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BIBLIOJELH Do Ilpü Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - IMPA Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM BIBLIOJELH do iLPü TAXONOMIA DAS ESPÉCIES DE Isognathus FELDER & FELDER, 1862 (LEPIDOPTERA, SPHINGIDAE) DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO, BRASIL E REGISTRO DAS DEMAIS ESPÉCIES DE ESFINGÍDEOS Joselelde Teixeira Câmara Dissertação de Mestrado, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Tropical e Recursos Naturais do convênio INPA/UFAM, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Biológicas, área de concentração em Entomologia. Manaus - Amazonas - Brasil 2005 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM BIBLIOTECA DO Mh TAXONOMIA DAS ESPÉCIES DE Isognathus FELDER & FELDER, 1862 (LEPIDOPTERA, SPHINGIDAE) DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO, BRASIL E REGISTRO DAS DEMAIS ESPÉCIES DE ESFINGÍDEOS Joseleide Teixeira Câmara Orientador: José Albertino Rafael, Dr. Dissertação de Mestrado, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Tropical e Recursos Naturais do convênio INPA/UFAM, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Biológicas, área de concentração em Entomologia. Manaus - Amazonas - Brasil 2005 o' Ficha Cataíográfica Câmara, Joseleide Teixeira Taxonomia das espécies de Isognathus 0. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 ^l_0pjcloptera, SphinQidae) do estado do Maranhão, Brasil e registro das demais espécies de esfingídeos / Joseleide Teixeira Câmara. — 2005. xi+ 81 f. Dissertação (mestrado) — INPA/UFAM, Manaus, 2005. 1. Lepidoptera 2.Sphingidae 3. Mariposas 4. Taxonomia 5. Maranhão I. Título CDD 19.ed.595.78 Sinopse: Foi realizado um levantamento de esfingídeos no estado do Maranhão com caracterização morfológica das espécies do gênero Isognathus Felder & Felder, 1862 que ocorrem neste estado. O material estudado foi obtido de coleções entomológicas brasileiras e coletas com utilização de lençol branco e luz mista de mercúrio. Palavras-chave: Lepidoptera, Maranhão, Mariposas, Sphingidae, Taxonomia. Key words: Lepidoptera, Maranhão, Moths, Sphingidae, Taxonomy. ^r. "r À minha família, com carinho. W1 AGRADECIMENTOS À Catarina da Silva Motta, amiga, pela orientação, dedicação, apoio, disponibilidade e acima de tudo pela convivência; Ao Dr. José Albertino Rafael, amigo e orientador, pela orientação, apoio e disponibilidade; Ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, por possibilitar meu curso de Mestrado em suas dependências; À Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES, pela concessão da bolsa de estudos; Aos amigos Francisco Limeira-de-Oliveira, Simone Trovisco, Isis Meneses, Valéria Cristina Pinheiro, Rose Vieira, Maria AIrismar dos Santos Brasil, Monique Sena, Jansen Medeiros e Ruth Leila Menezes pela convivência, apoio e incentivo; Aos amigos Roger e Rosa Hutchings pelas contribuições na execução deste trabalho, atenção, carinho, apoio e convivência; Aos Drs. Augusto Loureiro Henriques, Márcio Oliveira pelas contribuições no meu plano de trabalho; Aos Drs. Márcia M. C. Rego - curadora da coleção da UFMA, Amabílio J. A. de Camargo - curador da coleção da EMBRAPA-Cerrados, Luis Soledad Otero e Alexandre Soares - responsáveis pela coleção de Lepidoptera do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, pelo empréstimo do material; Aos Senhores José Ivan - Gerente da Fazenda Primavera, Iraui P. Oliveira - chefe do Posto Indígena Awaguajá, Maria Adélia Maranhão Waquim - Gerente da Escola Fazenda da UEMA, Geraldo Serqueira, Walter C. Moreira, Maria Francisca dé Sousa e Marlene S. Rego pelo apoio logístico nas coletas; Aos Senhores André Araújo e Daniel Macedo pela colaboração com os desenhos; Ao Márcio Cutrim M. de Castro pela colaboração com a edição das imagens: Aos colegas da turma de mestrado e doutorado de 2003; A todos que direta ou indiretamente contribuíram para realização deste trabalho. IV SUMÁRIO 1. INTRODUÇÃO 1 1.1. O gênero Isognathus Felder & Felder, 1862 4 2. OBJETIVOS 6 2.1. Objetivo geral 6 2.2. Objetivos específicos 6 3. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS 7 3.1. Área de estudo 7 3.2. Material previamente coletado 8 3.3. Coleta de material 10 3.4. Estudo dos espécimes 10 3.5. Estudo taxonômico de Isognathus Felder & Felder, 1862 11 3.6. Medidas e terminologia utilizadas 12 3.7. Lista de abreviaturas 12 4. