Rothschild, who stated that British German-, English-, and French-speaking countries guests included representatives of German Ort recently decided that they wished to with­ Participated, together with an equal number from political and cultural life, and of the French, draw from the joint appeal conducted over the Holland. British, and American mihtary authorities. Herr past two years on their behalf and on behalf of Joachim Lipschitz, Senator of Interior Affairs at the Central British Fund and Ose by Corra. It MOROCCO West Berlin, was the principal speaker. He said was in the belief that the greatly increased funds the Eichmann trial was a cause for profound needed to continue and extend the work for Arrests for Attempted Emigration shame, and mentioned the common responsibility Jewish refugees and deprived Jews could better of the entire German people for the crimes of be raised by separate appeals, that British Ort had the Nazi past. Forty-seven local citizens who withdrawn. . Twenty Jews, who were arrested while attempt- helped persecuted Jews during the Nazi regime jng to leave Morocco illegally, were each sen­ were honoured during the ceremony. tenced to three months' imprisonment. Housing Discrimination .•^i-Alam, organ of the Istiqlal party, criticised RACE EQUALITY IN TURKEY "'^sentences as inadequate, stating that the court The need to protect Jewish refugees from racial discrimination in the operation of the Govern­ could not find any legislation making it an offence The Twelfth Article of the Turkish Draft Con­ 10 leave the country. The paper urged that a law ment's new Housing Bill, was stressed when the stitution, which has now been approved by Parlia­ Bill was recently considered by a Parliamentary °J promulgated making illegal departure from ment, guarantees " full equality before the law ^orocco a treasonable offence, punishable by Standing Committee. The subject arose when of all citizens without distinction of language, M.P.s were examining the clause of the Bill dealing race, faith and religion". with houses qualifiying for subsidies. l.n Lebanon, five Jews were arrested on sus- Nqn-Moslems have not been admitted to n ri°K °^ trying to emigrate to Israel. The group Turkish Government service, even though they Sir Keith Joseph, Parliamentary Secretary to the ^aa been arrested on a previous occasion for the could study at the universities and did their Ministry of Housing and Local Government, ame reason, but released after promising not to National Service like all other citizens. Jews, {Kiinted out that there would be nothing wrong along with members of other minority groups, are in a housing association set up to deal with ngage again in such activity. usually not accepted for Government positions. refugees seeking authorised arrangements with a The Chairman of the Draft Constitutional Com­ local authority. He stated he was trying to avoid mittee has stated that the new constitution would wholesale condemnation of authorised arrange­ ALGERLi provide equality for all citizens in all fields, and ments for an association which specifically sought it was hoped the principle would be applied in to serve a certain part of the public. The Recent Coup practice. 1 Paris the Jewish Press unanimously con- Antisemites Threaten Candidate ^^emned the Algiers coup. Before the collapse of 60th ANNIVERSARY OF SWISS JEWISH ^ revolt the Yiddish newspaper. Unser Wort, PAPER Mr. Harry Davis, who was to have contested t-!'ii j*^^ P"'sch must not be permitted to last, and Queen's Park Ward for Labour in the Boume­ called on all citizens to support President de IsraeUlisclies Wochenblait, the organ of the mouth municipal elections, decided to withdraw "fi h Another Yiddish paper invited people to Jewish community in Switzerland, published a because of antisemitic telephone calls received Bnt for a democratic regime and against the special illustrated edition to mark the 60th anni­ at his home. He stated there were more than fasc: versary of its foundation. A survey of the paper's thirty calls waming him that " no Jews are wanted stre '^* '""^'^^' "• The pro-Communist Naie Presse history by its Editor, Kurt Roschewski, is given on the Council". nr„^^^^ '^* "eed for unity among all Jevrish in the eifition, which contains greetings from all •"Sanisations in view of the fascist danger. Jewish organisations in Switzerland and from the Lack of Ministry Trainees Israel Consulate. The r61e played by the paper ^^.t IS undestood that half of the Foreign Legion- at the Nuremberg trials is described in an article. res who took part in the revolt were Germans, The Chief Rabbi, Dr. Israel Brodie, has y of whom are believed to be war criminals. expressed anxiety about the insufficient number of ZIND FREED BY NAPLES COURT trainees for the Anglo-Jewish ministry. The need HEALTH CENTRE IN TEHERAN The High Court in Naples has freed Ludwig for Jewish spiritual leaders, said Dr. Brodie. was Zind, the German schoolteacher arrested there very great not only in London and the provinces Jew "^^ health centre to serve underprivileged nearly a year ago. He was detained when two but also in the Commonwealth. Jews' College, Israeli sailors recognised him as the man who he said, ought in particular to be able to fill these g.? *as opened in Teheran. The Central had fled Germany after being sentenced by a the 'A ^"•"'^ ^°^ Jewish Relief and Rehabilitation, Munich court to a year's imprisonment for anti- needs. the ^'"^"'^^n Joint Distribution Committee, and Semitic remarks. Teh ""^ Kheyr-Kkah Hospital Committee of Jewish Mayors Tehe ISRAELI B4LLET THREATENED tion, ••an, contributed the funds for its construc- Alderman Mrs. Kitty Cohen has been elected equipment, and operation. BY GREEK PRO-NAZIS Th, the first Jewish woman Mayor of Sunderland, to -.j^ ^^''sian Govemment has encouraged efforts When Ihe Israeli ballet company, Carmon first twelve years after her husband. Alderman Jack "iprove living conditions for local Jews. arrived for their engagement in Greece pro-Nazis threatened to blow up the theatre, and the com­ Cohen, was elected Mayor of the borough. She PRAISE FRO.M BOMBAY MAYOR pany's leader received a letter demanding that he has chosen her daughter, Muriell Cohen, as her leave the country. Threats continued every day Mayoress. for a fortnight by telephone, accompanied by Councillor Norman Harris was unanimously Indei!!'^'"'' ^* a mass rally held on Israel's slogans such as " Long Live Eichmann " and " We electe^"^"" Day. Mr. V. B. WoHikar. the newly are eoin? to send the Jews to Dachau". TTie nominated Mayor of Southend at a meeting of to th . ^y°'' of Bombay, paid glowing tribute ballet company was forced to cancel a number of the Council, and will be the town's first Jewish talent '"''"'try. perseverance, and many other performances. Mayor. He will be installed into office on May 23. ftitur«^r°^ the Jews. He predicted a glorious The Press condemned the incidents and police His wife, Mrs. Judith Harris, was recently •"« for the State of Israel. investigated. appointed a J.P. for Southend. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION June, 1961

WEST GERMAN EINSTEIN STAMP NEWS FROM GERMANY A stamp bearing the image of Albert Einstein will be one of a new issue of West German MARTIN BORMANN ALIVE? ADENAUER: "NAZISM EXTINCT" postage stamps. The first stamp in the new series will bear the portrait of Lessing. According to Dr. Gregorio Topolewsky, for­ In a statement published in the Milano illus­ merly the Argentine Ambassador in Israel, Hitler's trated paper, L'Europeo, Dr. Adenauer wrote that deputy, Martin Bormann, is still alive and was no roots of Nazism and dictatorship had been left ANTI-NAZI EXHIBITION IN KIEL Uving in Argentina when Eichmann was arrested. in Germany. The defamation of Jews or other Dr. Topolewsky told a Press conference in Tel groups was punishable according to a special law. Under the heading " Ungesuehnte Nazijustiz," Aviv that the Argentine police had known of The Chancellor also referred to the fact that the political students' groups of Kiel University Bormann's presence in the country and that they numerous Jews, even from Israel, had returned to have organised an exhibition of documents record­ had also known the whereabouts of Dr. Mengele, Germany. ing the judicial murders committed by the " Volks­ the " euthanasia doctor ". Mengele had fled the gerichtshof " and other law courts under the Nazi country as soon as he realised the West German regime. The documents, based on Western sources, Government was demanding his extradition. NEW STATEMENT BY PRESIDENT include references to " a number of widely There were, said Dr. Topolowsky, several LUEBKE respected personalities", as the Rector of the flourishing Nazi cells in Argentina, but they do University, Professor Burck, stated at the opening not have any influence on the Cabinet or on any At a reception held in Hamburg on the occasion ceremony. public bodies. of a conference attended by Ministers of Educa­ Dr. Fritz Bauer, the Frankfurt State-Attorney, tion of 16 European countries President Luebke has stated that there is no concrete evidence that stated, with reference to the Eichmann trial, that LIFE SENTENCES FOR CAMP LEADERS Bormann is still alive. But, he said, he did not it would be wrong to equate Nazis and Germans. consider it impossible that Bormann and other It should not be forgotten, he said, that more than Karl Chmielewski, former commandant of Nazi leaders whose fate is not known had used a million Germans had been imprisoned in con­ Gusen concentration camp, was sentenced by an the same escape route as Eichmann to get out of centration camps and that hundreds of thousands Ansbach court to hard labour for life on 282 Germany after the collapse of the Nazi regime. had perished there. The spirit in which, after counts of murder. The trial, at which nearly The German authorities had not closed the file on the collapse of the Nazi regime, the German 100 witnesses gave evidence, lasted for two Bormann and were still continuing investigations. people had started a new life affirmed that, months. A Government spokesman in Bonn said that in its innermost core, Germany had remained TITe prosecutor said that 12,000 prisoners died should Bormann be found the German Govern­ faithful to the ideals shared by the other at Gusen during Chmielewski's two-and-a-half ment would ask for his extradition. countries of the Western world. years of command. The death roll at Gusen camp dropped from 733 to 16 a month when the GLOBKE AGAIN "THE ART OF OBLIVION" commandant went away on sick leave, it was stated. During a television interview in Hamburg Dr. On the occasion gf the " Synagoga " Exhibition Franz Josef Moeller. formerly leader of three Hans Globke, State Secretary in the West German in Frankfurt (see page 15). the Frankfurter Jewish labour camps near Cracow was sentenced Chancellery, said that as a Ministry of the Rundschau writes: "The art of oblivion keeps on to lifelong penal servitude by the Mosbach Law Interior official under the Nazis he was the author developing new variations in this country. After a Court. He was found guilty of the death of more of a law which made it compulsory for German period which, under the slogan of " Overcoming than 80 prisoners. Jews to carry the name " Israel" or " Sara " as the Past", was supposed to accomplish the miracle one of the first names. He told the interviewer of a purified spiritual balance sheet, it seems that that he had, however, been able to prevent the propaganda is now being concentrated on HIMMLER'S BERLIN ASSETS law from making it compulsory for Jews to add systematically minimising the German guilt. CONFISCATED the word " Jew" to their last names. He had Unfortunately, we are taught even by highly nothing to do with the order that all Jewish official quarters that the murder of millions of The Berlin assets of Himmler which amounted passports be stamped with the letter " J". Jews was committed by a mere handful of Nazi to not more than 1.277 DM were confiscated by the He disclaimed having been an author of the criminals, who had also subjugated the entire West-Beriin "Spruchkammer". The Chair­ Nuremberg racial laws, but said he had worked German nation." man stated that Himmler was not only an on the first executive order to the " Reich Citizen " acdve Nazi" but " the incarnation of Nazism, Law " and the " Law of German Blood and Ger­ the image of a beast". man Honour ". He and other officials had tried GRUEBER: CHURCHES ALSO GUILTY to weaken the desired effect of these laws by MASS EXECUTION ADMITTED limiting their restrictions. He stated that he had A a Sunday service in the East Berlin Marien- nothing to do with the introduction of laws on kirche, Propst Heini;ich Gmeber ascribed the Jews in territories occupied by the Germans crimes of Eichmann and other Nazis to the failure A former S.S. officer, Heinrich Hamann, detained during the war. of the Churches in educating its followers. All in Bochum, has admitted that he ordered and In Jerusalem the East German Jewish lawyer. leaders of the Nazi system had obtained religious carried out the mass execution of 2,000 men, Dr. Friedrich Kaul, called a Press conference on tuition in their youth, however, this apparently women, and children near Cracow during the war, Dr. Globke. Dr. Kaul produced facsimile copies had had no influence on their outlook. and that he personally shot, or tortured to death, of documents on Dr. Globke and said that