DOCSLIB.ORG

The Panama Canal: Modernization and Expansion

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

TheThe PanamaPanama CanalCanal:: ModernizationModernization andand ExpansionExpansion 26th26th AnnualAnnual SummerSummer Ports,Ports, Waterways,Waterways, FreightFreight && InternationalInternational TradeTrade ConferenceConference JuneJune 26,26, 20012001 Galveston,Galveston, TexasTexas RodolfoRodolfo SabongeSabonge Director,Director, CorporateCorporate PlanningPlanning andand MarketingMarketing PanamaPanama CanalCanal AuthorityAuthority AgendaAgenda !! CanalCanal PerformancePerformance !! ModernizationModernization ProgramProgram !! ExpansionExpansion PlansPlans ATLANTIC OCEAN CHAGRES RIVER RIO GRANDE PACIFIC OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN GATUN LAKE CHAGRES RIVER GRANDE RIVER PACIFIC OCEAN COLONCOLON CICITYTY ATLANTIC OCEAN GATUN LOCKS GATUN MADDEN LAKE RIO CHAGRES PEDRO MIGUEL LOCKS MIRAFLORES LOCKS PANAMPANAMA A CICITYTY PACIFIC OCEAN PANAMPANAM AX AX VESSELVESSEL LOCKSLOCKS CHAMBER:CHAMBER: 304.8304.8 mts.mts. MAXMAX LENGTH:LENGTH: 294294 mts.mts. MAXMAX DRAFT:DRAFT: 1212 M.M. CHAMBERCHAMBER WIDTH:WIDTH: 33.5233.52 mtsmts MAXMAX BEAM:BEAM: 32.532.5 mts.mts. 8080 KmKm 88 -- 1010 hrshrs TRANSITTRANSIT TIMETIME +/-+/- 2424 hrshrs CWTCWT Kobe,Kobe, JapanJapan -- NewNew YorkYork SavesSaves 2,2,846846 NautNautiicalcal MiMilleses Source:Source: FaiFairprp l layay WorlWorldshidshippippingng EncyclEncyclopediopediaa 19981998 EcuadorEcuador -- NewNew YorkYork SavesSaves 7,7,366366 NautNautiicalcal MiMilleses Source:Source: FaiFairprp l layay WorlWorldshidshippippingng EncyclEncyclopediopediaa 19981998 PrincipalPrincipal RoutesRoutes -- FYFY 20002000 EastEast CoastCoast U.S.U.S. AsiaAsia COMMODITIES • GRAINS • CONTAINERS • CHEMICALS • FERTILIZERS & PHOSPHATES 42.0%42.0% • MANUFACTURERS IRON & STEEL PrincipalPrincipal RoutesRoutes -- FYFY 20002000 WestWest CoastCoast SouthSouth AmericaAmerica EastEast CoastCoast U.S.U.S. COMMODITIES • GRAINS • PETROLEUM • CONTAINERS 8.9%8.9% • SALT • MISCELLANEOUS PANAMAPANAMA CANALCANAL TRAFFICTRAFFIC InIn FiscalFiscal YearYear 2000:2000: !! MoreMore thanthan 13,60013,600 oceangoingoceangoing commercialcommercial transitstransits !! 194194 MillionMillion longlong tonstons ofof cargocargo !! 4%4% ofof thethe world’sworld’s seaborneseaborne tradetrade TransitsTransits byby PrincipalPrincipal OceangoingOceangoing ShipShip TypesTypes Calendar Year 4,5004,500 4,0004,000 3,5003,500 3,0003,000 2,5002,500 2,0002,000 1,5001,500 1,0001,000 500500 00 19961996 19971997 19981998 19991999 20002000 DryDry BulkBulk CarriersCarriers 3,8393,839 3,5503,550 3,4703,470 3,2653,265 3,0093,009 ContainershipsContainerships 1,7271,727 1,8081,808 2,0692,069 1,9581,958 2,2122,212 RefrigeratedRefrigerated CargoCargo 2,4742,474 2,4422,442 2,0182,018 1,9971,997 2,0292,029 TankersTankers 2,0382,038 2,0712,071 1,8771,877 1,9291,929 2,0142,014 GeneralGeneral CargoCargo 1,4171,417 1,3691,369 1,3141,314 999999 1,0521,052 VehicleVehicle CarriersCarriers 746746 702702 752752 879879 903903 PassengerPassenger ShipsShips 283283 296296 305305 297297 246246 PC/UMSPC/UMS NetNet TonsTons byby PrincipalPrincipal OceangoingOceangoing ShipShip TypeType CalendarCalendar YearYear 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 Thousands of