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES 16 4.1. Caracterização morfológica das espécies de Isognathus 16 4.1.1. Chave para machos e fêmeas de Isognathus do Maranhão 17 4.1.2. Chave baseada nas genitálias masculinas e femininas de Isognathus do Maranhão 17 4.1.3. Isognathus allamandae Clark, 1920 18 4.1.4. Isognathus carícae caricae(Linnaeus, 1758) 20 4.1.5. Isognathus menechus(Boisduval, 1975) 23 4.1.6. Isognathus scyron (Cramer, 1780) 25 4.2. Lista complementar de espécies 27 4.2.1. SMERINTHINAE Grote & Robinson, 1865 27 4.2.1.1. Ambulycini Butier, 1876 27 4.2.2. SPHINGINAE Latreille, 1802 28 4.2.2.1. Sphingini Latreille, 1802 28 4.2.2.2. Acheronthiini Boisduval, 1875 33 4.2.3. MACROGLOSSINAE Harris, 1839 34 4.2.3.1 Dilophonotini Burmeister, 1878 34 4.2.3.1.1. Dilophonotina Burmeister, 1878 34 4.2.3.2. Philampelini Burmeister, 1878 45 4.2.3.3. Macroglossiní Harris, 1839 47 4.2.3.3.1. Cheroncampina Grote & Robinson, 1865 47 5. CONCLUSÕES 54 6. REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 78 VI ÍNDICE DE TABELA Tabela 1. Registro de Sphingidae para o Nordeste do Brasil 51 vil ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Figura 1. Mapa do estado do Maranhão; Distribuição dos locais de coletas 9 Figura 2. Caixa de luz utilizada para fotografar as mariposas 13 Figura 3. Morfologia e terminologia usada para as asas de Sphingidae: asa anterior; asa posterior Figura 4. Morfologia e terminologia usada para a genitália masculina Sphingidae... 15 Figura 5. Morfologia e terminologia usada para a genitália feminina Sphingidae 15 Figura 6. Espécies de Isognathus Felder & Felder, 1862: /. allamandae] I. c. carícae\ I. menechus\ I. scyron Figura 7. Genitália masculina de Isognathus allamandae: vista ventral; juxta; sáculo, vista lateral; edeago, vista ventral; edeago, vista dorsal 56 Figura 8. Genitália feminina de Isognathus allamandae: vista ventral 57 Figura 9. Genitália masculina de Isognathus carícae caricae: vista ventral; juxta; sáculo, vista lateral; edeago, vista ventral; edeago, vista dorsal 58 Figura 10. Genitália feminina de Isognathus carícae carícae: vista ventral; signo 59 Figura 11. Genitália masculina de Isognathus menechus: vista ventral; juxta; sáculo, vista lateral; edeago, vista ventral; edeago, vista dorsal 60 Figura 12. Genitália feminina de Isognathus menechus: vista ventral; signo 61 Figura 13. Genitália masculina de Isognathus scyron: vista ventral; juxta; sáculo, vista lateral; edeago, vista ventral; edeago, vista dorsal 62 Figura 14. Genitália feminina de Isognathus scyron: vista ventral 63 Figura 15. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Adhemaríus palmerí] Protambulyx eurycles] Pr. strigilis Figura 16. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Amphimoea walkeri] Cocytíus antaeus 65 Figura 17. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Cocytíus duponchel] Co. lucifer, Manduca d. diffissa Figura 18. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Manduca diffissa tropicalis\ Mn. I. lefeburif, Mn. manducaoides] Mn. r. rústica 67 Figura 19- Sphingidae do Maranhão: Manduca sexta paphus] Neococytius cluentius\ Neogene dynaeus] Agrius cingulata\ Aellopos c. clavipes 68 Figura 20. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Aellopos fadus\ Ae. t. titam, Aleuron carinata; Al chioroptera] Cailionima grisescens elegans] Ca. parce\ Enyo I. lugubris 69 Vlll Figura 21. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Enyo ocypete] Erinnyis a. alope] Er. carmeri', Er. e. ello Figura 22. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Erinnyis lassauxii] Er. o. obscura] Er. oenotrus] Eupyrrhoglossum venustum] Hemeroplanes triptolemus] Madoryx o. oicius Figura 23. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Madoryx plutonius] Pachylia fícus 72 Figura 24. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Pachylia s. syces; Pachylioides resumens] Perigonia I. Iusca\ Pe. paliida Figura 25. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Phryxus caicus] Pseudosphinx tetrio\ Unzela J. japix Figura 26. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Eumorpha anchemoius] Em. capronnieri 75 Figura 27. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Eumopha f. fasciatus] Em. I. labruscae; Em. v. vitis] Hyles euphorbiarum] Xyiophanes chiron nechus] Xy. Loelia 76 Figura 28. Sphingidae do Maranhão: Xyiophanes s. schausi] Xy. t. tersa 77 IX RESUMO Foi realizado um levantamento de esfingídeos no estado do Maranhão com caracterização morfológica das espécies do gênero Isognathus Felder & Felder, 1862 encontradas. O material estudado foi obtido de coleções entomológicas brasileiras e de coletas com utilização de lençol branco iluminado com lâmpada de luz mista de mercúrio. Cinqüenta e sete espécies foram registradas pela primeira vez no estado do Maranhão, destas 14 são novos registros para o Nordeste brasileiro. As quatro espécies de Isognathus (/. allamandae, I. caricae carícae, /. menechus e I. scyron) listadas para o estado foram caracterizadas quanto ao padrão de coloração e, pela primeira vez, quanto morfologia das genitálias. São apresentadas chaves dicotômicas baseadas no padrão de coloração e nas genitálias. ABSTRACT A sphinx moth survey was carried out in the state of Maranhão with morphological characterization of the species belonging to genus Isognathus Felder & Felder, 1862, which were found in this state. The studied material was acquired from nacional entomological collections as well as through captures by using a white cloth and a 250-watt mixed mercury-tungstan vapor lightbuib. Fifty-seven (57) species were recorded for the first time in the state of Maranhão, of these 14 are new records for the Brazilian northeast. The four Isognathus species
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