there a number of Jews. He also admitted responsibility were many more in East German archives. He for the deportation of about 14,000 Jews from a had, he said, offered the documents to the Israeli CATHOLIC PRIEST'S WORK FOR ghetto to Nazi extermination camps. authorities, but they had been rejected as unneces­ UNDERSTANDING The local chief prosecutor announced that sary. Hamann claimed to have acted on strict orders, A Catholic priest, Kaplan Franz Roedel of and that he would have risked his own life if "^ DISTORTIONS IN HISTORY BOOKS Jetzendorf, near Munich, established a Society for had disobeyed. the Promofion of a Catholic Judaeological Institute Two of Hamann's former assistants have also which aims at counteracting " anti-Jewish, anti- A comparison of previous and recent post-war been arrested and charged with complicity in t"* Christian and anti-democrafic trends " by spread­ mass murder of Jews. history books in Germany reveals a tendency to ing knowledge and information. The nucleus of tone down aspects of Nazi terror. This is the Institute is the priest's own collection of revealed by Dr. Bodensieck in a 35-page analysis 2,500 books on the subject matter. In his appeal ANTISEMITIC HANDBILLS IN MUNICH of history text-books in current use (" Geschichte for support of .the Institute, Dr. Roedel points in Wissenschaft und Unterricht", Jan. 61). out that the Institute should have a function According to the Frankfurter Rundschau, dupli­ By the skilful use of circumlocutary language similar to that of the Protestant "Institutum cated anti-Semitic handbills were found in Munjc"- two text-books using the same source material Judaicum Delitzschianum " in Munster. They are addressed to "Comrades of the S.S' are made to convey vastly differing meanings. In the first, blunt version, " Hitler considered Jews the most inferior of races which had to be ruth­ lessly exterminated" ; in the toned-down alter­ native "... the most inferior of races . . . had to disappear from Europe". Where in the out­ spoken original. Hitler " occupied territories ", he Feuchtwanger (London) ltd. merely " incorporated " them " into the Reich " in the emasculated edition ; likewise, the " geno­ cide and the millions of murdered" became Bankers linguistically transformed into " the persecuted and millions of victims". BASILDON HOUSE, 7-11, MOORGATE, E.C.2 Telephone: METropolitan 8151 BELSEN COMMEMORATION Representing: To commemorate the Jews who died at Belsen, I. L. FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD. FEUCHTWANGER CORPORATION German and Jewish political and cultural repre­ TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA 60 EAST 42nJ ST., NEW YORK, 17, N.Y. sentatives recently met on the site of the former Nazi concentration camp. AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 Page 5

Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) in the beginning still civil manners, and the drastic change within the accused came after the occupa­ tion of Vienna, where he had introduced new methods of dealing with the Jewish population THE SLAIN AND THE SLAYER and which now also reflected in his meetings with the representatives of German Jewry. In Day-to-day reports on Ihe Eiclimann trial are published in the national press of this Germany, he used to accost his Jewish callers country. The following article, written by our Jerusalem correspondent, will give readers an with " Herr" and asked them to sit down ; in impression of the atmosphere during the first days of the trial. It also reports statements Vienna, they had to stand to attention and to made by Jews from Germany and other Central European countries. Meanwhile, the first carry out degrading and humiliating work. non-Jewish German, Propst Grueber, has appeared as a witness for the prosecution. Indeed, his first " independent assignment" in Appraisals of his activities and of the general impact of the trial will be published on a latei Austria seemed to have resulted in bringing out occasion.—Ed. the beast in him and " conditioned " him for his even more terrifying tasks which were still to come and of which Prague was the first station: Truly one can say of him, in the language of strasse 116. Eichmann gave a lecture in his map He used to appear in the wake of the conquering the^ &riptures: ' Where the slain are, there is room for the Mufti comprising statistical informa­ German armies like a visitation from the he. " These words from the great indictment tion on the Jewish population of the various Apocalypse. The witnesses. Dr. Walter Lind- Speech of Attorney-General Hausner rang through European countries, and what the Germans were strauss, of the former " Palestine Office ". Berlin ; «ie hushed court, with the man in the glass box— doing towards a solution of the Jewish question in Dr. Franz Meyer, of the erstwhile " Reichsver­ Adolf Eichmann—listening through his earphones, Europe. tretung " of Jews in Germany ; Moriz Fleisch­ thin-lipped and paltry-looking. "We shall see The Mufti seemed very impressed and said that mann, a representative of Austrian Jewry ; and him together with his band of confederates, he had already obtained Himmler's approval that Dr. Paul Mertz, Mrs. Vali Zimet and Max Burger ?ombing Europe from the Pyrenees to the Urals, Eichmann delegate someone to come to Jerusalem speaking for the Jews of Czechoslovakia recounted 'n order to assemble the Jews and despatch them as his personal adviser. Eichmann asked Wisliceny the gruesome tale. Some of them were so full of :° death . . .", the terrifying charge went on. if he would accept the post. Eichmann saw the their experiences that the Presiding Judge had to By virtue of a combination of posts, Eichmann Mufti on several subsequent occasions and was say: " In matters not relevant to the personal became the main executor of the extermination greatly impressed by him. When the plan was responsibility of the accused but only the back­ Plan, with enormous authority in the German ventilated, to exchange 10.000 Jewish children for ground of such incidents, it will suffice to bring Keich, which now included Austria and the Czech German civilians under detention and to send one piece of evidence to illustrate the background l^rotectorate, and all the occupied territories. . . .'" them, through the good offices of the International and not to repeat the illustration in more than The^ world Press greeted Mr. Hausner's speech Red Cross, to Palestine, the Mufti protested one item." as an " historical document"', because it re-created strongly to Himmler against the scheme, giving as a vivid picture of the Hitlerian regime which sent his reason that these Jewish children would be The prosecution hopes to complete its case by the Nazi hordes pillaging and destroying through­ adults in a few years and would reinforce the the middle of June. While these lines are being out Europe and yet pointed to the accused as Palestine Jewish community. According to Eich­ written, the first witnesses relate the tragedy of mann, Himmler cancelled the entire operation and Polish Jewry and Eichmann's sinister part in it. the evil-doer in a strictly legal sense. When the One face stands out—that of Shmuel Grynszpan, frosecutor closed with the words: "And the even issued a blank order banning any future occurrences of this nature, so that no Jew would the father of Hershel. the boy who shot the judges of Israel will pronounce true and righteous German Diplomat in Paris, Herr vom Rath, in judgment", one thought of another Zola pro­ henceforth be allowed to go to Palestine from revenge for what had been done to his father. nouncing another "J'accuse". areas under German control. Hershel has disappeared^the man who saw him Another incriminating document, submitted to last was Eichmann—and now his father, a devout "Not Guilty" the Court by the Prosecution, was the auto­ little man, with a beard and a skull cap, standing biography of the Auschwitz Commandant Rudolf in the witness box, told the court how he was Fifteen times, at the end of each of the 15 Hoess. Among the excerpts read during thc trial chased across the Polish border, how the whips f ^8es, Eichmann pleaded "Within the meaning was the following: " Eichmann was absolutely came down and how he fell in a ditch. " You °t the indictment. Not Guilty". Goering used convinced that if he could succeed in destroying the may sit if you wish. Mr. Grynszpan," said Mr. J^e same plea at Nuremberg, and so did Sauckel, biological basis of Jewry in the East by complete Justice Landau. Shmuel Grynszpan stood erect. jj™*° defending counsel was Dr. Robert Serva- extermination, then Jewry as a whole would never " For the honour of this court I shall remain a, • • ' Eichmann's own version of the story recover from the blow. . . . Eichmann was standing," he replied. im ^'^^t on tape-recordings from his police completely obsessed with his mission and also "'^••••ogation came as a kind of anti-climax. He convinced that this extermination action was bn {ji'led anyone, he said—apart from a little necessary in order to preserve the German people QUESTION IN HOUSE OF COMMONS oy who stole peaches from his back garden—as in the future from the destructive intentions of the Jews. . . ." j.J^j'tter of fact, he could not bear the sight of Britain Not Represented at Eichmann Trial that' ^° ^^^ ^^ open wound made him sick— The first witness for the prosecution was Salo whe iT*^^ ^^ could not become a doctor—and Baron, Professor of Jewish History at Columbia Ivin • ^^^^ to a camp where the dead were University. From a narrow legal point of view, In the House of Commons Dr. Alan Thompson questioned Britain's decision not to be officially fon H "u ^ P'*' ^^ ^^^ '° ^^^""^ '^'^ *^^*' ^^ ^^ all the witness could say was irrelevant, but in but ,u ^^^^ unbearable. He was nothing else this case, not only an individual but a whole represented at the Eichmann trial. He asked but the whether the Government received an invitation t|.„_ •••aman whwijuo ucbpaicnedespatchedu thinec trainsirains, a suisort oofi regime is on trial, and legal, moral and historical aspects go hand in hand in evaluating the great from the Israel Government to send an official d'-IPOftation officer. True, he also sent to the observer to the trial, and what reply was sent. but ^, .'^amps ^-^ Jewish children from France, holocaust in which the accused was instrumental. the t^ii--''^ '^'^ opinion, was in connection " with Professor Baron's task was to tell the Court about Mr. J. B. Godber, Under-Secretary for Foreign technical aspects of transport" as well. the situation of the Jewish people before the Affairs, replied that all diplomatic missions in Eich catastrophe, and to analyse the forms, motives and Israel were informed some time ago that they th, mann did not deny that he was present at 1942 1?°"^ "Wannsee Conference" of January, sociological causes of antisemitism, which he should apply to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs solift- ,^^^ the decision to implement the " final finally defined as " dislike of the unlike ". if they wished a permanent seat at the trial to be in n'S° ^^ mude, but he had to be there only reserved for them. They had also been told that his s 'k" ^"™>sh Heydrich with material for Gennan Jews in Witness Box seats at the trial could be provided for legal tation*^^'^" and because he had written the invi- observers. On practical grounds, because of the said h ^ didn't have the right to speak ", he The mood reverted from that of a lecture hall full Press coverage which the trial would receive, The'Aft ^ ^™all official who had to obey orders. to the atmosphere of a court room, when Benno it was decided not to take up either offer. Cohn was called to the witness stand. Here again, Dr. Thompson felt that in view of the over­ Said- ,r ' J^ '-"^"<=rai naa loreseen mis wnen ne the prosecution wanted to present as broad a whelming importance of the trial, in view of thc carri'eH °'^ Eichmann will tell you that he canvas as possible and, although the charge sheet contribution Britain made lo the ending of a tragic con^ir- °^^ *^^ orders of his superiors, but the starts only with the year 1939, to show the court era which the trial represents, and in view of its Intern ," °^ the world, speaking through the the developments in Germany, Austria and importance to Israel and humanity at large, it orders ^"^' Military Court, has laid it down that Czechoslovakia which preceded that date and in would have been more sensible for Britain to do nnt '^^"trarN to conscience and moralitv . . . which Eichmann already played a certain part. have followed the example of nearly every other that i '^^"^titute a legal or moral defence. .'. . But Government in the world and accepted the beyonH "°u- ^"- We shall prove that he went far Benno Cohn, the last Chairman of the Zionist invitation. adniitt fl instructions". Vet the accused Federation for Germany and now a lecturer at *hettin ?J^^^ to being guilty of aiding and Tel Aviv University, drew a picture of the Jewish Mr. Godber replied that he did not think atten­ situation in Germany in the years 1933-39. from dance at the trial had any implication on that. it v/mh u ^ cannot shirk this responsibility, and Britain's position was abundantly clear. legal " foolish if I tried to. According to which salient facts emerged : the German Jews, concepts, I am certainly guilty of helping". led and encouraged by their Zionist leaders, Defen""''"g ^^^ objection of the Counsel for the remained the only Jewry that offered spiritual DEFENCE FINANCED FROM statem '. Court admitted as evidence two resistance to the Nazis. The Zionist paper LIFE STORY FEES mann", u ^"tten bv Dieter Wislicenv. Eich- " Judische Rundschau" dared to criticise the awaitin ^"''."'"dinate. while in the Bratislava Prison oppressors ; in Zionist meetings, in spite of the The publication of the story of Eichmann's Peopig ^ '£J^' for war crimes against the Slovakian presence of the Gestapo, speakers, though in escape from Allied hands after the war to Argen­ mann'c n • ^ description is given of Eich- veiled language, went to the extreme in encourag­ tina, published in The People and newspapers in Haj Aj^.°"aboration with the Mufti of Jerusalem, ing their audiences. Strangely enough, the Nazis other countries, will benefit neither Eichmann nor late in iljl ^^ Husseini. who arrived in Germany had a certain respect for this manly and courage­ his family financially. It is understood that pay­ Eichniai, • After a call on Himmler, he visited ous behaviour. ment for the series will be devoted to covering "ann ,„ his office in Berlin. Kurfursten- Eichmann, too, according to Benno Cohn, had Eichmann's defence costs. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION June, 1961