Net Tons Net of Thousands 10,000 0 19961996 19971997 19981998 19991999 20002000 DryDry BulkBulk CarriersCarriers 81,91681,916 74,03674,036 71,81371,813 69,30869,308 65,38965,389 ContainershipsContainerships 41,16141,161 43,85043,850 51,52451,524 50,90150,901 58,87158,871 VehicleVehicle CarriersCarriers 26,06726,067 24,96024,960 27,62227,622 32,80632,806 36,17136,171 TankersTankers 34,49234,492 34,03934,039 31,16031,160 32,16332,163 32,55732,557 RefrigeratedRefrigerated CargoCargo 17,56817,568 17,88117,881 14,76414,764 15,25115,251 15,52215,522 PassengerPassenger ShipsShips 7,7427,742 8,9898,989 9,4499,449 9,8729,872 8,7898,789 GeneralGeneral CargoCargo 11,00411,004 10,64510,645 10,25610,256 7,5317,531 8,0148,014 LiquidLiquid GasGas CarriersCarriers 2,6542,654 2,4552,455 2,2542,254 2,7302,730 2,6492,649 PanamaPanama CanalCanal UniversalUniversal MeasurementMeasurement SystemSystem (PCUMS)(PCUMS) CC u u rre rre n n t t TolTolllss $$ 2.2.5757 //PCUMPCUM S S ((lladen)aden) $$ 2.2.0404 //PCUMPCUM S S ((balballlastast)) $$ 1.1.4343 //didisplsplacemacem ent ent ttonon OneOne PCUMSPCUMS TonTon == 100100 cubicubicc ffeeteet ofof cargocargo carryicarryingng capacicapacittyy AverageAverage PC/UMSPC/UMS NetNet TonnageTonnage ofof OceangoingOceangoing VesselsVessels byby ShipShip TypeType Calendar Year 45,000 Calendar Year 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 PC/UMS Net Tons 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Vehicle Carriers 34,942 35,556 36,731 37,322 40,057 Passenger Ship 27,358 30,369 30,981 33,239 35,729 Containerships 23,834 24,253 24,903 25,997 26,614 Dry-bulk Carrier 21,338 20,855 20,695 21,227 21,731 Tanker 16,925 16,436 16,601 16,674 16,165 Liquid-gas carrier 15,078 11,860 11,678 13,652 13,868 Refrigerated Cargo 7,101 7,322 7,316 7,637 7,650 General Cargo 7,766 7,776 7,805 7,539 7,618 CargoCargo FlowFlow byby CommodityCommodity TypeType MillionsMillions ofof LongLong TonsTons Calendar Year 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Grains 42.8 34.4 39.0 41.0 39.6 Container cargo 25.8 27.5 28.7 30.4 34.2 Petroleum and products 31.5 30.9 30.0 27.8 29.0 Nitrates, phosphates and potash 15.6 15.3 14.6 13.3 12.7 Manufactures of iron and steel 8.2 8.4 14.7 11.3 11.3 Chemicals and petroleum chemicals 11.3 10.4 9.1 12.0 11.0 Coal and coke 11.3 11.9 8.8 8.9 9.4 Others 51.1 53.9 47.8 47.0 48.8 Total 197.7 192.7 192.7 191.7 195.8 AccidentAccident StatisticsStatistics 40 3838 35 -- 30 -- 2929 2828 2828 25 -- 2424 20 -- 15 -- 10 -- 5 -- 0 No.of Accident Investigations No.of Accident Investigations 19961996 19971997 19981998 19991999 20002000 CalendarCalendar YearYear CanalCanal WatersWaters TimeTime 33 32 32 31.8 30.9 31 30 29 28.5 28 27.7 Canal Waters TimeinHours 27 26 25 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Year TransitsTransits inin ThousandsThousands 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 5 0 5 19151915 19191919 19231923 Transits Transits 19271927 TOTAL TRANSITS 19311931 TOTAL TRANSITS 19351935 19391939 FY 1915-1999 19431943 FY 1915-1999 19471947 Fiscal Year Fiscal Fiscal Year Fiscal 19511951 19551955 19591959 19631963 19671967 19711971 19751975 19791979 19831983 19871987 19911991 19951995 250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 0.00 250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 