innersten Wesen, jenem Kern also, der sich auch dem Freunde und Weggenossen vieler TRIBUTE TO ROBERT WELTSCH Jahre erst spaeter und allmaehlich erschlossen hat. THE CONSCIENCE OF OUR PEOPLE EDITORIAL GREETINGS Wer R.W. nur gut, aber noch nicht sehr gut I have admired Robert Weltsch as author, kennt, mag glauben, sein Gesicht wahrgenom­ On June 20th, Robert Weltsch will cele­ men zu haben, wenn er ihn nur sieht als den brate his 70th birthday. It would be editor and journalist for thirty years, most of all because he has the " lovely virtue, courage ". Antipathetiker, den Feind der grossen Worte, presumptuous if we tried to enlarge on the den Skeptiker, den Desillusionisten, den pes- tributes paid to him by the writers of the He stood up fearlessly against Nazi threats in following articles and messages. Yet in one Germany, and he has stood up fearlessly simistisch Unglaeubigen. So erschien er auch respect an editorial comment is legitimate: against what he feels is any falling away by mir lange Zeit. Nun aber weiss ich es, endlich by his uncompromising sincerity, his the Government and people of Israel from und endgueltig, anders und besser. courage and the clarity of his writing, he the ethical teaching of Judaism. He is often R.W.'s Abneigung gegen die grossen Worte has set an example to all those who regard the conscience of the Jewish people, and his work for the Jewish Press as their vocation. stammt aus seinem Wissen um das echte Wort, On many occasions, this paper, too, has articles in the Israeli Press and the Jewish gegen dessen Schaendung er sich wehrt; seine benefited from his co-operation. With Press outside Israel have encouraged the Skepsis jedem Aberglauben der Zeit gegenue­ feelings of respect, gratitude and affection, " eminent minority" who want Israel not to ber, vor allem dem der nationalistischen und we join those who convey their best wishes be " like all the nations ". Through his com­ pseudo-religoesen Ideologien wurzelt in einem to Robert Weltsch on the occasion of his mand of three languages: German, English tief verborgenen, aber festen Glaubensgrunde; 70th birthday. and Hebrew, he has become a writer of inter­ seine pessimistische Beurteilung der gelaeufigen national influence. In his editing of the Leo Wirklichkeit zeugt seinen unermuedlichen Baeck Year Book he has maintained the Kampf fuer eine bessere Welt. DREI LEBENSABSCHNITTE highest standards both as regards the content and the form of the articles, and made that So hat gerade er, der Unpathetische, die Lieber Robert Weltsch, annual a worthy representation of the most einzigartige Kraft aufgebracht, in der intellectual Jewish community. I am one of schwarzen Stunde, da es gait, das eine Wort Dass Sie siebzig werden, ist mir der Anlass many who hope that, having entered the des Mutes, des Widerstandes und des Trostes gewesen, unsere nunmehr fuenfzigjaehrige decade of gevura (strength), he will for many zu finden, mit dem er die Kriegserklaerung Gemeinsamkeit mit einem sozusagen "histo­ years continue to enlighten and guide us. dem Todfeinde unseres Volkes und der rischen " Blick zu betrachten. Man denkt .Menschlichkeit in echtem, aufgespartem Pathos sonst ueber diese Dinge nicht nach, man traegt NORMAN BENTWICH. beantwortete. Mit Recht also wird sie fuer sie eben in sich und sie wirken—^lebensmaessig. immer verbunden bleiben mit seinem Namen : Aber jetzt habe ich mich doch damit befassen Robert Weltsch. muessen, und zwar eben mit dem "Histo­ rischen " daran. Ich meine selbstverstaendlich ERNST SIMON (Jerusalem) nicht, dass wir zu irgendeiner Zeit an jener Art von Aktionen teilgenommen haetten, die man so zu bezeichnen pflegt. Was ich im Sinn habe, haengt mit der zugleich bedeutenden GEMEINSAMES VAETER-ERBE und problematischen Funktion des Geistes in der Geschichte zusammen. Lieber Robert, Iimerhalb der historisch sehr verschieden Es ist ein Symptom fuer die noch nicht belichteten Abschnitte dieses halben Jahrhun­ behobene Paradoxic des juedischen Schicksals, derts sind es besonders drei, die so betrachtet dass ich, mit Ihnen in der gleichen Stadt Prag, werden wollen: Den ersten bildet die, 1909 in beinahe in der gleichen Strasse aufgewachsen Prag anhebende Begegnung von zwei zioni­ (denn " meine " Strasse war eine Nebengasse stischen Generationen in der Einsicht, dass die der Ihrigen) und durch jahrelange Zusammen­ Pflege eines hebraistischen und palaestino- arbeit in Berlin mit Ihnen verbunden, Ihnen zentrischen Nationalismus allein wohl zu einer jetzt meine Glueckwuensche aus Tel-Aviv ueber Restauration, nicht aber zu einer wahren London senden muss. Mit Ruehrung denke ich Emeuerung der Substanz " Israel" zu fuehren daran, dass unsere beiden Vaeter im Vorstand vermag, dass es dazu vielmehr eines grossen des gleichen juedischen Vereins " Afrike tiefergreifenden und umfassenderen Werks der Jehuda " sassen, und dass sie uns, die wir fast Volkserziehung bedarf. Der zweite Abschnitt noch Kinder waren, zu den Vortraegen mit- sind jene Jahre der Vorkriegs-Hitlerei, in denen nahmen, die in dem bescheidenen Hotel mit Sie die " Juedische Rundschau" leiteten und dem pompoesen Namen " Bristol " stattfanden ich die " Mittelstelle fuer juedische Erwachse­ —wobei wir dann wohl etliches Stoerende nenbildung ", zwei geisteskaempferische Insti­ dazwischensprachen, denn wir verstanden nicht, tutionen, die den von der geschichtlichen worum es unseren Vaetern ging. Dennoch Situation auferlegten Kampf eben mit den haben wir, Gott sei gelobt, einen Teil des Mitteln der Erziehung zu einem konkreten und Vaeter-Erbes in unsere Seelen herueberretten gelbstaendigen Judentum zu fuehren hatten, PHOTO : •• JEWISH CHRONICLE " koennen. Und mein Glueckwunsch an Sie ist das, statt mit den Woelfen, nur eben auf heute, es moege Ihnen noch lange Jahre ver­ Juedisch, zu heulen, einen spezifisch juedischen SKEPSIS AUS GLAUBEN goennt sein, so tapfer wie bisher das Vaeter- Humanismus bereitet. Im dritten Abschnitt oder Ahnenerbe, wie Sie es damals empfangefl kben wir jetzt, da wir diesen Staat Israel, die Zu einem frueheren Geburtstag von Robert haben, zu verteidigen und an die naechste neue geschichtliche Form unsrer Selbstbe- Weltsch habe ich die Bemerkung gemacht, er Generation weiterzugeben. Was mich anlangt: stimmung, ihn, der wohl aus unserem selb- werde in die Geschichte mit dem Satze ein­ ich will Ihnen nacheifern. eigenen Werk erwuchs, aber durch die von gehen, der sehr wenig typisch fuer ihn sei, der Geschichte uns aufgezwungene Reaktion naemlich mit der Ueberschrift jenes grossen auf die Katastrophe entscheidend bestimmt Artikels : "Tragt ihn mit Stolz, den gelben worden ist, kritisch bejahen und ihm kritisch Fleck !" Ein gemeinsamer Freund wider- /f/tV 2^r^rvV dienen. Sich je und je mitten im Dienst an sprach mir damals und sagte, im Grunde sei der uns anfordernden Wirklichkeit fuer die uns dieser Satz gerade sehr charakteristisch fuer angestammte und erneuerungsbeduerftige den Mann, und der Ruhm habe, mindestens ERNST DEUTSCH dzt. Duesseldorf Wahrheit nach Kraeften einzusetzen—so darf in diesem Fall, durchaus Recht. Schauspielhaus ich wohl die fast paradoxe Aufgabe bezeichnen, Im vergangenen Jahrzehnt habe ich manch­ die all die Zeit, in wechselnden Gestalten, uns, mal ueber diese Controverse nachdenken Unserem Primus am Altstaedtergymnasium lieber Freund, und den uns Gesinnungsnahen muessen. Ich weiss zwar natuerlich noch, was in Prag meine allerherzlichsten Geburtstags- gemeinsam geblieben ist. Moegen Sie ihr ich damals meinte, aber ich meine es nicht wuensche und besonders den, dass er, wie noch lange erhalten bleiben! mehr. Der Satz gehoert R.W. wirklich an, bisher, weiter ein Primus bleibt! nicht nur, selbstverstaendlich, seiner histori­ schen Wirkung, sondern auch dialektischer, seinem innersten Wesen. Qfj^fuU Allerdings nur—und hier liegt der Grund fuer meinen damaligen Irrtum—seioem AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 Page 7 A BIRTHDAY MEDITATION MR. M. STEPHANY 75 Old Acquaintances " Wir tragen von den anderen Nationen leicht On June 6th, Mr. Myer Stephany will cele- ein Zerrbild in uns : aus oberflaechUchen bate his 75th birthday. There are few Anglo- Three New Bookt:—^Egon Jameson's new book Begegnungen, schlecht verstandenen Ein- Jewish communal workers whose names are as " London, wie es nicht im Woerterbuch steht"— druecken. Vorurteilen und Halberkenntnissen— closely linked as his with the history of the and not in the " Baedeker " either—publisbed by die Beruehrung mit einem klaren Geist fuehrt Heinrich Scheffler in Frankfurt, is not only written Jewish refugees in this country since 1933. for tourists; we can do with it too. His book is uns in das Eigentliche einer fremden Nation, When, on the advent of the Nazi regime, Jews a very funny guide to the numerous peculiarities ein gereinigtes Gebiet, worin die widersprechen- in England started relief work for their per­ and traditions of our ten million co-inhabitants.— den Eigenschaften—so hier das buergerlich secuted brethren on the Continent by founding Erich Kaestner's " Notabene 45" published by Bescheidene mit dem ausdauerad Lateinischen, " Atrium-Verlag " (Zurich) is a diary of the last klug Erfahrenen—zu einer Harmonie verbunden the Central British Fund, Mr. Stephany was months of the Third Reich and meant as a sind." appointed its Secretary. The appointment was reminder to his fellow-countrymen not to forget a temporary one but, to the good fortune of so quickly. In the preface, he discloses that he will never write the big novel we expect him to Hugo V. Hofmaimsthal, aus dem Nachlass the refugees, it lasted for more than a quarter write about the years he spent inside Germany 1922-1929. of a century. as a banned author ; he is convinced nobody can The peak of the C.B.F.'s activities was do a " com^die humaine " or " inhumaine " out When a group of people, bundled together of it.—Robert Muller, bom in Austria and between the pogroms of November, 1938, and educated partly in Hamburg, now dramatic critic tiy the same fate and—let us confess—^by cer- the outbreak of war, when Great Britain ^in intellectual tasks, are getting old together of London's " Daily Mail", in his third novel admitted more refugees than any other country • The Shores of Night" published by Eyre & 't cannot be avoided that some birthdays to in the world, and the Fund was—and still is— Which tradition or convention add a special Spottiswoode in London, again deals with the the financial instrument of the case-working German problem. Married to a refugee, obsessed significance are given more emphasis than just Jewish Refugees Committee. But for its efforts, by her memories and the fate of her relatives, his ^ friendly word or a handshake. The capa­ the very substantial sums needed for refugee " hero" is boss of a Fleet Street agency who bility to think and to write in printable words work would not have been available. Mr. confronts her with her past on a trip to Germany. uas a great power of seduction. And yet, I Stephany was responsible for the organisation It is a moving, haunting and depressing book, have serious doubts whether we should indulge of the C.B.F., to which he devoted his energy convincingly and brilliantly written. as much as we do in public exhortations in and wide experience infused with his deep which we give mutual endorsement to our human interest in the plight of the refugee— Milestones:—Willy Haas, founder and editor character, gifts and importance. We all no effort was too big for him and time was of of " Literarische Welt", the leading literary femember the game played in famous periodi­ no concern in periods of emergency. weekly, will be seventy on June 5th. Born in cals by famous authors of a few famous pub- Prague he came to Berlin in the early twenties All this would be sufficient reason for thanking where he wrote film reviews and scripted several hshers, and I am sure that most of us preferred Mr. Stephany on behalf of our community. How­ remarkable pictures, " Die freudlose Gasse" Arthur Schnitzler's " Reigen " to these not very ever, the bond between him and the AJR is even with Greta Garbo among them. He survived the ^^onvincing circular evaluations. stronger. Six years ago, when the work for the Nazi regime in India, and is now prominently on Old Age Homes started, a Management Com­ the staff of Hamburg's "Welt".—H. P. Juda, These doubts border on panic when it is now mittee was set up to deal with questions of general the turn of Robert Weltsch to be appraised by before 1933 on the staff of "Berhner Tageblatt" policy relating to their erection and administra­ and now owner and editor of " The Ambassador ", 'tis friends, since one would think that he, not tion, and Mr. Stephany has acted as its Chairman the textile export periodical in London, is 60 quite unlike Palma Kunkel, shares such mis­ since. Nothing is more apt to bind people years old. He is one of the largest collectors of givings to a very high degree, not from together than service in a constructive, common Sutherland paintings. jjnfounded modesty but from a true sense of task, and in the course of this collaboration a close, personal affection for Mr. Stephany has tuman dignity. There can, of course, be only been firmly established both among his AJR Home A'eic*;—Martin Miller, who is such a a few people who would be entitled to praise colleagues on the Management Committee and success in Paddy Chayefsky's "The Tenth hini which always includes a discreet assump­ among the members of the House Committees. Man", a modern version of the " Dybbuk" at tion of superiority. Since I do not see an the " Comedy", gave a reading of Karl Kraus Mr. Stephany is guided by a strong sense of on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the ^asy solution for this real dilemma I will talk justice and fairness ; even more important is the less of Robert Weltsch, but more of myself, author's death.—Robert Stolz' daughter, Clarissa compassion which he dedicates to the welfare of Stolz, will be in the B.B.C. T.V. series " Magnolia Wat IS of what I learned through him or from the older ones in our midst. Our heartfelt thanks Street" based on Louis Golding's novel.—Willi "tl. In about seven years of friendship I for all he has done for us are combined with the Frischauer's "' Sunday Telegraph" series about ame to understand more than ever before sincerest wishes for good health and further the most famous hotels of the world will be pub­ co-operation with him for many years to come. "tat the decline and fall of the Austro-Hun- lished as a book later on.—Gabriele Tergit's ganan monarchy was probably the greatest W.R. book " Flowers through the Ages " was published low sustained by a culture which in the by Oswald Wolff here.—Alex Natan, teacher in In paying tribute to him. SIR HENRY D'AVIGDOR Worcester, is editing a collection of 12 essays ^^epest sense could be called European. In GOLDSMID, M.P., Chairman of the Jewish Trust " Silver Renaissance " with Macmillan and a sport ni kT "°^ ^° remain too abstract " in such a Corporation, writes : year book " Stadion " in Basle.—Oswald Hafen- ignt as this," I will admit that I realised most Dear Mr. Stephany, richter was cutter of "The Guns of Navarone" ^. this in watching Robert Weltsch as the with Albert Lieven in the cast.—Peter llling will I^"?f of the Year Book of the Leo Baeck I hear that you are celebrating your seventy- be seen in the Anglo-German co-production of nstitute. Similar to the way in which the fifth birthday on June 6th, and it is a very great " Devil's Daffodil" directed by A. Ratony in arious parts of the " K. and K. monarchy " pleasure to me to send to you my best con­ London.—^Alfred H. Unger talked about the rov^i ^^^ together under the imperial and gratulations on this auspicious occasion. theatre on the Third Programme of B.B.C. i^i'I symbols, the essays of each year are I very well remember the terrible days in Obituary ; Paul Albert Geheeb, founder of the tion '^ into a whole by the editor's introduc- 1933 when the flrst flood of the Nazi fury was famous "Odenwald" school, died aged 91 in eve ^ '^^^' More Nevuchim. Nobody, how- unloosed. At that time, my father became tjjj^' should conclude from these surveys that Chairman of the Central British Fund and you Goldem (Switzerland).—Kurd E. Heyne died, aged ^^ editor himself regards every contribution its first Secretary. Many things have changed 55, in Basle. He was the only founder-member of in tl '"^sterpiece. His special strength is that, since that time, some for better, some for worse, the once-famous " Vier Nachrichter" cabaret.— Srin?^ tradition of his spiritual origin and pil- but one thing has been unwavering, and that is Gustav Ucicky, the Vienna-bom director of many which^*' ^^ siil>mits to the realities of life your devotion and zeal for our oppressed Ufa films, died, aged 61, in Hamburg.—Heinz and ^° teach us early enough that genius brethren in whatever land they find themselves. Lingen, actor, choreographer and director, died in War "^^'^ talent are always "eine Mangel- With the Jewish Trust Corporation nearing the Berlin.—Author of several historical novels, Hans faj^^. ' but at the same time he remains stead- end of its task, the material situation of those Friedrich Blunck, died, aged 72, in Hamburg. and •'" ^'* moral and intellectual judgement refugees who escaped from Germany has Com '^ °*^^'' '" this deceived by the fact that greatly improved, but it is typical that you News from Everyichere : Old-timer Willi to ay'•J^'^'ses have to be made if one wants should continue to interest yourself most deeply Schaeffcrs visited New York and gave 5. talk to With *^^ publication of symposium volumes in their welfare on top of all the other respon­ the members of the " New World Club ".—Kurt elabo ^"'"P'^tely blank pages. I will not sibilities you have since assumed. If my father Weill's widow, Lotte Lenya, returned home to New eiicvM^'^ on what this means in terms of were alive it would give him great satisfaction York after having finished her part in the film, "Bil^'^Psdic knowledge, ethical stamina, to know how high you stand in the esteem of "The Last Summer of Mrs. Stone", starring of ^"'^S schlechthin " and more than a touch our community. Vivien Leigh, in London.—Gottfried Reinhardt jusj .t^tcholic irony, for fear of committing went to Hollywood to negotiate his "Robinson least ^'° °^ which I have accused, or at With kindest personal regards. Crusoe " project which he will produce in Ger­ many. suspected, our small group. Yours sincerely, ' EDUARD ROSENBAUM. (signed) Henry D'Avigdor Goldsmid, PEM Page 8 AJR INFORMATION June, 1961

Luts Welttnann told is the short, revealing story of his few personal meetings with the latter), the new American writing of Thornton Wilder, and Thomas Wolfe or Eugene O'Neill; and the THE BEST OF JULIUS BAB messages from Germany (Zuckmayer, Hauptmann, Thomas Mann or Wolfgang Borchert) have in common the same understanding engendered by The best of Julius Bab ? " Hier stock' ich schon I" " coming of age " publication of a series which love. The heroine in Wilder's novel, "The Bridge Because this heading might be inappropriate for has presented us lately wi;h Wolfskehl's of San Luis Rey " is, Bab points out, the same as a selection from works containing so many good " Letters ", Nadel's and Mombert's " Poems " and in a play by Prosper M^rim^e. turned by Jacques things that one can hardly say one is better than works of some non-Jewjsh exiled and deceased Offenbach into a famous light opera. another. Julius Bab was a dramatic critic on an writers, such as Ocar Loerke's " Diaries ", Alfons American newspaper published in the German Paquet's " Poems "—once quite a novel achieve­ Julius Bab was an upright Jew, an attitude which language, the New Yorker Siaaiszeitung. His work ment, half forgotten now—and Albrecht Schaffer's never conflicted with his sentiments as a German. on the Siaatszeitung followed that for the Aufbau interesting study " Mythos "". The end of the " symbiosis" must have been a (about American hterature), thus re-establishing truly tragic experience for him. When it came the reputation he had gained on the Berliner The selection was made by one of Bab's many admirers. Professor Harry Bergholz. and intro'- " Rabbi" Bab " comforted" his people in his Volkszeitung after working on the Welt am duced by C. F. W. Behl in an appreciation both cultural activities for the Judischer Kullurbund. Montag. He was fortunate in this respect. wise and human. It would have been impossible However, one thing was persistently denied to to include all Bab's numerous books in the him during the seventy-five years of his life; selection, if it were to remain within a reasonable academic honours. He was passed by. and it did scope. A choice would have placed the editors " SUCCESS—BUT NO EFFECT " not matter much. Not only did he not complete in an additional dilemma: there are the mono­ his university studies, either for financial reasons, graphs on Basseimann and Kayssler; the study The New Cult of Kurt Tuchotsky or because of his early fame as a writer, or both. about the romantic spirit and its overcoming ; When an honorary degree was to be bestowed on " Fortinbras""; the portraits of Bedin and Vien­ One of the oddest literary and cultural him after his first triumphal lecturing tour through nese actors and actresses ; the " Mensch auf der phenomena among the younger generation in Germany after the war. his friends and admirers BUhne", dealing with the relationship between Germany is the revived interest in Kurt could not see it through. He was always thought acting and the essence of drama. of and referred to as " Doctor Bab "—the word Tucholsky; it might almost be called a cult. being used in its original meaning of " Rabbi" I first met Bab when I borrowed a book of his Why odd ? Because with all his great qualities (teacher); he looked indeed as we imagine a (then, as it is now, out of print). " Neue Kritik as a writer, sentinel and prophet, he never " Rabbi" would, his beard, however, being also der Buhne" for my doctorial thesis, as its piece aspired to lasting fame ; deeply concerned with that of an anarchist. He wrote in commemoration de resistance was a fundamental treatise: "Die the dangers of the day, the approaching doom of Richard Dehmel, Gustav, Landauer and Erich sprachkiinstlerischen Wurzeln des Dramas" (The of the Weimar Republic through militarism Miihsam. Bab's oration after Landauer's death Dialogic Roots of Drama). Later I was to become at the " Volksbiihne" in Berlin is my earliest his colleague on Rudolf Mosse's Volkszeitung. and Nazism, he belonged to the worid of the unforgettable memory of him. I was still a sixth- Our partnership had a somewhat uneasy start. late 'twenties and early 'thirties. The new cult might be more understandable had Tucholsky former—or a budding student. The " People's 1 was, at first, a bit overawed by such close Theatre" was his dearest and, at the same time, work with a man who had become almost a achieved at least partly what he set out to do: his problem child. "mythical" figure for me. Yet he soon became to rally a substantial body of decent-minded, thinking Germans around the flag of liberty. It would have given Bab great satisfaction had a good companion as a colleague, though fifteen he still been alive to see " Deutsche Akademie fiir years my senior, sharing with me generously the But. to quote his own words: he had " success Sprache und Dichtung ", Darmstadt, printed on the spoils of the week's "First Nights" and making but no effect". Are his warnings topical again edition of his selected writings from 1902 to 1955, me review the other performances, working as his today ? And will they be heeded better in our in homage to his eightieth birthday. " Ueber den substitute for all his provincial papers as well, time? Tag hinaus—Kritische Betrachtungen "* is the whenever he was on his lecturing tours. This happened quite often, as it suited his temperament, Rowohlt, his publisher then and now, has • Lambert Schneider. Heidelberg. 