19991999 0.00 TransitsTransits inin ThousandsThousands 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 TOTAL TRANSITS vsPC/UMSNET TOTAL TRANSITS vsPC/UMSNET 0 5 0 5 19151915 19191919 19231923 Transits Transits 19271927 19311931 19351935 19391939 FY 1915-1999 19431943 FY 1915-1999 PC/UMS Net PC/UMS Net 19471947 Fiscal Year Fiscal Fiscal Year Fiscal 19511951 19551955 19591959 19631963 19671967 19711971 19751975 19791979 19831983 19871987 19911991 19951995 250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 0.00 250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 19991999 0.00 PC/UMSPC/UMS NetNet inin MillionsMillions AVERAGEAVERAGE PC/PC/UMSUMS NETNET TONNAGETONNAGE OceangoingOceangoing CommercialCommercial VesselsVessels 4,8324,832 9,9319,931 18,64918,649 FYFY 19551955 FYFY 19751975 FYFY 20002000 Panamax Transits + 40 100 feet of Beam 37 35 35 33 31 30 30 29 27 26 25 24 24 25 23 23 23 22 22 20 20 20 19 19 16 16 15 14 11 % of Total Transits of Total % 10 8 7 6 5 5 0 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 Fiscal Year IMPACTIMPACT OFOF VESSELVESSEL SIZESIZE ➨ Lockages in half the time ➨ 4 locomotives required ➨ 3 tug assignments ➨ 1 pilot ➨ < 80’ BEAM No transit restriction ➨ 6 or 8 locomotives required ➨ 7 to 10 tug assignments ➨ Minimum of 2 pilots ➨ Restricted to daylight transit PANAMAX AgendaAgenda !! CanalCanal PerformancePerformance !! ModernizationModernization ProgramProgram ATLANTIC OCEAN REPUBLIREPUBLICC OFOF PANAMAPANAMA COLONCOLON GATUNGATUN LOLO CKS CKS MADENMADEN LAKELAKE GATUNGATUN LAKELAKE GAIGAILLARDLLARD CUTCUT PEDROPEDRO MIMIGUELGUEL LOLO CKS CKS MIMIRAFLORAFLO RES RES LOLOCKS CKS Balboa PANAMAPANAM A CITY PACIFIC OCEAN $1B$1B IImprmprovemovem ent ent andand MM oder oderninizatzatiionon PrProgrogramam New Track Cut Widening New Locomotives EVTMS New Tugs Locks Machinery BenefitsBenefits ofof ModernizationModernization ProgramProgram " Increased Canal capacity by 20% " Reduced Canal Waters Time " Reduced impact of lane outages " Improved navigational safety " Reduced maintenance costs " Improved reliability Total Transits ForecastvsCapacity Total Transits ForecastvsCapacity TotalTotal TransitsTransits 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000 22,000 24,000 26,000 28,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000 22,000 24,000 26,000 28,000 19951995 19981998 20012001 20042004 Capacity Canal Total Transits 20072007 Fiscal Year Fiscal Year 20102010 20132013 20162016 20192019 20222022 20252025 20282028 20312031 20342034 20372037 20402040 AgendaAgenda !! CanalCanal PerformancePerformance !! ModernizationModernization ProgramProgram !! ExpansionExpansion PlansPlans Study Plans ConceptualConceptual ReconnaissanceReconnaissance oror Pre-feasibilityPre-feasibility 1999-20001999-2000 Full-FeasibilityFull-Feasibility 2001-20022001-2002 ReachingReaching ConsensusConsensus FinalFinal DesignDesign ImplementationImplementation World´sWorld´s vsvs CanalCanal TradeTrade (Million(Million LongLong Tons)Tons) 16,50016,500 16,00016,000 15,50015,500 15,570 15,00015,000 14,50014,500 14,00014,000 13,50013,500 13,00013,000 12,50012,500 12,00012,000 11,50011,500 11,371 11,00011,000 10,50010,500 10,00010,000 9,5009,500 9,092 9,0009,000 9,092 8,5008,500 8,0008,000
Recommended publications
  • International Seaways Inc