360 pases. DM. 18.50. and he liked fhe unique opportunity to see Ger­ many's landscape and a cross-section of her done his utmost to boost Tucholsky's works in population. new editions ; and for those who want to know rnore about Tucholsky's life, Rowohlt has pub­ lished an excellent pocket-book monography Writer and Lecturer (" Kurt Tucholsky in Selbstzeugnissen und KELLERGEIST Bilddokuinenten ", by Klaus-Peter Schulz). With a mind always receptive to new things but ADVISES A.J.R. READERS never a fanatic, an avant-gardiste, like Herbert It gives the full story of the man and writer Ihering or his English counterpart, Kenneth Tynan, from his birth in 1890, as the son of a well-to- he was at one with me in his sympathies for do Jewish business man in Beriin, to his suicide, what is " Ueber den Tag hinaus'". We soon just 25 years ago (Decemher 21, 1935), near the became real friends. The excellent compromise castle of Gripsholm in Sweden. Twenty-two made by ihe editors was to select from the cut­ years old, he writes the best-seller of its period, tings Julius Bab consistently kept of his contribu­ tion to newspapers and periodicals. The editors Rheinsberg (does this really appeal to young were the first to discover that there was so readers today, I wonder ?); Siegfried Jacob­ amazingly little chaff among the wheat. He relied sohn " discovers" him, guides him, shapes him solely on his journalism, together with his lectur­ as an essayist for his Schaubiihne, later Welt- ing and his books, to make a living. Thus he had biihe. Soon after getting his Dr. jur., Tuohols- to write quite a lot and his dramatic reviews w^re ky is drafted into the army and emerges from not infrequently written in a hurry. The selections World War I, an implacable anti-militarist. A convey to us the catholicity of his taste, his wide interests and his unsurpassed memory. His was two year interval as editor of Ulk, the satirical a profound scholarship, particularly in the entire supplement of the Berliner Tageblatt, is fol­ field of drama and the theatre, including the film lowed by a short apprenticeship in a Beriin and the open-air theatre. He knew that in God's banking firm. house there were many mansions and he developed that spirit of artistic tolerance which prevented From 1924 to the end of his life Tucholsky all one-sidedness. His lively curiosity was equal lives in Berlin only as an occasional visitor; to his gifts of admiration and wonder. He was a his home is Paris, and from 1929 Sweden. This Choose Hallgarten— contemporary who, in Kurt Pinthus's words, saw is a fact which many of his admirers tend to more theatrical performances than any critic of his time, and he preserved this habit from the days forget: his comments in verse and brilliaft Choose Fine Wines of Eleonora Duse and Agnes Sorma to Jean-Louis prose on the rising tide of barbarism in Get" Barrault and Gustav Griindgens. Bab was in a many came from a man in voluntary exile, not Ask for them by name! position both to compare and to judge. He was from an on-the-spot observer. After Siegfried* thrilled by the fact that Jean Paul Sartre's hero Jacobsohn's death he took over the editorship in " Le Diable et le Bon Dieu" was no other of the Weltbiihne, but for no more than ten If you have any diHlcuity in finding than Gotz von Berlichingen. Besides Bab's criti­ months; then he preferred to retum to his exile cisms of individual authors and their works, we HALLGARTEN wines, write to us enjoy in this selection his discussions of principles without responsibility, leaving the journal to for assistance such as "What is Criticism ? " (an etemal question, Cari von Ossietzky, who gave his freedom, a"^ never more topical, nor more necessary than eventually his life, to the cause for which today). " Why Poetry ? " or " Can a Work of he, Tucholsky, and the Weltbiihne stood. S. F. & 0. HALLGARTEN Poetry become Out-dated ? " The pocket-book is very well illustrated with 1, Crutched Friars, London, E.C.B Bab's catholic approach to literature is seen in pictures of Tucholsky and the people in his life- his mental grasp of Loerke's and Zuckmayer's poems, as well as of Goethe and Shaw (modestly EGON LARSEN. AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 Page 9

Der Verltisl der Freiheit im Kerker: " Der Schlaf wird Wachen, wie das Wachen Traum, TWO COLLECTIONS OF POETRY indem ich lausche spiir ich durch die Wiinde/das Beben vieler briiderlichen Hande." Und selbst Or his disputations with Christ: die Entlassung aus dem Kerker bringt keine VERSES OF A NONCONFORMIST Linderung. Denn " Wird der nachste Kerker I met Christ in the street this afternoon, Heimat geben, wird das nachste Zuchthaus lieber Jews, the rebels of world history, eternal non­ A Uttle, broken, feeble, aged Jew, conformists, glorious disputants and minority sein ? " Who in the heat of day was like the moon. Die Martern und Qualen und der Tod: " Wir jninds, have become conformists in the second Gentle and sad. half of the twentieth century. The first and second mussen jetzt das Sterben lemen wie eine Schiiler- act of Wesker's " Chicken Soup with Barley " is It was not Christ, say you ? lektion." " Und jede Stunde hat tausend Henker- endlessly repeated : First, Whitechapel seething You know him, and he lives in the same street beile." with Jewishness, religious and secular, SociaUst As you and I ? Selbstmord: " Da warfen sie sich auf die and Zionist, Hebrew and Yiddish—and then Schienen, da hingen sie sich auf im Baum: /es middle class, middle of the way. flats somewhere Yet I repeat gab die Mutter Erde ihnen/nur fiir den Aschenrest m North-West London. It was Christ I met at noon today. noch Raum." A small still voice, a slim volume of poems, For all our Jewish race is Christ, I say. Hunger vertierl: "Brot rettet mich/Brot totet an unobtrusive title* has appeared, but in this slim Christ has descended from his golden cross. dich. /Brot, das du deinem Bruder entrangst,/vor volume are questions, are doubts, there is faith He lives in our street, a poor broken Jew. Hunger und Angst." and rebellion. These poems are not written by a He is tired of your polish and your gloss. Liige und Betrug: " Jahre und Jahre war unsere Western Jew, by a German Jew ; they are written And the hypocrisy of you. tagliche Nahrung die Liige." by a survivor of that part of Jewry which kept I know today, in noon-day heat, Fluchl und Verlust der Heimat: " Verfehmt Judaism alive as a living faith, for which Jewish­ It was Christ, the Jew, I met in the street. sind wir, vertrieben,/von allem was wir lieben./ ness was never " a problem " but Ufe itself, wliich There are other poems, poems of love and life gehetzt von Land zu Lande,/als hatten wir die was not dependent on the culture of its Gentile and getting old and time and death, songs about Schande,/die uns geschah, veriibt." "Wo wird das environment for theatre, paintings, music, writing, Tallith and Tephilin, about Sabbath and Syna­ Bett sein, darin du verreckst,/und-ob es ein Bett which, within its Yiddish-speaking community, gogue, but I am quoting only this confession of a ist ?" found laughter and tears, bUss and depression, minority mind in toto: Leben in der Fremde und Verlust der Sprache : the ups and downs of human existence. " Wir mussen von aUem scheiden,/was Kindheit The first generation who left the ghetto was You have been drinking too much wine. uns und Wachstum war/wir sollen selbst die bursting with the same vitality that the Renais­ You are all drunk. Sprache meiden./die unserm Herzen Wort gebar." sance brought to the Europeans—think of Heine. When you wake from your exultation. " Kein deutsches Wort hab ich so lang gesprochen,/ Marx and Bergson. and of Arthur Miller among You will find your dream shrunk. ich gehe schweigend durch das fremde Land./ an astonishing crowd of American Jewish writers. This small land Vom Brot der Sprache blieben nur die Brocken,/ It is not by chance that so many English Jews Held a greater dream. die ich verstreut in meinen Taschen fand." " Bitter nave become articulate in EngUsh now. Joseph Vast as the wide world— ist es, das Brot der Fremde zu essen./bittrer noch t-eftwich, the author of " Years FoUowing After " God's Holy name. das Gnadenbrot/und dem Nachsten eine Last zu stands between ; he still has one foot in Yiddish, sein." "Ich spreche viele Sprachen,/verlern sie one foot in Whitechapel. He can sing the praises This small land was larger wiederum./Fiir das was wir ertragen./sind alle of his English teacher : When I first came here. Sprachen stumm." I shape my letters as you shaped them. I stood where the Temple had stood, Einsamkeit: " Und unter Tausenden bin ich I joined Jews there at prayer. lausendmal allein." I speak my words as you used to do. Vernichtung des Rechtes: " Sie stahlen mit dem Your line of Lincoln EngUshry Now this is a Jewish land. Recht das Schwert./Sie stahlen mit dem Schwert Went deep into this Whitechapel Jew. But I must not go to the Wailing Wall. das Recht." My Yiddish and Hebrew, my Jewishness, This small land has shrunk. Vernichlung des Geistes: " Keine Probe ward Are the firm foot on which I stand. Become very small. schlechter bestanden." " Wer will die Reinen von But you made me also native here. den Schuldigen scheiden ?/Und welcher Reine hat At home in our English land. Can we Jews survive without a world-wide oream ? A dream, which, in many variations, has sich nicht befleckt ? "—" Ist noch das Schone I speak English words as you spoke them. schon in dieser Zeit,/die Recht zu Unrecht macht. I write them as you wrote conquered the bigger part of the world ? " This small land has shrunk, has become viry small." Gewalt zu Recht?/Ach. wenn die Stimme der This Whitechapel Jew has his mind full Gequalten weitwelt schreit,/bleibt dann das Gute Of your English thought. GABRIELE TERGIT gut noch und das Schlechte schlecht ? " ^r "On a small East End Street" where Selig Tod der Freunde und der Ndchsten : " Bedenkt: nrodetsky lived and Jabotinsky published his den eigenen Tod. den stirbt man nur,/doch mit Tribune " ; DEUTSCHLANDS DUNKLE JAHRE IM dem Tod der andern muss man leben."—" Aber There was an age when we were young, who wo ich auch gehe, flattern die dunkeln Gewander are now dead or die. GEDICHT der Toten um mich." Who knows this street was here, But I ? Das jiidische Sonderschicksol: " Fraget nicht:

Cohen hatte seine "Logik der reinen Erkennt­ nis" auf mathematischer Grundlage aufgebaut, Biographical Portraits und mein Vater, als Mathematiker in Strassburg, beschaeftigte sich viel mit den philosophischen Problemen der Mathematik. So hatten Beide ^ ALICE SALOMON Nazizeit der Name " Alice Salomon-Schule" ein gemeinsames wissenschaftliches Interessenge­ gegeben wurde. Sie wurde das Vorbild fUr vielo biet. So oft bei den haeufigen Besuchen Cohen's Ihr Leben und Werk weitere Ausbildungsstatten dieser Art und wirkte in Strassburg mein Vater ihn fragte, ob ihm eine Zu den juedischen Frauen, die fuer Deufsch­ auch auf die Reform der MSdchenschuIen im gerade neu erschienene Abhandlung auf ihrem land bleibende Werte geschaffen haben, gehoerte Jahre 1908 ein. In einem Nachruf auf AUce Grenzgebiet von diesem oder jenem Autor auch Alice Salomon. Sie starb im Jahre 1948 in Salomon sagte Professor PoUigkeit: " Sie gehdrte bekannt sei oder ihn interessiere, antwortete New York. Im Mai 1937 war sie aus Deutschland zur Generation der Vorkampferinnen fUr das Cohen jeweils nur mit der stereotypen Gegen- ausgewiesen worden. Bis zuletzt litt sie darunter, Frauenstudium. Aber sie hat nicht nur fUr Rechto frage : " Zitiert er mich ?" dass sie in ihrem Geburtsland nicht mehr weiter- gekampft, sondem vor allem fur Pflichten, wie die Cohen war tief im Judentum verwurzelt, mit wirken konnte. Obwohl sie frueher als Besucherin Zulassung der Frau als Armenpflegerin, ja, wie dessen Problemen er sich bekanntlich wissenschaft­ in Amerika gefeiert worden war—"die Leute Uberhaupt zu jeder Form menschUcher Hilfe, sie lich intensiv befasst hat; tragischerweise hatte er haben mir einst ein Bankett gegeben ", sagte sie schuf den Beruf der Fiirsorgerin." Sie gab gerade in Marburg, das ihm soviel schuldete, einmal in Verbitterung—fand sie dort kein Grundlagen, die weiterwirkten und jetzt nach der manchmal schwer unter Antisemitismus zu leiden. entsprechendes Wirkungsfeld. zerstSrenden Nazi-Zeit wieder aufgenommen und Aber auch seine Reisen waren infolge seines Das Sammelwerk, von dem ich hier berichte,* ist ausgestaltet wurden. Es sei in diesem Zusam­ unverkennbar juedischen Aussehens nicht immer. von dem " Deutschen Verein fur Oeffentliche und menhang auch auJ die ZentralwohlfahrtssteUe frei von ZwischenfaeUen. Folgendes Geschehnis Private Fiirsorge" herausgegeben worden, um der Juden in Deutschland, E.V. hingewiesen. wird hierdurch verstaendlich : Alice Salomons Bild durch eine DarsteUung ihres Den verschiedensten sozialen Bestrebungen Hermann Cohen mit Frau, meine Eltern und Lebens und Wirkens lebendig zu erhalten, schenkte Alice Salomon ihr Interesse, ihre Arbeit ich besichtigten am Spaetnachmittag im Frueh­ besonders auch um die jiingere Generation der erstreckte sich, um ein paar Beispiele zu geben, jahr 1904 das roemische Forum. In der Daem- heutigen Sozialarbeiterinnen mit der bahnbrechen- auf die Verbesserung der Lage der Heimar- merung sahen wir einen Italiener von fem, heftig den PersonUchkeit ihres Arbeitsgebietes bekannt beiterinnen, die BegrUndung von Arbeiterinnen- und drohend gestikulierend, auf uns zukommen, zu machen. Hier in England leben sicherlich noch heimen, auf den " Mutterschutz". Besonders der uns etwas zurief, das wie " Sie Jude " klang. manche, die zu Alice Salomons Schulerinnen wichtig waren ihre Beziehungen zu internationalen " Jetzt sehen Sie es selbst" sprach ex mit gehorten. Sie werden sich gleich mir beim Lesen Kreisen, die ihr durch verschiedene offizielle pathetisch erhobener Stimme "nicht einmal hier der lebendig gesqhriebenen Biographie (von Dora Vertretungen auf inlandischen und auslandischen an dieser historisch geheiligten Staette bleibt man Peyser) in alte Zeiten zurUckversetzt fUhlen und Kongressen und auf Tagungen des Bundes von antisemitischen Poebeleien verschont". Der bei der Durchsicht des biographischen Personen- Deutscher Frauenvereine ergaben. Nach dem Italiener aber, der inzwischen naehergekommen verzeichnisses (bearbeitet von Carl Ludwig Krug ersten Weltkrieg suchten die leitenden poUtischen war, entpuppte sich als ein harmloser Waerter, von Nidda) viele frUhere Bekannte und vielleicht Personlichkeiten Deutschlands sich ihre Bezie­ der uns nur auf die Sperrstunde des Forums auf­ Kolleginnen finden und iiber deren Schicksal hungen zwecks Neuanbahnung mit dem Ausland merksam machen wollte. Sein Zuruf hatte auch erfahren. Der in dem Buche veroffentlichte nutzbar zu machen. Zum Schluss seien noch die nichts mit Rassenhass zu tun, sondern lautete ; Abschnitt aus den Lebenserinnerungen Alice sozial-wissenschaftlichen Studien erwahnt, die " Si chiude ", auf deutsch " man schliesst ". Salomons' (aus dem Englischen von Emmy Wolff Alice Salomon unteraahm und publizierte, nach­ Zum 70. Geburtstag hat im Auftrage der Ubersetzt) dtirfte