    International Seaways Inc

    International Seaways, Inc. Third Quarter 2020 Earnings Presentation November 6, 2020 Disclaimer Forward-Looking Statements During the course of this presentation, the Company (International Seaways, Inc. (INSW)) may make forward-looking statements or provide forward-looking information. All statements other than statements of historical facts should be considered forward-looking statements. Some of these statements include words such as ‘‘outlook,’’ ‘‘believe,’’ ‘‘expect,’’ ‘‘potential,’’ ‘‘continue,’’ ‘‘may,’’ ‘‘will,’’ ‘‘should,’’ ‘‘could,’’ ‘‘seek,’’ ‘‘predict,’’ ‘‘intend,’’ ‘‘plan,’’ ‘‘estimate,’’ ‘‘anticipate,’’ ‘‘target,’’ ‘‘project,’’ ‘‘forecast,’’ ‘‘shall,’’ ‘‘contemplate’’ or the negative version of those words or other comparable words. Although they reflect INSW’s current expectations, these statements are not guarantees of future performance, but involve a number of risks, uncertainties, and assumptions which are difficult to predict. Some of the factors that may cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements include, but are not necessarily limited to, vessel acquisitions, general economic conditions, competitive pressures, the nature of the Company’s services and their price movements, and the ability to retain key employees. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements as a result of future developments, new information or otherwise. Non-GAAP Financial Measures Included in this presentation are certain non-GAAP financial measures, including Time Charter Equivalent (“TCE”) revenue, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and total leverage ratios, designed to complement the financial information presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America because management believes such measures are useful to investors. TCE revenues, which represents shipping revenues less voyage expenses, is a measure to compare revenue generated from a voyage charter to revenue generated from a time charter.
  • ANNUAL REPORT 2016 Corporate Profile

    ANNUAL REPORT 2016 Corporate Profile

    ANNUAL REPORT 2016 Corporate Profile Diana Shipping Inc. (NYSE: DSX) is a global provider of shipping transportation services. We specialize in the ownership of dry bulk vessels. As of April 28, 2017 our fleet consists of 48 dry bulk vessels (4 Newcastlemax, 14 Capesize, 3 Post-Panamax, 4 Kamsarmax and 23 Panamax). The Company also expects to take delivery of one Post-Panamax dry bulk vessel by the middle of May 2017, one Post-Panamax dry bulk vessel by the middle of June 2017 as well as one Kamsarmax dry bulk vessel by the middle of June 2017. As of the same date, the combined carrying capacity of our fleet, excluding the three vessels not yet delivered, is approximately 5.7 million dwt with a weighted average age of 7.91 years. Our fleet is managed by our wholly-owned subsidiary Diana Shipping Services S.A. and our established 50/50 joint venture with Wilhelmsen Ship Management named Diana Wilhelmsen Management Limited in Cyprus. Diana Shipping Inc. also owns approximately 25.7% of the issued and outstanding shares of Diana Containerships Inc. (NASDAQ: DCIX), a global provider of shipping transportation services through its ownership of containerships, that currently owns and operates twelve container vessels (6 Post-Panamax and 6 Panamax). Among the distinguishing strengths that we believe provide us with a competitive advantage in the dry bulk shipping industry are the following: > We own a modern, high quality fleet of dry bulk carriers. > Our fleet includes groups of sister ships, providing operational and scheduling flexibility, as well as cost efficiencies.
  • The Impact of the New Panama Canal on Cost-Savings in the Shipping Industry

    The Impact of the New Panama Canal on Cost-Savings in the Shipping Industry

    the International Journal Volume 13 on Marine Navigation Number 3 http://www.transnav.eu and Safety of Sea Transportation September 2019 DOI: 10.12716/1001.13.03.07 The Impact of the New Panama Canal on Cost-savings in the Shipping Industry D. Zupanovic, L. Grbic & M. Baric University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia ABSTRACT: The passage through the Panama Canal has become the usual waterway for all the ships that can navigate through the Canal. The traffic through the canal is limited by the size of a ship. The need for the expansion of the Canal has emerged due to the development of the global trade and the shipping industry. The new dimensions of the lock‐chambers determine the size of the ships as well. The new generation of ships built to the largest specifications possible to transit the current locks of the canal are called the Post‐Panamax vessels. The maximum dimensions of these ships are 366 meters in length, 49 meters in beam and 15.2 metres in draught. The paper analyses savings in the operational costs on three types of the Post‐Panamax vessels after the Canal expansion. 1 INTRODUCTION The construction of the new and expanded canal enabled the passage of the Post‐Panamax ships. The The construction of the Canal, which lasted for 34 navigation of this category became a standard in the years, introduced the shorter and more efficient route maritime industry and proved the Canal to be of great between the east and west coasts of the United States importance to the world shipping.
  • Table of Contents 4.0 Description of the Physical

    Table of Contents 4.0 Description of the Physical

    TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT............................................ 4­1 4.1 Geology ................................................................................................. 4­1 4.1.1 Methodology ........................................................................................ 4­1 4.1.2 Regional Geological Formations........................................................... 4­2 4.1.3 Local Geological Units ......................................................................... 4­7 4.1.3.1 Atlantic Coast .......................................................................... 4­7 4.1.3.2 Gatun Locks.............................................................................. 4­8 4.1.3.3 Gatun Lake ............................................................................... 4­9 4.1.3.4 Culebra Cut ......................................................................... ...4­10 4.1.3.5 Pacific Locks ...........................................................................4­11 4.1.3.6 Pacific Coast............................................................................4­12 4.1.4 Paleontological Resources ...................................................................4­13 4.1.5 Geotechnical Characterization .............................................................4­17 4.1.6 Tectonics.............................................................................................4­21 4.2 Geomorphology ..............................................................................................4­22
  • Project JYP-1104 SALT INTRUSION in GATUN LAKE a Major Qualifying

    Project JYP-1104 SALT INTRUSION in GATUN LAKE a Major Qualifying

    Project JYP-1104 SALT INTRUSION IN GATUN LAKE A Major Qualifying Project submitted to the Faculty of WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By Assel Akhmetova Cristina Crespo Edwin Muñiz March 11, 2012 Jeanine D. Plummer, Major Advisor Associate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering 1. Gatun Lake 2. Salt Intrusion 3. Panama Canal Abstract The expansion of the Panama Canal is adding another lock lane to the canal, allowing passage of larger ships. Increases in the number of transits and the size of the locks may displace more salt from the oceans into the freshwater lake, Gatun Lake, which is a drinking water source for Panama City. This project evaluated future salinity levels in Gatun Lake. Water quality and hydrometeorological data were input into a predictive hydrodynamic software package to project salinity levels in the lake after the new lock system is completed. Modeling results showed that salinity levels are expected to remain in the freshwater range. In the event that the lake becomes brackish, the team designed a water treatment plant using electrodialysis reversal for salt removal and UV light disinfection. ii Executive Summary The Panama Canal runs from the Pacific Ocean in the southeast to the Atlantic Ocean in the northwest over a watershed area containing the freshwater lake, Gatun Lake. The canal facilitates the transit of 36 ships daily using three sets of locks, which displace large volumes of water into and out of Gatun Lake. The displacement of water has the potential to cause salt intrusion into the freshwater Gatun Lake.
  • The Panama Canal: It's All About Connectivity