uns alle hier interessieren, die wir dem sie im Jahre 1906 ihr Doctor-Examen an der Schueler und Freunde Max Liebermann eine viel zu wenig vom Lebensstil der hoher situierten BerUner Universitat—^mit 34 Jahren—ablegte, da Radierung von Cohen gemacht, die mit sparsamen Kreise Englands um die Jahrundertwende wissen. es sich ihr ergeben hatte, dass sie sich bei ihrem Strichen wundervoU das unerhoert Bedeutende Alice Salomon beschreibt ihre Besuchsreisen zu vielseitigen Schaffen nicht langer mit der ein­ seines Kopfes wiedergibt, aber auch zugleich die Lady Aberdeen, mit der sie durch Zusammentreffen fachen Grundlage der " HSheren Tfichterschule " guetigen und humorvollen Zuege zeigt, die seinem und gemeinsame Arbeit auf internationalen Kon- begnugen konne. Wesen eigen waren. gressen freundschaftlich verbunden war. Sie Wenn auch die in diesem Buch veroffentlichten Fuer die Art seines Humors ein Beispiel : besuchte die Aberdeens zuerst in Schottland und ausgewahlten Schriften und Vortrage Alice Anschliessend an Cohen's Buch ueber " Die Ethik spater in Kanada, wo Lord Aberdeen von 1893 Salomons die Bedeutung ihrer PersonUchkeit des reinen Willens " entspann sich eine Diskussion bis 1898 Generalstatthalter war (Lord High Com­ zeigen, so werden sie von einem weiteren darueber, ob und wieweit das Gluecksspiel als missioner). Die ebenso interessant wie amiisant Leserkreis nur als historische Dokumente zu unethisch anzusehen und zu brandmarken sei, die geschriebene Schilderung ist sehr lesenswert. bewerten sein. Fur studierende Sozialarbeiter der Weise von Marburg mit dem mir unvergess­ bleiben sie jedoch daruber hinaus wichtig, da Alice lich gebliebenen Ausspmch beendete : " Das AUce Salomon wurde am 19 April 1872 in Salomons tiefe Erfassung der ethischen Seite des Berlin geboren. Dass es in " Berlin W " war und Spielen ist nicht unmoralisch, nur das Verlieren"- Berufes ihnen als Vorbild dienen kann. Von den WILHELM MENO SIMON in einer wohlhabenden FamiUe ist nicht unwesent- behandelten Themen seien hier nur ein paar lich fiir ihre Entwicklung. Auch dass sie in ihrer herausgegriffen: Mutterschutz und Mutterschafts- Kindheit nicht zu einem bewussten Judentum versicherung (1908)—Die sittlichen Grundlagen und A NEW BRUNO WALTER BIOGRAPHY gefuhrt wurde, ist von Bedeutung, da sie von Ziele der Wohlfahrtspflege (1921)—Das Verhaltnis Natur ein starkes Bediirfnis nach ReUgiositat der Kirche zu den Sozialarbeitern (1923)— All those for whom Bruno Walter's name is empfand, das zu Hause nicht befriedigt wurde. Forschungen uber Bestand und Erschutterung der linked with unforgettable musical experiences will Dies mag sie spater zu ihrem Uebertritt zum Familie in der Gegenwant (1932). welcome a generously illustrated biography of the Chrisfentum veranlasst haben. Ihre Erziehung und conductor which has appeared in the " Rembrandt- LebensfUhrung entsprach dem in jener Zeit NELLY WOLFFHEIM Reihe "*. The author (who is the music critic of UebUchen, stand aber im Gegensatz zu ihrem " Aufbau ") does not conceal his enthusiasm for his personlichen Drang nach einer sinnvollen Tatig­ EINIGE ERINNERUNGEN AN subject, and he rightly emphasises the fulness qf keit. Schon friih erkannte sie unter dem Einfluss HERMANN COHEN Walter's personality as it manifests itself in his von Jeannette Schwerin, der Vertreterin des friendship with the leading literary men of his damals neuen " Sozialen Gedankens ", wie wichtig time, in his own profound writings and, above " Zwei Knaben gingen einen Weg, all, in his spiritual approach to his art. It >« es sei den im allgemeinen noch nicht berufstatigen Sie gingen beide ins Kolleg, Tftchtern der bemittelten Kreise einen Lebensinhalt fascinating to follow the course of Walter's UK Keiner verstand ein Wort davon, from the early revelations of an unusual talent in zu geben. Die " Madchen- und Frauengruppen Denn das Kolleg las Hermann Cohen " the Berlin schoolboy to the heights of intemational fUr soziale Hilfsarbeit" hatten sich dieses Ziel fame ; one only regrets that no direct mention ts gesetzt und wollten gleichzeitig den bestehenden Diese Knittelverse entstammten den Kreisen der made of Walter's Jewish origin, especially in a Flirsorgeeinrichtungen helfende Mitarbeiterinnen Universitaet Marburg, an der Cohen von 1876 book for German readers ! The set of illustra­ zufilhren. Es gait auch, der sogenannten bis 1912 gelehrt hat. Der "Weise von Marburg", tions, extending from childhood photos to the " Wohltatigkeit" von oben her entgegenzuarbeiten wie Cohen im Laufe der Jahre betitelt wutxle, present time, will give much pleasure ; it includes durch Vorbereitung junger Madchen und Frauen war der Begruender der " Marburger Philoso- many characteristic "shots" of the conductor at auf zu tiberaehmende Pflichten den unbemittelten phenschule", ihm sowie seinem getreuen Mitar­ work, and there is a particularly exciting souvenir Schichten gegenUber. Hingabe war nStig, woUte beiter Natorp verdankte die Marburger Univer­ photo, taken, I think, at the 1930 Berlin Festival, man sich als nUtzlich erweisen. Alice Salomon sitaet den Ruf, die fuehrende philosophische which recalls past glories by showing Walter m gab einmal der Meinung Ausdruck, dass der Fakultaet Deutschlands zu besitzen. the company of Toscanini, Kleiber, Klemperer, religiose Gedanke die Grundlage der sozialen Ob Cohen's Kollegs wirklich so unverstaend­ and Furtwaengler. ^ Arbeit sei. Beim Lesen ihrer Biographie erschien lich waren, ist fuer mich als Laien, der zudem es mir, als sei die soziale Arbeit ihr selbst Religion nie eine Vorlesung von ihm gehoert hat, schwer H. W. FREYHAN. gewesen. Als Vorsitzende der Hilfsgruppen gelang zu beurteilen, aber anscheinend war es durcbaus • Artur Holde : Brano Waller. Rembrandt-Verlag. Berlin- es ihr, einen grossen Kreis von begeisterten Mitar­ nicht immer leicht, seinen tiefgrUndigen philoso­ I960. DM. 4.80. beiterinnen um sich zu sammein; dass diese phischen Gedankengaengen zu folgen. Mein vorherrschend JUdiimen waren, sei nebenbei Vater pflegte von Cohen, mit dem ihn eine lang­ bemerkt. jaehrige Freundschaft verband, zu sagen, dass es Aus der freiwilligen Mitarbeit entwickelte sich ihm gelungen ist, einen erklaerenden Kommentar bei vielen der Wunsch, die Tatigkeit zu einer zu Kant's Werken zu verfassen, der noch unver­ ^^mMMi beruflichen Arbeit zu machen, und so kam es staendlicher als Kant selber ist. zur Begrundung der ersten Sozialen Studienan- Die Freundschaft mit meinem Vater geht Wir kaufen Einzelwerke, Bibliotheken, stalt in Deutschland, der spater vor und nach der urspmengUch auf meine Grossmutter muetter- Autographen und moderne Graphik licherseits zurueck, die den damals noch Direktor: Dr. Joseph Suschifzky • AUce SaloBon. Die Bcfracnderfn dcs sodalcn Franen- 38a BOUNDARY ROAD, LONDON, N.W.S berafi la DentscUaad. Carl Heymanns Verlai, Kdlo-Berlin. unbekannten jungen juedischen Philosophen zum DM. 15.80. Hauslehrer meiner Mutter bestellte. Telephone: MAI. 3Q.1Q -= AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 Page 11

^ax Auerbach DR. SIEGFRIED M. AUERBACH 75 SOth ANNIVERSARY OF THE STUDENTS' On July 8 Dr. Siegfried M. Auerbach will celebrate his 75th birthday. Bom in Frankfurt (Main), he was associated with the " Metallgesell- FRATERNITY F.W.V. schaft A.G." from 1904 to 1933. Without having Eighty years have now passed since at the but also in all spheres of the social and poUtical been a full-time student he passed his examination University of Berlin a Students' Fraternity was life of Germany. as Doctor of Law at Giessen University, where lormed to fight for social, cultural, and political " Unity, Justice and Freedom " was the motto he was only formaUy inscribed. In his capacity tj'^cdom agamst injustice and prejudice. It was inscribed on their blue, red and white ffag which as Director of the " Metallgesellschaft" he took a the time when fanatic Jew-haters like Adolf signified the progressive and democratic ideal responsible and widely recognised part in the Moecker, Liebermann v. Sonneberg, Ahlwardt of the academic world and attracted some of the reconsolidation of ithat big enterprise after the |nd Wilhelm Marr, who invented the word anti- best names in the field of German science, art end of fhe German inflation. He came fo this ^?mitism and used it in 1879 for the first time in and literature. The universities were represented country in 1935, where for 13 years he held a his anti-Jewish pamphlets, preached the Gospel by Virchow, Mommsen and Lasson, who became position with Dr. Paul Schwarzkopf's companies. of Race Prejudice and based the anti-Jewish the first honorary members, and were later joined His wide interests include the propagation of Movement on religious and national grounds. In by Liszt, Boeckh, Riesser, Foerster, Krauss and auxiliary intemational languages (Esperanto, Ido), March, 1881, this movement culminated in a Kahl. One of the present active members is the and he has the publication of a German-Ido petition against the Jews which was subscribed Nobel Prize winner. Professor Krebs. who will dictionary to his credit. "y 300,000 signatories and submitted to Bismarck, be the guest of honour at the jubilee banquet. *ho, by the way, although sympathising with its Among its members and supporters we find, In the Jewish sphere Dr. Auerbach has rendered tendency and objectives never answered it. The apart from other pubUc figures, the poets and signal services by his genealogical works on Ihe petition called, inter alia, for the restriction of writers Otto Erich Hartleben, Johannes Schlaf, Auerbach family (progenitor Rabbi Abraham Jewish immigration, the wholesale dismissal of Otto Neumann-Hofer, who was a member of the Auerbach of Bonn) and the Loewenthals of Laden­ Jewish civil servants and teachers and the intro­ first Board, Gerhart Hauptmann, Heinz Tovote, burg, from whom he also descends. Both work? duction of special statistics on Jews as precur- Hermann Sudermann, Walter Hasenclever, and may .be counted among the best works in the ^°/y measures for further inroads on the status Hans Xos6 Rehfisch. Of the members who field of German-Jewish family research, due to ( y_^^^^^ Jewry with a view to eliminating most attained high Government and administrative their accuracy, completeness, and layout. How­ ot the results of their emancipation. ever, they are more than the result of many oflices. Dr. Otto Landsberg, Paul Hirsch, Hans years' painstaking labours: the author's wide In spite of stem warnings and solemn pro­ Schrnieder and Bernhard Weiss may be Jewish knowledge has also played a decisive part clamations against race hatred and anti-Jewish mentioned. in making this achievement possible. ''leasures voiced by iUustrious representatives of From Berlin, the movement of the F.W.V. the cultural, intellectual and scientific Ufe of spread to the Universities of Heidelberg, Muen­ Dr. Auerbach's loyally to his Frankfurt origin "-•erniany and notwithstanding a strong public chen, Frankfurt, Breslau, Freiburg, and Hamburg, is reflected in his deep understanding for the condemnation of anti-Semitism by the then Crown where students associations under the same name structure of this once-flourishing community. We J^rince Friedrich, the anti-Jewish doctrine spread were formed, all being united under fhe Federa­ only wish he would write down some of the among the academic youth and found its way tion of F.W.V. Fraternities. innumerable Frankfurt anecdotes which he "to the lecture halls of the Berlin University In the course of this month members of these recounts with so much gusto and wit. Needless wnere a fertile ground was prepared by the teach- fraternities now dispersed all over the world and to say that a man of his background and interests jngs of Professor Treitschke, and subsequently led their friends, will come together in London,* also takes an active part in the work of organisa­ {o the foundation of the anti-Semitic "Verein New York, Tel Aviv, Buenos Aires, Berlin, and tions such as the B'nai B'rith and the AJR, a L>eutscher Studenfen ". other places fo celebrate the memorable occasion member of whose Board he has been for many of the 80th anniversary of the birth of their great years. m- j'^ challenge was taken up by the liberal- movement, looking back to past glories, but well fninded part of the Bedin students. Under the alive fo the fact that in face of the turbulent While his family research made him trace the nspiring leadership of Max Spangenberg and state of affairs in many parts of the world there generations which had preceded him, he and his 'th the active support of Professor Virchow is sfill the opportunity and the need fo carry wife have the good fortune of living to see the ana Professor Mommsen, more than 100 on the fight for unify, justice, and freedom. fourth generation of their own family. For both nristian and Jewish students formed an associa- of them their grandchildren and great-grandchil­ "on .called 'T.W.V." ("Freie WissenschaftUche * As readers will have seen from our February issue, the dren have been a constant source of joy which, it jy^':^"t'gung") to fight the scourge of racial pre- function in London will be held on June 24th at the Kensing­ is hoped, they may be granted for many years to ton Palace Hotel. Interested readers should contact the Fr H ^ '° strive for Unity, Justice and London Chairman. Dr. Eric Gould, 18 Old Manor Court. come in undiminished vouthfulness, vigour, and reedom, not only in the realm of scholarship N.W.S. health.