    The Panama Canal: It's All About Connectivity

    The Panama Canal: It’s all about connectivity Panama at a glance GDP growth rate – last 10 years 7.5% GDP estimated- 2013 (dollars) 38,6b GDP per capita - 2013 estimated (in dollars) 13,032 Population (million) 3.5 Unemployment rate (in %) 4.0 Inflation rate - 2013 (in %) 4.08 It’s all about Connectivity • 144 trade routes • 1,700 ports • 160 countries The Panama Canal’s value added service The Panama Canal Service Package Economies of Scale Connectivity Sustainability Reliability Reliability • Opens 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year • Safe and secure • 98% customer satisfaction • Strikes not allowed by law; only two closures in its history • Predictability: Published tariffs and fixed transit date with reservation TIME AND DISTANCE SAVINGS ALTERNATE ROUTES PANAMA CANAL SUEZ CAPE HORN CAPE OF GOOD HOPE DAYS DISTANCE DAYS DISTANCE DAYS DISTANCE DAYS DISTANCE East and Gulf Coast US - Asia 20.0 9,640 29.5 14,178 35.6 17,112 31.6 15,417 West Coast South America – 7.3 3,351 43.3 19,776 21.3 9,753 43.1 19,693 East Coast US West Coast South America - 14.1 6,433 39.8 18,184 22 10,506 42.3 19,321 Europe West Coast US - Europe 17.5 8,005 35.5 16,210 30 13,702 42.4 19,385 West Coast Central America – 6.3 2,900 43.2 19,756 24.9 11,379 44.4 20,299 East Coast US Source: Fairplay Distance Table Speed: 20 knots Distance from point to point, travel days without considering port calls Sustainability PanamaCapacity: Canal - 2015 Existing Canal: 330m PC/UMS tons Expanded Canal: 600m PC/UMS tons Expansion Program Components Atlantic Site Post-
  • THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Number 215 Are in Competitive Jobs With- Mileage Allowance

    THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Number 215 Are in Competitive Jobs With- Mileage Allowance

    ^) T«f - l-P-03 -G Gift ofthe Panama Canal Museum^ Vol. 5, No. 3 BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE, OCTOBER 1, 1954 5 cents Fearless Foursome TEMPORARY PLAN USED TO COVER VACATION TRAVEL Judging by the avalanche of real and hypothetical questions thrown at the three employees in the Transportation Section of the Administrative Branch, it was fortunate that enactment of the free home leave travel legislation came at the end of the summer vacation season. No subject in many years has stimu- lated more interest or evoked more ques- tions than this. So many inquiries were received by the Transportation Section that a special request was made for em- ployees not planning immediate vacations to delay their questions. The Canal administration moved quick- ly when news was received that President Eisenhower had signed the bill into law. The plan was made effective immediately and employees leaving the next day on the Panama Line were given an oppor- tunity to accept free transportation. The plan is still SLIDING'S FUN and stirs up a breeze on a hot day. These Los Rios youngsters enjoy some of the being operated under equipment at their new play area: Ricky Riesch, Martha Jane Spinney (asked to spell it, she said: "You temporary rules until permanent regula- don't. You say it!"), Madeline Hopson, and Janet Stuart. For more on Canal Zone playgrounds, see tions are formulated. It is expected that page 5. these will be ready for announcement at an early date. First Free Tickets CANAL EMPLOYEES BEGIN TO SEE EFFECTS Travel orders are now being issued for all forms of transportation, and employ- BILL ees leaving today on the S.
  • Panamax - Wikipedia 4/20/20, 10�18 AM

    Panamax - Wikipedia 4/20/20, 1018 AM

    Panamax - Wikipedia 4/20/20, 1018 AM Panamax Panamax and New Panamax (or Neopanamax) are terms for the size limits for ships travelling through the Panama Canal. General characteristics The limits and requirements are published by the Panama Canal Panamax Authority (ACP) in a publication titled "Vessel Requirements".[1] Tonnage: 52,500 DWT These requirements also describe topics like exceptional dry Length: 289.56 m (950 ft) seasonal limits, propulsion, communications, and detailed ship design. Beam: 32.31 m (106 ft) Height: 57.91 m (190 ft) The allowable size is limited by the width and length of the available lock chambers, by the depth of water in the canal, and Draft: 12.04 m (39.5 ft) by the height of the Bridge of the Americas since that bridge's Capacity: 5,000 TEU construction. These dimensions give clear parameters for ships Notes: Opened 1914 destined to traverse the Panama Canal and have influenced the design of cargo ships, naval vessels, and passenger ships. General characteristics New Panamax specifications have been in effect since the opening of Panamax the canal in 1914. In 2009 the ACP published the New Panamax Tonnage: 120,000 DWT specification[2] which came into effect when the canal's third set of locks, larger than the original two, opened on 26 June 2016. Length: 366 m (1,201 ft) Ships that do not fall within the Panamax-sizes are called post- Beam: 51.25 m (168 ft) Panamax or super-Panamax. Height: 57.91 m (190 ft) The increasing prevalence of vessels of the maximum size is a Draft: 15.2 m (50 ft) problem for the canal, as a Panamax ship is a tight fit that Capacity: 13,000 TEU requires precise control of the vessel in the locks, possibly resulting in longer lock time, and requiring that these ships Notes: Opened 2016 transit in daylight.
  • Weekly Market Report

    Weekly Market Report

    GLENPOINTE CENTRE WEST, FIRST FLOOR, 500 FRANK W. BURR BOULEVARD TEANECK, NJ 07666 (201) 907-0009 September 24th 2021 / Week 38 THE VIEW FROM THE BRIDGE The Capesize chartering market is still moving up and leading the way for increased dry cargo rates across all segments. The Baltic Exchange Capesize 5TC opened the week at $53,240/day and closed out the week up $8,069 settling today at $61,309/day. The Fronthaul C9 to the Far East reached $81,775/day! Kamsarmaxes are also obtaining excellent numbers, reports of an 81,000 DWT unit obtaining $36,500/day for a trip via east coast South America with delivery in Singapore. Coal voyages from Indonesia and Australia to India are seeing $38,250/day levels and an 81,000 DWT vessel achieved $34,000/day for 4-6 months T/C. A 63,000 DWT Ultramax open Southeast Asia fixed 5-7 months in the low $40,000/day levels while a 56,000 DWT supramax fixed a trip from Turkey to West Africa at $52,000/day. An Ultramax fixed from the US Gulf to the far east in the low $50,000/day. The Handysize index BHSI rose all week and finished at a new yearly high of 1925 points. A 37,000 DWT handy fixed a trip from East coast South America with alumina to Norway for $37,000/day plus a 28,000 DWT handy fixed from Santos to Morocco with sugar at $34,000/day. A 35,000 DWT handy was fixed from Morocco to Bangladesh at $45,250/day and in the Mediterranean a 37,000 DWT handy booked a trip from Turkey to the US Gulf with an intended cargo of steels at $41,000/day.
  • Panama Canal Railway Coordinates: 8.97702°N 79.56773°W from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia

    Panama Canal Railway Coordinates: 8.97702°N 79.56773°W from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia

    Panama Canal Railway Coordinates: 8.97702°N 79.56773°W From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Panama Canal Railway is a railway line that runs parallel to the Panama Canal, linking the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean in Central America. The Panama Canal Railway Company route stretches 47.6 miles (76.6 km) across the Isthmus of Panama from Colón (Atlantic) to Balboa (Pacific, near Panama City). It is operated by Panama Canal Railway Company (reporting mark: PCRC), which is jointly owned by Kansas City Southern and Mi-Jack Products. [2] The Panama Canal Railway currently provides both freight and passenger service. The infrastructure of this railroad (formerly named the Panama Railway or Panama Rail Road ) was of vital importance for the construction of the Panama Canal over a parallel route half a century later. The principal incentive for the building of the rail line was the vast increase in traffic to California owing to the 1849 California Gold Rush. Construction on the Panama Railroad began in 1850 and the first revenue train ran over the full length on January 28, 1855. [3] Referred to as an inter-oceanic railroad when it opened, [4] it was later also described by some as representing a "transcontinental" railroad, despite only transversing the narrow isthmus connecting the North and South American continents.[5][6][7][8] Contents 1 History of earlier isthmus crossings and plans 2 1855 Panama Railroad 2.1 Construction Current Panama Canal Railway line 2.2 Financing (interactive version)[1] 2.3 Death toll Legend 2.4 Cadaver
  • Panama Canal Expansion Impacts on Fleet Patterns and Challenges in Terminal Design Presented by Michael Horton, C