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W.l 76, Wells Street, 32-34, Great Pulteney London W.l Street, Tel.: LANgham 3264/0878 (PJB.X.) ^rajns.: FLEXATEX LONDON, TELEX. London, W.l INT. TELEX 2-3540 Page 12 AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 OBITUARY JUDEN IN HESSEN Es mag 1927 oder 1928 gewesen sein, als DR. F. R. BIENENFELD PEREZ FRITZ NAPHTALI / F.L.St, (eine Abkiirzung, hinter der sich der Jews from Austria, now scattered all over the Dr. Perez Fritz Naphfali died in Tel Aviv, aged ehemalige Miinsteraner Rabbiner Dr. Fritz L. Stein­ world, will receive with deep sorrow the news of 73. In Germany he was one of the leading thal, jetzt Buenos Aires, verbirgt) fUr den 2. Band Dr. Franz Rudolf Bienenfeld's passing on May economic experts of the Social Democratic Party. 15th. due to heart disease. des " Jiidischen Lexikons " das Stichwort " Hes­ He was on the editorial stafl" of the Frankfurter sen " verfassfe, einen historischen Abriss, der auch Born in 1886 and a graduate of Vienna Uni­ Zeitung from 1921 fo 1927 and from then onwards versity, Dr. Bienenfeld became, soon after he head of the Trade Union research office for einige statistische Angaben enthait. Seitdem ist started in practice, one of the most prominent economic questions in Berlin. Dr. Naphtali was iiber die Juden in Hessen nicht mehr allzu viel members of the Austrian legal profession. His associated with the Zionist Movement long before Zusammenfassendes vor allem auf bevolkerungs- penetrating mind, legal acumen and grasp of 1933, and settled in Israel (then Palestine) in 1935. statistischem Gebiet erschienen. essentials, and his power of persuasive oratory, There he lectured at fhe Haifa Technion and the made him one of the most-sought-after Viennese Tel Aviv High School for Law and Economics. Hessen ist. historisch, zu einem dehnbaren lawyers, whose counsel was in demand by the Later on he became Director of the Workers' Begriff geworden. Das heutige (Bundes-) Land ist Government, banks and industry alike. His erudi­ Bank. He also exerted great influence on the 1945 durch die Zusammenfassung preussischer und tion was stupendous ; it ranged from music (in his work of the Histadrut. When the State of Israel hessischer Gebietsteile entstanden. Wenn in der young years he alternated with his sister as music was founded he became a member of the Israeli in diesen Wochen der Oeffentlichkeit tibergebenen critic of a widely read Viennese daily) and psycho­ ParUament. From 1952 to 1959 he was Minister Schrift •• Hessen im Wandel der letzten hundert logy to economics. At the height of his success of Agriculture, and afterwards for a short time Jahre—1860-1960", dem dritten Band der vom as a lawyer, he suddenly decided to give up his Minister of Welfare. He was also a member of Hessischen Statistischen Landesamt, Wiesbaden, practice for a time and retired to Switzerland to the Tel Aviv Municipal Council from 1937 herausgegebenen " Hessen-Kunde ", bevolkerungs- onwards. Dr. Naphtali was always aware of the statistische Entwicklungen und Tatsachen darge­ write a book entitled " Haftungen ohne Verschul­ stellf werden, so gelten diese fiir das innerhalb den ", which became a classic in fhis difficult field special problems of his fellow-immigrants from Germany and was one of the founders and a der heutigen hessischen Staatsgrenzen liegende of legal theory. This and other of his works, Gebiet. Auf die Zeif vor 1945 zuriickgehende e.g., " The Germans and the Jews ", " Rediscovery Board member of their organisation, the Irgun Oley Merkaz Europa. The wide recognition he Vergleichszahlen sind auf den jetzigen Gebiets­ of Justice ", " The Religion of the Non-Religious stand umgerechnet. Jews ", reflect the wide range of his interests. had gained in Israel was reflected in the funeral Dr. Bienenfeld's active participation in Jewish address deUvered by Prime Minister Ben-Gurion. Die in dem Buch enthalfene tabellarische Ueber­ affairs dated from the formation of the World sicht, in der die Bevolkerung seit 1871 nach der Jewish Congress, and in his own field, law, he ReUgionszugehorigkeit aufgegliedert ist, spiegelt, rapidly rose to the forefront of the W.J.C. leader­ ' DR. OTTO SIMON was den judischen Bevolkerungsteil angeht. die ship ; the last years of the war saw him immersed ziffernmassige Entwicklung, den Aufstieg und den in the problems of restitution, compensation and A few weeks afier his 88th birthday, which we rapiden Niedergang des deutschen Judentums heirless property. He was a member of the marked by a tribute in our April issue. Dr. Otto besonders krass wider, weil Hessen vor 1933 mit Board of fhe United Restitution Organisation and Simon (formerly Magdeburg) passed away. He mehr als 2% eine weit grossere judische Bevol­ of fhe Jewish Trust Corporation for Germany. was a representative of the best type of what was kerung hatle als, im Durchschnitt, Preussen oder Above all, however, he devoted his energies to once German Jewry. His ancestors had been das Deutsche Reich (0,9%) und weil der judische drawing up the Charter of Human Rights in the settled in the Anhalt-Magdeburg district for many Bevolkerungsanteil in Hessen im Jahre 1950 auf Human Rights Sub-Commission of the United generations, and to record the history of his 0.1% zuriickgegangen ist. In absoluten Ziffern Nations Economic and Social Council and to family was one of his interests by which, at the ausgedriickt, bedeutet das, dass, wahrend im righting the wrongs suffered by Jews from same time, he contributed to the historiography Bereich des heutigen Landes Hessen 1871: 51,(KM); Austria ; his keen sense of justice revolted at the of the Jews in Germany. As an ophthalmologist he 1905: 65,200; und 1925: 65.700 Juden wohnten. treatment meted out from all sides to this unhappy was widely known and respected by his patients. deren Zahl 1950 nur noch 2.200 betrug. Dem group of Nazi victims, and into this battle went At the same time, three decades before the rise entspricht etwa die Entwicklung in den drei his whole heart in more than a figurative sense. of the Nazi regime, he realised the specific position hessischen Regierungsbezirken, namlich Darmstadt of his Jewish colleagues and became .the founder (16,100/16.300/13.700/300), Kassel (14,400/14,000/ Those who worked beside him in these struggles and Chairman of the Jewish Doctors' Club in 12,300/300) und Wiesbaden mit Frankfurt a.M. and who are sfill continuing the fight moum him Magdeburg. This organisation assumed addi­ als Mittelpunkt (20.500/34,900/39,700/1,600). Die with a sense of deep personal loss. tional importance, when in 1933 Jewish doctors Prozentzahlen fiir den Bezirk Wiesbaden (1871: C.K. were no longer able to take part in the work of 3.1%; 1905: 3,1%; 1925: 2,9%; 1950: 0,0%) their general professional organisation. He was zeigen sogar mit noch starkerer Krassheit die In the death of Dr. Bienenfeld. the AJR, too, also on the Board, and for some time the Chair Niedergangserscheinung auf. has lost a trusted friend of long standing, for he man of the Regional Branch of the Central-Verein was a member of the AJR Executive almost from and actively associated with many other Jewish its inception. Although, in recent years, illness organisations. His deep roots in his home com­ Auswanderung und Vernichtung prevented him from taking an active part in our munity became evident anew only a few months deliberations, his wise counsel was of the greatest ago, when he published in our paper a number Das vorliegende statistische Werk kommentiert benefit during the war and early post-war years ; of extremely interesting data on the Jews in diese Bewegung zutreffend mit diesen Worten: he helped fo lay the foundations of our work and Magdeburg. The concise way in which he gave " Die Entwicklung der iibrigen Religionsgemein- was one of the architects of our policy during that this comprehensive account at the same time schaften ... ist hauptsachlich durch die Aus­ first period of our existence. Moreover, the revealed that his clarity of mind had not been wirkung der Kirchenaustrittsbewegungen bedingt linking of his name with our efforts was also a impaired by his great age. sowie dadurch. dass in den Jahren von 1933 bis great asset in raising the interest of Jews from 1945 die Angehorigen des jiidischen Glaubens in Austria in the work of the Association. His It was only a matter of course that a man of die Emigration getrieben wurden oder in den passion for justice and, above all, his personal his background and standing was also closely Konzentrationslagern umkamen. Im Jahre 1871 kindness will always be remembered with gratitude associated with the work of the AJR. Before he gab es in Hessen ausser den Angehorigen der and affection by his colleagues on the Executive. moved to London a short while ago he Uved in beiden christlichen Hauptkonfessionen nur rund C:ambridge for many years. Among the refugees 57.000 Personen anderen Glaubens. Der weitaus •^ PROFESSOR HEINRICH HOENIGER of that place were many highly educated pro­ iiberwiegende Teil davon (51,000) waren fessional men of his generation. They formed a Angehorige des judischen Glaubens. Ihre Zahl The famous Professor of Law, Heinrich closely knit community which, notwithstanding nahm bis 1925—hauptsachlich durch Zuwan- Hoeniger, died in Frankfurt at the age of 81. He fhe hardships of the first years of immigration, derungen—auf 66.000 zu, verringerte sich jedoch was an authority in fhe field of commercial and regularly met to exchange their ideas. One seitdem standig. 1933 lebten in Hessen 58,000 labour law and held Chairs at Freiburg and Kiel of its best-liked members was Dr. Otto Simon, Glaubensjuden, 1939 waren es 24,000, und 1950 universities. He emigrated to fhe United States and a fitting tribute was paid to him on the betrug ihre Zahl nur noch 2.000 ". Diese letztere and was a Professor in New York until he occasion of his funeral by Rabbi Dr. Eschelbacher. Zahl ist uberholt: fur Marz 1960 wird im returned to Germany in 1951. who had known him from those days. His lovable " Statistischen Jahrbuch fiir die Bundesrepublik and vivacious character will be remembered by Deufschland " (1960) die Zahl der Juden in Hessen DR. ARTHUR FLEHINGER all who knew him. Our sympathies to his nach dem Stand vom Marz 1960 mit 3.239 ange­ son in Kenya and, above all, fo his daughter, geben ; die Zunahme gegeniiber dem Stand von Dr. Arthur Flehinger passed away on March who by her devotion did everything to make the 1950 ist auf eine gewisse Ruckwanderung aus dem 31, in his 76th year. Born in Bmchsal, in Baden, eve of his life a happy one. Ausland zuriickzufiihren. Und am Ende des ein- he started studying for a rabbinical career at the schlagigen Kapitels der hier angezeigten Neuer- " Theologisches Seminar " in Breslau, to discover scheinung heisst es dann noch: " Unter den de^ soon that the teaching profession was his true OBERKANTOR JAMES LEVY jiidischen Konfession Angehorenden befanden sicn calling. Up fo his emigration he was a most 1950 nur 600. die ihren Wohnsitz auch schon vor popular teacher in Baden-Baden, and when he Oberkanfor James Levy (formerly Berlin) died dem Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkrieges in Hessen came to this country he continued teaching at in New York in his 85th year. From 1917 hatten." the well-known Bradford Grammar School, enjoy­ onwards, until he was deported to Theresienstadf, ing great popularity again among pupils and he officiated at the Weissensee cemetery and, by So ist diese aus mannigfachen Erwagungen masters. He showed a deep interest in all his dignified service, gave comfort to innumerable interessante historisch-statistische GesamtschaU Jewish matters, up to fhe end of his life he was mourners in their hour of grief. He went to the auch durch die verstreuten kleinen Ziffera und a devoted member of the choir of the Liberal U.S. after the war, and, during the first years Texthinweise auf Hessens judische Bevfllkerung Z" Synagogue in Bradford. Great is the number after his arrival, conducted services in New York einem Dokument geworden. of his friends who deplore his death. during the High Festivals. E.G.L. (Frankfurt a.M.) AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 Page 13

ASSOCL^TlON OF DEMOCRATIC ORGANISATIONAL JEWS LAWYERS

AJR MEETING IN BIRMINGHAM LEO BAECK INSTITUTE LECTURE Activities Expanded

. More than 100 people attended a meeting The second series of lectures organised by the The Association of Democratic Lawyers from jointly convened by the local branches of the Leo Baeck Institute in London terminated on Germany, which was formed during fhe war to AJR and the Ex-Service (N.B.) Association in May 3rd with an address on " Juden im deutschen promote the cause of restitution and compensa­ Birmingham. Mr. W. Rosensfock, General Expressionismus—Ein Kapitel zeitgenossischer tion for the victims of Nazi persecution and 5>ecrefary of the AJR, gave a detailed report on Liferaturgeschichte" delivered by Dr. Lutz Welf- which, therefore, had mainly concentrated on the questions of direct or indirect importance for mann. questions connected with these matters, has now our community. He especially referred to the extended the scope of its activities to subjects of AJR's recent success in obtaining the tax exemp­ The Schiller-Nationalmuseum in Marbach general legal knowledge and to the discussion tion for compensation payments, to legislative last year arranged a comprehensive exhibition on of topical problems of Anglo-German Law which questions in the field of indemnification and to expressionism in literature and art (now in New may be of interest fo its members. the constructive social work, including the York), which is also a moving tribute fo the At t"he next meeting to be held on Tuesday, Homes for the Aged. Mr. L. Kew, who was sufferings of progressive German writers under June 13th, 1961, 8 p.m.. at 51 Belsize Square, in the chair, and Mr. M. Deutschkron launched the Nazi regime and fo the great part played by N.W.3, Mr. R. Graupner, LL.B., will give a a strong appeal to those who were not members German Jews in expressionist literature. lecfure on " Some Legal Problems in Anglo- of the AJR ; it was regrettable, they stated, that Dr. Weltmann's exposition was dedicated to an German Relations" dealing with the establish­ many took it for granted that their interests were assessment of their role, a role so si^ificant and ment of business enterprises, the enforcement of safeguarded by a strong organisation but that influential that expressionism was decried by those judgments and with questions arising out of a they stood aloof when their own support was who resented this strong Jewish accretion to Ger­ succession on death. required. Several members of the audience man lyricism in the same way as once Jiing- Guests are welcome. joined in answer to the appeal. Deulschland was dubbed Jung-Judo. There is Beyond the actual event, the meeting was also indeed nof a trend within the expressionist move­ LEO BAECK LODGE ELECnONS an experience under a more general aspect. Con­ ment which has nof its Jewish as well as its tinental Jews in the provinces, being fewer in German exponents. Dr. Welfmann's survey A number of new ofiicers were initiated into the number, are bound to be more integrated into included among others more detailed studies of Order of the Leo Baeck (Men's) Lodge for the their environment than those in London. They Alfred Lichtenstein, Albert Ehrenstein and Alfred coming year. The new officers are: Arthur Owen, are not self-contained communities with Wolfensfein. President; Herbert S. Garfield, Ludwig Loewen­ organisations and permanent activities of their thal, Vice-Presidents; Josef Kutner, Monitor ; own. This may make them lose sight of the THE HYPHEN Sally Kesten, Max M. Kochmann, Treasurers ; K. specific problems and tasks they have in com- Shanbury, Julius Loeb, Hon. Secretaries; F, E. "'on, though, whenever they have individual The Hyphen Programme for June and July 'IJ'estions, they know of fhe central organisations Falk, M. Rubin, Guardians; G. Goddard, G. fh 1*^ disposal. If was certainly of use for them includes theatre and concert visits, at homes, and Streaf, Wardens. that the information which AJR members receive rambles. Further details may be obtained from Readers may be interested to know that several through AJR Informaiion could be supple­ the Hon. Secretary, Miss Marion Koppel, 23 of the newly elected officers are also hon. ofiicers mented by the spoken word. Paddington Green, London, W.2. of the A.J.R. Executive and Board.

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STANDARD SEWING MACHINE SERVICE LTD. ELITE TYPEWRITER Co. Ltd. WEL. ZS28 All Makes Bought. Sord, & Exchanged Repairs, Maintenance 18 CRAWFORD STREET, BAKER STREET, W.l Page 14 AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 m WARDENS FOR GERMAN JEWISH MISCELLANEOUS CHILDREN'S HOME WANTED It is intended to open in Germany a small LECTURES FOR GERMANS IN ENGLAND GENOCIDE CONVENTION Jewish Home for about eight to ten children who are not cared for by the parents. The sponsor­ The lectures for Germans in England, sponsored The American Jewish Congress has asked Mr. ing organisation is urgently looking for a couple by the "Arbeitskreis 1961" and referred to in Dean Rusk, the U.S. Secretary of State, to " seize who would be prepared to fake charge of the our April issue, have tumed out a great success. the opportunity afforded by the Eichmann trial" Home with the assistance of a household help They gave young Germans who are now staying in fo take the lead in ratifying the Genocide Con­ and a trainee. The husband could take full- England the opportunity of obtaining some expert vention. time work outside the Home. Interested appU­ information on Germany's recent history, and the The Congress stated that the American failure cants should get in touch with the following lively discussions which always followed the talks to ratify this treaty gravely compromised the address: Zentralwohlfahrtsstelle der Juden in revealed the audience's strong interest in the hap­ country's traditional championing of human rights Deutschland e.V.. Frankfurt/Main, Hebelstr. penings under the Nazi rdgime. To conclude the and weakened the treaty's effectiveness as an inter­ 17 IIL current series, the impressive German record col­ national instrument. lection " Das Dritte Reich in Dokumenten" which had been successfully used in German COMPENSATION PAYMENT TO BERLIN HONOUR FOR DOCTORS COMMUNITY schools will be played and commented on. The The Swedish Order of Knight of the Pole Star, function will take place on Wednesday, June 7, The West Berlin Senate will pay one milUon has been awarded to two London doctors. Mr. at 8 p.m. at the German C.V.J.M., 35 Craven DM. to the West Berlin Jewish community as Sol M. Cohen and Dr. Emmanuel M. Herbert, Terrace, W.2. A further series of lectures has compensation for cultural objects seized from in recognition of their services in operating on been scheduled for the autumn term. Any readers Jews under the Nazi regime. This was announced and treating Prince Bertil of Sweden during his who know of interested young Germans, e.g. au by Senator Joachim Lipschitz at the Berlin recent illness. Prince Bertil himself bestowed the pairs in households, may ask for particulars from memorial meeting commemorating the Warsaw award on behalf of his father King Gustaf, fhe AJR. Ghetto Uprising. at the Swedish Embassy in London.