    Panama Canal Expansion Impacts on Fleet Patterns and Challenges in Terminal Design Presented by Michael Horton, C

    Panama Canal Expansion Impacts on Fleet Patterns and Challenges in Terminal Design Presented by Michael Horton, C. Eng, P.E. Agenda • Panama Canal Expansion, the Coming Fleet – Fleet Vessel size – Container Vessel Size • Design Criteria , Present & Future – Terminal Requirements for the Future – Options for Berth Construction • Challenges, Moving Forward – Time – Money • Conclusions The New Generation Source: ACP Ready or Not? In 1995 the Regina Maersk was big at 6,500 TEU – 5,800 trucks – 25 barges – 550 cargo planes Regina Maersk (1995) Now We Have the Emma Maersk at 11,000 or 13,000TEUs Emma Maersk (2006) But Still Not The Biggest Vessel On The Water Typical Maritime Transport Costs Source: Delft University, “Containerization International Charter Market Report”, Drewry Container Market Review 2006-2007. Container Ship Dimensions by Capacity (averages) Capacity Draft LOA Beam (TEUs) (m) (m) (m) 2,000-2,999 11.6 239 31.5 3,000-3,999 12.1 259 32.4 4,000-4,999 13.0 284 33.2 5,000-5,999 13.7 281 39.0 6,000-6,999 13.9 302 40.6 7,000-7,999 14.6 343 42.6 8,000-8,999 14.3 329 42.8 9,000-9,999 14.7 344 44.0 >10,000 15.5 398 56.4 Immediate Demand (ECSA carrier) • (2010) - 6,300 TEUS: – Length: 300 Meters – Beam: 40 Meters – Draft: 14.5 Meters – DWT: 76,000 • (2014) - 8,800 TEUS: – Length: 338 Meters – Beam: 46 Meters – Draft: 15.5 Meters – DWT: 116,000 Vessel Size: Conclusion • Panama Canal sets the new top end? • Vessel size will be a factor of route, market potential and facilities availability • With or without the Canal expansion, terminal
  • PANAMA CANAL PANAMA Connecting Hemispheres in Panama 8 DAYS | Choose Your Dates

    PANAMA CANAL PANAMA Connecting Hemispheres in Panama 8 DAYS | Choose Your Dates

    MIRAFLORES LOCKS, PANAMA CANAL PANAMA Connecting Hemispheres in Panama 8 DAYS | Choose your dates About this trip Your students will... Connecting the ecosystems and civilizations of two continents, • Visit a coffee farm and discuss the importance of Panama is an ideal classroom for examining topics of biology, pollination and sustainable culture, engineering, and more. Compare rainforest and cloud forest farming. habitats while observing neotropical wildlife. Spend the day with an • Learn about medicinal plants in the rainforest with indigenous tribe to learn about their way of life. Analyze the lasting an Emberá village elder. effects of the country’s early colonial roots, its role in World War II, • Delve into the country’s history on a stroll through and the construction of the famed Panama Canal. Finally, discuss the parks and colorful streets how modern Panamanians are looking ahead to a sustainable future. of Casco Viejo, Panama City’s historical center. • Gain a deeper Educational Connections What’s included? understanding of the engineering marvel that is • Bilingual local guide the Panama Canal during a • Driver visit to the Miraflores Locks • Accommodations Visitor Center. Interdisciplinary Natural Studies History • Activities • Enjoy fun adventure • Private transportation activities, including • Meals whitewater rafting, kayaking, and guided rainforest and • Beverages with meals cloud forest hikes. • Carbon offsetting Cultural Adventure Studies Learning holbrooktravel.com | 800-451-7111 Itinerary BLD = BREAKFAST, LUNCH, DINNER relocation during canal expansion, and meet their animal ambassadors. This afternoon, go kayaking on the Chagres River. After dinner meet with Yaguara Conservation to learn about the plight of the jaguar DAY 1 - PANAMA CITY and measures taken to replenish the wild cat population.