FAMILY EVENTS Simons.—On May 9fh, passed away FULL-TIME job wanted by elderiy MISSING PERSONS peacefully after a long iUness, at her business man, well acquainted with Entries in this column are free of daughter's home, 13 Southernhay textile trade and all office work, Personal Enquiries charge. Texts should be sent in by Road, Leicester, Else, aged 71, of 181 especially credit organisation experi­ the l8?/i of the month. Glenfield Road, Leicester, beloved ence. Reliable and very active. 5-day Mr. H. Schwarzmann and family, wife of Ludwig Simons, dearest week work essential. Box 835. formerly Danzig-Neugarten, owner of Births mother of Marianne and the late a sawmill, wanted by Mrs. Gerti Peter, mother-in-law of Joseph Gold- CLERICAL AND SALES, experi­ Schacht, formerly Danzig, Endingen Davies.—Lottie (nte Metzger) and ring and Sylvia, grandmother of John enced man seeks responsible position a/K., Weinstrasse 36, W. Germany. Lester Davies are happy to announce and David. with non-textile firm. Best references. fhe birth of a daughter (GUlian Carol) Box 837. Will Mr. Alfred Hulton, formerly on May 1st in London. 115 River- CLASSIFIED known as Heinz Hulisch, get in touch dene, Edgware, Middx. First grand­ with Mrs. Kraemer, 79 Granville child for Mrs. J. Metzger and Mr. Situations Vacant Women Place, London, N.12. 'Phone FINch­ and Mrs. A. B. Davies. ley 3790—important. ASSISTANT TO CHEF, general ELDERLY LADY seeks residential kitchen help (male or female), wanted Loisa Kindl, born about 1912. Came Birthdays pKJSt as housekeeper or companion, for Bournemouth. Good wages. also au pair ; no heavy work. Box to London 1938. Anyone knowing Bermann.—Mrs. Doris Bermann (n^ Box 838. 836. her whereabouts, or able to give Ledermann), formerly Breslau, of Leo information, please telephone GER­ RESIDENT COMPANION, 40-50 rard 4408 Baeck House, The Bishop's Avenue, years old, preferably German-speak­ EXPERIENCED BUSINESS LADY London, N.2, wiU celebrate her 85th ing, for cooking and light duties seeks responsible position in Buying Dr. Jur. Otfo Neustadtl, Dr. Med. birthday on June 12th. required by widowed business lady in Department of large organisation, Franz Breth, Mr. Alfred Back, Mr. own house, Leicester. Box 840. special experience in Ladies' and Alfred Breslauer, previously living at Joseph.—-Mr. Salomon Joseph, for­ Children's Underwear production, merly Trier, of 74 Empire Court, Reichenberg (Bohemia), wanted for ELDERLV LADY requires com­ buying and sales control, statistics. compensation case by Karl Lowit, Wembley Park, Middlesex, celebrated panion, part-time by arrangement. Capable of controlling large staff. his SOth birthday on May 2Isf. 84a London Park Estate, Mirfield, Light duties, references essential. Box 839. Yorks. Richmond Park/Kingston HiU area. Forthcoming Marriages A. W. Morgan, PUTney 1380. PERFECT COOK available 3-4 times Mr. Paul Schwabacher, born in Munich, emigrated to this country in Loewy : Gabanyi.—The engagement COMPANION/HOUSEKEEPER per week, preferably for evening meals, for not more than 6 people. 1935, wanted by Mr. Lothar Adler is announced of Miss Eva Loewy to wanted to look after single, elderly (Israel). 'Phone SPE. 0727 (evenings). Mr. Joe Gabanyi, both of North- lady in good health ; either full-time Mrs. Frieda Salomon, 15 Litchfield West London. daily or share flat, Hampsfead area. Way, N.W.ll. SPE. 8367. Please write Dr. Ader, 14 Orchard Enquiries by AJR Golden Wedding Close, Edgware, or 'phone EDG. 1415. Miscellaneous Leser.—Mr. Hans Leser, aged about Kallay.—Rudolph and Paula Kallay, 40-45, son of Albert and Grete Leser, nie Hayek (formerly Vienna), of 82 Situations Wanted WANTED, two persons to share car formerly Breslau (Hohenzollern and Fidlas Road, Cardiff-Llanishen, will Augustastr.), wanted by Dr. Franz Men expenses, going July 25th, London- celebrate the SOth anniversary of their Munich, leaving Munich for London Meyer, Israel. wedding on June 18th. DISABLED MAN, 21, seeks sitting- August 8th. COL. 2149. down job, i.e., light assembling, pack­ Deaths ing, checking goods, etc. Box 828. AJR CLUB FORMER MASSEUR, disabled, Accommodation Vacant Amfeld.—On Thursday, May 4th, Dr. ZION HOUSE, 57 ETON AVE,, Heinz Arnfeld, of 49 Bullhead Road, seeks light home work. Box 829. N.W.3 Boreham Wood, Herts, suddenly CLERK, elderiy, versatile, trust­ TWO FURNISHED ROOMS and passed away in his sleep. His memory worthy, seeks position as office separate kitchen offered to elderly SUNDAY, JUNE 18 will always be with us, Lisel and manager, wages clerk, or in account­ ladies in mansion flat, Highgate. Close Peter. ancy. Box 830. to two bus routes. 'Phone MOU. 5339 at 5 p.m. sharp mornings. David.—Mrs. Charlotte David, Man­ FORMER HOFFMANN PRESSER, chester, widow of Rabbi Dr. Moritz 56, seeks post as storekeeper, full- or CONCERT part-time. Box 831. David (Bochum). passed away peace­ AccommodatioB Wanted fully on April 23rd. Sadly missed FERRY EHRLICH by her family and friends. CLERK, 80, still active, seeks part- time work as messenger, filing, figure- ELDERLY LADY wants part or full (Pianist) Scbuhmann.—Wemer Stefan Schuh­ work or home work in addressing. board in nice family or boarding Continental Musical Entertainment mann, of 14 South view Drive, South Box 832. house. Ground floor or lift, c.h., Woodford, passed away peacefully wash basin, h.c. Golders Green or DORA WEINSTESN TYPIST, elderiy, own typewriter, Swiss Cottage. Box 841. on May 2nd, at the age of 35. Deeply seeks home work for correspondence (Soprano) mourned by his mother. Else Schuh­ Accompanied by June Smith mann, 8 Lillian Avenue, W.3 his or copy-typing. Box 833. ELDERLY LADY wants nice sunny wife. Evelyn, and fwo children. BOOKKEEPER, good references, room, wash basin, kitchen, h.c, ser­ Songs by Haydn, Mozarf and Schubert Marion and Jacqueline, and his conscientious worker, seeks fuU- or vice. Ground floor or Uft, Golders Space do-ated bv TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED sister and brother-in-law. Eva and part-time work, or home work. Box Green, Finchley Central or Finchley 36 Felstiam Road, Putner. S.W.1S Eric Sheldon, 10 LilUan Avenue, W.3. 834. Rd. tube. Box 842. AJR INFORMATION June, 1961 Page 15 EAST GERMANY SYNAGOGA EXfflBITION A Press conference was recently held on the site of the former Sachsenhausen concentration camp in East Germany, where a museum of the IN FRANKFURT " Anti-Fascist Freedom Struggle " was opened. According to reports from East Berlin, it was It was more than a friendly gesture that the Wilhelm declared at a Press conference, admitted at the Press conference that the East Frankfurt Mayor and Municipal Council Frankfurt Jews had played a decisive part jn German Minister of Agriculture, Hans Reichelt, invited the rabbi of their city's former Jewish the development of modern Jewish ideas, such had been a member of the Nazi Party. It was as the " Love of Zion " movement (a precursor stressed, however, that he had committed no community. Dr. Georg Salzberger (London), crimes during the Nazi regime. Former Nazis to open the " Synagoga" Exhibition (previ­ of political Zionism), religious Liberalism, and were occupying high-ranking positions in East ously shown in Recklinghausen) in the Frank­ Neo-Orthodoxy; the history of Frankfurt German poUtical and public lives but, it was furt Historical Museum. In the presence of Jewry, he said, was therefore of more than stated, none of them had committed crimes against several hundred Christian and Jewish per­ local significance. As to the practical pro­ humanity and they had, since the war, proved sonalities. Dr. Salzberger performed this task gramme, the following plans are under con­ themselves to be sincere and upright democrats. g a particularly dignified and impressive way. sideration: a Bibliography of the history of No one could have expected the East German He described the place of art in the religious the Jews in Frankfurt, a volume of personal authorities to have " slaughtered, drowned, shot memoirs, the republication of the late Rabbi or chased ten million former Nazi party members life of the Jews, in synagogue and home, and from the country". ;^ celebrating the Sabbath and the festivals. Markus Horovitz's book on " Frankfurt Those who were not familiar with the Jewish Rabbis" (published 1882-85), the continuation service and customs were made aware of of the research work on the emancipation of LEO BAECK'S "ESSENCE OF JUDAISM" Jewish sacred art as an expression of Jewish the Frankfurt Jews, started by Dr. Rudolf RE-PUBLISHED Heilbrunn, a pubUcation about Hebrew print­ religiosity. Dr. Salzberger thanked the City The recent " Schocken Paperbacks" catalogue of Frankfurt for having taken the initiative in ing plants in the city, and a compilation of reveals that the paperback works published by arranging the exhibition and also recalled that, documents referring to the Nazi period. It is Schocken Books Corporation, New York, include «>r 900 years. Jews had been resident in also visualised to publish the autobiography "The Essence of Judaism " by Leo Baeck ($1.65). I'rankfurt and had contributed both to the of the late Rabbi Dr. Caesar Seligmann and Other authors are Martin Buber, Franz Kafka and general development of that city and to Jewish the memoirs of Rabbi Dr. Salzberger after Gershom G. Scholem. The books may also be hfe aU over the world. He expressed the hope their completion. ordered in fhis country through booksellers. that the exhibition would help to spread know­ ledge among young Germans, thus con- To carry out the work which will be CONFERENCE OF THE WORLD UNION inbuting to overcome the tragic past by work- financed by the City of Frankfurt, an Execu­ FOR PROGRESSIVE JUDAISM tive Committee (" Geschaeftsfuehrender Aus­ jug for a better future. Oberbuergermeister The twelfth intemational Conference of the Bockelmann, too, stressed that it was the object schuss ") has been appointed by the World Union for Progressive Judaism will be held of the exhibition to promote understanding of Commission. It consists of the "Kulturde- in London from July 6th-July 12th. The pre­ Jewry and Jewish cultural values. zernent" of the city, Dr. Karl vom Rath liminary programme includes public sessions at (Chairman), Professor Wilhelm, Dr. Eugen which Sir Basil Henriques will speak about Commission for History of Frankfurt Jewry Mayer (Jerusalem), for many years Syndicus •'Aspects of Progressive Judaism and Human of the former Frankfurt Jewish community, ReponsibiUty" and Dr. Nelson Glueck on " The The solemn opening ceremony was also Stadtarchivar Dr. Andernach, and the head Effect of Modem Discoveries on Judaism ". Par­ attended by members of the " Kommission of the Judaica Department of the Municipal ticulars about the programme many be obtained 2Ur Erforschung der Geschichte der Frank- and University Library, Loewy. from the Union's offices: 51 Palace Court, lUiter Juden". sponsored by the Frankfurt London, W.2. ^Municipality. This commission, established Independently of the Commission's pro­ ou an inter-denominational and also inter­ gramme of publications, Frankfurt memoirs RELIGION AND PEACE national basis, consists of 18 persons, with by Dr. Selmar Spier (Ramot Hashavim, Israel) were published under the title "Vor 1914" by Rabbi Dr. Leslie Edgar, minister of the Liberal 'Jberbuergermeister Bockelmann as Chairman Jewish Synagogue, was one of ihe speakers at a and Rabbi Professor Dr. Kurt Wilhebn (Stock- the Waldemar Kramer Verlag, Frankfurt. The publication had been supported by the Frank­ conference on " Religion and Peace " held at All noim) as Vice-Chairman. Its object is to col- Souls College, Oxford. He made a plea to world 'sct material which later on will be used for furt Municipal Council and especially by the former Buergermeister Dr. Walter Leiske. religions to co-operate for fhe promotion of n historical work comprising the period from justice, and mercy among men—a measure which about 1824 to 1933. During that period, Dr. E. G. L. (Frankfurt a.M.) would consequently further the cause of peace.

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Ptinfi ac tlie Sharoa P,«u, 31, Furaival Screet, B.C.4.